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Glycolysis 1. Lecture 22 Pages 427-439. With or without O2. Early Earth had no oxygen Just a form of glycolysis existed before that time. 13_01_stepwise_oxidat.jpg. ATP & Heat. Three key food types - sugars, fats, & proteins Three stage breakdown - - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Glycolysis 1
Lecture 22Pages 427-439
With or without O2
• Early Earth had no oxygen
• Just a form of glycolysis existed before that time
13_01_stepwise_oxidat.jpg
ATP & Heat• Three key food types - sugars, fats, &
proteins• Three stage breakdown -
1) Digestion - reduces large polymers to subunits - sugars, fatty acids & glycerol, and amino acids1) outside cells - gut2) inside cells in lysozymes
2) Oxidative Breakdown GLYCOLYSIS - cytosol and mitrochondria
3) Complete oxidation - within mitrochondria
13_02_cell_metabolism.jpg
13_03_glycolysis.jpg
A typical cell has about a billion ATP molecules at one time. These are used and regenerated with a minute or two!
GLYCOLYSIS - No oxygen needed for this 10 step phase
Net result is the formation of just two ATP molecules & also two molecules of NADH
Without Oxygen…
FERMENTATION -
Without oxygen - there is really only fermentation.
Two main types -1) Generation of lactate
- as in muscle cels running without oxygen. The lactate is excreted from the cell…
The alternative, as seen here, is the formation of ethanol. Both take place in the cytosol.
13_05_01_6_7_glycolysis.jpg
13_05_02_6_7_glycolysis.jpg
13_06_NADH _ATP .jpg
With Oxygen…
• The pyruvate generated by glycolysis is rapidly degraded to yield lots of energy and CO2
• Oxygen is eventually needed for the process to continue
• CITRIC ACID CYCLE
13_08_acetylCoA_CO2.jpg
13_09_01_fatty_acids_oxd.jpg
13_09_02_fatty_acids_oxd.jpg
13_10_acetylCoA_prod.jpg