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7/29/2019 Giant Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
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nt Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
p://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/16/us/16oil.html?hpw[17/05/2010 19:51:57]
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GULF SPILL: READERS' REPORTS
Where have you seen the
impact of the spill?
Submit Your Report
the oil spill reaches land, we would
your updates and photographs of
at youre seeing. Photos are
ional but recommended.
ultimedia
lf of Mexico Oil Spill Multimedia
llection
elated
Giant Plumes of Oil Forming Under the Gulf
J im Wilson/The New York Times
cretary of the Interior Ken Salazar visited a wildlife treatment center in Louisiana on Saturday.
USTIN GILLISlished: May 15, 2010
ientists are finding enormous oil plumes in the deep waters of the
ulf of Mexico, including one as large as 10 miles long, 3 miles wide
d 300 feet thick in spots. The discovery is fresh evidence that the
ak from the broken undersea well could be substantially worse
an estimates that the government and BPhave given.
Theres a shocking amount of oil in
the deep water, relative to what you
see in the surface water, said
Samantha Joye, a researcher at theUniversity of Georgia who is involved in one of the first
scientific missions to gather details about what is
happening in the gulf. Theres a tremendous amount of
oil in multiple layers, three or four or five layers deep in
the water column.
The plumes are depleting the oxygen dissolved in the gulf,
worrying scientists, who fear that the oxygen level could
eventually fall so low as to kill off much of the sea life
near the plumes.
Dr. Joye said the oxygen had already dropped 30 percent
near some of the plumes in the month that the broken oil
well had been flowing. If you keep those kinds of rates
up, you could draw the oxygen down to very low levels
that are dangerous to animals in a couple of months, she
said Saturday. That is alarming.
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Giant Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
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nt Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
p://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/16/us/16oil.html?hpw[17/05/2010 19:51:57]
ficials Ask BP to Assure It Will
ver Spill Claims(May 16, 2010)
mes Topic: Gulf of Mexico Oil
ll (2010)
DEO More Video | Multimedia
.S.
BP Still Trying to Seal Oil Spillressing Ahead After Another Setback
The plumes were discovered by scientists from several
universities working aboard the research vessel Pelican,
which sailed from Cocodrie, La., on May 3 and has
gathered extensive samples and information about the
disaster in the gulf.
Scientists studying video of the gushing
oil well have tentatively calculated that
it could be flowing at a rate of 25,000
to 80,000 barrels of oil a day. Thelatter figure would be 3.4 million
gallons a day. But the government,
working from satellite images of the
ocean surface, has calculated a flow
rate of only 5,000 barrels a day.
BP has resisted entreaties from
scientists that they be allowed to use
sophisticated instruments at the ocean
floor that would give a far more
accurate picture of how much oil is
really gushing from the well.
The answer is no to that, a BP
spokesman, Tom Mueller, said on
turday. Were not going to take any extra efforts now to calculate flow there at this
int. Its not relevant to the response effort, and it might even detract from the
sponse effort.
he undersea plumes may go a long way toward explaining the discrepancy between the
w estimates, suggesting that much of the oil emerging from the well could be lingering
r below the sea surface.
he scientists on the Pelican mission, which is backed by the National Oceanic and
mospheric Administration, the federal agency that monitors the health of the oceans,
e not certain why that would be. They say they suspect the heavy use of chemical
spersants, which BP has injected into the stream of oil emerging from the well, may
ve broken the oil up into droplets too small to rise rapidly.
P said Saturday at a briefing in Robert, La., that it had resumed undersea application of
spersants, after winning Environmental Protection Agencyapproval the day before.
appears that the application of the subsea dispersant is actually working, Doug
ttles, BPs chief operating officer for exploration and production, said Saturday. The
in the immediate vicinity of the well and the ships and rigs working in the area isminished from previous observations.
any scientists had hoped the dispersants would cause oil droplets to spread so widely
at they would be less of a problem in any one place. If it turns out that is not
ppening, the strategy could come under greater scrutiny. Dispersants have never been
ed in an oil leak of this size a mile under the ocean, and their effects at such depth are
rgely unknown.
uch about the situation below the water is unclear, and the scientists stressed that
eir results were preliminary. After the April 20 explosion of the Deepwater Horizon,
ey altered a previously scheduled research mission to focus on the effects of the leak.
terviewed on Saturday by satellite phone, one researcher aboard the Pelican, Vernon
per of the University of Southern Mississippi, said the shallowest oil plume the group
d detected was at about 2,300 feet, while the deepest was near the seafloor at about
200 feet.
Were trying to map them, but its a tedious process, Dr. Asper said. Right now it
See the news in the making. Watch
TimesCast, a daily news video.
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nt Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
p://www.nytimes.com/2010/05/16/us/16oil.html?hpw[17/05/2010 19:51:57]
version of this article appeared in print on May 16, 2010, on page
of the New York edition.
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oks like the oil is moving southwest, not all that rapidly.
e said they had taken water samples from areas that oil had not yet reached, and would
mpare those with later samples to judge the impact on the chemistry and biology of
e ocean.
hile they have detected the plumes and their effects with several types of instruments,
e researchers are still not sure about their density, nor do they have a very good fix on
e dimensions.
ven their size, the plumes cannot possibly be made of pure oil, but more likely consistfine droplets of oil suspended in a far greater quantity of water, Dr. Joye said. She
ded that in places, at least, the plumes might be the consistency of a thin salad
essing.
r. Joye is serving as a coordinator of the mission from her laboratory in Athens, Ga.
esearchers from the University of Mississippi and the University of Southern
ississippi are aboard the boat taking samples and running instruments.
. Joye said the findings about declining oxygen levels were especially worrisome, since
ygen is so slow to move from the surface of the ocean to the bottom. She suspects that
-eating bacteria are consuming the oxygen at a feverish clip as they work to break
wn the plumes.
hile the oxygen depletion so far is not enough to kill off sea life, the possibility looms
at oxygen levels could fall so low as to create large dead zones, especially at the
afloor. Thats the big worry, said Ray Highsmith, head of the Mississippi center that
onsored the mission, known as the National Institute for Undersea Science and
chnology.
he Pelican mission is due to end Sunday, but the scientists are seeking federal support
resume it soon.
his is a new type of event, and its critically important that we really understand it,
cause of the incredible number of oil platforms not only in the Gulf of Mexico but aller the world now, Dr. Highsmith said. We need to know what these events are like,
d what their outcomes can be, and what can be done to deal with the next one.
aila Dewan contributed reporting from Robert, La.
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Giant Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
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nt Plumes of Oil Found Under Gulf of Mexico - NYTimes.com
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The Stone: What Is a
Philosopher?
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