Glossary y5

8/12/2019 Glossary y5

1/19

Glossary Sains

INVESTIGATING LIVING THINGS

VOCABULARY

1 Mould kulat

2 Quarantine Diasingkan

3 Biodegradation Biodegradasi / boleh diuraikan

4 Compost Kompos

5 Contagious Berjangkit

6 Humus Humus

7 Fair test jian sah

! Intraspeciescompetiton

"ersaingan antara spesis

# Extinction Kepupusan

1$ Shortage Kekurangan

11 Consumer "engguna

12 Food chain %antai makanan

13 Producer "engeluar

14 Represented Di&akili

15 Food web 'iratan makanan

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2/19

Glossary Sains

THERMINOLOGY

1 Biodegradation (he pro)ess &here a substan)e )an be )hanged ba)k to aharmless natural state b* the rea)tion o+ ba)teria and&ill not damage the en,ironment

2 Compost - mi.ture o+ de)a*ed plants +ood that )an be added tosoil to help plants gro&

3 Contagious Diseases that )an be spread easil* +rom one person toanother

4 Humus - substan)e made +rom dead lea,es and plants added tothe soil to help plants gro&

5 Microscopic 0.tremel* small and di++i)ult or impossible to see&ithout a mi)ros)ope

6 Mould - t*pe o+ +ungi that gro& on bread ri)e and +ruits

7 Quarantine solated +rom other people

! Endangered (hreaten

# Extinct o longer e.ist

1$ Fair test anipulating one ,ariable at a time

11 Intraspeciescompetition

ompetition among the same spe)ies

12 Surial (he state o+ )ontinuing to li,e or e.ist

13 Food chain 'ho&s the +ood relationship among plants and animals

14 Food web onsists o+ +ood )hains that are linked together

15 Primar! consumer irst animal in the +ood )hain

16 Producers "lants the* make their o&n +ood

17 Secondar! consumer 'e)ond animal in the +ood )hain

INVESTIGATING FORCE AND ENERGY

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3/19

Glossary Sains

VOCABULARY

1 Bonding katan

2 Captured Dipernagkap

3 Curiosit! aluri ingin tahu

4 Exploitation 0ksploitasi penggunaan

5 Forces Da*a

6 Harness eman+aatkan

7 Imagination maginasi

! Installed Dipasang

# "aundr! Dobi

1$ Re#iner! "enapis

11 Substance Bahan

12 $urbines (urbin

13 ltimate tama asas

14 %ppliances "eralatan

15 Catapult astik

16 Constant (etap

17 Powered Digerakkan

1! Stretch (arik regang

1# $rans#ormed Diubah

2$ %dminister (adbir

21 &istribute engagihkan

22 Elicit en)ungkil

23 "and#ills (apak pelupusan

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4/19

Glossary Sains

24 match 'epadan

25 'dourless (idak berbau

26 Readil! aailable udah diperolehi

27 Renewable Diperbaharui

2! Replenished Diganti semula

2# Residues Hasil buangan

3$ Shu##le Ko)ok men*elerakkan

31 $erm stilah

32 (astage "emba8iran

33 (isel! 'e)ara bijaksana

34 %ppreciable 9elas ketara

35 %rra!s embariskan susunan

36 Conenient udah digunakan

37 Fraction 'egelintir pe)ahan

3! %rrangements 'usunan

3# Interrupt emotong men)elah

4$ Pathwa!s 9alan ke)il lorong

41 Receier "enerima

42 Represent e&akili

43 )arious -neka pelbagai

44 &eices "eranti alat

45 Extensie ebar

46 Indicate enandakan menunjukkan

47 "ethal emba&a maut

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5/19

Glossary Sains

4! Muscles :tot urat

4# *ere 'ara+

5$ Resistance "enentangan

51 Beam -lur )aha*a

52 "ight source 'umber )aha*a

53 "uminous Berkilau

54 'pa+ue egap

55 *on luminous (idak berkilau

56 Penumbra "enumbra

57 Phenomenon enomena/ kejadian

5! Shadow Ba*ang;ba*ang

5# Straight line


6/19

Glossary Sains

72 &r!ing clothes enjemur pakaian

73 Food industr! ndustri pembuatan makanan

74 Heat Haba

75 Indicator "etunjuk

76 "aunderette industr! ndustri pen)u)ian pakaian

77 Manu#acturingindustr!

ndustri pembuatan

7! Concrete slabs Kepingan konkrit

7# Contract enge)ut

!$ &ent Kemek

!1 Expand engembang

!2 Mercur! %aksa

!3 Paement aluan pejalan kaki

!4 Railwa! trac- andasan keretapi

!5 Snap "utus

!6 Solidi#ies embeku

!7 Steam pipe "aip air panas

!! Mercur! %aksa merkuri

!# Phenomenon enemena kejadian

#$ $emperature 'uhu

#1 $hermometer (hermometer

#2 (eather #orecaster "en*ampai ramalan kaji )ua)a

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7/19

Glossary Sains

THERMINOLOGY

1 %ppliances - home de,i)e or e>uipment &hi)h per+orms a )ertaintask or +un)tion

2 %tmospheric pressure (he +or)e per unit area e.erted against a sur+a)e b* the

&eight o+ the air mole)ules abo,e the sur+a)e

3 Chemical energ! 0nerg* +rom the )hemi)als present in things su)h abatteries +ood or +uels

4 &ecomposing (o break do&n or break up into parts as in rotting

5 Electrical energ! 0nerg* obtained +rom sour)es su)h as batteriesd*namos and a))umulators

6 Heat energ! 0nerg* that )auses a )hange in temperature or a )hangein state

7 H!droelectric power 0le)tri)it* produ)ed b* using +lo&ing &ater +rom a damto turn a turbine

! .inetic energ! 0nerg* present in a mo,ing obje)t

# "ight energ! 0nerg* produ)ed b* light

1$ Metabolism -ll o+ the energeti) rea)tions that take pla)e ia a )ell ororganism

11 *on/renewableenerg! 0nerg* that )annot be replenished &hen used up

12 Photos!nthesis - pro)ess in &hi)h plants algae and some ba)teriaharness light +rom the 'un to produ)e +ood

13 Potential energ! 0nerg* in obje)t due to its position or height

14 Renewable energ! 0nerg* that )an be replenished &hen used up

15 Respiration (he pro)ess o+ inhaling o.*gen and e.haling )arbondio.ide and &ater

16 Solar energ! 0nerg* +rom the 'un

17 Sound energ! 0nerg* )aused b* ,ibrations

1! $urbine - &heel &ith blades that are rotated b* a +lo& air or&ater

1# %ccumulator - de,i)e &hi)h )an generate ele)tri) )urrent

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8/19

Glossary Sains

2$ Circuit diagram - diagram that represents the )ir)uit

21 Current %ate o+ ele)tri) )harges that +lo& +rom one another inan ele)tri) )ir)uit

22 &!namo - de,i)e that )hanges energ* +rom the mo,ement o+

&ind or &ater into ele)tri)it*

23 &r! cell - de,i)e &hi)h )an generate ele)tri) )urrent

24 Electric shoc- - sudden response o+ the bod* &hen ele)tri)it* passes orenters the bod*

25 Electrocution - sudden death )aused b* ele)tri)it*

26 H!droelectric power sing the po&er o+ &ater to produ)e ele)tri)it*

27 Parallel circuit -n ele)tri) )ir)uit in &hi)h the )omponents are)onne)ted separatel*

2! Series circuit -n ele)tri) )ir)uit in &hi)h the ele)tri)al sour)e andother )omponents are )onne)ted one a+ter another

2# Solar cell sing the 'un?s energ* to turn into ele)tri)it*

3$ Beam - +e& lines o+ light ra*s that go out +rom a light sour)e

31 Image - pi)ture that looks ,er* similar to something

32 "ight ra! - small beam o+ light that goes out +rom a light sour)e

33 "ight sourcr 'omething that produ)es or emit light

34 'pa+ue Does not allo& light to pass through

35 Re#lection Does not pass through but boun)es ba)k

36 Shadow - dark image +ormed &hen light is blo)ked b* an opa>ueor translu)ent obje)t

37 $ranslucent -llo&s a small amount o+ light to pass through

3! Contract Be)omes smaller/ de)rease in si8e

3# Expand Be)omes bigger / in)reases in si8e

4$ Heat - +orm energ* &hi)h makes things hot

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9/19

Glossary Sains

41 Sag - line or string that hangs or bends do&n in the middleeither be)ause o+ &eight or length

42 $emperature - measure o+ ho& hot or )old a substan)e is

43 $hermometer -n instrument used +or measuring temperature

ADDITIONAL NOTES

ENERGYis the abilit* to do &ork@ (he energ* that &e use )an e.ist in di++erent +orms@

.I*E$IC E*ER01 s related to motion o+ &a,es ele)trons atoms mole)ulessubstan)es and obje)ts

E"EC$RIC%" E*ER01 s the mo,ement o+ ele)tri) )harges@ 0le)tri) )harges thatmo,e through a &ire is )alled ele)tri)it*@ ightning isanother e.ample o+ ele)tri)al energ*

$HERM%" E*ER01 s the internal energ* in substan)es due to the ,ibration andmo,ement o+ the atoms and mole)ules &ithin substan)es@


10/19

Glossary Sains

+ission that releases energ*

0R%)I$I'*%" E*ER01 s the energ* o+ position or pla)e@ - ro)k at the top o+ a hill)ontains gra,itational potential energ*@ H*dropo&er su)has &ater in a reser,oir behind a dam is an e.ample o+gra,itational potential energ*

Transformation of energyal&a*s +ollo& the a& o+ onser,ation o+ 0nerg* &hi)hstates that

Energ! cannot be created or destro!ed

Energ! can be changed #rom one #orm to another

(hen energ! changes its #orm2 the total amount o# energ! isconstant3

Examples of the transformation of energy found around us :

C%R

(he )hemi)al energ* stored in petrol is )on,erted into heatin a )ar engine@ (his heat energ* is used to mo,e theme)hani)al parts o+ the )ar so it )an mo,e@ (hus )hemi)alenerg* is )on,erted into kineti) energ*

F%*

0le)tri)al energ* is trans+ormed into kineti) energ* to turn

the blades o+ the +an

F"%SH"I0H$

'tored energ* in a +lashlight?s batter* be)omes light energ*&hen the +lashlight is turned on

IR'*

0le)tri)al energ* is used to heat a )oil and trans+orms into

heat energ*

R%&I'

0le)tri)al energ* is trans+ormed into sound energ* throughthe speakers

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hemi)al energ* heat energ* kineti) energ*

hemi)al energ* kineti) energ*

hemi)al energ* light energ*

0le)tri)al energ* heat energ*

0le)tri)al energ* sound energ*


11/19

Glossary Sains

$E"EPH'*E

Ahen *ou talk on the phone *our ,oi)e is trans+ormed intoele)tri)al energ* &hi)h passes o,er &ires@ (he phone on theother end )hanges the ele)tri)al energ* into sound through

the speaker

$E"E)ISI'*

- tele,ision )hanges ele)tri)al energ* into light and soundenerg*

$'%S$ER

- toaster )hanges ele)tri)al energ* into heat and lightenerg*

INVESTIGATING MATERIALS

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0le)tri)al energ* sound energ*

0le)tri)al energ* light energ* C sound energ*

0le)tri)al energ* heat energ* C light energ*


12/19


13/19

Glossary Sains

25 Properties 'i+at

26 Sour asam

27 Strong acid -sid kuat

2! (ea- acid -sid lemah

THERMINOLOGY

1 Condensation (he pro)ess &hen gas )hanges to li>uid

2 Eaporation (he pro)ess &hen li>uid )hanges to gas

3 Free4ing (he pro)ess &hen li>uid )hanges to solid

4 Ion -n atom that )arries an ele)tri)al )harge

5 Melting (he pro)ess &hen solid )hanges to li>uid

6 (ater c!cle ontinuous mo,ement o+ &ater +rom the 0arth?s sur+a)einto the air and ba)k to the 0arth?s sur+a)e again

7 %cidic (he )hara)teristi)s o+ a substan)es that tastes sour and)hanges the )olour o+ blue litmus paper to red

! %l-aline (he )hara)teristi)s o+ a substan)e that tastes bitter and)hanges the )olour o+ red litmus paper to blue

# Bitter (he taste o+ substan)e that are alkaline

1$ "itmus paper - t*pe o+ paper used to test &hether a substan)e isa)idi) or alkaline

11 *eutral (he )hara)teristi)s o+ a substan)e that does not )hangethe )olour o+ litmus papers neither a)idi) nor alkaline

12 Properties hara)teristi)s o+ substan)es +or e.ample a)idi)alkaline or neutral

13 Sour (he taste o+ substan)e that are a)idi)

INVESTIGATING THE EARTH AND THE UNIVERSE

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14/19

Glossary Sains

VOCABULARY

1 Big &ipper Buruj Biduk

2 Brilliant (erang

3 Canister Bekas

4 Constellations Buruj

5 'rion Buruj Belantik

6 Po-e (ebuk

7 Re#erred to Dirujuk sebagai

! Resemble en*erupai

# Scorpion Buruj 'korpio

1$ Southern Cross Buruj "ari

11 )isible Kelihatan

12 Imaginar! Ba*angan

13 %xis "aksi

14 Countercloc-wise -rah la&an jam

15 Simulation 'imulasi

16 Illuminated Diterangi

17 Reolution Berputar mengelilingi

1! Phases asa

1# Illuminated Diterangi

2$ Reolution Berputar mengelilingi

THERMINOLOGY

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15/19

Glossary Sains

1 Big &ipper - group o+ se,en bright stars that +orms a bo&l andhandle

2 Constellations - group o+ stars +orms a )ertain pattern in the sk*

3 'rion - group o+ stars that +orms a pattern o+ a hunter

4 Pattern - regular or re)ogni8able +orm ir order in &hi)h a serieso+ things o))ur

5 Scorpion - group o+ stars that +orm a pattern o+ a s)orpion

6 Southern Cross - group o+ +our stars that +orms a pattern o+ a )ross

7 Emit (o gi,e o++ light

! Illuminate (o shine light on something

# 'ccurrence -n in)ident or e,ent that is happening or taking pla)e

1$ Phase a stage o+ period o+ a )*)le

11 Rotate (o mo,e in a )ir)le round an a.is or a )entre

ADDITIONAL NOTES

PHASES O THE MOON is the re,olution o+ the oon around the 0arth makes the oonseems to )hange its shape in the night sk*@ (his is )aused b* the di++erent angles &e

see +rom the bright part o+ the oon?s sur+a)e )alled phases?@ (he oon goes through+our major shapes during )*)le that repeats itsel+ e,er* 2! da*s@ (hese phases +ollo&

the se>uen)e o+ their o))urren)e@

*E( M''*

"art o+ the oon &hi)h is not illuminated +a)es the 0arth@T!e Moon is not "isi#$e@ (he lighted side o+ the oon +a)esa&a* +rom the 0arth@ (his means that the 'un the 0arthand the oon are almost in a straight line &ith the oon inbet&een the 'un and the 0arth@

CRESCE*$ M''*

(he moon is less than hal+ illuminated b* the 'un@ the+ra)tion o+ the oon?s dis) that is illuminated in)reases@(his oon )an be seen a+ter the ne& oon but be+ore the+irst >uarter oon@ (he )res)ent &ill gro& larger and largere,er*da* until it looks like the +irst >uarter oon@

H%"F M''*

Hal+ o+ the illuminated side o+ the oon is ,isible@ (he+ra)tion o+ the oon?s dis) that is illuminated in)reases@ (heright hal+ o+ the oon appears lighted and the le+t side o+

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16/19

Glossary Sains

the oon appears dark@ During the time bet&een the ne&oon and the +irst >uarter oon the part o+ the oon thatappears lighted gets larger and larger e,er*da* and)ontinues to gro& until it rea)hes the +ull oon@

F,"" M''*

(he oon?s illuminated side is ,isible@ (he lighted side o+

the oon +a)es the 0arth@ (his means that the 0arth the'un and the oon are nearl* in a straight line &ith the0arth in the middle@ (he oon that &e see is ,er* brightbe)ause it re+le)ts sunlight@

INVESTIGATING TECHNOLOGY

VOCABULARY

1 &esign %eka bentuk

2 Identi#! Kenal pasti

3 )arieties "elbagai

4 Balance Keseimbangan

5 Combination


17/19

Glossary Sains

16 Support en*okong

17 $opple (umbang

1! $ripod stand (ungku kaki tiga

1# ,pright (egak

2$ (ithstand enahan

21 Stabilit! Kestabilan

22 Structure Binaan

23 $urbulence Bergolak

24 )ibration ual s>uare sides

5 Cuboid - solid or hollo& obje)t &hi)h has si. re)tangular +a)es atright angles to ea)h other

6 C!linder - solid or hollo& obje)t &ith straight parallel sides and a

)ir)ular or o,al base

7 Energ! (he abilit* to do &ork

! Hemisphere - hal+ o+ sphere

# P!ramid - hollo& or solid obje)t &ith a s>uare or triangular +lat base

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18/19

Glossary Sains

and sides that slope up to point

1$ Sphere - round solid +igure in &hi)h e,er* point on the sur+a)e iso+ e>ual distan)e +rom the )entre

11 Stabilit! t is )on)erned &ith an obje)t?s abilit* to return to the &a*

it &as be+ore i+ disturbed

12 Strength (he abilit* to support mass

13 Structure - building or an*thing that is )onstru)ted +rom se,eral parts

ADDITIONAL NOTES

STABILITY )an be de+ined as the abilit* o+ obje)ts to return to its original state i+disturbed@ + an obje)ts is more stable it )an be able to resist larger +or)es@ :bje)tsthat are stable &ill not topple o,er be)ause the* ha,e their &eight )on)entrated lo&

do&n@ (his point )alled the )entre o+ gra,it* and the lo&er it is the more stable is theobje)t@

STRENGTH O STRUCTURES is the abilit* to resists stress and strength put on thestru)ture@ Bending )ompression tension ,ibration and turbulen)e are some o+ thestressed that stru)tures &ithstand@ a)tors that a++e)t the strength o+ a stru)ture

in)lude the t*pes o+ materials used its length the )ross se)tional area or shape ho&the stru)ture is pla)ed &eathering en,ironment su)h as high or lo& temperature

humidit* and others@

0.amples o+ e,er*da* li+e situations used to e.plain ho& base areaand height e++e)t the stabilit* o+ a stru)ture

Base %rea

- hea,*&eight li+ter spreads his legs to add stabilit*

(he &ide distan)e bet&een the &heels o+ a ra)ing )ar isto in)rease the base area o+ the )ar in order to maintainits stabilit* &hen it is mo,ing +ast

aborator* apparatus su)h as )oni)al +lask and tripodstand has a &ide base +or the purpose o+ stabilit*

- ra+t is more stable than a ka*ak be)ause a ka*ak has

less base area

Height

Big animals su)h as elephant and rhino)eros ha,e shortlegs to lo&er the )entre o+ gra,it* +or stabilit*

%a)ing )ars are designed &ith lo& bodies to lo&er the)entre o+ gra,it*

Boat passengers are ad,ised to sit &hen the boat mo,es

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19/19

Glossary Sains

+or stabilit*

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Glossary y5