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Get the Lead Out!Paint Retailers Survey
A collaborative project between GVSU/KCON
and Calvin College Department of Nursing
Principal Investigators
Jean Martin,
GVSU Kirkhof College of Nursing
Bethany Gordon,
Calvin College Department of Nursing
Purpose of the study
Assess knowledge of paint retailers regarding lead safe work practices (LSWP)
Evaluate inventory of products and display of information for LSWP
Groundwork for future engagement of retail industry.
Significance of the study
Elevated blood lead levels are a significant risk for many children in Kent County.
The primary cause of lead poisoning in the United States is known to be the deteriorating lead-based paint and lead dust found in pre-1978 housing and in industrialized areas.
Significance of the study
Distressed housing increases the risk of childhood lead poisoning. Likewise, repair without using LSWP can increase the risk.
Employing specific simple skills (LSWP) can ensure that lead dust levels in the household environment do not become unsafe.
Significance of the study
Paint retailers have a unique and significant opportunity to educate both professionals and consumers about childhood lead poisoning and LSWP.
LSWP can add to the retailer’s profits while simultaneously providing a public service.
Methods
Sample– Convenience sample– 40 retailers serving high risk
neighborhoods
Methods
Data collection procedure– Approval to conduct study
Contacting paint retailers– Telephone script
Scheduling data collectionCollecting data– Script – Survey
Methods
Instrument: Paint Retailers Survey– Interview– 23 items
• Products and information• Lead safe work practices supplies• Staff training• Customer
Methods
Data analysis– Level of retailers’ knowledge regarding lead
safe work practices (LSWP)– Inventory of products for LSWP– Display of information on LSWP
Reporting of data– Aggregate data only– No comparisons by neighborhood or type of
store
Methods
Risks– Social harm– Economic harm
Benefits– Increased awareness of paint lead risks to children– Increased knowledge of LSWP– Safer environment for children
Protection of Human Subjects
Human subjects review (IRB) approvalConsent form to be read by participantContents– Who
• GVSU• Calvin • GTLO collaborative
– Purpose of study – Participants
• 40 retailers will be asked to participate• Participation is voluntary
Protection of Human Subjects
Consent form contents– What is being agreed to
• Respond to questions related to LSWP• Inventory of products and display information
– What I will get out of participating• Movie pass• Name entered into drawing
Protection of Human Subjects
Consent form contentsI understand that– This is a research study– My privacy and confidentiality will be protected (data
storage)– No names on survey– No names used in reports– Participation is voluntary– Can withdraw at any time– Contacts for more information
Obtain signature of participant
Participants
40 retailers invited to participate• 3 declined to participate (7.5%)• 3 completed survey but did not sign consent form so
surveys were not used (7.5%)• 1 signed the consent but did not complete the survey
(2.5%)• 1 unable to contact (2.5%)
32 surveys included in analysis (80.0%)
Instrument
8 items related to productsSample item “EPA Blue Book Protect Your Family from Lead in Your Home”Response options– Not available– Available upon request– Available among merchandise– Available at service counter– Available at checkout– Offered at checkout– Provided to every customer at checkout
Instrument
3 items related to LSWP suppliesSample item “6ml plastic sheeting”Response options– Store does not carry– Displayed elsewhere in store– Displayed in paint aisle/department– Displayed in paint aisle/department with
LSWP sign
Instrument
6 items related to staff/staff training
Sample items – How many employees have completed 8-
hour HUD/EPA Lead Safety for Remodeling, Repair and Painting?
– Do employees have access to a sample copy of EPA Blue Book Protect Your Family from Lead in Your Home?
Instrument
6 items related to customer educationSample item– Does the staff ask shoppers if they live in pre-1978
housing?
Response options– Never– Occasionally (<50% of the time)– Usually (>50% of time)– Always
Instrument
Retailers were asked if the information was available in Spanish
Surveyors observed if products and supplies were displayed
Responses at a higher level than the ‘best practice’ response were counted as correct
Retailer Response: Products
Not AvailBy
request In storeService counter
Check-out
Offered at checkout
Every customer
EPA blue book
17 5 7 2 0 0 1
Green field guide
29 2 1 0 0 0 0
Community resources
23 4 1 2 1 0 0
LSWP training
31 0 0 1 0 0 0
HEPA rental 28 3 1 0 0 0 0
LeadCheck swab
17 4 11 0 0 0 0
‘‘best best practice’practice’
Retailer Response: Supplies
Store does not carry
Displayed elsewhere
Displayed in paint
aisle
Displayed w/LSWP
sign
4ml plastic
5 10 16 0
6ml plastic
11 9 11 0
Spray bottles
2 22 7 0
‘‘best best practice’practice’
Retailer Responses
Product information: best practices– 34.4% (11) had LeadCheck swabs or similar
product available among merchandise– 12.5% (4) had pamphlets other than EPA Blue Book
or EPA/HUD/CDC Green Field guide available– 53.1% (17) had no product information available
Supplies– 62.5% (20) stocked 6ml plastic (11 in paint aisle)– 90.7% (29) stocked spray bottles (7 in paint aisle)
Retailer Responses
Staff training– 59.4% (19) had no staff trained in LSWP (8-
hour HUD/EPA Lead Safety for Remodeling, Repair and Painting; NPCA online training; or another Lead Safety training)
Staff access to LSWP information– 40.6% (13) have access to EPA Blue Book
Protect Your Family from Lead in Your Home– 7.5% (3) have access to EPA/HUD/CDC Green
Field Guide Lead Paint Safety
Retailer Responses
Customer Education– 65.6% (21) never ask if shoppers live in pre-1978
housing [34% ask occasionally]– 71.0% (23) never ask if there is a child under age
six in the home– 59.4% (19) never tell customers to work wet– 53.1% (17) never tell customers the importance
of LSWP when working with pre-1978 windows
Summary of Responses
1 retailer had 9 ‘best practice’ responses
1 retailer had 8 ‘best practice’ responses
1 retailer had 4 ‘best practice’ responses
5 retailers had 3 ‘best practice’ responses
6 retailers had 2 ‘best practice’ responses
5 retailers had 1 ‘best practice’ response
13 retailers - no ‘best practice’ response (40.6%)
Next Steps & Future Direction
Disseminate information
Develop educational programs on LSWP for retailers and customers
Build sustainable collaborations and projects
Eliminate childhood lead poisoning
Paul HaanProject Coordinator
Healthy Homes Coalition of West Michiganwww.healthyhomescoalition.org
email: [email protected]: 616.734.9443
Questions & Answers