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Gender Relations in World History
AP World
Exam Review
Gender Relations in East Asia
8000- 600 CE• China- patriarchal society, emperor can have more
than one wife.• Matrilineal before Shang Dynasty.
Gender Relations in East Asia
600- 1450 CE
• Arranged marriages
• Neo- Confucianism increased patriarchy system; foot-binding
• Lower class had more freedom of movement
• Inheritance and property rights
Gender Relations in East Asia
1450- 1750• Japan- women live with increased restrictions on
daily lives, obey husband or face death.• Women educated at home.• Lower class women worked in fields and were
viewed as more valuable
Gender Relations in East Asia
1750- 1914
• Women have little freedom
• Society corrupted because of Opium Trade (leads to war with British Empire)
Gender Relations in East Asia
1914- Present
• Women able to gain prestigious jobs, although remain inferior to men.
• Can Divorce and marry again.
• Expected to provide sons.
Gender Relations in Western Europe
8000- 600 CE
• Greece: Only males capable of perfection; women secluded (except for slaves)
• Rome: Paterfamilias (strict authority centered around eldest male); women have influence on family, public lives
Gender Relations in Western Europe
600- 1450 CE
• 15% of women would die in childbirth
• Could own and inherit property
• Women could enter religious life as nuns
• Ran household when men were away (Crusades)
• Lower class women had more freedom
Gender Relations in Western Europe
1450- 1750
• Upper class women increased education
• Divorce easier for women to obtain
• Could own businesses (normally with men)
• Victims in witch hunts
• A few monarchs (Elizabeth, Isabella, and Catherine)
Gender Relations in Western Europe
1750- 1914
• Industrial Revolution- Poor women who had taken care of home/worked in fields shifted to factories.
• Feminism begins (Mary Wollstonecraft)
• Full property rights by the end of the 19th century; divorce laws; higher education; active in politics
• Right to vote in Norway, Finland
Gender Relations in Western Europe
1914- Present
• Men and Women almost equal
• Greater economic role in WWI and WWII
• Can choose when to get married and not dependant on family to make choices.
• Well Educated- most prominent region for women
Gender Relations in Eastern Europe
8000- 600 CE
No Information
Gender Relations in Eastern Europe
600- 1450 CE
• Women treated as inferior to men, but could have say in family life.
• Both men and women work, mostly agricultural style.
• Serfdom= protection for men and women
Gender Relations in Eastern Europe
1450- 1750
• Russia- nobles adopt Western European culture thru language (some spoke French) and dressing style
• Common people remain the same.
Gender Relations in Eastern Europe
1750- 1914
• Emancipation of Serfs in 1861 brings massive changes
• Russia modernizes, mostly because of unrest among lower class.
• Women play role in radical groups.
Gender Relations in Eastern Europe
1914- Present
• Women still subordinate to men; however, both are required to work.
• Orthodox Church doesn’t encourage divorce.
• Both males and females educated.
• Soviet system increased gender equality
Gender Relations in South Asia
8000- 600 CE• Women gained little rights as “needed supervision”
from males• Patriarchal- Sati• Couldn’t own property
Gender Relations in South Asia
600- 1450 CE
• Women remain subordinate to men.
• Caste system decides each person’s place in society.
• Women not educated, worked at home.
Gender Relations in South Asia
1450- 1750
• Mughals outlaw Sati, encourage widows to remarry
• Female aristocrats were awarded titles, earned salaries, owned land, and ran businesses
• Creative fields open to women
• All women were allowed to work, inherit land
Gender Relations in South Asia
1750- 1914
• British try to outlaw both Sati and Caste System, still both illegally continued.
• Few girls educated.
Gender Relations in South Asia
1914- Present
• Still extremely patriarchal but women can work + have good jobs
• Expected to provide sons. Females not as valuable as male babies
Gender Relations in Latin America
8000- 600 CE
No clear evidence; however, most likely patriarchal society based on Latin American history.
Gender Relations in Latin America
600- 1450 CE
• Women viewed as property in some cultures
• Women could become priestess or work under the royal family.
• Human Sacrifice common.
Gender Relations in Latin America
1450- 1750
• Changes brought by Europeans, Columbian Exchange, slavery encouraged
• European disease diminish Aztec and Incan culture and population.
Gender Relations in Latin America
1750-1914
• Social inequalities persist in spite of laws against it
• People of mixed race, Indians, blacks victims of informal prejudice
• Slavery continued into 19th Century
Gender Relations in Latin America
1914- Present
• Rise of Feminism, more than just legal equality and right to vote (cultural and economical)
• Dictatorial governments limit rights of women
• Communism promotes gender equality
Gender Relations in the Middle East
8000- 600 CE
• Men were hunters, women were food gatherers.
• Ruled by elite, rulers, priests, and patriarchal society.
• Women can gain power in royal courts, priestesses, scribes, small business
Gender Relations in the Middle East
600- 1450 CE
• Women initially able to conduct businesses and hold certain jobs
• Women don’t need to veil themselves
• Divorce is not tolerated
Gender Relations in the Middle East
1450-1750
• Harems-complex social network, originally non-Islamic slaves/prisoners
• Mothers had influence if son represented in court-became members of sultan’s extended family
• Could own property, testify in court
Gender Relations in the Middle East
1750-1914
• Women remain influential in Ottoman Empire
• European influence lead to fewer restrictions on women
Gender Relations in the Middle East
1914- Present
• Laws still very religious (Shari’a) but some women can have businesses
• Males can have up to 4 wives if they can provide substantial lifestyle for each
