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1 Geocells – An Innovative Approach to Capping Sediments in High‐Energy Sandy Sediment Environments Battelle: 2019 Sediments Conference Todd Konechne

Geocells–An Innovative Approach to Capping Sediments in

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Geocells –An Innovative Approach to Capping Sediments in High‐EnergySandy Sediment EnvironmentsBattelle: 2019 Sediments Conference  Todd Konechne

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Outline

1.Background

2.Innovative Capping Alternative

3.Cap Design & Installation

4.Performance

5.Lessons Learned

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• Tittabawassee River– From Midland to confluence with Saginaw River (24 miles)

• Saginaw River– From confluence to Saginaw Bay (22 miles)

• Saginaw Bay

• Presentation focuses onTittabawassee River

Background: Site LocationSaginaw Bay

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Background: Past Waste Disposal Practices; Dioxin and Furan Contamination • Dow operations, starting circa 1900

• Discharges to the River in the early 20thcentury contained graphitic carbon particles from chloralkali processes

• Unknown at the time, particles contained chlorinated dibenzofurans (furans)

• The graphitic carbon particles mixed with river sediments and moved downstream and eposited in certain areas

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Innovative Capping Alternative

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Innovative Capping Alternative• A new capping technology was trialed to address the Sediment Management Areas (SMAs)

• A Geoweb® product was used to create a geocell system to stabilize the sediments

• The geocells takes advantage of natural processes to isolate underlying deposits, protecting them from erosion

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Innovative Capping Alternative‐Natural Deposition Cap

• The Tittabawassee River sediments are predominantly sand and gravel with a active bedload

• The bedload moves down river at a high rate

• Bedload sediments become trapped in the geocells to form a natural cap

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Cap Design & Installation

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• A 6” deep by 8” open cell Geoweb® product is used

• Multiple geocell panels (8’ x 26’) are attached together to obtain the overall desired size 

• The entire system is installed by hand– pea‐stone filled bags anchor the geocellsystem

– Tendons laced through the geocellsprovide additional anchoring 

Cap Design & Installation

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Cap Design & Installation

• Around the perimeter of the geocell, rebar is used to anchor the edge of the system

• Natural stone is also place around the perimeter to create a protective transition  (2 to 4.0 inch diameter stone)  

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SMA Boundary

Geocell Panels

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Tendon Spools

Rebar

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Peastone Filled Bags

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Performance

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Performance

• As of the end of 2018, approximately 130,000 square feet (3 acres) of geocel cap has been installed– First geocell cap was piloted in 2010– 7 SMAs have used the natural deposition cap remedy

• The geocells fill quickly completing the cap system shortly after installation

• Cap monitoring occurs routinely and after high flow events– The caps have proven extremely resilient to high‐flow events and erosion

– Geocell caps remained stable after the 2nd largest flood on record in June 2017

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Lessons Learned

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Lessons Learned• To increase stakeholder acceptance a 

pilot study was conducted on this technology

• Much of the installation is performed by hand– Labor intensive– Most caps have taken only a few days to install

• Requires a small footprint– Staging area and access to the river are minimal

– Accommodates difficult River access situations

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Lessons Learned• Water depth is a consideration for implementation 

• River systems with an active bedload are likely most suitable for this technology

• Geocell caps are cost effective

• The stabilized sediments support aquatic vegetation providing habitat diversity

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Acknowledgements:

Mary Logan – Project Coordinator  EPA

Al Taylor – Project Coordinator MDEQ

Chris Bowen – Construction Manager

Kristin S. Bell – Ramboll

Scott Hayter ‐ Ramboll