Geosynthetics Quick Reference Guide

GEOSYNTHETICS

®

TenCate Geosynthetics the global leader in geosynthetics

Mirafi® brand products are a specific, engineered response to a

specific problem: how to enable landforms to withstand the most severe and erosive forces of nature, with the minimal use of natural resources.

Through engineering and research that span more than 50 years, Ten-Cate Geosynthetics has created the most diverse line of geosynthetic

fabrics available from any single source on the planet.

Geosynthetics are an economical solution to problems that otherwise could only be solved through drastic, expensive methods.

TenCate’s Geosynthetic Functions Include:

Function Description Function Description

Saturated 1

RS580i

RS580i

RS580i 1

RS580i RS280i

RS580i RS280i

The placement of a flexible, porous geotextile between dissimilar material so that the integrity and intended functions of both materials remain intact or are improved.

The synergistic improvement of a total system’s strength created by the introduction of a rein-forcing geosynthetic (that is good in tension) into a soil and/or aggregate system (that is good in compression but poor in tension).

The ability of a geosynthetic to restrain lateral movement from a soil or aggregate through fric-tion or mechanical interlock.

The equilibrium soil-to-geotextile system that allows for adequate movement of a liquid across the plane of the geotextile with limited soil loss over the service lifetime of the application.

The equilibrium soil-to-geotextile system that allows for adequate movement of a liquid across the plane of the geotextile over the service life-time of the application.

The ability to move a liquid through soil-geotextile system by capillary action, neither relying on gravity nor a positive hydraulic gradient.

The use of an erosion control blanket (ECB) or turf reinforcement mat (TRM) to protect the soil surface and prevent soil particles from being detached by rainfall, flowing water, or wind.

Adhering two different surfaces or materials using an adhesive substrate.

The use of a coating to create an impervious surface.

The use of a geosynthetic to protect other geosynthetics against damage.

The stress reduction from a geosynthetic while the system is in a state of constant deformation or load.

The synergistic improvement of a total system’ strength created by the introduction of a rein-forcing geosynthetic (that is good in tension) into a soil and/or aggregate system (that is good in compression but poor in tension).

SEPARATION

ADHESIVEBONDING

SOILREINFORCEMENT

SEALINGCONFINEMENT

PROTECTIONFILTRATION

STRESS RELIEF

EROSIONPROTECTION

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONTenCate Mirafi® RSi-Series geosynthetics are woven geotextiles comprised of high tenacity poly propylene yarns. Mirafi® RSi woven geosynthetics provide tensile strength at 5% strain up to 4,920 lbs/ft (718 kN/m) (cross machine direction) per ASTM D4595. Mirafi® RSi-Series woven high-performance polypro-pylene geotextiles combine the 5 key properties for superior integration: modulus, separation, confinement, water flow and product identification.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Modulus. Separation. Confinement. Water flow. Product iden-

tification. Superior integration*.

• Reinforcement Strength. Higher tensile modulus properties than the leading stabilization products.

• Separation and Filtration. Unique double layer construction provides an excellent separation factor with superior filtration and drainage. Uniform openings provide consistent filtration

and flow characteristics of a fine to coarse sand layer.

APPLICATIONS• Subgrade Stabilization for road and rail construction

• Base Course Reinforcement for paved roads

• Stabilization/Reinforcement for subgrade and base course in all paved and unpaved roadway and railway construction

Mirafi® RSi-Series

PROPERTIES Test Method Units RS280i RS380i RS580i

Strength Patent pendingPatent #8,333,220 Patent #8,598,054

Tensile Strength @ 2% Strain (CD) ASTM D4595lbs/ft

(kN/m)960

(14.0)1200 (17.5)

1800 (26.3)

Tensile Strength @ 5% Strain (CD) ASTM D4595lbs/ft

(kN/m)2100 (30.6)

2580 (37.6)

4380(63.9)

Hydraulic

Flow Rate4 ASTM D4491gal/min/ft2

(l/min/m2)70

(2852)75

(3056)75

(3056)

Permittivity4 ASTM D4491 sec-1 0.9 0.9 1.0

Soil Retention

Apparent Opening Size (AOS)1 ASTM D4751 U.S. Sieve (mm) 40 (0.425) 40 (0.425) 40 (0.425)

Pore Size 050 ASTM D6767 microns 1963 1853 1853

Pore Size 095 ASTM D6767 microns 3453 3653 3503

Soil Interaction

Interaction Coefficient2 ASTM D5321 — 0.894 0.894 0.94

Factory Seam Strength4 ASTM D4884 lbs/ft (kN/m) 2400 (35.0) 2700 (39.4) 3000 (43.8)

UV Resistance (at 500 hours4) ASTM D4355 % strength retained 90 90 90

NOTE: All Mechanical Properties and Hydraulic Properties shown are Minimum Average Roll Values (MARV). MD: Machine Direction, CD: Cross-Machine Direction1 ASTM D4751: AOS is a Maximum Opening Diameter Value2 Interaction Coefficient value is for sand or gravel based on testing conducted by SGI Testing Services.3 Typical Values4 Minimum Test Value* Integration refers to the overall set of described characteristics based on a review of technical specifications for comparable products published by their respective manufacturers. Individual characteristics of these products vary and may meet, exceed, or fall below one or more of the above described individual characteristics.

Breakthrough Research: TenCate Mirafi® Geosynthetics Outperforms Others in Independent Full-Scale Study.

Roadway Reinforcement

SEPARATIONCONFINEMENT FILTRATION

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONMirafi® H2Ri woven geosynthetic is a revolutionary wicking geosynthetic created from super high-tenacity polypropylene filaments and patented wicking filaments formed into an innovative weave to provide superior reinforcement strength and soil interaction integrated with high soil retention and wicking capabilities.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Moisture Management System. Special hydrophilic and

hygroscopic fibers that provides a continuous moisture man-agement system through the plane of the geosynthetic.

• Reinforcement Strength. Higher tensile modulus properties than conventional geotextile products.

• Separation and Filtration. Unique double layer construction provides an excellent separation factor with superior filtration and drainage.

APPLICATIONS• Pavement Modulus Improvement

• Base Course Reinforcement/Subgrade Stabilization

• Frost Heave/Frost Boils Mitigation

• Expansive Clay Soils

Mirafi® H2Ri

PROPERTIES (MARV) Test Method Units H2Ri

Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV)

Strength

Wide Width Tensile (CD) ASTM D4595lbs/ft

(kN/m)5280(77.0)

Wide Width Tensile @ 2% Strain (CD) ASTM D4595lbs/ft

(kN/m)1080(15.8)

Minimum Roll Value

Hydraulic

Permittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 0.40

Flow Rate ASTM D4491gal/min/ft2

(l/min/m2)30

(1222)

Soil Retention

Apparent Opening Size (AOS)1 ASTM D4751 U.S. Sieve (mm) 40 (0.43)

Typical Roll Value

Pore Size 050 ASTM D6767 microns 85

Pore Size 095 ASTM D6767 microns 195

Minimum Test Value

Wet Front Movement1 (24 minutes) ASTM C15592 inches 6.0vertical direction

Wet Front Movement1 (983 minutes) ASTM C15592 inches 73.3horizontal direction

1 ‘STP’: Standard Temperature and Pressure2 Modified

Roadway Reinforcement with Moisture Management

SEPARATIONCONFINEMENT FILTRATION

Patent #’s 8,070,395 7,874,767

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONMirafi® MPG is a multi-axial composite paving grid interlayer comprised of a lightweight polypropylene fabric reinforced with continuous filament fiberglass, mechanically fastened in the machine, cross and bias angle directions. Mirafi® MPG paving grids are designed for highly distressed pavement conditions and in addition, the material provides a moisture barrier against further moisture intrusion. The lightweight polypropylene fabric requires less asphalt tack, saving on installation costs without compromising performance. MPG4 is a multi-axial paving grid with balanced tensile strength.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Reinforcement. Provides high tensile strength at low

strain rates (< 3%).

• Cost effectiveness. Suitable for full width overlay, local patch and joint repair.

• Sealing. Asphalt saturated paving fabric reduces water intrusion into pavement structure.

• Longevity. Maintenance intervals are considerably extended.

• Stress relief. Retards crack propagation from the old surface to the new overlay.

• Adhesive bonding. Provides uniform bonding between old and new asphalt layers.

• Installation. Easily installed with conventional equipment.

• Recycling. Can be milled without problem.

APPLICATIONS• Highways

• Urban Streets

• Airports

• Bridge Decks

• Parking Lots

• Shopping Centers

Mirafi® MPG

PROPERTIES Test Method Units MPG100 MPG4

Average Roll Value

Tensile Strength @ 0º ASTM D6637 lbs/in (kN/m) 655 (115) 459 (80)

Tensile Strength @ 90º Method A lbs/in (kN/m) 655 (115) 459 (80)

Tensile Strength @ 45º modified 459 (80)

Tensile Strength @ -45º 459 (80)

Tensile Elongation % < 3 < 3

Melting PointASTM D276

Fº (Cº)

Glass filaments are incombustible and temperature resistant up to 752º (400º)

Glass by Weight % 77.4 85

Mass/Unit AreaASTM D5261

oz/yd2(g/m2)

20.0(678)

16.6 (563)

Minimum Test Value

Asphalt RetentionASTM D6140

gal/yd2(l/m2)

0.27 (1.2)

0.17(0.8)

NOTE: Tensile strength values refer to strength of the glass filaments.

Pavement Solutions

SEALING STRESS RELIEFADHESIVEBONDING

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONMirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles are geotextiles comprised of polypropylene staple fibers. Mirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles pro-vide excellent physical and hydraulic properties, specifically high flow rates with small opening sizes.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Construction. Mirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene

geotextiles easily conform to the ground or trench surface for trouble-free installation.

• Strength. Mirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotex-tiles withstand severe installation stresses with high puncture and burst resistance.

• Filtration. High permeability properties provide high water flow rates while providing excellent filtration properties.

• Environmental. Mirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles are chemically stable in a wide range of aggres-sive environments.

• Cost effective. Mirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles provide economical solutions to many civil engi-neering applications including a cost-effective alternative to graded-aggregate filters.

APPLICATIONSMirafi® N-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles are used in a wide variety of applications including filtration, drainage, and separation applications.

• Lightweight nonwovens are predominantly used for subsur-face drainage applications along highways, within embank-ments, under airfields, and athletic fields. For these drainage structures to be effective, they must have a properly designed protective filter.

• Heavyweight nonwovens are used in critical subsurface drainage systems, soil separation, permanent erosion control, where high installation stresses are expected. These geotex-tiles provide the required strength and abrasion resistance to withstand installation and application stresses to create an effective, long-term solution.

Mirafi® N-SeriesDrainage & Filtration

SEPARATIONFILTRATION

PROPERTIESTest

MethodUnits 140NL 140NC 140N 160N 170N 180N 1100N 1120N 1160N

Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV)

Grab Tensile StrengthASTM D4632

lbs (N)

90 (401)

100 (445)

120 (534)

160 (712)

180 (801)

205 (912)

250 (1113)

300 (1335)

380 (1691)

Grab Tensile ElongationASTM D4632

% 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Trapezoid Tear StrengthASTM D4533

lbs (N)

40 (178)

45 (200)

50 (223)

60 (267)

75 (334)

80 (356)

100 (445)

115 (512)

140 (623)

CBR Puncture StrengthASTM D6241

lbs (N)

250 (1113)

250 (1113)

310 (1380) 410 (1825) 450 (2003)500

(2224)700

(3115)800

(3560)1025 (4561)

Maximum Opening Size

Apparent Opening SizeASTM D4751

US Sieve (mm)

50 (0.30)

70 (0.212)

70 (0.212)

70 (0.212)

70 (0.212)

80 (0.18)

100 (0.15)

100 (0.15)

100 (0.15)

Minimum Roll Value

PermittivityASTM D4491

sec-1 2.0 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.4 0.8 0.8 0.7

Flow RateASTM D4491

gal/min/ft2 (l/min/m2)

145 (5907)

140 (5704) 135 (5500) 110 (4481) 105 (4278)95

(3870)75

(3056)65

(2648)50

(2037)

Minimum Test Value

UV Resistance (at 500 hrs)ASTM D4355

% strength 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70 70

Mirafi® S-Series Protection with Drainage & Filtration

SEPARATIONFILTRATION

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONMirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles are geotextiles comprised of polypropylene staple fibers. Mirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles provide excellent physical and hydraulic properties in addition to cushioning and protection.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Construction. Mirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene

geotextiles are flexible for trouble-free installation.

• Strength. Mirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotex-tiles withstand severe installation stresses with high puncture and burst resistance.

• Filtration. High permeability properties provide high water flow rates while providing excellent filtration properties.

• Environmental. Mirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles are chemically stable in a wide range of aggres-sive environments.

• Cost effective. Mirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene

geotextiles provide economical solutions to many civil engi-neering applications including a cost-effective alternative to graded-aggregate filters.

APPLICATIONSMirafi® S-Series nonwoven polypropylene geotextiles are used primarily for cushioning and protection.

• Manufactured to a minimum weight and thickness properties, S-Series nonwovens are primarily used in Environmental Applications

PROPERTIESTest

MethodUnits S600 S800 S1000 S1200 S1600 S2400 S3200

Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV)

Grab Tensile Strength ASTM D4632lbs (N)

170 (757)

230 (1024)

270 (1202)

320 (1424)

425 (1891)

500 (2225)

830 (3694)

Grab Tensile Elongation ASTM D4632 % 50 50 50 50 50 50 50

Trapezoid Tear Strength ASTM D4533lbs (N)

70 (312)

95 (423)

105 (467)

125 (556)

155 (690)

200 (890)

300 (1335)

CBR Puncture Strength ASTM D6241lbs (N)

450 (2003)

600 (2670)

725 (3226)

900 (4005)

1200 (5340)

1800 (8010)

2200 (9790)

Maximum Opening Size

Apparent Opening Size ASTM D4751 US Sieve (mm)80

(0.18)100

(0.15)100

(0.15)100 (0.15

100 (0.15)

100 (0.15)

100 (0.15)

Minimum Roll Value

Permittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 1.5 1.4 1.2 0.9 0.7 - -

Flow Rate ASTM D4491gal/min/ft2 (l/

min/m2)110

(4481)110 (4481) 85 (3463) 65 (2648) 50 (2037) - -

Minimum Test Value

UV Resistance (at 500 hrs) ASTM D4355 % strength 80 80 80 80 80 70 80

PROTECTION

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONMirafi® FW-Series woven monofilament polypropylene geotex-tiles are woven fabrics of monofilament and multifilament yarn construction which are highly UV stabilized. Mirafi® FW-Se-ries woven monofilament polypropylene geotextiles have high strengths for durability and survivability; consistent, measurable pore sizes; and high percent open area for long-term clogging resistance and high flow rates. Mirafi® FW-Series woven mono-filament polypropylene geotextiles are manufactured with highly specialized processes to produce unique physical and hydraulic properties not possible with standard geotextiles, woven or nonwoven.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Filtration. Resists clogging while maintaining flow rate in

high gradient and dynamic flow conditions. Exhibits high percent open area.

• Strength. High survivability rating in aggressive installation and loading conditions such as back dumping of large rip rap

or underwater placement.

• Performance. Resistant to chemicals in aggressive landfill environments. Highly uniform opening size (AOS). Maintains high long-term flow rates.

APPLICATIONS• Underneath rip rap or concrete revetment systems along

inland waterways and coastal shorelines.

• Underneath armor systems; protecting spillways and embank-ment dams from overtopping flow.

• Encapsulating cut-off drains and collection systems surround-ing landfills, within dams, and adjacent to roadways and other critical structures.

• Encapsulating leachate collection systems under landfills while maintaining long-term clogging resistance.

• Encapsulating edge drains for critical structures in problematic soils.

Mirafi® FW-SeriesDrainage & Filtration

SEPARATIONFILTRATIONEROSION

PROTECTION

PROPERTIES Test Method Units FW300 FW402 FW403 FW404 FW5001 FW700

Minimum Average Roll Value (MARV)

Grab Tensile Strength (MD) ASTM D4632lbs

(N)

400

(1780)

365

(1624)

425

(1891)

400

(1780)

375

(1669)

370

(1647)

Grab Tensile Strength (CD) ASTM D4632lbs

(N)

335

(1491)

200

(890)

350

(1558)

320

(1402)

375

(1669)

250

(1113)

Grab Tensile Elongation (MD/CD) ASTM D4632 % 20/15 24/10 21/21 15/15 15/8 15/15

Trapezoid Tear Strength (MD) ASTM D4533lbs

(N)

145

(645)

115

(512)

145

(645)

150

(668)

120

(534)

100

(445)

Trapezoid Tear Strength (CD) ASTM D4533lbs

(N)

125

(556)

75

(334)

125

(556)

165

(734)

120

(534)

60

(267)

CBR Puncture Strength ASTM D6241lbs

(N)

1250

(5563)

675

(3004)

1340

(5963)

1150

(5118)

1200

(5340)

950

(4228)

Maximum Opening Size

Apparent Opening Size ASTM D4751US Sieve

(mm)

30

(0.60)

40

(0.425)

40

(0.425)

40

(0.425)

50

(0.30)

70

(0.212)

Minimum Roll Value

Permittivity ASTM D4491 sec-1 1.50 2.1 0.96 0.90 0.20 0.28

Flow Rate ASTM D4491gal/min/ft2

(l/min/m2)

115

(4685)

145

(5907)

70

(2852)

70

(2852)

15

(611)

18

(733)

NOTE: MD: Machine Direction, CD: Cross Direction1Cross direction yarns are slit film.

XT DESCRIPTIONMiragrid® XT uniaxial geogrids are high strength, high tenacity, high molecular weight polyester geogrids.Miragrid® XT uniaxial geogrids are woven and then coated with a polymer coating to provide dimen-sional stability, with a full range of tensile strengths to meet the most demanding appli-cations of soil reinforcement.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• NTPEP Evaluated

• No Recoiling

• Flexible and Tough

• Lightweight

• Cost Effective

• Easy Handling

• Wide Rolls

• Custom Fabrication of Rolls

• High Long Term Design Strengths (LTDS)

APPLICATIONSApplications where a long term design strength (LTDS) is necessary for the stability of the structure are ideal applications where Miragrid® XT uniaxial geogrids can be used, including:

• MSE Walls

• Steep Reinforced Slopes

• Reinforcement in Landfill Applications

• Embankments

MIRAMESH® DESCRIPTIONMiramesh® GR is an open mesh, biaxial geosynthetic designed specifically to be a face wrap material for steepened slope applications. Miramesh® SG combines the biaxial geo-synthetic with synthetic grass green fibers to produce a finished grass face without the need for vegetation.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS• Vegetation Support

• Strength

• Color

• Highly Flexible

• UV Stability

• Vegetated Face

APPLICATIONSMiramesh® provides surface erosion protection and secondary reinforcement. The erosion pro-tection facilitates establishment of vegetation and provides structural support for the forming of over-steepened slopes.

• Slopes: Vegetated & Wrapped Face

• Walls: Permanent & Temporary

Retaining Walls & Slopes

SOILREINFORCEMENT

EROSIONPROTECTION

Miragrid® XT Uniaxial Geogrid

PROPERTIES Test Method Units 2XT* 3XT 5XT 7XT 8XT 10XT 20XT 22XT 24XT

Wide Width Tensile Strength @ Ultimate (MD)

ASTM D6637

lbs/ft (kN/m)

2000 (29.2)

3500 (51.1)

4700 (68.6)

5900 (86.1)

7400 (108.0)

9500 (138.6)

13705 (200)

20559 (300)

27415 (400)

Creep Reduced Strength (MD)

ASTM D5262

lbs/ft (kN/m)

1379 (20.1)

2414 (35.2)

3241 (47.3)

4069 (59.4)

5103 (74.5)

6552 (95.6)

9452 (137.9)

14179 (206.9)

18907 (275.9)

Long Term Design Strength (MD)

GRI-GG4(b) (sand, silt, clay)

lbs/ft (kN/m)

1194 (17.4)

2090 (30.5)

2806 (40.9)

3523 (51.4)

4419 (64.5)

5672 (82.8)

8183 (119.4)

12276 (179.1)

16370 (238.8)

NOTE: All Mechanical Properties and Hydraulic Properties shown are Minimum Average Roll Values (MARV). MD: Machine Direction, CD: Cross-Machine Direction

*Miragrid® 2XT is biaxial. All other Miragrid® XT geogrids are uniaxial.

PROPERTIES Test Method Units GR TR

(Patent#7,740,420)

Tensile Strength @ Ultimate (MD/CD)

ASTM D4595

lbs/ft (kN/m)

1440/1733 (21.0/25.3)

2100/2100 (30.6/30.6)

Creep Reduced Strength (MD)

ASTM D5262

lbs/ft (kN/m)

471 (6.9)

686 (10.0)

Long Term Allowable Design Load (MD)

GRI GT-7 (sand, silt, clay)

lbs/ft (kN/m)

407 (5.9)

594 (8.7)

Aperture Size (MD) in (mm) 0.08 (2) 0.08 (2)Life Expectancy See Note2 years 75 25Product Application Color Long -term/Green Temporary/Black

NOTE: Values shown are minimum average roll values. 2 Extrapolated from the average half life based on ASTM D7238 (QUV). Data also found on Mirafi® UV Durability Tech Note.

PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONTenCate specifically developed the Mirafi® CR-Series of high- performance products for the pond capping market, including coal ash impoundments. These thoroughly engineered products allow clay or geomembrane installation, as well as construction access roads, over ponds, and sludge in the efficient, cost effec-tive techniques.

FEATURES AND BENEFITS

• Efficiency. Engineered seams allow for efficient installa-tion of large geotextile panels with extremely high seam strengths to create a stable capping system.

• Safety. Quickly and safely facilitates the complete closure of sludge impoundments and ponds.

• Porous. Allows water to pass through to relieve pore pressure.

• Separation. Contains fine-grained sludge material, and separates sludge from clean fill above.

APPLICATIONS• High-Performance Geosynthetics for Ash (CCR) Pond Capping,

including Pond Capping

Pond/Sludge Capping

SOILREINFORCEMENT

Mirafi® CR-Series

PROPERTIESTest

MethodUnits CR220 CR 330 CR 440

Wide Width Tensile Strength

Strength @ Ultimate (MD/CD)ASTM

D4595

lbs/ft

(kN/m)

4800/4800

(70.0/70.0)

7740/5820

(113/85)

7200/10620

(105/78.8)

Strength @ 5% Strain (MD/CD)ASTM

D4595

lbs/ft

(kN/m)

2400/2700

(35.0/39.4)

3960/5280

(58/77)

1500/5400

(21.9/78.8)

CBR PunctureASTM

D6241

lbs

(N))

2000

(8900)

2500

(11125)

2700

(12015)

Flow RateASTM

D5262

lbs/ft

(kN/m)

2880

(42.0)

4320

(63.0)

6170

(90.0)

Pore Size 095 ASTM D6767 microns 555 720 577

Pore Size 050 ASTM D6767 microns 340 360 265

Apparent Opening Size (AOS) ASTM D4751U.S. Sieve

(mm)

30

(0.60)

20

(0.85)

30

(0.60)

Factory Sewn Seam ASTM D4884lbs/ft

(kN/m)

3000

(43.8)

3600

(52.5)

5652

(82.5)

UV Resistance (at 500 hours) ASTM D4355% strength

retained80 80 85

NOTE: All Mechanical Properties and Hydraulic Properties shown are Minimum Average Roll Values (MARV).

365 South Holland DrivePendergrass, GA 30567

Tel +1 706 693 2226www.tencategeo.us

TenCate develops and produces materials that increase performance, reduce costs and enable people to achieve what was once unachievable. Our goal is to contribute significantly to progress in the industries in which we work.

TenCate Geosynthetics Americas assumes no liability for the accuracy or completeness of this information or for the ultimate use by the purchaser. Ten-Cate Geosynthetics Americas disclaims any and all express, implied, or statutory standards, warranties or guarantees, including without limitation any implied warranty as to merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose or arising from a course of dealing or usage of trade as to any equipment, materi-als, or information furnished herewith. This document should not be construed as engineering advice.