GENERAL TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PO T.

Ohaptol'. IVr n. P. e.

VU. Education .... .,. Vlll. Langu g I.' 67

IX. Birthplace ... 10

x. e,mO, !l'rioo .and U80 +7

Xl. Occu ration. .•• ~ 9

XI1. Adml ni tration ... s ......

Appendix ... i

1

• nbje •

CBA T;'B IX.

M1GRATIO .

M irlO ' I.-h\'l! DU(..'IQli.Y,

I:StA l'iS OS.

... t bi rtl).})lnc

... ... ...

..

.,.

... ...

.. " ~. ·1

... .., ... .. .._ .. ,. ...

of • ch district am ng the differen\ ... 'nce ... p co ... . "

... ..... '" eh 1 of birthplaco

the to () Oonsus ul n ....

f In Indiu . . " . f"l'ODl Aaia beyond India from op ... • .. {rum other ItartAi of t'he 0)."1

o. r:I~.

lot 05

105 105

[)

05 on

109 1:10 110

10 11

IiI 11 11 III 111 . 112 12

112 Itl IIi 1 S 111 11 I1S

1.15 1140 14

114 1 4. lUi 1 6

1 119 110 120 no 1ill l.I6 1_ 127 U7 127

... lIb' ct. ~": r !-~

-- ,

4.36 '1

488 489

o • 1 <642

3 4-44 + -~ .47 US

9 .00

I ~c."rro

1 P.rOp4 rt'on of the ex ... )1" vinci 1 proport'on ...

Proportions of the Hex sam ~ 'X llrOporlion in t:l.oh .01 Indi~J1o proportions Immigrant proportions

roRT • 0 n .En:s.

... ··c

lWTlO 1 .-INl:ERl"BL>vl Cf.i\1. 1 RA'UON.

Both oxos ..• Ab ;r ~t showing g in or loss by i 1\ erpl'ovincilll mlgJ tion

Ion figul'-El for . h BoX... • •• • •• • ••

'ION V.-MIG .ATIO DE OND TIm I'noV[NV.E.

province

C TE, TRI K AND BAC

BEOrl '1.-

regarding ea e

GroupiJlg of stea b pol,ulation ••• Territorial dimih ti 11, &c., of . ch c at A ricuttlU'al c ... Profeaa onal claus .•. .•. • .•

...

Commcnda1 olae .. • •• • • •• Artizan nd villag mental claBa .... • •• V grant minor .t:i,; n8 and parl'ormCTs &c. D.ao 8nd Nationaliti ...'

AR S.

Sex pr p . on in each outs. &e... .... . ..

~ .. . ..

Se pro rUo III castes 'With pol1ulation of 100,000 nd ov r in CompaniOu with 188J ... ••. ••• . .•

•

• P .. 4 .. \

. ..

. ..

... ah •.

_M 132 102

. il J3

1

15..J 153 1.5.5 160

&7 6 5

15 161

6

No. of Para,

.EGllON 11 1.-I

+'S' Stn.ti t;j os 482 S X pr port1on

4<83 Errol in 1'a r<

4H4 OCCU t" 01:1 ca 1'01 n ' 4Uo Dlpari On with other

,.., , ,

vli

lSubjl ,

)II D

It.ur

PTER ... ..

) UNI TH.A.T ON.

rA 'r I.-ENU .E~RAT ON.

Appqi trn ut Pl'OvinCl 1 uJerintende.ut 1 elp from the ,ansus of 'I 8 ..• • ••

thor difficulti. I

blic notipc:l . n f tho ..J n8 I

Proviou E.lIlumeratioll of 18 1

Ai'S ro Rou £

491 , ':. 49' 494 495

96 497 ,98 499 [)OO 601 602

" 3 5041 {j06 506 In; 60 50 610 511 lSI! 513 5141 516 616 517

o. . io ...

repal'ed

rntion

.. nd 8U )urb

...

.. ,

SEOrlO • III.-ORN UK AGENCY.

&181 Grad f the Agency 6W Agency in T wnfS •• 110 Village official. •.

, ..

11.

...

.. ~

... ...

I ().. fI

."

. ..

2 .~

a 3 a·n

629 630 53] 532 o~8 631: 635 536 587 1).3S 539 6400 5·1 5

fiGO 501 r. 2 6458 H'

· '" 1 pecial CCllSU8 establi hmentin.fila diItri Charge Superintendonts ..• ..• _ .. EnumerAtore . .. ... .., ..• I Instruction tu Enumorators .•. . ..

I Oharoctol'8 it by the enumeratorS 'upCll'vi . n durhl th wo:tl ••

PrQgr 8 Rc~)rt ••• .. lp f om oth r dcpnrtmants

... . ...

SEC'Tll)~ IV.-FoRM

.... •

8 ••• . .. --. . . ~ ...

•••

. -.

... VI. -LEOw.ATION.

· .. l1swe:nng ... ....

SEOl'lON vn.-S AL ME 't1BBB.

SECrlON Vm.-FlNAl.t Coaua.

JeD iUS c\'Qning 0" ••• • u crviei n uf final Ocnm. Accurac", of t4e final. Census

. -Testing of fiu 1 Oen.ua • e. • ••

Collectiou and despatch of boob, &C.

.. , ... -

.. '

...

.. e.-

... ... ....

... ....

• ••

. ..

... ...

_ .

~ ... ._

...

. .. .. . ... ...

.'-...

. .. •••

.... ..

NQ.'" P

846 a'5 346

46 846

47 348 868

49 o o •

361

866 86+ 865 166 866

17'lt

17 t, 17:'

) 7~J

180

Ibl

lfo.l2 lh3

184

I,'!; }' 7 188

••

lOS

¥ ., .- -

LIST OF STATEMENTS. (Part II.)

__ -----_

-- ~--- 1

It 'IT. I of th~ .. Edu(~~~1 f tllc F't'ucn~

~'lth th( ur

fIgures

aud

. nd rcH·

3M] lid GOlla

liglon

t.husc

vilh populatiull (If 10,000 and

viti, p pulation rot ""Cd! rO,llOO

'~"ntl Ib~~: I I' .'

· .. 1

oihor townSI , .. i

mbi 11 cJ ... I

Sll(lski:ngi

dI rict a~l~i

No. of l'ngtI.

5

'I' ll)

'lI 15

Hi·T

22

Q:..

4.7 l'i ·l!J·ijl

53 bb u.~

61 r~ 6~

',.' ·1

'7l 7"

70·9

,"i I H5

7

1

APT R, II.

in f ·r;ar c::, c cl nd toe I in cl . ,

28 285 236

o 11 'l'ah q Hcad·.( uartars .•• • •. JlSUS ngellcy empluyed in eac;h diatricL.

1l1Jlloycd in 1 :u icipalitics .at the •

2:\7 of nnrna'ratn}'s writlU 4) ch languago In

ach

of house

of Census

he ul s stlm di net belonging to thi

t th - t () GCllBtJ

LIST OF MAP D DIAGR

I I

, f ,. c. P LJtllstrll.ti u"" pro Li U llieti c di visi{.)fJ

15

(Part II.)

tAP.

In

DIAGRAMS.

\

r ·turned B 1 rni g ,I

1 rni

1 rni g,

Lin i tio

No. ~ 'PaRc.

o 831-2

,;~

Ul

fo8

:347 350 352

53

35 j

afiS

36~ 306

37 8f) a 2

8S~ .. 5 886-

M1

l)

18

lD

80 109 J36 l-'6 J88

CHAPTER VII.

El)lJGATION .

. Sectlon I.-PRELIMINARY REMARKS.

310.- Bcope.-Tbe stntistics ralnting to the pl'ogress of ednofltioll in tId, pl'oNincc l oulled from the Census Schodules nrc D.2CeSsnrity of a vague chal'aet.f'(

nd compriso bat. II pnlit uf this vast a.ml inlportant sUbject. Tbe 'CUSU;i

Statistics of Ell u.cn t' on bl\'\u 1,. 'U Ch1S3ifi~u unuul' tho Lhree oategol'io uf IcueH' iug, lit~nl.tld and iI1itel'ate. Fl'om t,lle fono~ ing l'xtrncts from tho illSfTlIcf ions to

enumerator tt(; the Censuses of 1881 and 1891 it is ov;donL ~Ln.t an impl'Ovtmullt

bal'\ boon effect.pd. Doe (if the subjc ,ts put. down for COIl~iuernti(ln at the (.'lmsu • Coo elence. A.gra. wa,s-A 8l1b·fiivi:"inu of Columll 11 (instruct;()ll 'I sh~}\villg

the vcrr.ln('ula r kllO\\'11 or heing Jeanl t.~ also, \\ IlCtbel' a fOl"(,jgn CIU'U lit lung-nagc l

such as .Englisb. should be sl)o~vn apart fi'om the vernl1culul'in a ~('colld sub­diyision. Again regarding tho iusirur.;,.tions l'cl tipO' t, h~ (m~l'h s jn tll cil· du]a, Llio Imperial CensL1s CU!1lmiSS1Qnel, in tho same UOOUU1€nt, bu WI \ILe­

"If thie column fOl' the I:lDtry of tbe degreo of eduoai,iol1 bo sllh-d.ivi ~dt COr res­pOIHling add thons will necf:s..,arily havo to be uddtld to I he hlf.lt I'll ,tlonli.

In' 51' 'clivo or the .abovo modilication, the raj B ao thl3Y stand 81'0 l • fi ~i!"nt in

the followiug points not.c·d by l'L'ovill iol Snpl!l'inh:mhwt·s, alHI 1m pl'(H'l,m III

Sllou1d be di.!:)Ol1sseu. Tho Clltl'Y of lllose 1 ,1 learning" \V s deficiont iu 'lIUluy

cas.es by tbl:! oUlissiou .of thoso who, though still ulIdd' iost,t:<uction. WIJI'O ablt to reau aud write; ROU in some inst.a.uco~. tho tel'lll •• luarning'~ VIlS refused tc:

those, lw weL'e not at,tending' Governmt:!llt Schools. 'l1le entry of ,. knowing"

waR applle~ in the north of ln~ i~\ to those only who weN .w:qllain {'d wi 11 tho,

l)cl"sian c1wractol', the rest being c1a"",~J HS iHitemto. 'rile u:so or abbl'o,~i. tiou

ill W!8 COhllllll \Y' S al~o pl'otllctlv of 1:"1'1'01' in abstrncliou,'~

'rh&80 misnppl'ebonsions in 1881 rtmdcrcu tho mouifion.lious in th ;nsLrue ..

tion9 regarding tho entry of lit rary "LttainmenLs Tl€CeS nl'y. '~ ,

"1881-Culunm ll--Agninst tho.o l.1Juler instruction n'T'ite ., is 1 ·arning··

{ $:~"kld(1): flga.ill st those Hot, UtHJ.er

. nstrnctdon, but kble to J"(.:ad nud wr·'e.. ellter H know.~,t (jan,ttl ) •

• ngtlinst tho, e v}IrJ ca.nnot either read

Or -, 't t Dr who ('an read but Illl""t

writ, or can sign I u t C:]llllot, l'dJ.d ..

wl'jte u doe", not now" (nnltin ;d,nta). Only thoso houl'} be howl) as alJlo

'to rood u,Ild wftQ 'W Iu) enn do bull :~

]891- oillmu 1:3. (Illstl'uclion).­., Ruter ill thi' C,vltlIIJJl::ttY i 1 t enoh

pcrsolll ~,,1 CU1C.· gt'{lWl\ up, child I)r

it.lfiult; ait.her Ic(,rning. /itt'rllte or

~{/iter(1te. 'uteI' a 1 thoso us JearrLin fr

Wl10 al'e undol' il1stt notion. eith r t

lloma or at 0[.001 (11' ooll;;:;g. Et t r

a. literate. t!.HMO wbu ,\l'u :~ble t b'il l'e..'l.U anJ. \v itc .allY )augull (.1., but r

not uuucrillstrllOLiOl) as a.uove. Enter. r s i'U~erate thos who nrc not undc ,q

4 ill1i 1.-1'1' lillliHnry llernu.iklh r hOI nt •. \'" l. .., • ~ I

, t.

---------~~--- -~ itit.'ntloll of Erluootion.

, .struction u.nd who do Dot kno '" how to 'both I' ~ad and writo, or wlLo can read but nat write, Qr cm~ Iltgn tl,o;,. own uame lnd not 'l"imd.

Ooium n 13. ( La ngunge I.", own by literate ).-,Enter borA tbe langu.\se which those sbawn 0.13 /r:'te'1'nte in Oolumn 12 can both road and writ£'. and if a porson knows how to rend and wt"ite El.lglish, uS ,'Vell s tl. Vel'Oa.~ , 011 , r. enter'" English" alHo.

This eolumu is to \)e ]E:;If't b1ank for

thoSQ shown in Col !.lYnll ) 2 ll. l.:3a.rning or illitet'ato, and exoept wbau English is known. only onl::! Jallgung she uld he aotored. that. best known.

trhe ~J hO,"f1 lJllot:at il)ll

}~ducat.ion eo!Jectt· t tI, C"~', ·t nlltlll'O of the statistics rt.lal,ing to

SII.-Education Tables.__;T e E(lucat:.ion . t Listjcs aro coutaill~, d iu lfllpcl ill.l rl'nbla IX alla l::)upplellllJlutn.r. TnLle O. Tho fo,rmm' hows tlJC inf'ol'­

)lH1.t.lon h,r "I~]igi()n f\ml age. and t.ho lottol', the litorah 'in elLch custe. tribe nr l'nce, hy lullguagc kuo~ -u. II _, his nbst,}'nction of tL~ Educaliiou lat,j",tics litlUCr tbese [pails rIPC!; sj ated double In.hoUJ', the wOt'k bavillg been Dxec·ut.eil l.Jy {I. douulu !Jot of

"'l~rk'H, IJtI '. whh all that. it 'l.llJl10t be sa.id {,hut tho resulLs are sa.tisfilotory. lOt 'f' c. id nt, tll<l t WhCJl tbo a.ge f3lat,islIlcs thf'mseh'es at'e unrdiabla, flny

i"lfoTIllS1.ioH llbBtnlCtcd on tho ba ~8 of age. lllU ott in cotlseq II 'uel) CCI ul'ily

1m 'C t.he original orawh.lck.

312.-Census Classification of Education.-TTle persons enu­merutcd at the ceusus wen! diviu<:d, as, flcen above, i-ltu t.he thr e elas<,IDs ot' leurlll'r,

literate and iIJitpTute. ~.l'hi$ clul:lsifil::tlliQfl bus not t)II'.: H!CotDruelldatiull of being

l,lenr. Thp. t'-chool~I.)(Iy in one or tbe lower forms is r't.urned as H lenrning"

while his classmaLe, wlJO recently left schoul, is retullled as litt!rate. Agaiu, the lHuleJ' gnltlUate at colh .. ge it:! 0. lcallller, and the igno 'uut villa.get, wllO ha~ j' st

1 arnt to read and write his vernucuhll' IS literate. Jt will thu be 8~en lhttt the

v'd.: IHll"j)ose with . \'hich this threefuld classificulilm is l'e801'l~d to, i$ defeated.

The sll'icl III 'aIliug that JJould he <1Ebigned to t.be term • It.'arner t is, one who is

}purr,ing to H'ml ~ll1d \WI'jto his first la1JguHg~, fur, 'Htcrate' meUUB Ollt! who

kuuwrl to T('ucl ulid wr·te. If \-ve ace 'pt Lhie sigui6catiou of the h~l'lll, it. is evident

tlmt i CuD up ,lipd only to the c.:hildrt·u in school fClI' lb fil''::it and perh.lp~ the ('cond l:eal' of tlleil' stu ics, aft (.1' which they bee me litel·ute. i.e~~ becomt

-- ~ ......... --·Ip tbe (ftlle of U.11I prQvjncQ, ('ohunr. 111 "'." anuLted '1'ro1n \b Elll.ul1o~tion Sch«1t:. • 'l'.ht> r~1I,I~UII for

au,! ,UJa8 1.111· :mocldlc.tiUlillu~ 'It [Q C ..... p e XU.

It w'n be seen from the 5tatement g' 'el bove that the ii lUes fllr­

nished by th.e Educational DCllartmen nr 8.29 ma10 JlllpHs ano 30 em.d pupils against 66,4a9 male nd 1,866 f. mal Ie. rner. re p eli rely,.tl returned

t the Cen u of lRSl. A refcrellcc '\ as mad~ to tho Director of l:)u"bli~

Jostruction illviting 111s attention to thi triking di crepancy. and. in rep)" . , hat fficer stat !\ he i U unab) to account for lh discrcl>ancics in th·

IT • II Be add&-«' No pi oper tuti tics were c mpUed in thos days ill

tl1e He~ d Office .. ano no reliabJe record. are tl crefem to be found prcvioll to th date of the reorganisation.-" In a sucC ed,n" paragr.nph e h n discu 11 c us of the di Cl cpancy J to the hest of our kuoYo lellg "' ..

The first etatt d r port on Pll lie Instruction, pllhti hed by the l.:utlu ,I l, gil' s part" cnlar u.nd statistics for he years 12!l2 and ] 293 asli (i. e., 18 2-83 and 188~ -84). FOI the purpose of n uri'! g eonect D paTt­lei nr, thos fo l~!};j Fasli (1883-C40) as .Lllled from thi report ~lre

. 'en ide by side: vjt) the cen liS figur 'g ful" J 289 (187 l - 0), in the .lItO" et· emcnt. ? ~n t1 eso, it ~ill be not d ,. pI' sent ]es tha.n ollc-8i tit the nnmber of mal pllpil, though coming up v ry uear to the number of female pupil.. r turned' t the ens 8 four years ago.

14-.-0omparison with Departmental .... tatiat os for 18in. -On ; refer~nce madt: to the DirectoT of PlItJlic In.'trllcti(ln. ill orm ti(ln r.~ ,. ,rdin~ the Depanmel tal tigur,cs for 1891 ~ r pupil wa received which 1 tnl ~d in the 1'0110 in~ st'itcmcnt with our stat'; tic :- .

har-tee ,"IL] S-'etlan L-Pr limmu~: RunnrkF.. ~-.--~-~-----.----~----

Erllwntioll.]

~

1 "'"

. M

..'! l1li

::cl

1 .r;.;

oo'l .-.J "t...~) EO ~~!! .$

I 'Iil

ii 'J:

e a ... ~ ~

(,.J -

pi _'J

:5 '" ..... ~ $

I __ ~._ .... U.,.~

a . !.l ~ 12 u "

! .. ~

i • 1:1 ~

I!J ..., .9 t::I

!J :5 ~

c st_ 8 -

------"--

~ !:) oe "§' ct1 .... ~

...-Is~ .. ~ 0'1 _

!O .... .. -v-.

:: . -: 1i

:.t:> . . i e . . . . . oj>

"CI

i ': .. ; : .

. . ..::. e-.I

.

'= . . l . .

i .

• :,'0 - ..,. ~

.." .... "'. t-

.... · :

~ .... CQ ....... "'"

! · ! .

· . .. . . '; . ! ·

7

..--~-

:t -

I

I

fJ_ ") 0<

(Chllpter ----1 • 31]j.] nd

The two sets of figtlres ror the total number of girls untler in .. true ion approach very Ilear each othe .. ~ being '3,,,", '7, .lcconlin r to he Cenf>l sand 3,Ott7 uccor ing to the Oepartmental n Tures. But in the CD~e of II ale plIlliJ. the Departmental figures at· Ie than h· Jf Oil! gures. All the pO' ible • Ul es of this and the ot1 er discrep' ucie which rIJi statemont bring to

itlJ in the ne. tIt graph.

315 -Cau es 0 discrep ncy between e Oensus an De­pa tme t 1 Sta ·stics.-ln connection with tl e d' crep' nci >, noteJ in

he I: t Jl tagr:.tph, it "'1 1 h inter slineY to di. n R the causes thut ha e l %

radon to hrjTl~ . uOllt tile diversit" J is ne dl sa to stnte thut. this • 1:.-1 one that i note I in 1l1mo~t v.!ry In liun 1 'ovincc. B1It while in

t1 er ]ntli' n pro -illc the t:lti ticg of the Edllcation J D"purtnwnt .. h , . higher fidllt, h 11 the retllrn.. II(~ contrnry is th ca~e in 11 'dcra ad. '\\'. hall, how \' r, consider the causes adduced in the c. C 0

til\.! orm r, as Of j not jmprob, hIe that the me cnu. e may ha r L en in per'ri tl in p .. oc1lJcio~ higher figure tor t1 e Edllcational Dcpnrtm Ilt tha'u

..,hat 1h y actnally • re.. l~duc: tiotl i till in 3 backward conditiOI in h s domini! n. rrlle aSSllmptl0n ma.· th refoTe be rcu.ollably maue tho th

llUl rot! malpraclice t1l It Ufl cOllllJluil f.d of in th> )jcllS'l Census

heing induced o_v th ey t"'fll of p. yment y r '. lilt • by grllTlt -in- 1&1 10

llTi~':lt "I) tilutlOI nd by re . "ds, do not • i to all • appreciable degree

in the Domiu' on •

But there aT other circum tances whid fir n t ab ent in til ir 0reTa­ion from thi Vrovinc. III many prim~ ry . nd J OT'\n tenching school t

he pupil. nrc olll}' taught to reatl. The e would not 1 a"c com ~ within th c.on LI •• 1 rlli lcation of the crill, learn 1', and wouht con. cf)llently h l\ e l)e n lllllittc 1 fro U 11 stuti, tic. thollgh they must 11<\\ e found l)iace in th· I c ... partm fit t 0JUTi;. le t ave no mean of asccr aining t.he nllt)lher~ of ncb IHlJ)jI. I)thcr 'i e we might II!' b en in a po ilion to how the true re­

I: ticlll 'hich the t ·ts of tig\lrC bear to each oth 'r, by u ducting their number from the ngure returHcd in th e dllcatiollnJ RCI"JftS. .j hen t there ar mall}" urchin. who are ent to school imply to t'e 'P them Ollt of mi chinf. They at.tend seluom unci learn little. Bllt I}cvel,thel s , their Dumber' go to

'1ell Ule Oepartm 'n tl11 figures.

Ie hHVP ne t to tuk illto Clln idCl'Rf\ u tha I uu ncy tllnt" m to pre"aiJ

hi ,.:nggernLl· th uU II nee at IIclwol ~ h. tit cho Im~ t r • h Y or , ill unle

IJl HUlce, in 11 Itahit cJ hearilig 011 lllt·ir r~gi tf'l th llames of pupil wI!) have

long iuce left school, 01'. I' 'rllll~, of i inaJ'Y pl.lt'il~ imply to ['1 e their up rior~, uy bowing a rIo! pectalJle etrew tho 'l'be hlJlding urders of tI :Zd III ,

Ec.lUCll ·uult.l Dcpal'ul1t:bt hnv fixed U UD 1 t of popU «(j)~ that i in isted on us the ini.Q1 U1 tu ju dfy d coulillUIlUCf' of a elM • "I hut lhi tendency to eARgg rat

C' ptar VI I.] ----~----~~----~------------~

.E ucatio ,] [Para . :1.

the n Jlnhet" () tlw

to tile Department i!:i I roved by •

"(n. Tile Depl1r'tment U pl'eC~\1e the hl:lhit c rtliin Tnll tt'rA huve of l'cdu ,_

i,.g t h("ir own incl>lUt' by J.)ltyincl' fe l\ for ilHli~cllt childreu, with the old '1. tlf mail!laillin~ a I'c-pe "111.10 UUlIlUCI"()U .he rolls. 'l'lti ha~ it!

iurl! in!olertill;! t-icritiou' t1allH:;S and payiug fCt!s for such.

UII ' similHr cu!'>e in rUhtrell

•

The wiele eX(.('llt r the"e domilliun

\\ hic\. place~ the!1I . -ry fill' apllt" from

and t.he l audtJ of t,h Hm-nL • of sch~ (11

aell orh r. II u :uJuill to the eli llcul ies

uf efficient sup 'l'vi~i'lH l uel in,.,p 'ctiun, c<lul'led with the cil'c'um, tance that th

\oj it~!lf rhe Iti~hl,y l"lid iw-ppcting office to these ct'nll'c of moftls it ducat',m a.-e, like :l1lg;c,1 J \li~it~J ft , \' ~ lid far bctYl een. ITla he tak~n tu mt-rlll but hi

ui:O'iplillc at the hest, Rnd this C<lll<;H mu"" therefore, bE: accepted as hltvin • mat.cJially Imd sl)mclllillg' to d,. with the <li crepant·y.

According tl. Mr. Gait, die llperintendent of Cell, u pent,ions in A am"

tllC mo_t pr JbubJe l:XpJllliutiulI of the discrepancy i. that.· thc enu lll 'r~ tion pu

a sUUlcwlmt Ktl'icr intl!rpl'dllttl)U of) til clCp,'eso.;;j l)n 'I >arning/ and omitted t 'Onl

tlli~ eat.co'ory, tile rt' lIy illiterate chil!ilcrl who Itt. nd choo1 irl't~glliurly, f'

taught lillIe. an I 'ai'll I',=,S.H "'I)'hiderin~ all the above circum lance .. M I,

D'llltl ", thll Bt:ngal C 'nSu Supel it tendcnt, ',1m to the conc1n i II thllt they OJ I'ft.ilii l}l'eSuUlpti,'n tlHlt the TcIU1'IISO of tilt! Euucational Department even wh Ii

t.hey UCCUl'<llcf ~ show the g"lInd tljtaJ uf ()'IYS altl!lIdlllg chllol t "orne period of

t',. yt:lIr, ill'luclc a \'CI')' IlIl'g , Pl'opul'[iun of' ehil,h'en \vho ate only nominally

I'('cei\'ing educali"n, If the'S4=! telllporar r I:lurt fn.,!)tly illi,enlte 01101 r wer'"

t xcludcd. there is rca, 0 ) to hink. thllt tllt-I'e WltU Id he liulo discrepallcy ut!twt.'cn

lb(; .!cpartllll.mta! and c '11'11:' solft.ti,:: '1.'s..,f ellu ~atiun."

.. l1n'ing- tl!UB ,"otl~itlt'l't'li and cllmrnPTlH:d upon ttl(' gt TH'rnl ,'UUSE!;;; tlUtt. tend to

illcr~u~' Ihe ti~llI'e of t.llt' U 'II!HLmenl or Public llistrucliou" we lI1ilY next ['t'ilet"u

a ·cc. ruill (11(' S'I' 'cial caus(·s. uI'Jlli('.lbJ~ tll l-:JydcralJud. which hll\'l} oruught

ahIJllf !:'tJ(;h a ( ,(j"it in the :b;d IH! .. :illllai Dt!IHJ,.'tlll 'IH tJ~ Ul'l!". 'rllO:>C ".cilll call (! . In.,.',, t1 us "lUllllH:'U tlP-( 1 J Priv,te "l\pit. wllo were leanJing' 1(, J't>[A,d allr' write

.,.irlwI' ill tllt .. i,' u~" hom)' ,or in pint I)" IJI'ivllte sdloul~, I) t r ' gnii>t::u by d.!

}~illl ',I iOllal l)"parllllt,"t,,-alll ~ wI. I Ie HoL of nH' t!~i~lt11h":' t'\HU ill lhe c'lpitHI,-

'",~,l .... ttll'ldly h~vc:' heen el:dud -<1 ('0111 dl<1 D..!I'" "LUH'Il tal "CfUrll .. ; (2), the ( 'I J i I I ' . I' I 'et'III1't::>ul lUll an c·, ,-or, to IUP l~c ult('.d t "',n. -- rJ I'e' ~1IJ..,ec, .:laoo s II i 19

~ 'I'.V fa.II awl ir Utlh:d at gl'(wt eli t: nc from tmdl ollwl', it 1- ,\,idelll thliL Lite

1I111l1her of pupil ... ~tt.I'l1diu~' private sch()'lll'l, viti II '~i.,t in .. Imo r C\'t-'I'Y villng • 11111 t be' COil lch'rahle:: lind muah J I'g.'" tIm .. the ,gl ... n LutHl 0 pupil- [h It itT'

.It>tlll Ht'a l1) l Ut l>.ep"lIUINlt. Th I'k: CItU ·es &41'«: elloug;h to ~':l'lltiu the dctidN! ': 1H.)tt'1 III th~ pre.ct'tlillg I)ill,.lgnq,h ,

--------"'"'---ny 1,um.um!'!'lt. Wf)N W

flo o .. lp -nntlc'. Lh WI M;'lcll~ SChoul ..... w

t"JS

10 (

17.]

Section Il.-EDUCATION S.TATISTIC ,

316.-Discussion of d cation Sta istics - w· c n e~ t prflce d t i ClIS h fi.,. Ires u. r~ urne:1 t th C II us. '1') > f. IInwinrr t ... t III .nt n-j\. ~

h. ctu 1 rrures, tal'cn Ii-om '~ bl e IX :-

S'j'ATFME~T N." ]71.

I I mal •• I

k:a.rniug 76, : I

L t rnl

.. 5:451,2bc' j 5,6 .6.)0

--------------~

lliitcra

317.-Distribution of 1.000 person of a.ch age, s nd religion among the c tegor' os of educati n.- rwther me II cl of looking at the' hove figures i. to . nside the (Jistriburio 1 ot ,0uO }Jf'l' on of

C!lcb age p riod, se . and reli g ion nmong t h hI' e catC"'ories of eel; {"ati n

name y, 1 arniug, lilerltc,. nd 'lHl rate, as dep' cted in the llbjoincd ·tate­m >nt ..

-_ .... _ --. -_ ~99 ----

~ --------------------~---~1et7 -_

]_

Par'll. 1 i .] [Ed ucntilill.

a.hov\: !;tatement the pr~.ponion" incl ICfing and c. ' eluding

chil rell uJlder .fivc yenra. arC -hown lJIulc!' ' 11 ages as ~'ell J\S iu the fil t

vgE'l> riot} -14, 11 heing' 'vid 'lIt that children Ullll~ .. five must, from the

nature of thin ~, be necess;trily illiterate, we shall ignore the pToportioll

including 1h .m, stud disclls only tlt(}~e h (. such children are "t'lU(h:ll -fr" !lC II i lel'ation, Fllrt.her, the Bhils "I' • II illiterate, and t.leGond .. lllostly

5. '1'hc!o.e I. VO COl11ulIwiti es a lso tleS('TV no notice ill cOllscquclice.

Thll , ill :111 ~gc tll l'r"r'OI i J f learning m: lell is 15, RT ,1 Hterate 6 ,

the ;Jliter.de (fU 7) mukiug' up ,UOO. The propol'tioll of lenrn it g J wle ill

lliu{ lIS is 13. :llid 11'1 the olilyone thUl falls be.}(IW the propol'tion1tJalir l'giun •

'rile MUSSlllmatl (!rllllC immediately higl.e... ith as. 'rht~(Jt,her religion . 'ce ,I

thel'.e pl'oportic I:, with figUI' (' \'ul'yrng l'f'orn 55 'lII101lg' the: 'ildiR to U.I;

~ll1long t.he P II L. In the ;case of the litcrat,e males nl,o, imilt r rd. ti prnporliOllft plevail. or 'he Hindus ( 03) Iloue fall short of the pToport,lons i n

• II religions ( 0 ). The otlt I" p roportions vllry from ~3 among If I . Illmall~

to 9 .. amol lg Ohristi a ns twd 'i -; among PCll'si. The rC\'CI'se ordcr iL f, IIllll

ill all the J'el igic")lIs in th C:l . of tI,e i Iit.c.>ratc, t he l-Jillril:S I dins wHo l2 L

(II' 7 moH.~ th:HI the Provin<!e, and the ParslS cOlllillg la~t. with 140. Th:ic

Jl"OpoJ'tbns requite a word of e ·pIllllation. The high proportions of learning

and literate found ulllong h' ].a r is i to be attributed to the fact that tlal!

~lIaj(lfitY ' ofthat comlllllllity fiHIJ}.i in the e Dominion are employed c it lJt'r

ill the H!'I vice t)t' Uovernlll£:tlt, 01 ofprivotc individuals, in posiLi'ons that Tend ' I

~l 1.; no\'\ 1 .dge to rcall .1\1 d write tl e 8irlC qua "on. Again. it is mostly tft

people that huv It'arllt; to 1 ~ad fint] WJ-itu, lind I'er"hnp ' to k eep aecollnts. ",110

lIIig-rolle in 0 thes t,errilOlic. ill "L:~lI'ch of mean of livt·Jihood. The ~H~. t

highel\t 1>1 opor t ions in t.he learning and literate are fOll l)cl among Christi lllS

'I'll, followers of t.:hi reli,rion of t.he European race ar J ('turned 'mostly a

j ,filing or literate, e.·ccpt n few pi ivateR in the Army and, pedul}) ,n few

\":I:lU ~:he Ohristlans of t.h Eurasian race also mil l 11l\'C gone to !l!wl·11 the Iuuportiolls under the.:\: two Ci h'gnri 8. But it 1S he Na.tive ('ill; tia 1:;

who forlll tIre balk of this da. 5, ;~nd who ar hilt. littlt! removed from theil'

Hil"l .. h "ctlu ell ill the tleg-fee of lihcil liL"',-ncy, th It ap )t~ur to have help,'d

t "~i~h ,10 vn the Chri. ti.LJI~ to the second p' L 'e ill the Ii: .. t. The .Jain~ iu

th lIelo:t pI. ll::, a loe mostly HaIlers nnd moncy-Iendci's who have illlmil'"1'< ted

lute) [h(! province. 'l'hc natlue of their profe,sion Ilcccssit,Hp a kilo" Ie 19',

J1 J'V\ 'ocr cl 1ll'l1htl'y, of tire art of I" >ading a_n~! writjng, 1aI~lmcicllt to uhtiuiu

th(' II a pi ce ill the C.ltcgory of the iilenlte. '1 It . ikhs (\re f(!W in numbel"

,all i th,,; "tully ( th ir aCJ'l'tl hooks wl'itt n in GUTUlUkhi being open t.o stll

without h1tillct,iul1, tlH';Y l~llhi"atc all acqllnilllRllc ~ with l.hnt langlli'lgE' both

. s r gnrd" rending and ''riting it. The Mm; ulman proportion nr hIlt

i:ghtSy highCl' th:lll the Hilldu ones, Rnll t.hi exee. houId atliO b attributed

to a r on similar tl~ that tlduce<1 in the eo tl c 2ikhs. Hiooui III com-i ~ Wl hi 1 it b 'n n . riC t) of caslt> • r nglng ti Olll the cui tureu Utah-

IS

(I ~ 7.

man, vhQ l>ids (; ir lO hold his own with dIe mo~t literate cia the 01"1cl,

to the fllllf avu'l" Hillc1,1r.cd Blul amI ond. 11 th' caSl~ l)f Ih fil' til,' e

twice~h(')rl1 cia. fie" (!dlJ(~ tion i n H·Jj010IlS duty. and it is Idoll. that a

Illel'uh(· (If 01 c of tl e. t~ CU, 'tell is fO!Jlld \'Ill) i illiTeratc. Buc.the t! C

)rlll but Do rna)! minorit ~ of lJindlls. Tn the. e do not app r to follow their religiolJ' inj IIlCli~)lI, a th l ~.IIL figure ... ho,,', for the literate and learnin r m' Ie. form hilt, 7!J out of ev I'y thou and m I Him,h, inhabi :UltS, ~'hich does not, 'XIHP-N the prop)rfi n of the en l . to til tot,a1 Hintlu population. 'J'he ah .. nec of r. ciJillt!.

'Oil. IICt. )I hlic ,chool callen.: over thl! whole killgclom,

ca Is of the ' gri ulturRI profe SiOll, which giVt~ '011- tu tile

mUJori tJ, nllcl the jnt itr'rcn~ oi. pIa: d Lay the CClII 'atiulI' ,i lU

• ev loping all 1 ncoHTuglt)If intli 'I'enOl18 C h catlu]\ mil 'I.; h tak n to ace un

for the hack wald state of education amollg HilHI ~ n ulllI II u pro\ cd

Ly the 'C Il8US ~tatislics.

In the c ,.c of f 1U I , the province 1It1C:l<?1 ,I f 11 religions" ho b It, ]

learning, '2 lit 'late and the relllainiug Ot'7 iUit r tt>. mon" Hilldu lind

Jail! ) the I I'opnrtlol}s orl(:ar(lifl~ i mille al' \ 11 ~ II, to giv Iln i ppl 'cinble

proportion, p 1'mille. '1'1 e , i 'lrs sh W !cal'lli"ri t Ild til TIIS ulm" 3, \VIIi· the P'r~j . 1111 Chri tian lea I Voilh 107 nlld !)6 rc l' eli 'cly. Tit Ie 1

Ii- 'rnt(~ Uiudll} Jai I, 7 (USsIJI',lun and U ikh iCIJ d ~S , '1'1 CI ri i silo\' ~H)O tllel the P'lr"lil. 5:)0. The I!Jttcl' cOllllnllnill~. ~ cOllwillin'" he 1. I'gest }ttlll' el'. of le:lrniu " and lit 'rate male:.. , .. tend the I) n6ftts (f 'due;. t;oll to the na>mberR of theil fail' sc~ atscl. '1 iH~ "'lllt~n n ullhcl'S () felll d

l'lrnillg ll1,l literate It H11~r"!\1I religions" pro ·['tiLe O,'tlt:ll'ly b ckw'lI'd con­

dilinll of >mate eU\lc, linll i 1 the:;' Domini illS.

Turning Ollr attention to the ti.,st. ag> jleriod 0-11. nnd le:1vitl Out of on H!erntioll chil reB tlndel 1iv ~ ytmrs of . 0'(3, W fitHI (1).,t tile prop rt.i II 0

] al'ning Imdes urHler ·dl r"lir!loIlS is (). It i. only ill the HindI! "hat a ]0\' r propor ion (3~) i. mel wi.th, TIll' olh(.:!f 1'Idigion s 'xcel t 1 I it a d (:JOI lis, of cour e, 10\' prop Hlion' varyin .... froll1 1 U; nt1 leI' M 11SSldtn- 11 to

(}I _ ul1der Pal's·s. III the U"', t category tit 1'l'opOrtitH1S \1 Jeler" all Tpljl~ioll. ,.

(15)~ Hindus (14) and .flls'lIll11nlls (W) 'I .prnilch e~\ch other VCI'Y n IIdy IJlIt ill the 0 hCI' religi >11 tIl proportion, 'ary Ir ull 110 in .J lin" to ::..21 in

Pa' i. The ilJilerat I r P Hio JI.t ur,liw

' II w a rC"cl' cord 'r, tll

Hinuu c0l1'ng-nl' t ' itIJ!} 7ll'8moJ(' h.nu:dlr ligion ·;thc~o".~tlr por. in (177) 1 ing furni h d hy th It is fbll .. ti'l:l tlwt 7 1 anr I

U( .P~ 8- ~ 1 u' tin it) 0)' OUL f V·" ~ H (HI. n J La I I of I lcn mi u: tim. 11 ndcl" Hi ye

tl:.lt a • 'r)' l~lJ'g • pro})OI't\OIl of t11 b Y religion itlle ~\\": y tlleir till e or nrc en"'·lg in 11 I ling tl

thdr dtiily lU'€tHl in t III of 1 ,gitimat ly u~ilizillg tll ir tin

IflliUllction which IS 0 es cutiul for thcil futurc happiJJ

to urn

;1 acquirill" h 1:

~cc in hl auu

..., ~

B )"Ab d

, barm i .cludiDg dl alJ d.

~ .. IC' u a ~.

Ia "

u'CI>n b <l

irl~ ..

.t •

.. , dar

r T 11111'

rn

til ~u

Atrat'-l·Ilalda

t MI\I II ...

••• I 1<' lila. , . ..

1)«:'108 ... ... 1 Fcnmldl ...

Rt.nt.i ti ... ~.

[Ed llcr t.i()Ij •

.All t lir.iulIB,

1 [

I ell .. In i 11 r h . ld ;!·~l~ giviun' H I nVC1'3 rr ~.o11 twU} of

r ctht ' .. loa' the \ 'hole ll'o,,:ll1ce. h C U L

o the ci .~ . uhUJ I SIIOWi.I}g sllch lIigh I .r.Qpo~'tion . I tlu' I !u'"in(I' n

,d th lit ·r.l hoe rt'ligio t:Jk n ~oll.L>.c ively and 'l1di\'i~lll 11 it;

"io-u III tl d' tri thl, r l'oJH)rtion~ of tlIte IcallniJI1'~ un.yc Cr In ~O ill

... e Ink t } in Si"pur 'Ulldur. '1'1 re only ur is ric;ts th ... '\. sh.ow h' rh ').. l'foJ.IlN,tio.ll tllOUI th;eprovinccin tl' lleg' ry ofed,uc tion anu tllJ'('e Ii tl'it..:t·

that. how }H01l0l'lioll5 similar. to .. tl cpl'ovinci: I. 11 1hcdj\'ivl II • th.t: high.elit

i ro )Onion (:":W) is. {'ollll..d i-n A 1;11 f-' B.a.I'l.ll foil" w (.uy J 7 itl T lin gU.,llu. all :l dJ.!:.

]o\\'(:'t (I~)ifl tl~ Nord 'rn (I-i"i. ion .. M ·rl:H < tid Sir;pur 'luntllJr unt\' ll'PP Ill'

,~t he • trcmes in tLIL' . e ( til. literate wilh Pl0) 'tioll' (11' U4 :loon 28 l:~~-

pctjlol ly. '£h.c provin ia.l propol't' ·H' (C:b) 's e'c 'eILct} ill fi ~ district: i 1.

Tef 19 nand th r· l'llillic and in raf,i..-Balch. Th.e lowest 1.)1' 'portit)l~ (f ,

j.lli crate (71 .) is fOll ntl in the c:tpi Ii-I prec-cded hy ~\t~ltak (BSG). ~ otIC of

he (lth~1" di trict!i 8IMI\' illiterate k J'opol'tiofls IL':;, 111.:111 !},o PCI C 'Ilt, the

111·1 t }lrOpOl't' )110 (9G6) bcin fumi .... hen hy ~irptlr Tauliuf', npvul.mtly til lfht be' V lrd uf t.he Ji, trict. .. 0 t:lr a'! (. lC llion gue!l. IlllHlg. til' dlVi i.ou' jt' (} I~y u' '.i." lun.that .110\'1 { 3" J h· n no jl:r 'erll, while ,lJ II c-

•• 11 sJIOW ill it. or te prop<)rfions cxr. ding vO PCI ellt. Mahlt \.,ar

tid the :\Te t ·In.dj<.'isio.n CCl )'11 ~ Lh.e tal witl, 1'8 . in.eRciJ.

11 ca e 11" ~, II e I'>llbllrr ropurt' n { ~ rn'n cr (12), follow '(1 bv the city (6), .j or the ~~,.pitul"

for the pro 'ne tid f . " eh of the f 1ald,Hlhll'lgnr,

\ 'arang I •• un\,ng- barl atH 1.11 b' llglll:. 'I'h li~tcic . tll'it.

ho uny 1'1 Ojiol'tioo at, alillfid I h.is ca.teg~·y. mOil 1 h ,lid. in.ns, At . -I-Bald,L v .";If rl~.rl1~'l1Hl and }".natic 1 ach alld h~ 1" n·l. 111 ~h,~ I )ti

~at 'gory. t h ,'r y ho.Wb j;l aJI the. II U Irlls i vine • total ( f 2

tit pr).vilH~iaI2. I'll , li l'?llc tp ,>,o~ti()1} ;nth" Ii.Hid&ir..2,\'~hichi, f UJrd 'n : ell of ven li' tlicb, fol w.f!,l II,· 1. \ hiel is o! l\'ed in eel'h 0 ei ~ht.

tli lri t J P31'bl1' lli and 'irpul' Tau .. dur cOlllUlg last wilb llO • [Illl' ci lJ e plO­l~)r.lioll" Atl' f.i ... nlda has] • Tclillgalla 4" the gn telH: clivi:;ion:.... all dol HI!

I' t Q ~ the )i"i ion' .1. c .cit. 'l'W() di tl'ict~ I' .. I .. uh..:1.ni- 'lIltl 1.'1,1'11111' T ndUl'

I l rn Jthe.i.rf~ 1 le'a: ill it 'rate, 'i:x dL11i Is .'ctul'n 9H!) illlltn,'ut" fcm:lclS

v.en d.i ttict ~. ·neh. and the t tnJI.tning lWQ.di Hil t:;; (07 'aah, which I: t

1 so th pro"i lcial pr.upOi,tion. FOlll uf the diviSl0t S J'ctlll'll fltW illiLcra.l.e

fema.les ell h. two ( 8 e:lch, Telin 'W 1'l'tllros (( cii, and A tr. f-' ] aIda, by virl f ' ',cl:u <1 iJ}g the ca P j,ta I., r' ttllU 9 i (.

Turninfl'to 101. in theH'inllll t' Ii ion .. we {lIHl tr tn ci YlUHf

the Imburh co .. hi he.st. ill tIle propoJ'tion oft}1 ir J!'nming and Jjrcr~H\":' nlal 'l'hele are 35 learrn·ng and 21:3 l'ternt n 11 ~ in tll'C c·ty. 1 Hi ~7 (I

P ll\ I' i {cit 11'\)&"1 h u1}1)' n f I m::; l'

~illgrlnt ll'a.17. ~~

Illullrali!tg tlfe Number oj pel'Ion, relumcd a, uartung, Literat6 and Illiterate'in ISLAM.

I "'Jim r-- f

I I

~t+ ,

1>31'9. ~lU,]

~1. hbuhnugur

... Idl'U'7' and Alfl1()Ug tl.ie ,d!vi lOll,

Atmf .. i-Balda 2GI)). Telillgan'l (1 ), nil l the l·.a<;tenl (~)~) tllon l!. cd the

Proviucet the Jowe.'lt prop(l!·tioll Ut g fllrni h·d by .th' ~olltla~I'Ll llj."j:;iofl

(5.(,). Tbe higlle!\t ill it, r~to IJfOPOl'ti n (9:} i) .~ found ill l.uch of I wo {li~t .. i(:l~.

at. fer an I Bid f. Tll're arc t.hi,t Cl <Ii. tr.ict whil h flItow 1111('11 '" P 1'_

J ol'tions .of illih-I'ule maJei than th JI'{)\'iu' ( '1_) •. ~ ')gillg frul a t.he lilove

TlotNl proportion to S7!} ill ucJl f th· di Lrict If Atmf·i-Bal .. da anti

Mahbl1bna~nr. Mcd. k Riut\ oS tl e p fllpOI tit 11 ("l:)). OilA' the

di"i j.olll~, A ,r. r·i-Balda ha the lowes Jll'OJ orliu:I (7' 4) preceded ,.)' Telill_ ( lil) and tl;e En'tern clivi ion \ All tll' .otller 1\\,1 lon, .how

prOPQl ti n cxc.eetlillg 90 PCl' c.eut.

Among M U~. ulman fc Ilua I " p"o~Hntl0n of lcarllil 'r nrc nowh re COI}~pi(.IiOllS, the high !it pl'l heing as IlSIl I fOlllld

Itl the city (B) ~llId til, IHlOUl'bs l,!,iving all a crage or J

for the c. pitnl. l'he !,l' t portions iu tii Ll'icts rnllge front 111

Wal'an al to in each of liix di:stdcts~ }l"o incial pro!,ortiun bt:"ing 3. 'hor'c l' ~ t lu'co eli bl'let , ]~lgulldal. 1. or· hUon anu luuu', v h ieh h V 110 J rn· (.l' [,10 Il9 od'r thi at.e~o)·y. Tho prolor . in b( eli Isions t'a )A ft· 11 9

me] iraf.i. Bnld" nd rreling:ma 1'0 po t..i ,1. to mi y in each of ttb \ cstmu ivi13ions. "J b birrh of 1i ('rat fwualc [ll'{,)

f. mal, •

the PI'

'£ iiU rTl tHl. (1 ,) alo 0 exe

proportiol in tho city [lud .10 no\ 110 fall belo v 947, I'e

o so hlN'h n fj UJ'Ij as Uf.I •

ud he

IIhll1'b

chiwr lea o

'I I pro )01' n f 1eal'lling uhtu'b (t iJ). gi ill V II a'm' g of!l

tlJ Prj vincial pl'oPQrt.lon (!J:..).

!nong which ~Igall!lnl corne first ith 2,:).1. l:W un 1

ml 10 t) 1 ' (4 n i tl t

l' mm' d from

il tho Ii' 1 rid-,

~Qdflk a ] :HiI'll

th I rovi 'xt lit IIO\\'-hr" it 11 l'QPulnlJiun i not, troll , it i lJf' they are

II r. du;' o· ny xu', or ill ry pl'ogv {Jucn. iou u C I ptl:' tl ~'ltl, th oth r

eli tric. s. 1~1 Nort,hern divi Ion 1. that, 110' .an:ll normally high p\'opo t:ou (~24). In the c sa of mol , the city (00 ) alnd 1be B fJU bs (692) come highe t. 'l'h extr me di I,.·jt.y f\luod i th pr portionfl funl ,h·d by II le districts, ranging- '8.S tll",y do ft om 127 In .A traf.j. Bahla t

),900 in a.od ... r, rou t &1 0 be ibtlted to til pin' y f tb Dumb ra of the

Ohapter \' 11.] Seetion 1I.-Etitlcatioll Statistios.

E (] u ca .... ion. ]

followers of this I'cHgioI Balda U;76) n,ra the ollly C]h'isi fla thut; proportion (594) in this catego1'Y. The incial Christian , Hliterato n a1 ' proportion (314) ia exceeile<l in the city C.9()O). but not iu the snbudH~

(2):)), nor in the oajJil.a.t c~n 4.). 'file distriuis and divhdons sbow wide variation's in thoir figtlres, for t-ho l"OOSOD ull' iWy noted. The fema.1o pro .. portion of learning tor the whole PPQ'viuce is DC, ",hiln for th.e capital it i8

12Q. MabhllbutJg!ll' (304) timl Birh (173) arc the ouly districts that :;!how ~ny

excess o'·er the Pr(n·ioce. 'file l,ropol"tio[ls in tho othOl' uistt'iats arc w)ry 11)W't

being nil in some of them.. '£eliogana. (105) and Atrafi~,Daldu (115) alone rig/)

nhove the Province.

The distribut.ion of the J.1.in. Pa:r!d and Sikh pot3ulation among the iH:s !'io -do

a.s depicted in statomont No. 69, in tlH) ChU.pt61." on IteHglnns) s},ows tbat he majority of the Parsie are massed in the capitHl and that the followors of tho

ot,hel' two religious are scatter'od about in no uniform proportIons. '\T-e shaH therofol'e cllutent. oUl'selves \vith a disoussion of t,lIe p1'0pOl·tious in thl3 cityanrl the subUl,pa.

The Jain proportions (if lea.rning mules al'o 'i8 nnd 41 j the c-ify llnd file B~bul' J' r( peotively, SA' ;1\ L 80 f01" the Pro\'ince. Tb litorute.s hen,r a J'Olt io (If (12~ in the city and 8~6 in thfl 8uburb~ to ] ,000 male~~ as against 41 j or the rt'oviuce. There are 204< iHitera,tcs in tho capital .~ agaiust 50!. t'-'tO tho llrOVltu;:.C . In the cns ~ of' fenlft.I~~s, tbm'c are 4;3 lelll'uing in tbe city a.lltI rlUne ill. tlw SUbUI'bs, and 4-1, :mu 2!J litcr;ltos respectively ill each of thoBe localitit'~".

~f:J lU~joJ'ity of WOnlOn, nowheJ:e less than U1 pCI' ceut, are r c liurne ,) a.s illitorntt;.

0111y ono Pnrsi male ,'<\9 :ret11rnod in the eity, aml from the pt' p !'lion glveu in tbe 13tatametlt, it is evidtimt thn.t h is hterttto. In t.he suburbs \\t} l ro 1he ma.j()l·ity of t.he Pal'RiB are tn lie fOlllld. tliere are 1(30 laarning. 7~Z lit 'a'e aDd 109 illitprate mole of this commllnity Rgmnst HjJ, '7.07, ttlld 140 of th"j'

respective I,.; t..cgorias i11 the .Pl'o\,inee. '1'110 reseruhlaoce of those h .. ·o t>e 01

ijgures further ~how!; how mtlCll the l>1'opo'l'tions in t,) e suburbs hn'lrc h~l 1Jl

influenciug t~e Pro'\"ioci .. l fir.rul'CS~ The samo remark l10lJs good iu t1:.[> c; t..C () f' tlH~ fc male pnpor t i ons~

Lastly, we come t.() the Sil{hs. ThC'I'c m'e 3'7 lC3t'ning rualcd iu til\) city and 160 in til subul'b~t giving an a,,'crag'c f 9v fOl the c pi al again. t a(j It r . '1

r '')vince. Again, the capital :gLows 42fi literat Sikh runl l)l'o?inct'. while ill the c lae of. the iIliu'f Le, tba 'ro\>iuctj has 2 to t of tlJ~

S~~lle Gatt'gOl'Y 10 ilia .c pitn!. rr be f",mnle pr-opol tions . 1 til l:a')itnl n 'prm ch H those iu the I)J'ovillce 11 arer than tht) male. 'The sliglJt differcllC s tbat are ee

to exi->t het,,-· n th prolOllioll in the en ital :l'D( in t le Province in t

•

.....

of tl i h 3nd Jams is DO dou dJ tribut.ed amOll t.he TariO\l3 d ' tricu must

their brotbren Lave exercise. . mouldlll th

proportion :in the latter.

th Bulls Bnd GOD foun 001 in a { Highnc s 1 iz.amFs Domilll he following sta. nt \8 8.e rat ly tV 1.'Ii~

d~picti1)g Iheir distdbutiQll ;-

• fATEME ~ No. 178

nlln ....

. T;qttlucli

ldnl'-

..... Il '" .-:: --

I I .. . I ... . .. J ur

1,000 r" \ ... .. , l~()()O .. ·l·· .-

,()()O .,000 .. 1 O~ 1.00 1.0

IT}Hlf J'fmd ... .I~ 1,000 ',000 f, n

9ft3

~·1 ~.: 9 . ,-

... J ... I . ..

. ~ . 1 • 00

'din a

... 1.000 t.:

1 1

1.000

Nortl rn 1,000 ••• ._ 1:01'1

.. , ,000 .. , \,.0 ',000 .•• \... ',00,

1,000 ... 1,000 ._ I'~'I .... ... 11,000 ... '1,000 ••• )... • •

----~ __ ----~~--~~~~~I--~~~I-- PO )

P,"Y;. ••• ~ 1,: I ~: I··~ ",000 1 ::: ~.: ~:~ ::: (:

I t i~ ~el from the above t temeBl that 11 too G~nds of thp Nander District, nd all the Bhils of lJ th se~ \ire iHi\erate. Ther ar 84 nrnlng and 21 literate

Gondd in r nt1 ur and but one .learning 0 ncl in irpor Tall u,. 'rho I'9t of the Oond ·n botll tbe e latter district. ban 011 been Feturued a. illiterate. It i thu eVIdent that th for t tribet b fe D ,.aken kiDdl, cd ttoa. 10 order

Oha. tor VI J.J

E c.1 u cation. [Para. 320

to hring them within the pale of village society anc.i to imprQ~ their pre ,nt extremely bnck anI condili n, ir. is nc.lvi· ble that speciaL 9t p sho Id h early III (ll for their advancement.·

32 .-A rage num r of per ODS a ong hom i found e Other a literate or loaroer.-In the follr)wing statement i depicted th · av r 1ge number of per on i each (: ,reH.,.ion an<l di trict among whorn i~ fOUl r1 eitht'r 8 literate or learll r. I viii b rcrnarkc(l that the Hhlls nrc Ut>t ho\ n in tlli tntement. 'rh> eaaon is that, (\8 we h e Iready een, 1411 tile hn r ill"tl>mt,·. [n til i cu ~jon of this tntcmeut al 0 \ e;, ~hnll, s before, U '81 only

i.h he iicY'llre e. eluding children unde 5 yeurs of n e.

• lue writing tIt ,,(tOTO th" r (Dviuda S p rtu~lldent 11(\11 1 ~rn d with Bl'9 t {'Io uro 111 lIi. E lienor 1I, IIIhoi. tar hM itlal;) orl 8, in tl e 11111" 1.1110 j.) p ... I.IUIJJI • 1.0 4nbmiti l'l'0f'0l 1 U tllill bonl)lr.

26

j ara, 3~O.J

Statistics.

vcrllg'ti nmnbcoT' of POl'$OIl.:-i among \vhom is found oii)lOf: liL;.:rato Ot· 1 ":.n·UOl'.

[Chrlptot" VII.

[illduc OIl.

In b ci s~ king t Ie figllrejS undor all rt~1igir ns, it i~ ,seen that 1 in 4 ml.l >' • li 'rata, wllih· 'the sa.mo IJl'oportjon in the ~u m'bs is 1 in 3. The pro\rjocjnllt\tH'agu L 1 in 12. ~'11U8 t.here are relutively t,brce tirnl's as many 1:t,6l'ato or lcaruiug in the city nud four times as marlY in the Bllburbs as thore are in the wholo pl·ovince. Mcdak comes ne.:lt with 1 in 9, '.rho Qver.ocros in the o hUt" districts va."}" from 1 in 10 in Atrnf-i-B lda. to 1 in 29 in Sirpur Tandur~ .Among the divi8iofJs, !\.traf-i- alda comes first with 1 in 5, TeHugana. fol)o~ 'il] vith 1 in 10. ' 'he otho divisiollS show Rvcmges ciUH)' on n par witll., 01' h' gh(.w than, the IH'ovi e. I!l tho ouao of females, tllo proportlOlJ of

Ipll.TJllIlg or liternte in t.hu province is 1 in 83a. In t.he city, tho propor'loll

j~ 1 "in fi4 und in the suburbs 1. in 19~ givillg a lOlal average of 1 ill 24 for tho capitulo III tho distriots the a Ol'tLge v(l,rius fl'om 1 in 331 in Mllh. ImL'Da6nr to 1 in 5,31(j in Sirpur 'I'a.nunr. Th~ average:;. in tho ,lisil'icts of A{ahbql.mtlgu,·, \V .. -l'angul,. Rnh~hnr, Atraf-i-BnlrlHJ IVlel,.lak. ~Jing5ugl1ir. Aut"nnga­

ou.d. Nrdgond~ alld EI~ unal <.Ire 10 'S t.bnr C2~. whiou is the avel'ngo fouuu in

the, just (lJOntioHcd f}iJJtl'·ct. 'rIlu Dl~xt !troup riUl uverages .r-:mgiDg f','om :J ,to10 to 1,712 compri.;('s Dil'lIt InJury No Jer, Gulbar;.{A, Bidal' and Nnlurug. l:)al'lJI..Hl­ni JUt 1 e letu'niHg or lifarate fHmall) ill 2.1:"3 :ll1il SiqnH' TflDdul', as seen above. 1 in ~ ,~-n 6. Among til ilivisjous tho luwest o.vurag-cs aro found iu At [·I.l.f-i 13nld~ (44) alld TeltnO'aus (188), lalu'utwara cOOlil g last wit,h 1,139 •

.L..lllung ililHllls, the proportiious of the lcaruing or 1it~rnte mulos to the 1,0 a1 Hillflu mule po,mln ion 'in the city and ill tl p .Ilburbs i. 1 tc..1 4

jll an b, wllich gives the sumo ;1..ve ' lIge for tllo Gnpilnl. Mcclak comL!S firsL at' 'I g III di.itl'ic('s with J ill ~ .. followod by Atraf-i-Baldu, Muhbubnaglu' ann Lingougm· wjtb 1 iH 1] (l ch. GlIIlJal'ga alJd Huidlllr f'jILlW tho ~rHnc a\'prnges

as 1 be J>l'm'iJle~ (13). In tIm rornniniljg' ilist1'lets thu proportioBs range from 1

in 14 in each of tIle <lishict3 (.If ,"arallgnl. Indlll' und N aldrug to 1 .in 27 in .. irpuJ.

Tnn .ur. Amon be di\'i~iol1B, .At,l'af.j·Bn1dn 'c Ill. firtit \·itlt] ill 7, folluwod b) r' ·hngnm1, Karnat c tlnd t1H::il Soutbern divisions "With 1 in].2 aclh

ill last, ]nce beil."· lu:ld by tIll) 'Ve::;tcr 1 Jivision with 1 iu J6.. In the cuse

of tIlo f,amales, t.be provjnce hn. 1 luaruing or lil(l}'n,t.e in 8001 wllit, ill 1110

C'ity tb pl'oporlion is 1 ill ~.1,:!, ilJ t h Ul.Hll·\)S 1 in 'i[l, ·i.e .• ill tll CnpitnJ 1110 Pl'OI~ot'tjor i 1 ill 8. Anl(>ng the distt'ict , MahbllbnngHt' comd, first \\ ith

1 in '3.;.. full \\ d by Raiclll11' and Atrnf.i-Halda with I liinr.tu litol'ute or 1 r'oiug f In, l~ in 5-; nnd fJ76 n:speetiyuly. TIl(> PfOIJOJ tions ill "btl other

di 'tric.:ts 'ralJge from 1 in G4:'J ill \' iu':.tngal to' on - jn ,] /'03 in Sirpur T.ludut', Amon;r divl ion, ll' f-i.B·lda ha~ouu leanJitwor lit,euJ.tc JhuJu fl.'fIlal· iu·180,'relingan. one ill 496, anu the Eustern Division 1 in G47~ Maill'u[wara coming ut the bottom itl 1 in ~,252,

'I he proportion of learnmg or ]iterntc Mil ulman male to th' total MU6SU) ..

man male population in the oi y as . 11 u in he 'uourhs ilS 1 in 8-as hgai , t.

1 in 8 fo flit: whole province. .A monrr the th trict , M 'dak C0Il1("8 fir'st with 1 in 6 lo11o\\ed by the districts oj' Nalgouda and 'Vurangal with 1 in '; eaeh. Ilnd

I!.] 27

E ucatiOll. )

A tl'af'-i-BatJu. ithlmoua:,! r

fall hell'l I t.h 111 adl C ; the low' I. pr I rt.iull of 1 in 16 IJ(>in'" ~llrui h~u by 'a l

of the three di"t.l'lC[ of Nandcr, 1 idllf and G.uJlJal'fJ' • oug tile di'i 'Oll

Atraf-i .. Balu. corr . fir", with 1 iu 4, f,) It,w Ii uy TcliulJaliH , ith 1 ~ll 5 and ttl\;.

Eastern Divi ion irh 1 ill 7. AmODev ft!Inul • til • city htl 1 learoirw or li tat i o •

~8, ad the lIburh onc in 19, >'lving n avera" e)f 1 in 25 ( r the Ci p't t. The v ·ra·re for the prOVilICl! or 1 in ~J.j i e. ceded in all t.il ~ hich h. 1 in 56. t1 ~ hit 1 c.. -c '01- I ~i'lg furni h ,{ by SirpllT Tandur, ",her' a -el'a.U''( ·s 1 in 1. !J9. A 1 di.,i, ion-. At,·, f-i- Balda nguin come=-> (i r

1 in 30, ollvwt>u by 'fell .... .,. nn, h'c" la 1 in 52. In he other di\rt3i n , tit proportiUl::; ":.try ft' m 1 in in the En tel'll tu 1 ill 2'7.1 ill the. ouLh I'll

Vi 'bioll_

T", lIing next to Cbl'i tianity, we o{rl'r ... e that in the it.' and in t.he sui.ml'b ,til the Ohri, ~'l n III I I 's : rc eilher I arnilll'" or lite," te. "he sr m'

i~ th in the prQ 'Ult'c. hut hie i rot to t..e takell 0 llll'an til t

nil the Ohribtiall tv t IlHltl b ,Ionl"' to t.'itl,er of th c t~ 0 ~teO'

actuR pr portion 1 in ]-4 males. III the district.. ~h. Y from ill G Itist '·cts to 7 in Atr. f-'.Balda.

Tt:lillgamt S 11 Lh(.:.:T r r lL'ru

yhile t.he vomr-· - ill the th H n e

-and lh ... uth 'l'n Di"i ion. t S iu lae 0 11 '1' divi i )118. 0 .. j' mnl

h· I l'() incia.l pr01' l'tion i4 1 in~, hlle ill the sublll'l), capl i 11 I'OP !I' ton I tIle B:ttH • thl ugh in th iii i hut 1111 ,to AmOl1CT tll0 tIi tric

th'r 'IJ fiyo t tat. h,t' th '. m. 1'n:-!' a tit hile lw ra'l)l art; iu tilt ("Itl! rs r. ng from 1 iu 3 in ili'h to 1. in 20 in rug. 'l'he Toling-an-

and t,ho 01' ireI'll Di isiot ami _ tIaf·i· Balds furni h the s me a el'n.gc as 10

pr(H incL'. llilo tb. propol'cioIl goes down to low as 1 iu " in the; EllstuJ.'n

Dh'i ion.

\Ie II \'e !\In ,H(t: noted tIt It h, Par~i pI' rJol'tions r leanlllW : Il' Ii

higher t Hli. th .. c (,( til· CI riSliull. 1'his i:; cmpllll -izcd It)' the figure. "te r' 111 thi

bt P~ir IlJttl~. amI fCllloll'~ of th n!!e of five yet> I '~

ulld l vel'~ ,id, ->" It'nrlLilttr 01' E ','at.. III t.il:l ca e aLu. we i r llilt t lak· tIl n

fi .. :.ae t llleU~l t.hat, tl, PI C HI' 110 illitN't( rt II'" tlw PUT i. . 1r fr m i r'T tIle act In) pro!,ol'ion'" ftlr the PI'(I\' in' fll(' 1 i I ],'2 mal· - 'wi 1 ju l'-~ ~

of i.ili COllllllu"ity. _ mung t.h eJi tl'icb lid .ii"'i · itlll' it h IIvticf'1 t11 l!'I)port'on 1 n(H\ lit rc lower thuu ] j I 2 ill th' ',,~e 01 J al' and

in i) in (lie cast! of ('nIH!

The Jail male pi pOl'liuu of I· 'JHlIlT or lit ·rM.c fot' th pr In

4. B< til ill tit ' ci ' : and in til su uTb. it i 'n that ',II the ml I ov~r b y of agp a1' jlll r learning Of litcmte. A tn()JIg' the distl iets, the oul.' • t1' or<1iu. ry llverag l11 f, nod ill ElnaJldal ('7)ul)d 'irpul' Ttlnc.Juf (12). ong the di"'i j n L-1 h«!re i only 1 'hi h how le Ve.l' pr portion thnn the PJ'ovinc--'. Dame}

&he • orthern whtch has 1 learnine or literate male Jain in 8.. In tl

.28

Para. 321 J .A~·ert\~e llul1l~er of p~r~ow,; aTm~n~ whom j - fOIlIl<! " one lellT1llng 01' htel"ato 111 each 1"(;llg'lon arid ago pOI'l

[Ol'optoer VII •

iIi n J7. In rhe city. the fignt· is

19. Th(!I'!~; l'f' 7 dh,tricts oul'J thaI.

show any JlI'uportionli u1Jder thi. heud out (If whidJ ouly t,wu how hW(~I' propor. tion I ~Il'irnely A'lI'angtil ad (1 ill 42:)) HIHI "Bidal (1 in 6..J .. ')). .11llr!l1g lhe.:' divi8inns the pr( porri II range from J in 33 in A.t),tl6-B~ldu, amI 1111 71 i, Tdillgauu to

] in 81:18 in the NOfthnl'll )i,,·j .. iOl.

Among the Sikll mal s )f tIll! pmvincc, the propOl,tirm of h·aming OT' litf"I'nte to

the tool populalion d ~IHI -c 41 ... r ifh e :r aT:: i. 1 ill:!. 'CIl·· city, tht' suburbs, and t>f>VNl di~tricts silo v tIl· .. ame proportiolls. while i'\ahll'ug l'ettll'l)8 all its m,des

H~ eilher leaming 01' lit 'ratl' . Uidar COlIleS hl:!t with n propm'l'ion uf lin 5. Th~

llivi~iulla) pl'oportinn~ au_e hel\·etl 1 in 2 iu 5 division:; to 1 in 4 in the h.arnalie. l' h· llrJ\'iuciill nr('rng~ in lhe eus!;! of the f(~malt's is 1 in 102. In ~he cit'"' llllll th".

~ -~uburb • I he conespoud ing pl'opol'tioU5 ~re 1 in 7' ;wd 1 ill 73 rt~pl'ct.iveJYJ givil1g'

uu aver'nge of 1 if I 35 llll' the capittd. Tllere flre O£Jly si~ di:'!ll'icts, wfiil:h shrJ\ nny

female proportions Tnll~ill!!' from 1 iu 20 in 1\'rugoudn to 1 iu J~~ in 1l1duT, \vhich

latter is the onlydihtdct thnt fn.lI~ beItilld tl • province. In til CCI c uf the divi.;ioHS

t)1} Kanmtic aud Sout}lel'n Divi .. ion.'1 ::;how no prOpOl't1uDs at all, while il) tile otht.'rs2 they ra ge between 1 in 39 iu ~. If'aF·I-Bu.lda aud 1 in 851 ill Mabrntwtll'{i.,

.. The Gonds aloe flHmd ill only two dh,lricb wllcre the male proportinns are

1 in IS BlId 93!J n.'sl'cclivdy again t the pro~incittl pruportiotl of in 478. Duly ClTle district. I'ctl1l'ns an. fi··maI9 pruporliol1, viz., Ril pill' 'fill1dfll' wlli II 'hows olle

lir,prafc or learning female in ] 1,292. 'I'll(: pr()\ i nciul prop(lrtilln is 1 in 11 ,r, 12.

rlile Nurthern Divi~ion bas almost an identical nvcl'uge, while '[\"Jaill'atw!ll'a has

one in 11,293.

In the case of the DhilE. tIle total popu)utir'l1 both mule .uncl female, ia

.ill i t.('l'H teo

321.-Average number of persons among whomis found , one learniIJg or literate ineachreligion and,ago period.-AIHl h~l' WU~ of'Iookin o' ut lhe above SUlljU::t is depided in the f(lllo,~ illg slatNneut, where tho el nl"'nt or age is introduced in pluce (~f the t(!1'l'itol'lal dislI·ibutiou. In I he PH • of all c · ... ""8. um] the fir t ~tne period 0·14" th.~ uv .. 'age:::. are IJOwl! including

~ .r')

and excludit g cldldrcu maIer fl,,'c .,'t,'Uf:-' of aQ;e. It is oeciJle"'R to . t~,te thut ill the fo lluwing disCllssioll, unly tlw Jattet' class of fi~qlr _ j i.I tf! II pI ' I.

Clmpter V (I.] Sect.ion II.-EUUCA.U(I -

. ] A rel'ago number of p~rsou~ am( H~ wluJm is flJUnd rp ra. '3"1 Educiltlon. Oll~ learning or literate in "Hell religi:'ln and a.ge pt'\l'i~1d. - ' - •

--~--~--~------------~----------------------~-

BeJigiQD.

II R Jlg'lO n. .l

JI

M

Cl

~

r

iudli ... t1lf1ul~ua

~u'i.

ikh.

Dr'lli,

J :lol"s

PiHl. G

1'1 "-]11

-

aIlJl ...

... .. ,

...

... ...

-.

.. ,

... ... ... ... I ••

. .. iii·· ...

"

S T or\. TEMENT No. 180.

All "'gull. t

o~ 14..

Io.Il111thuIr I Y..itOllnding I hlolu,lIng EEol W.'.\II,f!! oMbl"I'n UTl(l{l~ childr1m ('110,1,,1' (lliild,·,. .. Wl()I,JI' (lluld"en ".n(ier

r b ,)".1 • . I r.. yUIU". Ii YliOlr" 11 Y"u,,·i.

~ I ~ \ \

,.;

I ..; I : I ~ ., ~ ..; ... ...

1 ~ os I 0 ~ ...e-I E1 ~ Ii

~ I!: !=I ::;; ~ r

~ Q<,

"" ~ . U 3QQ 1~ 3.33 20 4tz 16 239

, .. 1f> 9SJ 1& 800 80 j.~54 19 786

... 9 Hf 8 95 13 ,.,s I 6 1 62

, .. 2 :2 1 '" '81 2 !:! I

.. - S 1ft) 2 lO.z 5 3 2 S :200

.., L I :z 1 r 2 1 2

... 2 3!4 2 270 " 1193 :I 293

•.. GOS q,,02 J "78 I .S.l2 618 5.991, IDS 3.486

, .. ~ ... '" .. "'. - ... II .... .~ , .. • u

,

-

[~. 11; to ~U, (lv(Jr.

:1 I ..;

I .~ I .§ ~

~ ~ s e .;j

"" -I

Xfl 30 7 II '" 12.' '109 12 857

7 I 8" 8 '34

1 3 1 :1 .. 66 ~ ,,04 .. 1 I :t ~

B ~~$! ~ ~~

a,l None GOO None ,I ... . .. . . ... I

Tuking aU ages first, we nnd th(Lt the ll1G.]c proportion in t n r..t{ca · 1 lC:J.rnin[~ 01' litera.te in ] 2. The ChristllLllS and l)m'tli~ come first as they l'ctllTl

all tiJOlr mnlc~ of 5 yea.rs and ;),\cr a.8 ciU)er learuing or literate. Of cour. 'Po tb';-, propflrtioo is su16"" ,t to the provi:o discn~secl in the last purngl·aph. The Sikh lll1d .J nin~ t~}Uo\V wit.h pToport.iolls ot' 1 learning (Jl' litcl"l'lte in n person 1:!iI.ell. The l\{ll Sillman mn,let'i Fohow 1 ill 8, 1\'hile the I-HlHhlS S]UIW ouly l in l'~ 'h Gow . (·(.truing lll.tot with 1 ill 478. 11 the cnse of tbnal~> nlsn, tIl . III

order is rnnintuint:..u. with 1l light uitrerencc. The Parsis c me firbt v·dth ~dl tlu'il­

fe.mnlcil eith.r learning' or literate. 'The ChriKtill.ll n:v rage i"" 1 ill 2. ,. t

('orne the MU5BUlnlltDR ,·ith 1 in 95 followed by the 8iklt: ... , (1 1n i(}2), JI' .hin (1 in 210), rhe HiuduR (1 in BOO), nnfl la.stly the Gonlls (1 in 1l~512).

Tnrning to tbc first agt~ period, 0 .. 14 we nntl tbat the Pnr~is mrtintn.in their first pIa.·c ill tllc CD ,e of both sexes, with all the mllltd IeM'ninq-'" lit-croLc ~U1(]

with ] lcanlin f 01' litcrnte fem:l]e in e'n~ry 2. The hri tinn .... fll'uiF.h a contrar ? pl'oporti( ll, i.e., their fmnltieg are [I.]) JeIlTTJin!I' (Ir litcl';ltf', while tlJl~ mnJe prop rti n i. 1 in 2. In (h~ 'a e uf Tnalp., Lha J·t=m" ~\'lltl 'OJ] f~

1lCXt dth 1 k·l.rnillg or Ii ,ernte in 2 emu:3 l'CSpccti'\t'l·. h. [nssulman., ~ .1low with 1 in 8, tbe Hindu. ,,,it.h] ill 19 u.tld th\l Gonds, a. U 11:11 the la.st,r::. )

,\~ith 1 in 3uS. Tn tIl· crL:-:c'of the femnlt! !prOpOl'tiOllt;, the Mu '!=I:nlmnna come immedintp.ly Ilftv' the hri!5.titUl. J d the Par i ,,; 11 1 in 62, foHowcd by the

8ikh (1 in 200) the Jnins (1 in 293), the HinJus (1_ in 7S6), n.nd the ,*ondst

(l' 3,436).

) ara. 2:22.J

III 1

S hon

\'er3'J't1 number off("lIale t o 1 , 1 0 [lillie::! i u t!:lch Cat g I'y of 11dncntioll, ·C.

tit

[h(luc t ion.

'ith 1 itl I, awl t) (iiI Ill!

(,: n b g in't. In the en (' If th· rill lcJ If 1h' t,ll,.! 1 'rill , tlh: ]'111" i M'~llP~~ tllt'

iiI' 1 lace. l)~' \?irtu t cit" l' ttlrnill" uB tlwil· f'm til" ·t ~it h';ll' I "u'llhig • ,r

Jil -rat".·

if GG in

r li

n.n, (II' th;"'ngc p ri cl T·tlll"U only 1 lit·rat> or (";11'1 ill'" ill 3 I (Il'tion. iu til r' ll'lillillg . lil-,il u. f'olllllluuiti ~ VlUoy from I

JIillllu, he r;ond rct..urlllng no 1 ' TlIIllg

itllt'f ill thj, of t] (, II 'x ag' p'l'iod.

III the ia l n~o PCI iod. Loth the CIll'i .. tians and the PUI'e.i:-l rctu rn all tlll.! iJ' mal s as either It'al'llin u ' 0 litt·fate. The ikh I.wl the .Iaiui:i com!.! next illl 1

• in 2 e' ell. ' 'h J fu ... -ulmuTls ami tlac Iillc)u~ follow \'ilh 1 in 8 und 1 iT!

]2 r :;pectiV'cl:~ lh~ 'oud '"miug' last with 1 male in ('jOO. In tit \ cu§e uf th '

ft mal sf 0, the Pi i occup.v the fir t 1)1 c ~'itll ] lc' tning or literate on 2

r('mal .~. The Oill"i~r.iall follfJIV \HI) l in 3. In the oth~r t'~Ii~ioll C()JnIUUI i­tie ,(h pl'Opol'tion ranrJ" from 1 in lO·t in ikJ. to in 857 in thl! Hil du-.

TIII~ 131Jil 1· ·turn IlO Jem nillg f.-" literate of chhe. e in an . of tl e 'fig p rivu flnel r ~ thcl·cforc. not toucll(~d lip n.

322.-Average number offcmaJes to 1,000 males in each category of Eduoation, &c.-'l'he n~xt ulJ ct \ '(> h. 1.1 con id'r i th, PI' lor1iol1 ofth ('xc in each cat '~ul'y of uucution nnd in La Ia reliu'ion!J lI~e.

T 1 f01lu 'u T h LCOIE It accordingly 'hilJits the B\'erag ' ~ n ocr of fem'd._

to ] ~OOO mal~,., in {' I ~It l'lll('glJI'Y (.If

--~------------------------------------------------ill thl\t in this 8 1 D.I in .io.il.r ill • 110

poillted ',\1I ill til" I'r\JviOIl& 11 l' 'r f,h.

r t a .• 22.J .A [liJdu ~ntion.

T. iug all n • \ lind l}lHt in tit· fir-t; euteglJry uf (cill(!afion, t iz., 1 .fl. lllillg.

tH?Ohi!;lian .110wt.1I highesta'l'ng IlHlu\lf'rllffcmalc (75~} o!lo\'cll by til 1 m")' (465). III lile )Iher I'e igion COIUIlIl nitil'F. t!rut IIOW Illy pl1lt) rtiuJl , til HH',,"~e 111\'hcle ct.·d- 91. ~'ld81 prol'ortioll i tWill llf'u It.' '!Ie 1\ II ulmull.

'I he Sikh ufld I. •. railli'> ('\) e Ia~t with 8 mad 1('lu. Ie H!SIH'Nivt."ly to 1,000 lIIale~ of tlli cal gory. In the ' t! of the lilt-T'lf , the Chri dan Jnd III(! lUI j e 'chan r

J1ht ,Ih IHlt r 'omillg' 61' t wilh 51S, ,Iud the fon el' CIlDd Wilh 174. 'I'hl.! (Hille.! tome nt· , t ,,"til ,'I, f()llcmt'd 1,).: the 1 u rlmllli (73), the 10 \ t: "l 'e

heit g (II nd amOH th J. irs (7). In til lust Cl .t'~()J'y. mil rll tt. , 'he ",mil hlHt·

IJ)ly 1) 0 f'male- 10 J ,O() jlJill'j"'.tre UIU) j hilt. in lIB d)e 01 h ,,' (1m )mIlU~,

'1 t til ) hiL, wllcre tIl' I'Tuporti r ,n H qllal. tll~le 1l.J"t' r ore illir I'M' fern''!

to lilt I .he proportions riUJglllg flOm J.O~~ unl(Hlg IlH:! Himlu to 1, !!!J amoJig -

J,liu •

In the fir ~ '(' p('riucl 0-14, OJ Clu·j tian sf ow the .highe t numherofJe:u, .il.g uf , le m' ( .. '('SU1'Y uf 'u Ill'arion, ,,·i:.,80 t t ,lIO\\t'<l I,y tht!

.Jm i , wlln h(lw Til otl r prop0I'WJJI. l'tlllgt: lJCH'H' n 9G ill 11-

urn ill.. to in.J illS, Ihe BJ1il nd Gond l"IJO lit..!' IJ I P 'opol·tiou ,TI Ch·i liau

nu Pur i t::c I )y tile r t IlId lid plHc I,lnd l' lilelate viC h

~145 nd 1,1 '0 If' II cLh·t'ly. ['IJe 'ond cum n ... "t ith III ('qu 1 umh· .. f lit r. e female t In 1·~. 'l'h:AI ulman Iww 2]8, -'hil i , n·ligion , tll prUpUI'l() .ere vcry 1(')' , ;r (Igin flom 36 Hllljl1(llli~lll I inJ Ii i m. JUlh

Id t <:at g ry of eOu<:ution under Ilhi' arre p I'iu(l, the P ... i hHve () li, 176 illite II Ie 0 1,000 illite te 'ial "fullo'W(>d b' he eh j .. tiltl <I' A4), d 1))1,1 .. (, 72)

1 d tile indu (88). 'lIJe 'I U l1ln an , the 'iklJ!'J n llu th Ion t I \'

ldr er lroportioll :0' Hlit rate woulen III 11 len. The Bllil com hi h r th.tO 1 h ond with only 00 i illil I l icmalf's to 1,000 il1i.,· fit> 1 al(,,~. u cliff r ,t rut i

entirety due to til di t>l'gtflCu 'II the til I l)llp"Juti I "f t li ge.

In the ncx' p rind 15-24,38 weB in t I lu t .• tl](· . the J',lIlfl. the Gand and th Bhils lruve 1101 :Lfllillg f~ II at IlIL In til 'H

t ere re no 1irerllr Good or Bhil ft·nude. 'fit IO\\'

propol tiUD _ of 4 2 and 526 learning femal ~ t(l ] ~ 0 allnlelS 01 tht· snt1 e <:all 'ge,ry in tbe lob mention d 1ge period. In die armer, the (,lll"stia1l~ are ji,IIlQ \ cd

hy ilie Pill' is wirh 62, th :Mu ulrnans wit.h .l.(i. alld i.J tly til 'lliu II "jlh {)nly 1]. In t lC oflJu.' li'erale, ,lIe Par i iw:w (Ie i)'otic t I r'ol OTlion ( ) ful ..

kn '('(I Ly tile (hril'tiuII (~7b. fwd th· {I :",dmltll (lu2), th u t· Pl'''IHll'tiIHl

.. 6) hei g found in the .JaiDs. In III In t l'SlIt' ory 11lUj(.·] thi got;: pCliod til I' at'e

• ~750 foe (Ie to J,OLO jJfiteratc nnlle n ong Ptlr i. 1'he Jaius '0111 Dt'xt ith

~,002, the Ohristian immediately foilo\\ i 10 - . ith ].V 02. Th' low t prOJlortious, 1,216 and 1:J19D, are uDd in til O()IHl llud tli :Iinuu r p ct!vely.

Comillg to the: ltlst age 'Period 111 11 tbe Cllri ti n ith 5CO Janning {('males to ].OO~ m lee of the um oot gor", of leurnin The 12u Inum loll "tV \\,'th 177, thf.O Hindul couling 1apt ith 50.

34

c ~.

I

1 I I

--I

I"~ rra r

ti ! ~

i is

Section II.-Edl1cation Statistics, [Chapter VII.

A ..... era;e numhl r of females in districtlil Dnd djYi,'iolls, [ Education.

, .. _----'-,-'---......... ' : I :i I k

t i ! ! ': :

!\ aq l-:S~ Ii: .... !Ii • .... v.-ft .. ".

"'ra.": ~ ~

C 0'01 .. ll;~'" z

E~~. .,. 1;) 5-....... -

~;~~r.: ~-

0..': a.: 'O! 0 7. ~

,. ...

~ =,;-~ * :: ~ ~~-:T

-!

: ;

! 1

-'" ! is] i ,. ..

~f

: : I

~ ~ ..; ... ::

~ ..: ~ ..; ... " ... '" lE:. Z If:. '"";

I;t ~

t. iii .. &

It

..; -I. ~ '" ;0-ro

•• ~ to:

_"

..

! ! '1 i I!

~i i t i 1 IHid; ..

:!8~ ~ a -.r.'_o "-;r. ... ... ..... ~~

... ... .... ~:t'::

!~- ~ i

:H~ ! ~ '" Iii

_.'"''tI!I .... . ~ .. 11'1

~ -:;: I .. "' eo R"

o ~ I :r: ~~

~ l! I , 0;

~~5 fi --

I'd" ..., .. a ~

; 1- ';

i 1 I f !

Ii:: ... : t ~ i .. i it I j ~

! ...

.~

~

...

g ... -.; t. ...

rl

.!! i

jl

Chapler ... )

}i~d UC:ILjon.] [Para .. 32. ,

'fltkillg tile pr ,purlion. 111 nil religiun it IlotlC' proportion or Ie ning female. to ],000 males l\f the :lItH! category f (} ItI­cali I i~ 42. In the ciLy aud the ul lIrlJ • the corr p Illtlillg pn Jlortions

are ~n and ~OO respecth'ciy. \'hil.~h g-i\'l~ 16 for th Capili I. II he lit tricts

the highcfit u\'el'agc is furnished hy \\"1 rang" 1 (u). II tho oth l' di .tri t

show erag's let;, th· n the P,o\'ince, til ir proportion \·aryin .. from r 7 in

ifnhbub". gar to 2 ill Sirpllf' T:wdllr, Ilion ..... the lingllistic divi. iOll • ~I ding-ann come fil"~t with GO, the Kal'llatic folll.)win rT ,ith 2 • an I Mahrat-"an wilb halfof the 1: tl~r, Atmf-i-B.\\ILl comes fil'st among tI c political

cli ... isimls with la7 femalr..! to 1,000 learnillg nalcs. The vroportions in til other divisions fall be.lo v that il the Province. the 10 ve t veral!e (1<-) being found in the e~t('rn Divi ion. n the n xt category, the lit"ratt!. the Provinc\! ho\\' an aver; ~e of 3~ f~nH\l "\.o .00 LT ·\l s. It. is ,,1 111

the Clt.y ana the suburhs tllat tl e prop' !"Lions are fOlio to he ?,ceed d, til

pror ol'tions being 01 fir d 1·1-6 respectively. In the dil'itricts the ... I"'ge vary nom 31 III 1\1: I.buhtlag:u· to 6 in Sirpur Tandur. Here ag:tin the IinglllsLic divisions h :lId the A:lln order, Amoll l1' the pc)litical divjsjoJl ~

Atr f-~-Buldll ago in comes tir::lt with 100 f malc!! to ].1)01) literate male.·, whill" tit lO\\'('st pr(}[>c)llion (1 L) is fllflli hed by the SOLlth H'n Dhd ion. 'Phe illitf'rute proporti.on for the Pl'Cwince i. ,O.,f). In t.he city it i 1,245 ~ nd il the suburhs l,ltiO. giving an~. crag!:' of l,18r> f(>I the e pital. Jt is ollly thT'e li!~trict. of the .r::al'nutic1 ill T 'ling-ann al1d ,.m·ang:lhad tI. t how

high r ~l\"crngc than the 1'l'ovillCC, while aU th other. 'how le~', the pro-p rtion in tl c htt ~1' rangin~ ff( In !)ur. ill I ... h,.~ mL I to .03:1 in Bid'll'. A,"onl~ t.he 1i1l'l'ui'Hic divi.tOIJ ,the Karll ' ltic (1,04,) nnd TeEn alia

xceE', '1 t.he Provillce, while tr·lf.i·Daldu (I.Ll ) 31ld tile. oulher"

amung t e political di\'i!'Oioll!:l al 0 cx.cec(l tlh l'ro\ti 'H;t!.

Among the Hin~1tJs, t.he prl)viTt~ial proporti n of Icarnin,h 'omen

) 000 I ·"rning mal ~ is 16. in LIte CilYt til prop' "lion i:s HI, 'lnt iu the - , 1I1)lll'h~ 81, giving ~ 11 'l' 'J" gc of 7-4 for the Cal il.al. I illgsltgllr (2-),

,Maltbuhuugat' (26). alld Ra't;])Ill' (~f),.\I' 111· nly districts th.l how .111 e·c·. 0\' 'I' the Provincl'!. \Varangal' nei Elg~IIH{'d c me neal est t rh J'rovincl', wit \.~lr in ach. l al .. ond OllJV with 1:.. Ie ruillg women to

1. 00 mal s of tJ c salilt c· t. gory 01 "litH:arillll, while ill tl e rt Ill. it ino di triel .... the rUle-rages ,'ur_y (rom ._ in C:l h f the d,·Hricl:-, of .\..lJr 11 • bad Hud Bii{ r

2 in each of the di~tricts of Pa rl,h,Wl 11 1IC1 : i qllU' Tall l11r. r .i- d.dd a C 1)

T Jling:ana (:.3). the ~nrllalic (Ul)? al)(1 the • l~t~fU Di\ i:,;ion ) ~\I'e tIl( ~ only dh";. iotl· that sho rf any e.'c('s I~ 'cr the provill i:ll 3\·cr'l ... ,\h') the

la.t I'l.l e i o'c'lpied hy ael\ of the MuhrcLtwlra and th \

:\·jth only 6 fClllalci to 1,000 Ie rnil r m d . iJl ach. In the ['xt t' te I r ( Ille ,fIon l\l~o, tl ... provincial a £," ge i .h, e it i ollly in til tj

but 4 in the ~llhllrhs. ~h'illg a total avel'lIge lor hOL '!, of, 7, _ II the Tern • n

eli. tr ct • wit 1 the e cepti 11 '- ( Illllnr and leuak, an I Raichur shuw aYer: 1:(' h.igb r than the ProvHlce, fdUgiug fi·olD 4!.~ ill :\h~lb~lh \ ........ •

[ell pIer VIf.

tht.:: (l low :I.

as [; il hrc e di .. td t of Bieht" and

irpllr rrunrl Jr. Amon' the llivj,.ioTl traf-i-E lIda (:lJ" til· 1~~'\sh>J'n

J)i\'i~i n (_.), ~lnu 'I Jill:7ana (~2) at' tll nly Oln that. sh w higher

aVCftl°'e t.1l. n tb· l' vine Muhratw:lI'a coming In!:!. with ()uly 7 lit('lutc

to 1 j 00 liter Ltc rnall's, In u.ll th~ tii. tllct~ and division. til r al'e

mo illitcr'lte femal propol'tionately to !Iliterate m'll '. exct'JJt: in }~I~T!l11 nl ') th rrovincia.l propoftioll it~elf being 1,0:32. The propofliolls

in the other district vary fronl ] ,007 tn \ luang'il to 1 ,O~l in A traf-i.} ,lith· II tl cit· there are 1,106 and. in the snbul'bs 1,15'3, giving :11 avcr~.ge of

1 • i1litel'ate {elll:"!l !j to 1,000 tn. lcs of thc same cnt 'gory. whll~ in the 'VI ions (he limits of vuri tioa lie br.!tWl! n 1,080 ill Atraf.i-U Ida and. 1,021

in each 0 th~ Eastern and \Vesteru I)i vi. ' ons.

In ~ rllssulmn1J~, th( re are 91 le:lrning females to ],000 learnln~ males in the Province. Similar proportions in th ~ cit), Rnd the suburb are 11 i 'mil

1 ,9 res) "ctively, yielding all n vem.l1"e of 146 or the capital. It is only in ""aran,-rai ~1(0) that til provine at n\'crnge is seen to be exce(;lled. Itil~

in the.J: l:m~,ining (.Ji~t( ictR, tbe averages lie between 80 ill Bidar and lG ill

hlgalldaL Alllon~ the JivL.::lons, averages lligher than the pr0'9111Ce are

foUtHl in A trafi- Balda (1,37). T IinrJ'all8 (11 . 1~ and the Eastern Di vision (11 8), the lowest :wel'o.l1"e (.'\or.) h~inO" IIroishe(.l b • the 'Veste 'n Division. It will bet noticed t 1at Sirpur Tandur returng no lea rIling felllt\les. The provinci l

a 'cragc in the literate is 73, :o,'hic'h i seen to be exceeded ill the city (91) a cl the slIburbs (l·M) individually ~ well." i!l lhe c'\pita[ (l:..l) £ nd in the

dLtrict of ~ulldt>r (87) 'md Yaraog:11 (80)" till:: 1 roportion i in the other (listric s r:.l11 f,in r ... f .. 011163 in Birh to 12ill,siq)ur Tandur • .At, r.ar-i~nnld (11 )

and '. clio an (9) Hlone c.'cccd the provinoia.l )roportio'l, till: C)rthL'Tn D, t i h ~~::!. Tho proportion of illitel'atl! f~nltll~ to 1,000

En of c"lucal1oll in til city 151,3 L7, ftllill;,t to J;L75 iN t bUl'b .• giving;... • vernn'c of 1,2 -, f(lr hoth, a' t guins ~ ,OoG ill tli

Pr0\7incc. 111 the III tdCIS, Bi. It bllow. L (" 71 tho v ra~(' 111 II II r vnrying ~r m lJOO~ in each (.) the {i tl ict f lander Hnd N. Jdrug to 1,1 S it :\1 edak. Alral:i.Bnlua (1,J9·,). r lingana (J, 34) .mdthc l~,llsterTl l)iyislOll(1,OS()~s11OW'

hioher proportioll of ill! el'~lre f .HHlles cOlllpo.rativcly to malc of the some

catcg ry hall thc Province, b· Southorn Division coming fa t IVith 1.tllG.

The proportion uf leaf'nin f'r al . to 1,000 lea.rning' CI rlsti. n males

in the Provillc is It.i2. In tlJJ'cc di trict. th 'I'(~ arc no Ie ruing Cbl'i tltlll ,

IlU in t\'O othc:r di t.rid ,nu in the city t.here ro no 1 'ttn ing elnnll" .•

Tn the llb\lrb~. til 1 5. In MahlJuhllOlf::,' r the pruportioilK of 8 -es in the C L rory of th leurrlinul t I'e equal. In the 1 1lla~ning

j ricts, the proporti n VRr' ftolll 818 in Dirh to 82 iiI Elgand 1. Am\)og

the divi i 8, At f.i-B 11 ( 3 ) ancJ Teling n ('1 7) alone ex-ceecl tho • "Po thp ::fortl 1 D' i i 11 comin 1 t ith 10. In :Sirpur Tanc.lur,

l~d . " :.. I:CatIO!t OJ

. --------~~.--""----:--~"'----

[Para.

37

o.,.~ n_ •

rl~ll D tit 'r~ ~I e no literates or .... p.rovinci:ll lJ.vernge in tl,i;OJ Cf\te:.?;ory (l'l4) i:i cxceedcl though the cit.Y' f1ins '_'~hilui \\'ilh ollly 267, the C~lpil;al. htl\:t:ver, l11aintaiullllr the ~am position as the fo He with 4~1. Among the dL,trict.-;,

tllo higJu'I"t uverC\ge is fOllnd in ltaichuI' (610). {olloweci hy 10tlt r .. • .. hie 1

all e:dlH,it av'en1gC'A high r thail the IJl'ovillce. In the remaining di~trict , tJIt~ lH/en-lge n II InlIer o( hterat~ females 'Hries 1'1'0111 4.)8 ill each of the di tl'; ·ts of At.raf-i. Bnhla and Methk to 1 (;7 in Parhtlltni. '1 he NOl"ttH'rrt

Uivi",jull comes finlt ..... ith ;j l4, ful1,l!wcll by ,"~ l(l'fr'IHtt:ic (4HS). 'lhe Sonthern Divi""lon (,II!!)). Atrafi·Ba.lda. (-~8l) an l 'c\iognna. (478), thl.! \V ~Sl 'rn

,)iviRian c\.lfHing las~ vith ;139. In the Ia t Clltegory under this religion

the P.·o"ince shows an average Qf 1,1 -":3. w ieh is :tlmost wil(.l.t it is III the

capital (1,1:34). The avcnLges in the Ili;,;tl'icts va.ry from 879 ill Mahh"hnan'l r

to 1,864 in M ed,ilL Tht! IH'oporrions in the c ','tricts Ill:ty be infiIlCIlCC({

by a ,-, .. riely of C'HI~ie', stich '1 tile fe\'l'f)('~ of Christians, \'herf'!fore the

pro}Jortious in the IollhurlJ .... , wh('re the hl'gc majority of tile Christians Joc,'!Iiup "lolle des~n'e considerution.

1n thr:" case of the Sild\~ thl'n:o are 0 )(~·trl1ing females anywh rt", excC'pl in .. ~t1gon~bt whl.. .. re Ihel' are 3;~, to l,nu learning U}:d~!l. which

gi\'l''i 1:;; 10r Telingana. 50 ('UI' th~~ Ea!'ll rn Di\.·j~i.ort arlcl 8 {(H' til Pto­

\·iH(~e. All the (listrj1cls c:Jf ~fallJ4tJl\\·ur:l :lllU Kc nUI\(1tl, C~CC)t Parbharli. ~1){,t\V

no literate feolal0.3R. The IHOPOl't'iull ill the city is ::\33. which i simply U )110 1'111 a I. The ~lIhurbs I'how :20, which l'X;lctly COl re. ponds to the PI'O\·ilh

cial a\'Cr<1 cr l'. Til distl'icts in '1lfhich any ljt'~ralc tctnalcs nru fOlllJll J;how

aVertwe.s \'Hl'yillg t'I'Olrl ,:tJ in Elg'JI1iI.d t 12 ill P:u'bllllni. Atr'lr-i~Ba.td:( (41).

Tt!lillgantl (28) Laud the North!!,... Division (26) exceed the PmVillCl", the . '''('stel n Uivlsjut1 c(lllIlng la. t vi tIl 41, and till! Karllufh~ awl the. 'oul flt'l'n

Divisiolls shOWlig no iitt:'raLt! felllalLls. Th~ proportill(ls of illil 'n [p fCl/mIc to

),DOU illitelat males among tilt." Sikhs arc nowhere I'e~ tlHm S!J=1 iu lLalc!wt',

but rise tt) !-.o high a figure alii ~,2<)O ill (J uluar~p~ the PrO\'iliCe bhowill'" 1,:1

Tl' l(~ Pa1", i proportion in 1earning. for the'! Pruvince, is 40 Ill, It.. t<) 1, on mal 0 the same cUll'gory. "rh· 'ity shows no propvniOl lInd'r n.Y ot th" thf'ee Cil e Tori. f Parsi e IIH'!11;Oll, III cirC!llllsttll ce that j" explHine 1

Ity the fa(~t thnt bllt IIt~ literato P>lH!',i \\!aA r('t.urllc~d i II it. lr i.9, furi h r~ UllHC(:CS- _~ s~ry t.o cOIl!:'ider the prl)pol!'tioll':J in Ihe Lli,.;tricts, n hI! 1'111: 111111mb '1' fthi~ "::;

COl1lll'llllllt . r JOllnd SCUlfl!rN~ 1lP<)ng t,helt,l <:nUll t yi III au.) j re 111

\\ L~'ll t II(! PIOPiOl'tiollfi t r rcJu~ 'II to 1, in c.tlch c . ion.

1 hll~ the }1l'OfHU'tions ill ttc I;uvurh alone de cr e co,ailderati.on. 'Ph-elC

arq 38G leurning. 4SG lit-lOH'ate; and 1.1.71 'iirterntc fe III ul s to 1,000 mal .. of

NlCh of the ere, pel·tive c.:lltegrll'ies of education. The pr(u·jncin.t pr"'por­

tio .It how slight differ n-ces when compared to C~, but thej arc inc\'ltfth'-... ,.

ella pLer

Ed ucatioll.] Literac~y ill .Ju f{.~_~ kc., Wilh pupulution

of 10.000 <Jllrl 0\'1'1".

commercial BOlubay ~:rh 'I!ll.! ilt'.c (,he ul!ly lllC]i~\u Pro\,lIl(~eS wlto!>e propnrtillns vf male illiterlltes are Ie t Ian ~JO I er ~E'nt in

l'H~h ea!tC. All India ha tiJ(! }rH'I:~~ proportion ovor YO, ,'.tl,. 009; licng-"i, with it. It tt.'f P )rrr.~ ~~ co 1If>':: Il xl with 9J3, clo.dy J'Ol!lHved by the Her-al's ell J),

A Ell10l (9:.!4), and the I ( lijah (927). This ;'1'\)ViJ1CI~ ()ccl1pics the 11(:.'\.t plnc" ,itb n2~. lea\'ing .behmd the North- lCF-t Proviur:elli (!~42) l1nd rhe Oeutral Proville..:.;

(n4!)). Aillong the for i~j, cOI1Htri S shuw" ill the st:ltemen4 rile illlr.erate prOpt)1 ti(m \'ur_j' from 2 t5 iu "idol·i.-I.. unO' 252 iu XC\V Zc:llluJ(l, 10 ," ill C 'Ioll

alld 750 iu Pl.rtugaL Bu.rm~ ... (550). lCllvei! 5 of rh'se foreigu cOllutri.~:s helliuu,

COflliug bet veeu 11 UlJgI ry (5fJ2) lind Austria (4·79).

In the cn-:e or fenlal e.;;, Burma c mas fir!'lt with 971. But, Ill;! in malt· , if Wt!

I('InJit this Pl'lIviuI!f>, Coul'g COh1es first with 900 and .Madra (:OtnC9 a{~reditabh· C,e and

"jell O~l, rollowed by Bomlmy (002.), and lysorc 3tHj A.";~~Hn (with 9!J6 in ('fich)_

All InJir! has !H)6 illitemre fl·tI1alf"[.! til 1.000 (It thl!'. .. ex . .N "xt l:omU tlJi~ Pro\'iucl;'l

rh~ Paujab aucl Bengnl with ~)n? in each, f'ullnwed by th~ J't:maiui!\ f InrliulJ

Pruvincl's ,'Villi ~h)8 euch., 'I'hat tId Pl'ov'llce is on a par wi.th U adv11l1ced .,

llt!ugal aud in nthance of nl(}d~1 Bal'udu is iw\eecl maHt'j for cun'rt'utul.ltion. But it \,ill be curiulis I llCJte the ext~ut to whkh the iuwligrrlnt dement has helped to hriug this modicnlll of cl'€tliL' to thii' Provillce. TUfUiu:,!; to til • PI'OP()I i n

in t Je fo,,'~ig;u countl,jc:i>, we 10s(;' benrt nr-IHlticiug that) with I he exception (If UeylolJ.

which i on ~ pnr with Burma, the prol'ot·tj!)n~ of the HUt 'I'ate t1owb:~re exceef 8~ 2 (Portu~al), Vict\Jl'ia (:!:,~. 5) and New Zc.lluud (275) hu\\'evr.; r. agdlL cOlllio'>' ;f]rgt: uud secQud, ·espectivt:ly.

Section III.-LITERAOY BY O.ASTE. -.B25.-Literacy in Castes. Tribes a.nd Races.- \Ve nex t turn 0 Ir attention to the disclission of lit('.rncy in the val'iolls CU:;tt.'K T"ib 'S and RlIcca

that 'inhahit this Province. All in the fourth CII!1.)Jter (~)al't II. f::'c' )

tl e castes nrc di .. ",hled into thf'cta cbs~e~ a.c\.:orrling to population, . nd

t area . tatcmc.nts are hereunder gi,'en, one df>ul iug ",il b ll!l.. Cla. s A f;ontaiu!oi castes in wbich the population exceed' 10,000; Clas.-; comprisl'

tho,,"c whoM! poplll!ltion fa,lllS between tim and olle th usand; while tlass 0 con ·.tif of t.h(.uie ca. I 8 only \vhuse popJllution is 1,000 01' [Cl',.'. The till('e

foHowill" tal lIlellls d iiI wit.h the thr ~e c]l1.S, e f ca.st~s TI~~pectj ody.

326.-Literacyin Castes, &c., with population oflO,QOO and over.- In th e fn Ilowmg -1 • elll ut til ~ ratio,() the lit 'rl te of .lch t. 1,UOO literate p~l' ou. of either 'f! ill the Pl'nVillC{~, til English IBlOwing population, the. avcrag'e nlllubcr of pel'sons of p;tller ~('x

:unoncr whom r~ found oil' literate and one English kllO\ 'int; liter', teo a'

'eli u. th .. L~\·(lrag 1111mlie!" uf liLeratE's <lIllOllg \"lIOn i fund one EI gli 'h lilerateJ urt! 8}JO\ n.

""1 lfJpt{' I'

]:';dUC.fl .

-----1 I

Cl 1J}l 11

1

\ n.]

.J

l JntuaJ.i. .••

n. HJo. " 'HIl~1 Lingl\yet ,V,'al

Du.

~f , I 1-1--1

.•• Irlnd'l... s •

-i 17 ]50 4') 15 ~ 72 l~

" ~

41

J6 1 I) ~2 Jal ]~ 2 34.1 Ii 11 !! )~ 8 ~ :lfi·' 1 2 4H

.or TlJtal W 11.\ ... - ---- ~-- --- -------_-r;; __ 1-__________ 1, __

fI ni rl!. I l2lllui '"

Total U 'fl '1 11

l11."hi .. ,,' Du.

- I 'I' tal D b

--:1 DlJRnlrol.'t . .. K to I., •••

.. ' rIin,l'l .. .. , flil! g •• ,

80 J 5 ~ B 1,26" 2,1)1:1:\ 370

~--I 2 ..

8 !

1 • ...

8 •

(.5, 8,003 7J8 11l",u8i

... • I

I 409

I 1---

tf

• T \!fl~~fl~NT .r'l"o. lR"-(concludld.)

(A. CQ.!!te q (~ontaining ]O,ouO J)t'fSOl1a nuJ ovet·.)

( fmph.>r ,- r,

hnptl'r

C<luc ltio f

Fit" h'lU eonsiiler the r' tio of th ~ 11 t:\'utCii in literates of the \ hole I rovine. It i se n th t (h higl, proportion lttl

mal litel' te i. foul1 in Sr. lam n • who 1 ake 1I n, dy a t IInh (2,J, per mille) of the Fh Ie lit rate popul ti 1 of' tl! 'rov! lee. Tll~ a t

come. nco tithe KolY ii, \\ hich shoWIf ] 50 rnal lit rate it ,000 h the P,'ovillcc.. The proportion in be oth ~r cu. fal ,h low 1 o. we take the pri lcip I • I l . 1I1m. n tl ibe 0 ther, t l ,ir p 0POI Lion (1 BU)

m 1 {air third. 'hi. prul orliul L C Hnponnd d f Stlcikh ( 7), '" tl~ , cl (25), Path' n (17). Mllghul (;,) 'Ild other l\1l1ssu!mans ( ... ). Th~.re 'r' L

few lill Ulll: I II who Il\YC been retul'll-'cl UTld'l' di ere! t en t" \ 'r ( ... proporti n L (' > 10 ' 'ncillded in the' b(n e. nllt N hell . ~ co lC to d' C~ll'.

tie proportions in til fOl:r pl"inicip I cast's of the findl. ~ i. "f Urahm n , 1, 'hatriy:\s, "rat. y . nd (thl.!r, loti with the M liS LlhllHllS, 'hl'i. l' ns, ·C.,

\'e hali note how the ,Mil sidman 'hl't:I ill omp.u'j un vith the rOt I 1

cn e' of the indus.

The 1 it du '''al i com 8 nex with 7-71 r milt -,,' but if we t. k f he 'Valli te oil lnclulli 1 1h I it tlllS '~ w II as th Jail! ,'(10 returned them. Iv . uch, e find th propol'tioll ri e to The V ni Ccl te i f 110 cd l>y

tJ c ., un )i (C2). Th ur • the oul castes tho t show pro ',ort-ioll. 0\1 r 1)0

I' r 1 dUe. The ca. t tha folI W I l il' (lrdel' m'e, on I' 31, B.lijn alhl :r 11 1 (2, h), 1 dl!'! ttn (2;-), Jul~ 11 (1:), Lin u pet (l: lid T('1i ~ ).

TIle pr Jr rti 1 ill lh , ( tiler C8,~ 'Ul)' frolll~) each in ,If-;lallla all I Pai Jut to

0) in ·uch of f I f(llluwing' ;1. teo :-~ Ia i G. jii, lUI g, KOJu. 'lIn 'Ti, li-m' 10,

) I. f ubi, Hlloi, hUlll'r, El'kul ... .:ld, Pl de i, allel ril \. Iti \'or'thy o lote Ilut tl1 .r alive Chrj ti n fOl·r ut i 'e 1)'r m.ill th rnul" J't 'fate populatioll of the ll'uvillC. "h JI'O al mllny en'te wJdcl

I" U'll 0 litf.'r: tc nd many othel's vho c lit rate hea no <\1 pl'l' "iab1 ro-t rtiotl to J ,or U lite '<} es 0 til 01 Pro'/ine '.

1'\11"0' (r 11 0 V t tIl pro(lo lion of' fL.:m~.le Ii 'rat s. it i. n tll t he

i\.1t1 .. lIln (n t~ 'e lip th. I i~l'l ~ t plop'lrti(Jn. The hdkhs t;om 'liT t vitI! ~OJ th ayycd Th t t.ll uf tb(~ u ,' b

only tho e rc cUlutcd ill

t It' Irl

one- Iiii'll of th· l ,Inl " at i' "h diu; . In'

n 'f 'UII, ider t 1 ratlo' to the tllta} Engli h literal P I'ulltl n of

reduced to 1 ,Ol 0 Hf each St'X. 10 th cil e f

ille. r

[,U [I I'W: d ~ 1 1 rrlle pJ'o}' I'­

II h

in ~a<!h CHS () Ul'

fl ar.

lc's han_ Oe~cept 'n other Hiudlts(IQ2). how 2_1. lugh I 27~ and other ~usf,lIlma! ne • n dish literate il ,t4-8 I1nd tb~ 'lJcikh 011 in 11 h • t

llmhlllCins C<)IU~ first with onl! in 2:1 • followctl y Ii ij. ( H2), I ajput (SI32).. tal i ('l09), [ .... het'i ('jJiJ), "1)1\ i (73 0 ), Gu li (7 1), I tldi I DO, ),

Jllth rmu'Hingcust·.,t.hea'l.!r'ss tic al)lH'o lOin each. runn'inl:'J

from 1" tik ( 1 047' ), 1 ~rzi ( ] OvS ). J in (l,(j72) au I -Ull i (1 :74.() to ,0

I iSh an avcrtlge as 61.413 in K.u ·mll.

In the c. se of the f male overages 1so, he . ative Chl'i ti I s om Iii­

'''''ith 8'J,. The S yyeds UIh.l Shl~i1'hs lir t lC ooty l\lus~1l111all tribct: that how ~I1.r avcl'ag"~ II )der this he:~d, he;'lg 13,g I V Hill! 3:;, )'7 1 respectivelY. There al'e only ,.i.~ht Hi .du cast('s rh.tt . ra re(l"esented ill l.hi. da~~. h · i 0 h r

Hindus (:WU ). The lo\Vc~t u,verllg' ( 1348 ) i~ fllrtlhhe~l hy Iled lit f lif), -

b 14 a 0 in Gaontli. 18,":.3 ill Dllrl:i :tlld 25,! 10 in , hm: n. 'Ihe :dijn. u ,·er "e of 41,:3 6, the :\1I}U!l uf\\'ad of Gl,21 J. th ~ VIII hi of (;7.4 '8 und

I. s Iy he Dher. of 624,~()O.

1. ... tl;, e con e to tl c co Isidenltion of the vera('l' nU1U1l (1

rno g wlwm i::s fOllnd olle English literute. Here, a night have b n C'J~Jl ~t >d~ the ,tiv Christi~~II" t.:OIllC at til top, with one hngl. h lil; n te in

OJ r ~rat ·S. The Hllil and the ~dik come nc [i "jLh Ull in r. ntl6 I' P 'cLi\'c­

Iy. vhieh Illeall I otJiill"', fOf, the !lumbers of literatE" in ht!, ca, I: • are not

llf'hci ~nt to gh·e ,lilY apprechlhle .)1' 1 onion , per 1 00 Iil rates in th 'ltl'l vinct., 'fhe 1 w avera Tes in ,OIl\C ~f lht! otlwt' ca:te .• 11 e • t. 0 due to the.! m c' u

Dl1t tal rnE( tho' a te which return dt'e It ntlins to the tola it I\lte POPlJ­I Hion ve find that 'uuong l\! lumllllafls, the Sh tikh '~ l he Sil,yycd~ ... nil dle . th n ,

~dlO bore I atio of 8 '7 J21- and 17 P 'I" 'nitla of Ii cr; t , lw." V r gel'> (If 4S, (;3

11 1 {'c, pecti -el/. '1'1 Vllnhi lllHl tl c Balija, Ilmon rr Hit du~, who .. e I' tio

or lit .rat ~ where .2 and ·27, here Rhow n ... crugt>s (If GO anli 7~ r~srectkc'y.

Hilt con id(~l'ing the ltigl ratio (), lit 'rat ~S (-:2:' ). tlte Brahm 11 ,come tiL' t cv tl

1 re with" . Vef;t·'f'e (',f l;~ti. '1"1 e "'er 19l' in the ot.her ea t I { I cu cd in

onncCliou wiLh the ratio ver mllle r lift'l ute. nre fo nd 10 \' ry [roll' 1~ ,

2 1 und 202 it • [.nl,t'atta JIII:\ha at d I illga.'C!t re peclivc Y, to 'LeI 7 in KOlDli, ..,,0 ;n 'Vani, and 1,1 '0 ill Tc:.H.

Turnillg' to tf e:tv 'n"'c_ un Ct' f( !lut!.·, in til c am ca. tc and tribe, it _i . fUlm.1 that t her' a.rc only Lh,'c fHuLlt! c .. t.e .• l"'unbi (i-8). I raJuH:lll (J ;, ) nnd J-lija (lHI)1 and t >\'0 U slllnH tl tribe. h il·1I (n) nd ')

<_03) hat . how any a\'('I'a~es under this It ·ad. 'I he Nat'vc Clll i ti rlS, a

C IHributing only l! 0 P mille to th nle literate populutio 1 If the pro­

vince, h l'e 110 v an aver' ~ngli h literate in liter te fem les. h in~ the lowest proportion ill hi cIa 8.

[Chapter VII~

- ---------[Edll(~atiil'I.

827.-Litcracy in Castes with population of less tban 10,000 in each.-\\r l' shall IJ ~xt cnn'llicier the proportions in lh(' second and

third clas·l.!s inu) wI, ch we h~we-, for con'Venieo{~e sake, divided the casleR" i. e. 'ft those cnstes \vh('r tbe popllintion in p.l'lch is It:s~ tban lOJOOO. 'l'he

foil",., ing two state nd r.unish the res}lecti"c figlHes.

-

Chapter VII.] 47 ...-- ---.~--___..-~.,_-------

Litcr~c . t \ 'In ·res with popu ation of • 11 ''; t. 11m J 0,001) ill t.l ,·h~ hd uC'ution.]

[Pa a. 327.

:)r AT.EMENT No. J85.

o rer l,OOO b lIt I e.'!!> than 10.000 per ·OIlS.)

a:i

10 t .Jo"lI!

11 (I, •• ,dllllli ... !'lll.Ufll'i .. ,

K:lllctumi \ f •

110.

'!'utal ILulch ... m, .•

-l 1121

--11 _____ _

ZfllglU' '"

l I ~

II ....

----.,...

'3

. ~ _"

• I

1 1 Eli

I-:---\, '11::

-I---

1

. ...

•

•

[nhapter \ T T .

[Ed llcatiolJ.

.:I I 2~. ... .. .... ~2 .• , • ••• . ..

••• .60- .... _.' .t. \-~~ [-... r::--... - ..

I-_~.-_-"'-"':t-_---- j, I L ... l ... ... . .. .. 7

...

..0 7

-...

2

-1

Ot ~ to'll!.$.

8. On ~lJE~ 1 t July I

.B b 1\ !Dcl (!he ttl No .... ,,""',""" U . puunneU t.o l.' h pI

( 3 )

( 4 )

Nroromond i to the locrtl ()vernment in eommnnication with the "ootive "rnmi88iQner~." rrbis suggt_ ti:Qn 'WU acooded tQ by tI10 ·Governo.rM

.c~erol in Counnil. 1.'be plan of op -r(t tiona therefore in the CB$O of these di.str1ct-5 'V11li organized nun) the vary 1irst 0)1 a tot1l.Uy different basi",' fD m that a<l()pt(~ fur the regulation diat.ri('to of BCl,lgal pro_ptlF, Oris Wld Hehnr ..

,0. rl'1m fU'Ki. and ost important duty in connoction 'with this matter '(llH.tt~l to tho di'\;ding o.ud mllpping out of distriot8

'PTOpQMa} to bUlle t1.IO cetJfiUl! 011 the- illt.(t (JUUDulrato.rs' blocks and supervd.l3in~ circles-IJllfV, J' rl!mltdl.!, 0 '1 • • ", n ... :t n t 118 pUlnt wIG \:V_rv-ernOtf)llt orn.ara ran as fl)llo'Ws"':- n A , .rting 4 pru'nf,-'Taphs 68 to 70 of Y()Ul' report 0)1 the eX},(jrinH)lrinl (~(mBU , ,of 18G9~ .t am t.o d.rn~ yOllr l'l.ttention to the grOfl:t importn.ncp of detailed accuracy un. th 9 rwints, -,.r l' ally SU(:~ossfnl Rlld l'c.llll)ltl results are to bo f!ocUl'Ccl, .md tll tho g! a.t c.aJ:e WhH~h wtll he 11, ~ , TY ITl Qrder to l)f ,ent the ()Uiii'~ion of BUY vilhtges O'l" Iltllnlet!'4. It i!;l po t q)le thu.t th(l HRtR Wl1ich. the tIi. tri 't officers lmvc suhmittctl frOID t.he thannllh I e~.-istCI: ~ll not bo sufli.cif.!lltly c01Dp~etc ft'1' tho ptll:1.)()flles ?f n. (~ell '1}8. '1'llo J.loh~e :r'" ill are uniformly 'C'omplled from the h~t.~ ot those vIllug'.f:! <.mly 13\ wille1- "'howkcydal' IS nppr illtud, a~ld thero ",{ill b~ many mUng Cit. found.in thQ lis:1, uU of wliltlh will } [lye t.o be :n('!lldcrl lU tit .. enllO)Ol'utnrs' hloeks. '1110 mapl:i 01' plll,ns fr1'

thiR pW')oeo ~hOlllcl bo prepared with c"'wefu.1 pre'iaion during' the l'OIlln:ining lllonth.13 of tht, reiny- Bonson, ... hile offioe.rtl are !Lt tl1(~h .. head.- uoders. so hot everything majr be ill rcud~~lPs~ for t,he .a~ourate t st?-ng of th.e 'CO!ls:u.s: map when tho co t tIl(=" g'n'fla opportnmtl(:s for d(lt~1l1od IOCitllnHJshVtrfJClll 6ur1 irHIUir~". 01· ~ in -l.H..~ti(lfl, Upull thi$ l)oint will he ncccssa·l'y to alI ffistr:iot ollie t

.t-\'',I·ol'rullgly Oll tlJe 5i]1 .July issued. ~"ly eiT<':!llnr No,.10 b:ying down in . g1'0n{;er ,]etila the prClcedllPQ t.o be fr)Llowoo m ctUTymg OUt the 'l1:>U\'O ()rciOJ.'A. In that CiT 111.1:1' it W.U:j prop')REnl to l')[t.'lIe the CUt1S11S R:tTRngo. tlt:1Lt uIl~u t 10 flUl'VCY ree )l'~ls. Tnk.ing tIm SllrVPY ~nou~.a.h ~s il!o g ogrLlphi:cal Ulllt for ~O~lSUti purp(t Q~; I SUggl~ ~teu, a .deta'll?(l lllq'tury lot' the purpose of lliiccrtnltUtlg' the llU11"tLer aid dl.,tnhuholl of the hamI4~t.~ and B(}Ii-f,tcr()u hQm '~ad8 ill cn..oll mouzu},. Suo} all inquiry aeellJed to me t.o )ec obsl.)lutc1y

ary ., thl c mlll:'S Wrr to bo roally ,tak{"u. i~"L ono {a.y throngl! ut , . . - d' t:c 1 th· Cf)lU11;ry. Vl11ago IU UOlll-,l(l1 pr('J.p4~1' llre

D 11:Iiltld 1(.' 'Qt1lry Iff. , '\ • son, WI'cd ~d)out to fl. d{~. ::l'C6 'llu.Ql(1\Vn ill NIl tIl I'n. Ind La, rold th 're ilil nl alm 0 t tA It!ll want of CI In u'&unal ()l'g~m:izn.til) 1 und ~)"1l,pathy. Even if tll lluml cr f viU::ig' l' n:wi1H;d "t1 e sumO lUI at the ti mo \vl)en th(;, surv~y ,vn!t ¥Qlido (wh· ell is "'c"t)-<r fAX frOID lJd ug tJlO easel, eo l-nowlcdge of t.ljC !lllln bl:-l' and 1 elrct~v(l V ~i:' ~n. of the hl}me~teuds crlmpri. 1l'1g t'lUl]) 6( lU n 'Co' "'u-rl to tho: £(lTlUllti.{lll of dlVUlOUS sman and cQmpu.ct () :ug l

to tT ycr cd by n Blugle ennmcro.tor W UUI;) night., With this view I-pro-1 OBl"d thu.t in ord,j].· to nbtai 1 tho l'CquiJ it'<J lin wledgo, every Ul'Vt'y UlOUznlt "Should h vilrited either by f.hC' al,.lb,,"H~ltdct officor (meaning the officer entrustod with tho census work in ono or 'more Hu nnahs) or by somo responsible subor-ti nat ' ~ SimultM(>ou,qly .".; th tIm local i nqu trY', t;l!Q COUHtry wtis to be mapped ut into enu.merators' blooks and 8UperV1.f:;itlg cll'clcs, and the. required gQncy ttt o selm;ted und train ,d. '

'rhCMe iutrt.ructi ns caUod forth very strOl:g reruousn:nD(}E) from severs.] of • tLQ ConuniHrUOllt:rs s,Hd diN ,. d , offieol's. B(.!8ideR

"tt~~ 1ln4 TeltlQ~tr.1WEW fi'llOt the difficulty in SQInO c.li t.rlcts of idontif);llg the , . Dlouzf,l.h bouudanctt at the present . day, it wu

. ootcd that the detailed 10<'& inquiri pre~oribt}d t~ lurd not be Undertaken lliout i:Ulm'Cering very tfelioll81y Vt-ith the ol'dinary w;oJ'k (if adtniniRtratio without the cmpll)ym~ent of large It-un eXp'~msiv~) sl'eci.a.l eata.blishDlellt8~ It

WM cal<mla tud Ulat for tho purpOSf) of YUllting otten village in B~ Motte (exelusive of BehQ;r), some 3~O MllOOllS would. be roqllired t~r & periQ(i of ibur J.nrmfhs; tit. v ~ lowest 008t of 'this pol'tif~n of th~ w~ beD:tg- eatiIWL'ted at not l~ than &. 70 uOO~

... ~o. 112~ .

} I () f 11. B 4 En EY E...:~ .

'-Gen ra1 of R '!Ii lrat"on, on tpc ·lIZ dub!,

E Y.l

.J) deil C(I,/.cuita, flo ~ t IJec 'myer 187,;;,..

~ I ,

I n CCllSllR i.hnt hu

I lmyn ill • 11\ I 01' tIc,

urlU

uf

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OONTE T

PART I.

n r.-IS'rlWDUCl ttY 1J _'['fl E MANN 11:11 01 AK1~ • C .' US 4 D fill AGE 'm

K.M1'1.0YEl> ,... uf.-i'lip TIMB 01-' TJi,lHNlil :r111~ 1 .-TllE i)!~MEi'\NO R 01-' 'l'JlB l'l-:(JPL~ UUIHN(. 1'l1lil CBNSV • ANfl

J l!JJ: VAlnl )U, I' iOlnt5 THAT • . 'Lum L'IJltHF.:N'L' A" TTl F. 'I'JM J;

\'.-..(_,IP1NIONS RJ·:UAIU>lNO 'rtm ACQL'llA ~\. 0.1;' 'l'nE "EN~IJS U. [)P 1 E ."

PART n. C IAl''l'BH 1.-l>R'-'~VIOUS l!:STl.\ AT"~S OP 'I'HE PDl'UJ..A'I'ION ...

.. n.-·J'HE D] T.Rl1UJTION () '1.'HE POJ·ULA1'Jl1N

.. 1I1.-TIlE UEX,IOJ(INS 0 .. 'l'lJE l'EOl'LI1 .. "

IV.-'l'IU: ABX ANo AGE OP THE (>EOL'Lt,~ \f.-THE K.ATTO~ALa'1F.S. RA.CE~ ANt) THIll

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THE TA

OF R,ElO T.

PART 1".

ING OF THE

OHAPTER T. I Nl'UO 011 OTOR Y.

J')(!Al GOT'rnm nm uhtlftry 1871

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IH'ernlOnnl, !.'or lndia

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OHAPTER II. J 'l'H~ • fAlm '11 OF TA~lN(] '£ItK CENSUS AND T

7.-O(lll(' Iptl r.r th ' fi"(1 fJ _Ille t't Dcnpl... ... lB.-Nnti",t'l litab,. 1l1.d Hill Trib ., ' '" .• ' .. ' 19,.-Diftil'llity 01' ]11.11.11:; dowtl nlly lil1irorm .:rh".mo (1t Ol'1"'I'1>tlO1lll

a,.,~.·I't.l olltUnu I)r Ht helllo propolkld rOT n!'gul~tlou ~lt~trictlt .•• • m.-U Il}l>\hl "gollc], 2L-C~m'llll A~t •• .., '22.:J.-lI'w-tn"l" h ~t"nct. 0"". ~ .. e ..-- F;;11~ III jOJ1," tillS l1ua.t.i '6 pc,pula~lQll. DIJII,t, CBMlQ

:ui~ .oU '"lid , ... • .. :.l , - Bna Qbl .. iT,nlit!~ .. ' .,. 27 -1l':lliJ lJ t c , ... r.hulll,. udopted in ta"kin ~tl.-:If".1"6 II......... i n t Po Ihlt(lw .. n diviil'lI

J)jtto d,t tu III t~.·; hI !. .- !!trlll'~' "u11'1');vm1 lu thll n1i:au iOIl :~ - l~ittlJ ditt(> wtW 1tl. l _ •• :U.- U'tto dit,w dit.to in 1l,IIII'n'IMI, I

32.- fl,t~ illtw dH.W ill Ik'llrbhuom :13,- In:,!;., iUtro di 1.0 ill M idl1.nr'lt~ 84.- Ditto .htt.o ditto in nflnAlIly • ,. ~G,- Ditto ditl,<l dit.to in Tlnn-rub 3S.-Mpd,.,. PPr!,." .J~ in the L'r.:lOiden~'y d I'ieion 3'1.- Ditto illti"o 111 Nluillell ;J,~.- 111,1;1'" ditto !in ~ !'vrgunnllh14 •••

39,-I~il di', 'in cut I .lUd !3ttlm~ 4O.-A n liln,-M in 1 e 2<l-Pcrguunll.ld U.- VI, .liL l'wi ... -42.- 'itto lIitw jl'l.1 01'0 ••• 43,~Moa6 fprl(Hl(li ill the Hllj,hal',\'l' divialon .- ,Oil.w clittl' on l1()pnl~.1< ...

46.- hitt1) tljtt~ iu Dil) :tnl"1) _. ~,u.- Ditl.o ,lit,l.o in M!1ldab ~7.- Dl 0 Iii &0 10 b by ,-8.- U di to • (tn.,' .............

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8 OPSI OF REPORT.

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Appendix B. _..__ --.,~

IMI ERIAL CEN 'ns CO~lMlSS!ON)~R'S U NO'!'li.:S." ----.:N OTt,; RY TH£ r .. \l(·I:nt:.L CENSt1 Co~nlHisloNER.

MJ N(.l~ f@,.

1l'1'{lI<: 1l,\1J,\ H (])£CCAN).

. l'he sllper~ Ilcnucnce ha.' tn'en placed ill the hnIH1R of Mirza \\1elH.li Kh:tn, un officer of dblTic-t experience working under the Finauciol DelHu·t­Ult'nt of the Admillistlutioll of His HighlH!SS the NizHrn. A geneJ'lll Ohcular wa~ issue,l towanls the 'l II -of Mn,)" il1troduci'ng the subject to I lls tl'i. , ,t t lli­eC"T '. and a transJatio;~ into t I 1u of the pS'opolwd oLltliucs of fhe '0 !it"I'aL I U :""-'1 ... pu" ti . ..,hed in tlle Shite Gazette. 41

2.. The schetlule proposed is to contain (J01ewhat less information tIHl-!I lL:H pn:~scl'ihed for Bl"itl~h tl!rI ito!') ~ hilt will bl~ flllie1" tlJ.m th' form ndopu~,1 in H.ujpllt~H1a amI Contral Jndiu. It wH11JC i .. o;stled in Tclugu t M.a.;athi~ aiu.t I"rdu. and th 'l'e ('CIlIS Lo he np <hfficuh.y ahuut getting '''8uffic.i:>nt :$l:pply pl'int-d at fllll, nfthe prCl-iSml ill Bomhuy. 'Phe minor [urms can be prcp.ued luc;dly ...

, • regtudf.l the pl'eptlrntion~ iu the distri~L~, it ecms that for the ~UT\ cJt_!tl portion of the S til te'. t he I evenue mups (ll ovide u very fair hnsis for di,_·tding :.:.ach laluku intI cirt~tl!s. In tlu! Telillb'11.1Hl tr(\ct !<pecial cnquil'ic will b!" LH'ceiHHtl'.V. Throup;hout the tate, hOVile\'CfJ the rccl"Hd of. ",i!iages, hn. nl~U!, .. ptacht:'d homesteads, and camping-grounds )'c(l'li :~$ c.ifcful sup<:r­";::'ton, and the re9111r. shonl~~ be !.!hucked, when withlll rt:ach. l-)' tlH.~ IStHf(~ :O;uperinteuciellt 'or his a "!iistant. The form of register pl'E"scr'ib..:d' for Wsl.;: hl the North. 'Vest P 'ovinces, or thos e ('or Bombay, :lpPc.u to be Suitable co the cirClIlllstalices of tllia State, and are l'ecooulleuded for ndopt.io n • The 'faJuk­d.ar.::. shouid personally scrutinise tlH_ di\'isian of thei.o distJ'jct into ch·des, Hild of the cirdes into hlocks. It is t]uestiono.hle whether the ah, tract of cncn talllka. compiled ir to a district umnwry, sh~fl1d not rather go to the Supey'­intendeut of C 'l1sns direct, instead .of throllgh the Subalula.r. so u.s t.o save im I and bring the District Officers into closel' tonch with the di n:ctol' of

'the operatiolls. . .

4., lJ:he estill ;)t~ of en1uneration b()ok!i and the avemg-e number of scrl(~­dules each boo' i~ to cOlltain, canoot be 3 certalnecl tiU"tlilAm sub-u,h'i$iona! JLts are r(:!cC'iyt.~d by the .~l.lpt>rintl.!uJ(lnt. Prohahly the ~Lalldaf(l ~izes of HI, :J~ •• ud 48 schedules (pages) IH~ .• · book reApecliveiy will be tt.e most cun-'enicl1t. At nil e,.,tHd'l thd filII snpply or ,~chcdllies SIIl~l1ld l.1t.! in the hnnds of

Tehl'-ihhtrs by the middle uf ( ("tobel', b/ which tim ~ nhm I-Jvel'y block sho~dti m· ... he,+n demarcated and pruvilicll with its cnumt'I'aLOf, whmw nall)t~ should

l1c regll'ltel"etl in the cirdc listo It will b~ {(lund far mol" cOll\l(;l1ient to hav(I the emunE'l'{ttioTl booh.s made up in In·c~c .. ibed ~iz.es lit the p.re~s: thall to Jetu'c tho tusk of stit ct,jng to lIH~ l..a.luka ofIicials.

r;. The II\uuI.H"l'ing nf the hou!)es ~hould .be I~erjal by vill .'es, except wheJ'(~ th~l'e ore ~o Illany thnt it is ncct.'~~a'·y t· divide the place into hVt' ei,.e] ;<;. when thl' let tel' ()ftlw chd~ wil J hrt\'C w be J.H.hlcd above or by t he ~idc {If t.he h(lU5C numbel', 1 t i.'i slIperfl lI01l1'! to pniut block III Inbcrs except ill CI t "'~s 01 plaet:. with !';waH ::wd tol'tnous i:H1€'f4. '1 he ullrnbpritlg CHtJ Ie uluJertakeu whi l't tile circle list.s 'ire IlTH.1cr· COllsi(}Cl'llliOJl 80 t.lwt wIlen tIle block~ aloe );101\l1y .. a:nctioned thtn:e wilt be no dimculty ill clisting~lji$IJitlg rhell'J, byenterlog in t1 above lii'it tht} R 'ria! nlHJloer (Jf re~pe("tively the li ..... t tll d fast }WUS(" fuJliug in eoch. It i h'sirablc for the S ,pel"iut.~nd{~flt to St!.~ th.llt 11. bloc)' ()l

vill::rgc never fall!; partlJ in olle t;ircle, p-Hllly in lIuothci'. (rr.ccpt in the case of the. lar-gO, villages menr.iollcd above.. Gut t\\·o or .norl! small, l;on'pac4 alld c1ol">t.'·ly adjaceut villages may some"lme&1 be ind nded In n ~ingle hlQck. fn such ClI'iC'S either a SI>fHu-ate -c,n1JHH~rHtiou book should he use for each village,

mention of the sch~d uJe page, V!l(,fC each 'iUage b gins, shoulJ be mRrlc

(

ppendix. iii

n.-·IHHlerial

on the c.,' r~ t ._Call. e· nth e ,. I . qll"'lIt t. bulation. th c sinte OH.n t. of p('Iptlla ti 11.

jf lot ()f f:crtuin nth ~r detail '. I>honld 11l~ hy villages. uot O. blockN. Espl~uial ("a~ "'('em 10, be 'Nl11iretl [0 1.hcllldf! ill a hlock c"'ery h:LllIict, t~lJlple an 1 df. r,}. hall1t al111 tI.l: 'lHal'l ;1" lllhabit{'d by tilt· 10" ·cnst '5 uf the \Tillagc.

o. In tmv11S t.he w: tel liould be the chqrge, uules,)oI it is small {'110llgL 0

be con.'thuted ,1 ci?'cte only_ W here ttH~re i~ a ,v1 u nicipulit:y, t.he local Corpl n­tiOl1 ~hould w .1'1 .. with Lllf! 'J'all1kdar. who shvlIl(t have ~~(~1l~,:.1 COl) r"l OVl'1'

.th~ Opt!l'ILtiOIiS. aud should f.lublHit to the Oen~us Superintend nt, the \vard 01.'

city lists or blQck~ (ind house;,;. Sp,-,cial ITIealSures nrc leqllircd for Uy(h~ .. abR.'l il'.self: Wht?f the hOUlolCI't ~ I'e to a cunsidcmble Hllu!bt'l" peculim' in (brill and exteut; Ilnll where t.he UPJIPI' cJassc will l)t~ ad]1 '~seu II 1';0.,01,:111)" til enlist. tholl' CO~Opcl'f~.tion il1 fl." CCIl:-:lll'>. .Thero nrc a few ((H'e~t ll.'lH.1 hill tnt 'I which 'will have to be treated like siJn~lal' areas ill Britjijh. l. >l·rtlOI'y, anll enumerated dlldll~: tIi1' dlly lime.

7. 'Th. pl'cBmltl< LOY n~cord is P"(·l'\('rib·d f(H' the BH'Hllh of' .Jallll·n'y; .. ruml r:L(~tS. • t il'i high Iy (1 el<i l'ulJ h that. tillS; h onM. re~t'i vc t IWTOUg-h SII P 'l'~ 'ision. The method of trailling SIlPfll'visot"s and ('UUITH!ratofs that it: proP()"f~tI

IS 1')imitar to'flint fonnd slleo("!~sfIJl ill t.1le lH!ighhollring Br1tish 1 elt'it. H'y in· ]88.1. hllt durill~ the actunl }lr(I'~rt::co:s oftheenumcr Hor'H fin-it rolltld. l'Icl'lItiny 1 y 1 i~tl'ict om .er"i .a~ w It u .l!y sl'l)e~visol's it reC()llH'il~THlt:!d. ~ne _of t iI(~ .. ner:d 1'1I1e!i pn)scnhed fo)" BrtflRh prOVinces ou the prt~Scnl occa~nfJll l~ t la· aU hOllse$ b)·hollse te::;t nlllst IJl~ eii(:'f'led b~ro .. e and at the CCIlSll', h'aviug' ior the ~7th 1"cbJ'uury nothing bur; the c~;amil)ution of .u,t.~ book entries by the : Ilpel'.viS'ol·~ FJ'om pn':8~1'£!ph !U of. the gC"ueratl Circuhr it &e.(,J1l~ t1l: t a door l:i Jeit open to MUTII":Jplll Comllutt{!("!.s to l·,.liul'ge the SCOP! or the cct) 'II enqui.ry; but it. il'O to he hoped [hat tche Admillistration will fC"ollsid('r t~jis COllC~, :-inn, as Illiditinn.' of this ~ort may t~Ull to the tlct XiOl'<ltioll of the flilnple '\od in' -.mg-ih I~ retll!'l1 i reHcribed for g neral UI'iC thl'ougho'~t the St te •

. R. Th Circulnr do~s Ilot denl ~ith abstra.C'.tion UIle} tabldlltil)n. hut it _I'> iml)lie(1 tlllll th{:s~ operation!!! wiH be conducted at olle central of h:e. ]"01' t! is system "'el'Y go ld .Ilpel'vision luI I'(-:col'd -keephlg nrc req1lisite, um th~ Cl!mm Supedutt'ndellL should prescribe very min LIt ely the plocesS ttnd forms by melHl~ of which the books are to lJe c tl1ectcd from til ... ' C!l1umerator", indexed it! Tu.I.uku .... and C'mlsigut"d through thl~ Tttlllkd:Hs 01' ot,hel'wi3C! to I::llt:: IH"ad-c:!1141 e..l'S of thc-C(~1iSI R, It is also d ... sita le that nil c."'p<!J'lellced la1;..aka ~'mJlloy{~ ShOIl}lt nccompally ellch consiglllllent. :.ll)(! be rctained orl duty :is ab.!ltl"lICt.Ol' or inspector till th e hooks ))lH'C heen tabuhled. 89 that Ill! l~'ln he re£ 'rred t4) (lIJ q I) tiou of Io\_; c stc or occupatiou. &c,.

g. Copie' od' cir culars lInG foJ'IUS i!i!.-"lued Hrld presCI iUed 1 y thl..! C >IISLl~ 'omlJti~ iOlil'l' will he de.;;.patcherl t.o the Superintendent I>f CPI!.'IL dilcet. :11;

in Brlti h territory, so that all que t·otJ.s I'eganlillg ullminisll'ution of rll (tIH:ratio'ns ma,y be referred witlwlIt nnneCCSRltl'Y df'lay to tl ~ d,·partnll.::nt of tile Btal(" admiuislll\(iun to which he hi :lttaciled.

10. On the whole. it f' 'ern:; tha.t what. is lilO t; reqlJin:J is a(~live ~lIp 1'­

\'i ion. nnd the stl'jel .1 l ~ntioll of thl! ~latc Omdahl to t.he executiQIl of the;.' (~r<1 rs j~1 the llist~'ict~ pUllctnall.): 31H_} th.ofotlghly. F...xc pt lllong a fe \ (llnill 1 IlC~ .of COlllUHI1JJl:aiton, tr'\V(~llIllg Is (llffie tit. and slow} ~qO that t.he Sllpel"ll~ t',lclellt, cannot ill periOIl visit {.:'a·h district Wilhol1t con~i(l("rablc to'S of \#~ln.nble tilfJe. He lIlight, bowe\'er, bt' provided with an nssi-t'tant of such grade as ,,'ould cuny r,>spect .nmullg'~t tlw officials COlJcerlie 1. Who could then '('main • t bf"ad-qlutrterl" when the Snpl'riTlt,cndent \Hl5 oil 1:0111', and l~ioH V~,\a; whilst after the C('ll II • .such an ofilc('I", VtelJ·tl'nil, tlJ \\ollId he 1I ci.l ali Deputy Superintend ~nt, of t Ilf' nl Slt'HctiJlg eSlnhHshmelll. It is ('min ntl T

Jle"e ~,ry l('I'~ •. Ufi elscvdlt:r '. ,,,'ht-I) gen I'al nrc{'1' ha\'c Uf'C"ll iSStHlf', to plv 'ide t eans for 11 uring til ~il' ("xecution~ nw in t'lC plac\: mo~l rem ute .from "cntl"II i lflllrncp..

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