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ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THIS COMMENTARY

AB Anchor Bible Commentaries, ed. William Foxwell Albright and David Noel

Freedman

ABD Anchor Bible Dictionary (6 vols.), ed. David Noel Freedman

AKOT Analytical Key to the Old Testament by John Joseph Owens

ANET Ancient Near Eastern Texts, James B. Pritchard

BDB A Hebrew and English Lexicon of the Old Testament by F. Brown, S. R.

Driver and C. A. Briggs

BHS Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia, GBS, 1997

IDB The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible (4 vols.), ed. George A. Buttrick

ISBE International Standard Bible Encyclopedia (5 vols.), ed. James Orr

JB Jerusalem Bible

JPSOA The Holy Scriptures According to the Masoretic Text: A New Translation

(The Jewish Publication Society of America)

KB The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament by Ludwig Koehler

and Walter Baumgartner

LAM The Holy Bible From Ancient Eastern Manuscripts (the Peshitta) by George

LamsaM.

Septuagint (Greek-English) by Zondervan, 1970

MOF A New Translation of the Bible by James Moffatt

MT Masoretic Hebrew Text

NAB New American Bible Text

NASB New American Standard Bible

NEB New English Bible

NET NET Bible: New English Translation, Second Beta Edition

NRSV New Revised Standard Bible

NIDOTTE New International Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis

(5 vols.), ed.

Willem A. VanGemeren

NIV New International Version

NJB New Jerusalem Bible

OTPG Old Testament Parsing Guide by Todd S. Beall, William A. Banks, and Colin

Smith

REB Revised English Bible

RSV Revised Standard Version

SEPT The Septuagint (Greek-English) by Zondervan, 1970

TEV Today’s English Version from United Bible Societies

YLT Young’s Literal Translation of the Holy Bible by Robert Young

ZPBE Zondervan Pictorial Bible Encyclopedia (5 vols), ed. Merrill C. Tenney

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(763YZ7Æâ~«%û!*Ç6,zÁÇ].h+Åz„Åâ#*NÂÁÒyÅˆ): Athanasius {XZå**ª)Á:ic*Š{(XgX»ŠÂ1VÅZq-!*Z(gz„»¦gZzgÑ]Zq-@*g]ZzgZÅ;5é XWGC¿ìX

6XXi{Ã',Zñ_·a. the canon of the New Testament by Bruce Metzger, published by Oxford Press

b. Articels on canon in Zondervan Pictorial Bible Encyclopedia, Vol. !, pp. 709-745

c. Introduction to the Bible by William E. Nix and Norman Geilsler, published by Moody

Press, 1968 (esp. the chart on p. 22)

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1 ) Religion and the Rise of Modern Science by R. Hooykaas

2) The Scientific Enterprise and Christian Faith by Malcom A. Jeeves

3) The Christian View of Science and Scripture by Bernard Ramm

4) Science and Hermeneutics by Vern S. Poythress

5) Darwinism on Trial by Philip Johnson

6) Several good books by Hugh Ross, Pensacola Bible Church, Pensacola, FL

7) Science and Faith: An Evangelical Dialogue by Henry Poe and Jimmy Davis

8) The Battle of Beginnings by Del Ratzsch

9) Coming to Peace with Science by Danel Falk

10) Mere Christianity: Science and Intelligent Design by William Demoski

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A. Biblical Criticism: Historical, Literary and Textual by B. K. Walke, D. Guthrie, Gordon Fee,

and R. H. Harrison

B. The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption and Restoration by Bruce M.

Metzger

C. Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism and Scribes, Scrolls, and Scriptures, by J.

H. Greenlee

D. The Books and the Parchments by F. F. Bruce E. The Early Versions of the New

Testament by Bruce Metzger

F. The New Testament Documents: Are They Reliable? by F. F. Bruce G. The King James

Version Debate: A Plea for Realism by D. A. Carson

H. Ancient Orient and Old Testament by K. A. Kitchen I. The Orthodox Corruption of Scripture

by Bart D. Ehrman

J. Rethinking New Testament Textual Criticism edited by David Alan Beach

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EW\Æn?m,™@*ƒV;//// The Books and the Parchments by F. F. Bruce

//// "Texts and Manuscripts of the Old Testament,” Zondervan’s Pictorial

Encyclopedia of the Bible, vol. 5, pp. 683ff

//// “Texts and Manuscripts of the New Testament,” Zondervan’s Pictorial

Encyclopedia of the Bible, vol. 5, pp. 697ff

//// Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism by J. H. Greenlee

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2. Protestant Biblical Interpretation by Bernard Ramm

3. Linguistics and Bible Interpretation by Peter Cotterell and Max Turner

4. Literary Approaches to Biblical Interpretation by Tremper Longman III

5. Exegetical Fallacies by D. A. Carson

6. Plowshares and Pruning Hooks by D. Brent Sandy

7. A Basic Guide to Interpreting the Bible by Robert H. Stein

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How to read the Bible for All its Worth by Gordon Fee and Doug Stuart(pp.61-77)

Gospel and Spirit: Issues in the New Testament Hermeneutics by Gordon Fee.

Hard Sayings of the Bible by Walter C. Kaiser,(pp. 613-616, 665-667)

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'ZLiâä~HÈg;å)@*g](tzòtZëì(X—ƒÔZÅ;5é XWGCÂxc*6,z"{ÐZog÷X!*ªÃ1%Š,X ii

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áy»Z:t].h+Z�ÛZŠ6,7ƒ@*XX5Cðc*ù]Æn¯g~îg6,g›¿ªCÙ™,X!*ªÆD»Ñ[6'×ZàZ™**ìZzgßÍVÃ iv

}.ZÅ!*Š÷á„Æn»g™**ìX

XXXXiiii{{{{óóóóffffggggZZZZùùùùÅÅÅÅZZZZqqqq----ÉÉÉÉzzzz„„„„1111XXXX!!!!****ªªªªZ³XF,À™äÆ¿Ã'

i. J. Beekman and J. Callow, Translating the Word of God

ii. Eugene Nida, God's Word in Man,s Language(William Carey. N.D.)

iii. Sakae Kubo and Walter Specht , So Many Version (Zondervan, 1983)

iv. F. F. Bruce, The Book and Parchments (Revell, 1963)

[XZôm,~!*ªÅ@*gõi. F. F. Bruce, The English Bible: A History of Translation From the Earliest Versions to the

New English Bible (Oxford, 1970)

ii. Ira Maurice Price, The Ancestry of Our English Bible (Harper, 1956)

2222XXXXïïïï¾¾¾¾§§§§bbbbÅÅÅÅYYYYññññi. Walter J. Clarke, How to Use New Testament Greek Study (Lozeaux Bro, 1983)

ii. F.W.Danker, Multipurpose Tools for Bible Study (Concordia, 1970)

iii. R.T.France, A Bibliographic Guide to New Testament Research (JSOT Press, 1979)

iv. D.W. Scholer, A Basic Bibliographic Guide for New Testament Exegesis (Eerdmans, 1973)

3333XXXXDDDDZZZZ‘‘‘‘i. James Braga, How to Study the Bible (Multnomah, 1982)

ii. Gordon Fee and Doughlas Stuart, How to read the Bible For all its Worth (Zondervan, 1982)

iii. Richard Mayhue, How to Interpret the Bible for Yourself (Moody, 1986)

iv. J. Robertson McQuilkin, Understanding and Applying the Bible (Moody, 1983)

v. A. Berkeley Mickelsen, Interpreting the Bible (Eerdmans, 1963)

vi. John MacArthur, Jr., Rediscovering Expository Preaching (Word, 1992)

vii. Bruce Corley, Steve Lemke, and Grant Lovejoy, Biblical Hermeneutics (Broadman and

Holman, 1996)

viii. Robert Stein, A Basic Guide to Interpreting the Bible

4444XXXX!!!!****""""5555ÐÐÐÐööööJJJJEEEEÂÂÂÂ1111VVVV»»»»ããããCCCCŠŠŠŠ~~~~¬¬¬¬ggggssssZ³X6,Z**Ç**)

1. R. K. Harrison, Introduction to the Old Testament (Eerdmans, 1969)

2. William Sanford LaSor, David Allen Hubbard and Frederic Wm. Bush, Old Testament

Survey (Eerdmans, 1982)

3. Edward J. Young, An Introduction to the Old Testament (Eerdmans, 1949) 4. T. Arnold and

Bryan E. Beyer, Encountering the Old Testament (Baker, 1998)

5. Peter C. Craigie, The Old Testament: Its Background, Growth and Context (Abingdon,

1990)

[X*Ç**)1. Donald Guthrie, New Testament Introduction (IVP, 1970)

2. Bruce M. Metzger, The New Testament: Its Background, Growth and Content (Abingdon,

1965)

3. D. A. Carson, Douglas J. Moo, and Leon Morris, An Introduction to the New Testament

(Zondervan 1992)

4. Walter A. Elwell and Robert W. Yarbrough, Encountering the New Testament (Baker 1998)

5. Robert H. Gundry, A Survey of the New Testament (Zondervan, 1994)

5555XXXX!!!!****ªªªªÆÆÆÆZZZZ¨KKKKeeeebbbbcccc****ZZZZzzzzgggg]]]]

1. M. Tenney, ed., The Zondervan Pictorial Bible Encyclopedia, 5 vols. (Zondervan, 1976)

2. G. A. Buttrick, ed., The Interpreter’s Dictionary of the Bible and Supplement, 5 vols.

(Abingdon, 1962-1977)

3. Geoffrey W. Bromiley, ed., The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia, 5 vols., rev. ed.

(Eerdmans, 1979-1987)

4. Joel B. Green, Scot McKnight and J. Howard Marshall editors, Dictionary of Jesus and the

Gospels (IVP, 1992)

5. Gerald F. Hawthorne, Ralph P. Martin and Daniel G. Reid editors, Dictionary of Paul and His

Letters (IVP, 1993)

6. David Noel Freedman, ed., The Anchor Bible Dictionary, 6 vols. (Doubleday, 1992)

6666XXXX····§§§§Z³X6,Z**Ç**)

1. D. J. Wiseman, ed., The Tyndale Old Testament Commentaries (InterVarsity, 1970)

2. A Study Guide Commentary Series (Zondervan, 1977)

3. R. K. Harrison, ed., The New International Commentary (Eerdmans, 1976) 4. Frank E.

Gaebelein, ed., The Expositor’s Bible Commentary (Zondervan, 1958)

5. Bob Utley, www.freebiblecommentary.org

[X*Ç**)1. R. V. G. Tasker, ed., The Tyndale New Testament Commentaries (Eerdmans, 1959)

2. A Study Guide Commentary Series (Zondervan, 1977)

3. Frank E. Gaebelein, The Expositor’s Bible Commentary (Zondervan, 1958)

4. The New International Commentary (Eerdmans, 1976)

5. Bob Utley, www.freebiblecommentary.org

7777XXXXŠŠŠŠ____····Z³X6,Z**Ç**)

1. Robert B. Girdlestone, Synonyms of the Old Testament (Eerdmans, 1897) 2. Aaron Pick,

Dictionary of Old Testament Words (Kregel, 1977)

3. R. Laird Harris, Gleason L. Archer, Jr. and Bruce K. Waltke, Theological Wordbook of the

Old Testament (Moody, 1980)

4. William A. Van Gemeren, editor, Dictionary of Old Testament Theology and Exegesis, 5

vols. (Zondervan, 1997)

[X*Ç**)1. A. T. Robertson, Word Pictures in the New Testament (Broadman, 1930)

2. M. R. Vincent, Word Studies in the New Testament (MacDonald, 1888)

3. W. E. Vine, Vine’s Expository Dictionary of New Testament Words (Revell, 1968)

4. William Barclay, A New Testament Wordbook, (SCM, 1955)

5. , More New Testament Words (Harper, 1958)

6. C. Brown, et. al., The New Dictionary of New Testament Theology, 5 vols. (Zondervan,

1975-1979)

`XZÅ;5é XWGC1. Alan Richardson, ed., A Theological Word Book of the Bible (MacMillan, 1950)

2. Everett F. Harrison, ed., Baker’s Dictionary of Theology (Baker, 1975)

8888XXXXppppDDDDFFFF,,,,KKKKMMMMZ³XgzZc*]

1. Adolf Deissman, Light From the Ancient East (Baker, 1978)

2. Roland de Vaux, Ancient Israel, 2 vols. (McGraw-Hill, 1961)

3. James M. Freeman, Manners and Customs of the Bible (Logos, 1972)

4. Fred H. Wright, Manners and Customs of Bible Lands (Moody, 1953)

5. Jack Finegan, Light From the Ancient Past, 2 vols. (Princeton University Press, 1974)

6. Victor H. Matthews, Manners and Customs in the Bible (Hendrickson, 1988)

[X@*g]Ã1. John Bright, A History of Israel (Westminster, 1981)

2. D. J. Wiseman, ed., Peoples of Old Testament Times (Oxford, 1973)

3. P. R. Ackroyd and C. F. Evans, ed., The Cambridge History of the Bible, vol. 1 (Cambridge,

1970)

`X*Ç**)1. Adolf Deissmann, Light From the Ancient East (Baker, 1978)

2. F. F. Bruce, New Testament History (Doubleday, 1969)

3. Edwin M. Yamauchi, Harper’s World of the New Testament (Harper and Row, 1981)

4. Alfred Edersheim, The Life and Times of Jesus the Messiah (Eerdmans, 1971)

5. A. N. Sherwin-White, Roman Society and Roman Law in the New Testament (Oxford, 1963)

6. J. W. Shepard, The Christ of the Gospels (Eerdmans, 1939)

ŠXDZsU*gc*]1. Jack Finegan, Light From the Ancient Past, 2 vols. (Princeton University Press, 1946)

2. H. T. Vos, Archaeology of Bible Lands (Moody, 1977)

3. Edwin M. Yamauchi, The Stones and the Scriptures (Holman, 1972)

4. K. A. Kitchen, Ancient Orient and the Old Testament (InterVarsity Press, 1966)

5. John H. Walton, Ancient Israelite Literature in Its Cultural Context (Zondervan, 1989)

{X'ZB1. C. F. Pfeiffer and H. F. Vos, The Wycliffe Historical Geography of Bible Lands (Moody, 1967)

2. Barry J. Beitzel, The Moody Atlas of Bible Lands (Moody, 1985)

3. Thomas V. Brisco ed., Holman Bible Atlas (Broadman and Holman, 1998)

9999XXXXZZZZÅÅÅÅ;;;;5555éééé XXXXWWWWGGGG]]]]Z³X6,Z**Ç**)

1. A. B. Davidson, The Theology of the Old Testament (Clark, 1904)

2. Edmond Jacob, Theology of the Old Testament (Harper & Row, 1958)

3. Walter C. Kaiser, Toward an Old Testament Theology (Zondervan, 1978)

4. Paul R. House, Old Testament Theology (IVP, 1998)

[X*Ç**)1. Donald Guthrie, New Testament Theology (InterVarsity, 1981)

2. George Eldon Ladd, A Theology of the New Testament (Eerdmans, 1974)

3. Frank Stagg, New Testament Theology (Broadman, 1962)

4. Donald G. Bloesch, Essentials of Evangelical Theology, vol. 2 (Harper & Row, 1978)

`X7g~!*ªlk1. Geerhardus Vos, Biblical Theology (Eerdmans, 1948)

2. L. Berkhof, Systematic Theology (Eerdmans, 1939)

3. H. Orton Wiley, Christian Theology (Beacon Hill Press, 1940) 4. Millard J. Erickson,

Christian Theology, 2nd ed. (Baker, 1998)

ŠŠŠŠXXXXoooo{{{{XXXX@@@@****gggg]]]]îîîîgggg6666,,,,úúúú0000****ääääzzzzZZZZÑÑÑÑ1. L. Berkhof, The History of Christian Doctrines (Baker, 1975)

2. Justo L. Gonzales, A History of Christian Thought, vol. 1 (Abingdon, 1970)

00001111XXXXDDDDŠŠŠŠÃÃÃÃ»»»»ŠŠŠŠ++++1. Norman Geisler, Christian Apologetics (Baker, 1976)

2. Bernard Ramm, Varieties of Christian Apologetics (Baker, 1962)

3. J. B. Phillips, Your God Is Too Small (MacMillan, 1953)

4. C. S. Lewis, Mere Christianity (MacMillan, 1978)

5. Colin Brown, ed., History, Criticism and Faith (InterVarsity, 1976)

6. F. F. Bruce, Answers to Questions (Zondervan, 1972)

7. Walter C. Kaiser Jr., Peter H. Davids, F. F. Bruce and Manfred T. Brauch, Hard Sayings of

the Bible (IVP, 1996)

!!!!****""""5555ÐÐÐÐööööJJJJEEEEZZZZ‹‹‹‹ZZZZŸŸŸŸ]]]] 11111111XXXX

A. F. F. Bruce, Questions and Answers

B. Gleason L. Archer, Encyclopedia of Bible Difficulties (Zondervan, 1982)

C. Norman Geisler and Thomas Howe, When Critics Ask (Victor, 1992)

D. Walter C., Kaiser, Jr., Peter H. Davids, F. F. Bruce and Manfred F.

Baruch, Hard Sayings of the Bible (IVP, 1996) and More Hard Sayings of

the Bible

22221111XXXX————WWWWA. Bruce M. Metzger, The Text of the New Testament, Its Transmission,

Corruption and Restoration (Oxford, 1964)

B. J. Harold Greenlee, Introduction to New Testament Textual Criticism

(Eerdmans, 1964)

C. Bruce M. Metzger, A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament,

(United Bible Societies.)

33331111XXXX]]]]Z³XÇP)‡Zã(

1. Francis Brown, S. R. Driver, and Charles A. Briggs, Hebrew and English

Lexicon, (Clarendon Press, 1951)

2. Bruce Einspahr, Index to Brown, Driver and Briggs Hebrew Lexicon

3. Benjamin Davidson, Analytical Hebrew and Chaldee Lexicon (MacDonald)

4. Ludwig Koehler and Walter Baumgartner, The Hebrew and Aramaic

Lexicon of the Old Testament, 2 vols.

[XÇ].h+)-**ã(1. Walter Bauer, William F. Arndt, F. Wilbur Gingrich and Frederick W.

Danker, A Greek-English Lexicon (University of Chicago Press, 1979)

2. Johannes P. Louw and Eugene A. Nida, eds., Greek-English Lexicon, 2

vols. (United Bible Societies, 1989)

3. James Hope Moulton and George Milligan, The Vocabulary of the Greek

Testament (Eerdmans, 1974)

4. William D. Mounce, The Analytical Lexicon to the Greek New Testament

(Zondervan, 1993)

44441111XXXXŠŠŠŠzzzz!!!!****gggg{{{{÷÷÷÷ááááùùùù::::ƒƒƒƒääääzzzzZZZZààààÔÔÔÔZZZZEEEEwwww””””{{{{ZZZZzzzzgggggggg¬¬¬¬îîîîµµµµ3333ïïïï NNNNGGGGEEEEÅÅÅÅyyyyhhhh++++ZZZZgggg~~~~ÆÆÆÆnnnnŠŠŠŠøøøø7777[[[[zzzzdddd$$$$‚‚‚‚QQQQ

A. www.Christianbooks.com

B. www.Half.com

C. www.Overstock.com

D. www.Alibris.com

E. www.Amazon.com

F. www.BakerBooksRetain.com

G. www.ChristianUsedBooks.net

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Friberg, Barbara and Timothy. Analytical Greek New Testament. Grand

Rapids: Baker, 1988.

Marshall, Alfred. Interlinear Greek-English New Testament. Grand

Rapids: Zondervan, 1976.

Mounce, William D. The Analytical Lexicon to the Greek New Testament.

Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 1993.

Summers, Ray. Essentials of New Testament Greek. Nashville:

Broadman, 1950.

Academically accredited Koine Greek correspondence courses are

available through Moody Bible Institute in Chicago, IL.

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1. A Guide to Biblical Prophecy by Carl E. Armerding and W. Ward Gasque

2. How to Read the Bible for All Its Worth by Gordon Fee and Douglas Stuart

3. My Servants the Prophets by Edward J. Young

4. Plowshares and Pruning Hooks: Rethinking the Language of Biblical Prophecy and Apocalyptic

by D. Brent Sandy

5. Cracking the Old Testament Code, D. Brent Sandy and Ronald L. Giese, Jr.

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A Poem

It cannot mean what it never meant

I’ve etched that on my brain.

And when I study Scripture

I echo that refrain.

I’ve studied hermeneutics and exegesis too,

So, as a consequence of this

I’ve somewhat changed my view.

I’ve learned some nomenclature

too lengthy to define

like cultural relativity and textual design.

There is so much I want to know,

How to ferret out the truth.

I hope someday that I’ll become a

Bible-reading sleuth.

A new respect has taken me, for God’s own holy word

inspiring me to know the truth, to hear as it was heard.

But I know I must remember,

I stepped through an open door,

and never can return again to where I was before.

(Pat Bergeron 0*^',¤/zy)11/27/91