CHAPTER 1Geography, History, and the

Social Sciences

FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

LocationExactLatitude and longitude

29°N/99°WRelativeRelated to another point

West of Houston, TX

FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

Place Physical featuresClimate, soil, bodies of water

MS River Human featuresBuildings and transportation

Square, Ole Miss, Sardis Lake

FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

Human and Environment Interaction

AdaptingPlanting cropsChangingDams and drilling for oil

FIVE THEMES OF GEOGRAPHY

Movement People, goods, and ideas

moveExchanges take place

Regions Unifying characteristicsSouth shares food, culture, climate

MAPS Map-drawing of the Earth’s surface

Special purpose mapsPhysical map-mountain ranges, bodies of water

Political map-boundaries, cities, capitals

MAPS

Thematic maps-deals with specific topics or THEMES

Population-# of people

Economic-$$$Battle-battles in wars

PHYSICAL REGIONSPacific CoastWestern most region of North America

Rocky MountainsFrom AK through western US

PHYSICAL REGIONS Interior PlainsCentral USBetween Rockies and

AppalachiansAppalachian Mountains

From Canada through eastern US

PHYSICAL REGIONS

Coastal PlainsEastern most region

Place where Europeans first settled

US RIVERS

MS and MO RiversLongest systemImportant for transportation

US CLIMATES Marine Pacific NW Warm summers; cool winters

Mediterranean CA Mild, wet winters Hot, dry summers

US CLIMATESDesert, Highland, and

SteppeMuch of the Western US

Humid ContinentalCentral Plains and NEMild summers and cold winters

US CLIMATES

Humid SubtropicalSE USWarm and regular rainfall

TropicalFL and HI

US CLIMATES

Tundra and Subarctic

AKCold, harsh climate

SOURCES

Primary source-first hand account

EX: __________Secondary source-secondhand account

EX: _________

EVALUATING EVIDENCE

Is the source authentic?Genuine or fake?

Is it reliable?Does it give an accurate account of the event?

Is there bias?Political preferences, culture, past experiences

STUDYING THE PAST

We can better understand those who came before us.

We are linked to the past.

We will be tomorrow’s history.

THREE ECONOMIC QUESTIONS

All societies must answer three economic questions

What goods and services should we produce?

How should we produce goods and services?

For whom should we produce goods and services?

FREE ENTERPRISE SYSTEM

What is two benefits of owning a business in a free

enterprise system?

SOCIAL SCIENCES

How do social sciences help us to better study history?

History combined with other social

sciences gives us a more complete picture of the past.