POSTER PRESENTATION Open Access Genetic variability and high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant strains among vertically infected children in São Paulo, Brazil Ana Carolina Soares de Oliveira * , Antonio Charlys da Costa, Vanessa Pouza Martinez, Maria Teresa Maidana, Giret Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Ester Cerdeira Sabino Esper, Georges Kallas, Sabri Saeed Sanabani From 17th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID) Marseille, France. 23-25 May 2012 Introduction The enormous genetic variability of human immunodefi- ciency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continues to present a major challenge for vaccine design and frustrate efforts to halt the epidemic. A proper understanding of this phenom- enon is a prerequisite for proper epidemiology, genetic diagnosis, and successful drugs and vaccines. In this study, we undertook a detailed molecular epidemiological investi- gation on HIV-1 vertically-infected children born from 1993 to 2008 in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. Material and methods HIV-1 proviral DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 48 participants. The near full- length genomic (NFLG) and partial fragments were determined by overlapping nested PCR and direct sequencing. The data were phylogenetically analyzed. Results Of the 48 samples (median age 11.8 years, range 4-20.6 years) studied, 3 (6.2%) NFLGs and 39 (81.2%) partial fragments were successfully subtyped. Of the successfully subtyped sequences, 20 (47.6%) were subtype B sequences, 17 (40.4%) BF1 recombinants, and 5 (11.9%) subclade F1. Two of the partial BF1 chimeric isolates shared an identi- cal recombination structure. Predictions of viral tropism using the computer program geno2pheno [co receptor] for phenotype prediction were determined for 15 subjects. X4 or X4 dual or mixed-tropic viruses were seen in 3 (20%) of participants and the V3 sequences of 12 patient virus strains (80%) were predicted to be R5-tropic virus. Conclusions Our data provided evidence of unexpectedly high proportion of BF1 recombinants viruses transmitted from the first mother-to-child since the earliest days of the epidemic to the present time in Brazil. These findings offers additional insights to understanding the diversity of HIV-1 strains currently circulating in Brazil, with future implica- tions for diagnosis, therapy, and efficient vaccine development. Published: 25 May 2012 doi:10.1186/1742-4690-9-S1-P4 Cite this article as: Soares de Oliveira et al.: Genetic variability and high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant strains among vertically infected children in São Paulo, Brazil. Retrovirology 2012 9(Suppl 1):P4. Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of: • Convenient online submission • Thorough peer review • No space constraints or color ﬁgure charges • Immediate publication on acceptance • Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar • Research which is freely available for redistribution Submit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit * Correspondence: [email protected] São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil Soares de Oliveira et al. Retrovirology 2012, 9(Suppl 1):P4 http://www.retrovirology.com/content/9/S1/P4 © 2012 Soares de Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Genetic variability and high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant strains among vertically infected children in S�o Paulo, Brazil

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Page 1: Genetic variability and high proportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant strains among vertically infected children in S�o Paulo, Brazil

POSTER PRESENTATION Open Access

Genetic variability and high proportion of HIV-1BF1 recombinant strains among verticallyinfected children in São Paulo, BrazilAna Carolina Soares de Oliveira*, Antonio Charlys da Costa, Vanessa Pouza Martinez, Maria Teresa Maidana,Giret Regina Celia de Menezes Succi, Ester Cerdeira Sabino Esper, Georges Kallas, Sabri Saeed Sanabani

From 17th International Symposium on HIV and Emerging Infectious Diseases (ISHEID)Marseille, France. 23-25 May 2012

IntroductionThe enormous genetic variability of human immunodefi-ciency virus type 1 (HIV-1) continues to present a majorchallenge for vaccine design and frustrate efforts to haltthe epidemic. A proper understanding of this phenom-enon is a prerequisite for proper epidemiology, geneticdiagnosis, and successful drugs and vaccines. In this study,we undertook a detailed molecular epidemiological investi-gation on HIV-1 vertically-infected children born from1993 to 2008 in the state of São Paulo, Brazil.

Material and methodsHIV-1 proviral DNA was extracted from the peripheralblood mononuclear cells of 48 participants. The near full-length genomic (NFLG) and partial fragments were deter-mined by overlapping nested PCR and direct sequencing.The data were phylogenetically analyzed.

ResultsOf the 48 samples (median age 11.8 years, range 4-20.6years) studied, 3 (6.2%) NFLGs and 39 (81.2%) partial frag-ments were successfully subtyped. Of the successfully sub-typed sequences, 20 (47.6%) were subtype B sequences, 17(40.4%) BF1 recombinants, and 5 (11.9%) subclade F1.Two of the partial BF1 chimeric isolates shared an identi-cal recombination structure. Predictions of viral tropismusing the computer program geno2pheno [co receptor]for phenotype prediction were determined for 15 subjects.X4 or X4 dual or mixed-tropic viruses were seen in 3(20%) of participants and the V3 sequences of 12 patientvirus strains (80%) were predicted to be R5-tropic virus.

ConclusionsOur data provided evidence of unexpectedly high propor-tion of BF1 recombinants viruses transmitted from thefirst mother-to-child since the earliest days of the epi-demic to the present time in Brazil. These findings offersadditional insights to understanding the diversity of HIV-1strains currently circulating in Brazil, with future implica-tions for diagnosis, therapy, and efficient vaccinedevelopment.

Published: 25 May 2012

doi:10.1186/1742-4690-9-S1-P4Cite this article as: Soares de Oliveira et al.: Genetic variability and highproportion of HIV-1 BF1 recombinant strains among vertically infectedchildren in São Paulo, Brazil. Retrovirology 2012 9(Suppl 1):P4.

Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Centraland take full advantage of:

• Convenient online submission

• Thorough peer review

• No space constraints or color figure charges

• Immediate publication on acceptance

• Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar

• Research which is freely available for redistribution

Submit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit* Correspondence: [email protected]

São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil

Soares de Oliveira et al. Retrovirology 2012, 9(Suppl 1):P4http://www.retrovirology.com/content/9/S1/P4

© 2012 Soares de Oliveira et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the CreativeCommons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, andreproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

mailto:[email protected]

http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0