Genetic Connectivity of Pelagic Fishes

(Katsuwonus pelamis and Scomberomorus

commerson) across the Indo-West Pacific

Alexis Jackson Alexis Jackson 1,1, Paul Barber Paul Barber 22

1. Yale University 2. Boston University, MBL1. Yale University 2. Boston University, MBL

Species of StudySpecies of Study

Katsuwonus pelamis

Scomberomorus commerson

Katsuwonus pelamis

°° °°

Katsuwonus pelamis

Scomberomorus commerson

Biogeography of Indo-West Pacific

Regional genetic differentiation of Linckia

laevigata

Collection Sites

ObjectivesObjectives

1. Investigate population structure of pelagic fishes in IWP

2. Investigate population dynamics of pelagic fish

HypothesesHypotheses1. Fishes not affected by Pleistocene

2. Limited flow to Indian and Pacific

3. K. pelamis different from Scomberomorus

MethodsMethods•Sample Size: 241

– Scomberomorus commerson (76)– Katsuwonus pelamis (165)

•Extraction Method: Chelex•PCR•ABI 377•Statistical Analysis: PAUP,

Arlequin

K. pelamis

Population Pairwise FSTs

Katsuwonus pelamisNSU NSU 2 YAP BAK JAY ACE HLM MNK RAJ SOL SOL 2

Bitung Fish

Market, N.

Sulawesi

(NSU)

0

Manado Fish Market, N. Sulawesi

(NSU2)

0.0557 0

Yapen (YAP)

0.014 0.00691 0

Biak (BAK)

0.04751 0.01359 -0.01466 0

Jayapura (JAY)

0.03538 0.02506 -0.00452 0.00828 0

Aceh (ACE)

0.00978 -0.01526 -0.01566 -0.00483 -0.00005 0

Halmahera (HLM)

0.02056 -0.00105 -0.01175 0.01468 0.01479 -0.02039 0

Manokwari (MNK)

0.00017 0.01711 -0.00244 -0.0052 0.00286 0.00355 0.00533 0

Raja Ampat (RAJ)

0.0168 0.0184 -0.03871 0.0087 -0.02969 -0.02253 -0.01867 -0.02626 0

Honiara Fish Market, Solomon Islands (SOL)

-0.02194 -0.0122 -0.02828 -0.01109 0.00709 -0.01679 -0.02522 -0.00565 -0.03554 0

Honiara Fish Market, Solomon Islands

(SOL2)

0.00234 0.01934 -0.01814 0.00469 0.02315 0.0072 -0.00665 -0.00056 -0.04747 -0.00497 0

Population Pairwise FSTs

Katsuwonus pelamis Yapen

(YAP)0 0 0

Biak (BAK)

0 0 0 0

Jayapura (JAY)

0 0 0 0 0

Aceh (ACE)

0 0 0 0 0 0

Halmahera (HLM)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Manokwari (MNK)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Raja Ampat (RAJ)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Honiara Fish Market, Solomon Islands (SOL)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Honiara Fish Market, Solomon Islands

(SOL2)

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

AMOVA Analysis

Source of Variation Sum of

squares

Percentage of

variation

Within populations 1817.585 100.41Total: 1926.898

d.f Variance

components

Among populations 10 109.313 -0.04790 Va -0.41

156 11.65119 Vb166 11.60328

Katsuwonus pelamis

Fixation Index F ST: -0.00413 Va and FST : P(rand. value > obs. value) = P(rand. value >= obs. value) = 0.73079+ -0.00423

S. commerson

Population Pairwise FSTs

Scomberomorus commerson

TK RAJ HLM JAV FLR Teluk Cenderwasih (TK)

0.00000

Raja Ampat (RAJ)

-0.02883 0.00000

Halmahera (HLM)

0.00037 -0.00935 0.00000

Java (JAV) 0.46706 *** 0.48210 *** 0.34412*** 0.00000 Flores (FLR) 0.11832 °° 0.12575 °° 0.12828 °° 0.51204 *** 0.00000

° (p<.05), °° (p<.01) ** *(p<.001)

AMOVA AnalysisScomberomorus commerson

Source of Variation

Sum of squares Percentage of variation

Among groups 68.135 4.71Among populations w/in groups

171.926 24.77

Within populations 525.768 70.51Total: 765.829

d.f Variance components

1 0.51681 Va

75 10.96525

6 2.71656 Vb

68 7.73188 Vc

Fixation Index F ST: 0.29487 Vc and FST : P(rand. value < obs. value) = 0.000001

Molecular Diversity Molecular Diversity IndicesIndicesK. pelamis

Population N Haplotype Diversity Nucleotide Diversity ?s

Bitung Fish Market, N. Sulawesi (NI) 4 1 0.035381 15.36Manado Fish Market, N. Sulawesi (NI) 14 1 0.062973 29.5585 Yapen (P) 13 1 0.056235 26.1235Biak (P) 13 1 0.053996 21.397 Aceh (WI) 16 1 0.052144 24.1403Halmahera (EI) 22 1 0.060361 25.3683 Manokwari (P) 20 1 0.054636 25.0864Raja Ampat (P) 19 1 0.059946 24.0336Honiara Fish Market, Solomon Islands 15 1 0.06513 27.3715

23.5839Honiara Fish Market, Solomon Islands 14 1 0.060709

Molecular Diversity Molecular Diversity IndicesIndices

S. commersonPopulation N Haplotype Diversity Nucleotide Diversity ?s

N. Sulawesi 1 1 - 0Jayapura 1 1 - 0 Teluk Cenderwasih 15 1 0.041503 11.6867Raja Ampat 10 1 0.032571 14.8464 Aceh 1 1 - 0Halmahera 13 1 0.047426 18.0458 Java 15 1 0.041425 16.915Flores 20 1 0.02887 14.0935

ConclusionsConclusions• Panmixia not a phenomenon for

S. commerson in IWP

• Boundaries for pelagic fish

• Commercial significance

AcknowledgementsAcknowledgementsMany thanks to the following:Many thanks to the following:• Paul BarberPaul Barber• Elizabeth JonesElizabeth Jones• Josh DrewJosh Drew• Eric CrandallEric Crandall• Timery DeBoerTimery DeBoer• Matthew SubiaMatthew Subia• Krystle ChavarriaKrystle Chavarria• Jeannie ChoiJeannie Choi• National Science Foundation National Science Foundation

and The Diversity Projectand The Diversity Project