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Georgia began as a Trustee Colony with its original charter in 1732.
The Trustee Period lasted from 1733 to 1752.
Plans for City of
Savannah
King had ultimate authority
Trustees made regulations which had to be obeyed by colonists
King George II
All lands between
the Altamaha and
Savannah Rivers
west to the Pacific
Ocean
Boundaries in original charter
Original colonists were given 50 acres of land
Colonists who could afford to pay their way
to Georgia were given 500 acres
Mulberry Tree
The original settlers were all Protestants
Within a short period of time, Georgia also had Jewish settlers
Christ Church in Savannah
John Wesley
Aside from original settlers who came on The Anne, many new settlers arrived during the Trustee Period:
Salzburgers
Moravians
Highland Scots
Malcontents
Originated in Salzburg, Germany
Came to Georgia because they were expelled from Catholic Germany for being Protestant
Settled in Ebenezer
Relocated to New Ebenezer because of issue with the original land
Opposed to slavery
New Ebenezer
Came to Georgia from Scotland
Settled in Darien, Georgia
Rebuilt Fort King George
Opposed to slavery
Fort King George
Mainly composed of Scottish settlers near Savannah
Arrived in Georgia by paying their own way, so they did not feel the same loyalty to James Oglethorpe
Objected to three trustee rules: Limits on land ownership Law against slavery Law against rum
Felt these laws limited their ability to earn money Cover of official
protest
In 1739, war broke out between England and Spain
This gave Oglethorpe a good reason to invade Florida which was controlled by Spain
2000 men (mainly Native Americans and settlers from GA & SC) fought to take over Spanish forts in Florida
War of Jenkin’s Ear
Not much progress was made until July 1742 in the Battle of Bloody Marsh
In this battle, Highland Scots assisted Oglethorpe’s forces. This surprise attack caught the Spanish forces off guard and was the beginning of a safe southern frontier for the British.
Battle of Bloody Marsh
The Spanish eventually left the area for good after a
note was sent to a British deserter warning of an
impending attack by arriving ships. The arriving
ships were actually trading ships, but the Spanish
thought they would be outnumbered and gave up.
John Reynolds – (1754-1757) first Royal Governor
(ineffective)
Henry Ellis – (1757-1760) second Royal Governor
(established foundation for government)
James Wright – (1760-1782) third Royal Governor
(efficient and popular)
King appointed Governor &
Council
There was a bi-cameral legislature
set up to represent the original
parishes in GA
Parish is a church and
government
Parishes
After the French & Indian
War, (1763) the southern
boundary was set to the St.
Mary’s River & the western
boundary was set at the
Mississippi River
Determined right to vote
To vote, settlers had to own 50 acres
Determined right to hold office
To be in office, settlers had to own 500 acres
January 1, 1751 – Slavery was allowed because the colonists were frustrated by the success of their neighbors to the north who were becoming prosperous under slavery
Slave ship
Once slavery was allowed, Puritans from South Carolina arrived in Georgia in 1752 and settled in Midway, just southwest of Savannah.
Colonial officials granted the Puritans large land grants because the large population would serve as a defensive buffer against the Creek Indians.