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GeneralPrinciples

of PharmacologyPlease refer to the Drug Guide for Paramedics that accompanies this

program as a special supplement.

ObjectivesPart 1: Basic Pharmacology (begins on p. 309)

After reading Part 1 of this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Describe important historical trends in pharmacology. (p. 309)

2. Differentiate among the chemical, generic (nonproprietary), official (USP), and

trade (proprietary) names of a drug. (pp. 309–310)

3. List the four main sources of drug products. (p. 310)

4. List the authoritative sources for drug information. (pp. 310–311)

5. List legislative acts controlling drug use and abuse in the United States.

(pp. 311–313)

6. Differentiate among Schedule I, II, III, IV, and V substances and list examples of

substances in each schedule. (p. 312)

7. Discuss standardization of drugs. (p. 313)

8. Discuss special considerations in drug treatment with regard to pregnant,

pediatric, and geriatric patients. (pp. 314–316)

9. Discuss the paramedic’s responsibilities and scope of management pertinent to

the administration of medications. (pp. 313–314)

10. Review the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to pharmacology.

(pp. 316–326)

11. List and describe general properties of drugs. (pp. 322–324)

12. List and describe liquid and solid drug forms. (pp. 321–322)

13. List and differentiate routes of drug administration. (pp. 320–321)

14. Differentiate between enteral and parenteral routes of drug administration.

(pp. 320–321)

15. Describe mechanisms of drug action. (pp. 322–324)

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16. List and differentiate the phases of drug activity,

including the pharmaceutical, pharmacokinetic, and

pharmacodynamic phases. (pp. 316–326)

17. Describe the processes called pharmacokinetics and pharmocodynamics,

including theories of drug action, drug-response relationship, factors altering drug

responses, predictable drug responses, iatrogenic drug responses, and

unpredictable adverse drug responses. (pp. 316–326)

18. Differentiate among drug interactions. (p. 326)

19. Discuss considerations for storing and securing medications. (p. 322)

20. List the components of a drug profile by classification. (p. 311)

Part 2: Drug Classifications (begins on p. 326)

After reading Part 2 of this chapter, you should be able to:

1. Describe how drugs are classified. (pp. 326–327)

2. Review the specific anatomy and physiology pertinent to pharmacology with

additional attention to autonomic pharmacology. (pp. 327–370)

3. List and describe common prehospital medications, including indications,

contraindications, side effects, routes of administration, and dosages. (pp. 327–370)

4. Given several patient scenarios, identify medications likely to be prescribed and

those that are likely a part of the prehospital treatment regimen. (pp. 327–370)

5. Given various patient medications, assess the pathophysiology of a patient’s

condition by identifying classifications of drugs. (pp. 326–370)

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