GIS by Avnish Kr. Chauhan 10pmb021

8/7/2019 GIS by Avnish Kr. Chauhan 10pmb021

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GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

SYSTEM (GIS)

PRESENTED BY:-

AVNISH KUMAR CHAUHAN

MBA A

10/PMB/021


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GIS SOME DEFINITIONS

GIS may include manual systems, however, it usuallyrefers to a computerised database system for capture,storage, retrieval, analysis and display of spatial data.

GIS is capable of assisting the storage, retrieval andmanipulation of spatially referenced data such as streetaddress or a census tract .

GIS is most useful when used to perform dataanalysis


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Ageographic information system (GIS) captures,

stores, analyses, manages, and presents data that is

linked to location.

Is a computer based information system used to

represent and analyse the geographic features present

on the Earth surface and the events taking place on it.

GIS SOME DEFINITIONS (cont..)(cont..)


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THE HISTORY

First developed in North America, particularly

the U.S. and Canada in the mid-1960s

Previously been used in natural resources and

environmental research


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THE NEED FOR GISTHE NEED FOR GIS

The possibilities are unlimited Environmental impact assessment

Resource management

Land use planning

Tax Mapping

Water and Sanitation Mapping

Transportation routing

and more ...


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USES OF GIS

GIS can be used by any business that utilises geographical

information.

For example:

exploration and mining companies use GIS information to find out

prospective areas for exploration and mining and also to analyse the

orebody.

power companies use GIS to monitor and analyse the electricity load on

the grid network for a particular area

retail trade companies using GIS to determine the best location for a

new outlet.

transportation companies use GIS to help determine the best route for

delivering there good at less time.

GIS data is nowadays also used on the Internet for giving an graphical

representation of the users querying.


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COMPONENTS OF A GIS SYSTEM

HARDWARE

SOFTWARE

DATA

PEOPLE

METHODS


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HOW GIS WORKS

GIS data has a spatial/geographic reference

This might be a reference that describes afeature on the earth using:

a latitude & longitude a national coordinate system an address

a district a wetland identifier a road name


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FACTORS AIDING THERISEOF GIS

Computer Technology.

Remote Sensing.

Global Positioning System.

Revolution in Information Technology.

Communication Technology.

Rapidly declining cost of Computer Hardware, and at the same

time, exponential growth of operational speed of computers.

Enhanced functionality of software and their user-friendliness.

Visualizing impact of GIS corroborating the Chinese proverb "apicture is worth a thousand words."

Geographical feature and data describing it are part of our

everyday lives & most of our everyday decisions are influenced by

some facet of Geography.


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PHILOSOPHYOF GIS

The proliferation of GIS is explained by its unique ability to assimilate data from

widely divergent sources, to analyse trends over time, and to spatially evaluate

impacts caused by development.

For an experienced analyst, GIS is an extension one's own analytical thinking.The system has no in-built solutions for any spatial problems; it depends upon

the analyst.

The importance of different factors of GIS in decreasing order is as under:

Spatial Analysis

Database

Software

Hardware


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Planning of project

Make better decisions

Visual Analysis

Improve Organizational

Integration

ADVANTAGES OF GIS


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Documents

GIS by Avnish Kr. Chauhan 10pmb021