GB T 17107-1997 Structural Steel Grades and Mechanical Property for Forgings

GB/T 17107 – 1997

Foreword

This standard is made to carry out normalized and standardized management to carbon constructional steel

forging and alloy constructional steel forging according to those specified in GB 221 - 79 Notations for

designation of iron and steel; and also adds some designations of carbon constructional steel forging and alloy

constructional steel forging for general purpose. It aims to avoid coinciding with international in designation

setting. It also prescribes chemical composition variation and mechanical property according to characteristics of

forging by referring to standards both from abroad and home and on the basis of lots of experiments and studies.

Sampling location is prescribed in detail referring to standard ASTM A 668, which is scientific and rational.

Those mentioned above make designations, chemical composition of constructional steel forging; chemical

composition variation and mechanical property of finished products have nationwide united provisions. To some

extent, this standard is brought in line with international standards. Each profession can put forward technical

provisions based on provisions of this standard and integrating own vocational characteristics and particular cases.

Appendix A of this standard is appendix on standards.

This standard was proposed by Ministry of Metallurgical Industry of P.R.C.

This standard is under the jurisdiction of Beijing Research Institute of Metallurgy Equipment of Ministry of

Metallurgical Industry.

This standard was drafted by Beiman Special Steel Co., Ltd., China First Heavy Industries, Beijing Research

Institute of Metallurgy Equipment of Ministry of Metallurgical Industry.

Chief drafting staffs of this standard: Li Xinghua, Wang Mingjia, and Li Yajun

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National Standard of the People's Republic of China

GB/T 17107 – 1997

Structural Steel Grades and Mechanical Property for Forgings

1 Scope

This standard prescribes the designation, chemical composition, product analysis variation, mechanical property

and sampling location for mechanical property of constructional steel used for forging.

This standard is applicable to general forgings used in equipment of metallurgy, mining, marine accessory and

engineering machinery, and these forgings are sampled for determining mechanical property after bulk heat

treatment.

Mechanical property specified in this standard is not applicable to forgings of power station equipment such as

principal shaft, rotor, impeller and pressure vessel which are twirled at high temperature and high speed.

2. Normative references

The following standards contain provisions which constitute provisions of this standard through reference in this

text. At time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to

agreements based on this standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent

editions of the standards indicated below.

GB 223 Methods for chemical analysis of iron steel and alloy. (Refer to appendix A)

GB 228– 87 Method of metal tensile test

GB/T 229– 94 Metallic materials - Charpy notch impact test

GB 23l – 84 Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test

GB 6397– 86 Metallic materials - Test pieces for tensile testing

3 Designation and chemical compositions

3.1 Designations and chemical compositions (heat analysis) of carbon constructional shall be in accordance with

provisions in Table 1.

3.2 Designation and chemical composition (heat analysis) of alloy constructional steel shall be in accordance with

provisions in Table 2. Contents of sulfur, phosphorus, residual copper, chromium and nickel in steel shall be in

accordance with the provisions of Table 3.

Approved by State Bureau of Technical Supervision on 1997.11.11

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Table 1 Carbon Constructional Steel

No. Grade Chemical Composition % Heat

Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction

Mechanical Property Hard

ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V S P Cu N/mm2

min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

1

≤100 longitudinal

100~300 longitudinal



2

normalized

and tempered

≤100 longitudinal



3

normalized,

or normalized

and tempered

≤100 longitudinal




4

normalized,

or normalized

and tempered

≤100 longitudinal



5

normalized,

or normalized

and tempered

≤100 longitudinal




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Table 1 （continued）


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter or

thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction

Mechanical Property Hardness

HB C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V S P Cu N/mm2

min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

6

normalized,

or normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

tempering. longitudinal

longitudinal

normalized

and tempered

tangential

tangential

tangential

tangential

7

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

tempering longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

Table 1 (Continued)

No. Gra

de

Chemical Composition % Heat

Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V S P Cu N/

mm2

min.

N/mm2 min.

J

min. % min.

8

normalized,

or normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal


tangential

normalized

and tempered

tangential

tangential

tangential

longitudinal

9

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal


longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 1 (End)

No. Gra

de


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V S P Cu N/mm2

min.

N/m

m2 min.

J

min. % min.

1

normalized

and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

Note: When use steel scrap to smelt designations except that of Q235, Cu content should be no more than 0.30%.

Table 2 Alloy Constructional Steel

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V Others tempering N/

mm2

min.

N/m

m2 min.

J

min. % min.

1

normalized

and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

2


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

3

normalized

and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (Continued)


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter or

thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction

Mechanical Property Hardness

HB C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V others N/mm2

min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

4

normalized and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

tangential

tangential

tangential

tangential

5


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

6


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

7


longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (Continued)


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V Others N/mm2

min.

N/mm2

min.

J min.

% min.

8

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

tangential

tangential

9


longitudinal

longitudinal

tangential

tangential

10


longitudinal

longitudinal

11


longitudinal

longitudinal

12


longitudinal

longitudinal

13

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V others N/m

m2 min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

14

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal


longitudinal

15


16


17


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

18


longitudinal

19

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

20

quenched and

tempered

tangential

tangential

tangential

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Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V others N/mm2

min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

21

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

22


longitudinal

23


longitudinal

longitudinal

tangential

tangential

tangential

tangential

24


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB

C Si Mn Cr Ni Mo V others N/

mm2

min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

25

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

26


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

27

carburized and

quenched and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

28

carburized and

quenched and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

29

longitudinal

30

carburized and

quenched and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimensio

n

(Diameter

or

thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB


m2 min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

31

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

32


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

33


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

tangential

tangential

34


longitudinal

longitudinal

35


longitudinal

longitudinal

quantity

added

B

0.001

0.0035

quantity

added B

0.001

0.0035

Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB


m2 min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

36

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

37


longitudinal

38

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

39

normalized

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

40


tangential

41

tempering tangential

longitudinal

42


longitudinal

longitudinal

43


longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specime

n

Directio

n


ness

HB


min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

44

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

45

quenched and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal


longitudinal

46


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

47


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

48

carburized

and quenched

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

Table 2 (Continued)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specime

n

Directio

n


ness

HB


min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

49


50

carburized

and quenched

and tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

51


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

52


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

53


longitudinal

54


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

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Table 2 (End)

No. Grad

e


Treatment

Condition

Sectional

Dimension

(Diameter

or thickness

)mm

Specimen

Direction


ness

HB


m2 min.

N/mm2

min.

J

min. % min.

55

tempering

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

56


longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

57

quenched

and

tempered

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

longitudinal

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GB/T 17107-1997

Table 3 Sulphur, Phosphorus and Residual Copper, Chromium and Nickel Content in Alloy Constructional Steel

Steel Class Code Name P S Cu Cr Ni

%min.

High-quality Steel - 0.035 0.035 0.30 0.30 0.30

Advanced

High-quality Steel

A 0.025 0.025 0.25 0.30 0.30

Super High-quality

Steel

E 0.0.25 0.015 0.25 0.30 0.30

4 Chemical composition variations of finished products

4.1 Chemical composition variations of finished products carbon constructional steel forging should be in accordance with the

provisions in Table 4, alloy constructional steel forging should be in accordance with the provisions in Table 5.

4.2 When chemical compositions analysis of finished products is required, acquirers shall make specimens form the forge piece

f or its extended parts, from between 1/2 radius and external surface for disk forgings or solid forgings, from between 1/2 wall

thickness and external surface for hollow forgings or ring forgings.

Table 4 Chemical Composition Variations of Carbon Constructional Steel Forging

Element Rated

Maximum

Range %

Cross Sectional Area, cm2

Allowable variations that exceed upper or lower limits %

Table 5 Chemical Composition Variations of Alloy Constructional Steel Forging

Element Rated

Maximum

Range %



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GB/T 17107-1997

Table 5（End）

Element Rated

Maximum

Range %



5 Mechanical Properties

5.1 Mechanical properties of carbon constructional steel forging should be in accordance with the provisions in Table 1.

5.2 Mechanical properties of alloy constructional steel forging should be in accordance with the provisions in Table 2.

5.3 Mechanical properties of forgings must be tested after property heat treatment and before surface treatment.

5.4 When specimens have been taken, no heat treatment that affects the mechanical properties or machining that affects

test results is allowed.

5.5 Mechanical properties mainly include tension, impact property and hardness of materials. When conducting tension,

impact and hardness tests at the same time, hardness value can be used for reference. Also can conduct a certain test of

tension, impact or hardness.

5.6 When using transverse, tangential or radial specimens to measure mechanical properties of forging, mechanical

properties is allowed to be lower than the numerical value of longitudinal mechanical properties, the degree of reduce is

shown as Table 6.

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GB/T 17107-1997

Table 6

Mechanical

Property

Index

Specimen

Direction

Acid Open-hearth Furnace

and Electrical Steel

Basic Open-hearth Steel

Forging Ratio 1-25t steel ingot forging >25t steel ingot forging

≤5 >5 2~3 3~5 >5 2~3 3~5 >5

Allowable percentage to reduce mechanical properties, %

tangential

transverse

tangential

transverse

tangential

transverse

tangential

transverse

tangential

transverse

6. The sampling position of mechanical properties.

6.1 The mechanical properties specimen should be sampled from forgings or the lengthened, extended or thickened parts.

The dimensions of lengthened, extended or thickened parts are determined by the nominal diameter or thickness of forgings

through rough machining, regardless of their thick ends, shoulders, flanges or journals. For axial forgings having been

normalized and tempered, the sampling position can be the extend parts of minor diameter’s axle heads. As shown in Figure

1.

6.2 Mechanical property are allowed to take samples from rough specimens form the same heat and through one heat

treatment. The dimension of such rough specimens is equivalent to that of forgings’ sampling position.

6.3 For forging longitudinal tension testing specimens, positions of the center of gauge length or axis of tangential tension

specimen and impact notch of specimen should by determined by one of the following methods.

a) For solid axial forgings, the sampling position of is at 1/3 radius position from the surface; for square and oblong

forgings, 1/3 of the section diagonal line staring from the end. For forgings which undergo quenching, 90mm from the end

or dimension position equals to 1/2 diameter or of the thickness (take the smaller value of these two), see Figure 1a.

b) For hollow forgings, the sampling position should be at 1/2 wall thickness; for forgings which undergo quenching,

90mm from the end or position equals to 1/2 wall thickness dimension (take the smaller value of these two), see Figure 1b.

c) For disc forgings, when the specimen is the extension part of the external diameter, the sampling position is at 1/2

height; for forgings which undergo quenching, 90mm from the external diameter or dimension equals to 1/2 height (take the

smaller value of these two). When the specimen is the height thickened part, the sampling position is at 1/2 height, but for

forgings which undergo quenching, 90mm from the each surface or position equals to 1/2 thickness (take the smaller value

of these two), see Figure 1c.

d) For ring forgings, when the specimen is the extension part of height, the sampling position is at 1/2 well thickness,

for forgings which undergo quenching, 90mm from the ring end face or dimension equals to 1/2 wall thickness (take the

smaller value of these two). When the specimen is the height thickened part, the sampling position is at 1/2 height, but for

forgings which undergo quenching, 90mm from the external diameter or dimension equals to 1/2 height (take the smaller

value of these two), see Figure 1d.

6.4 The sampling position of traverse specimens should in accordance with purchaser’s drawings.

6.5 For specially required forgings, the sampling positions of mechanical property should be agreed by both supplier and

purchaser.

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GB/T 17107-1997

6.6 Forgings which undergo normalizing or normalizing and tempering, heat-affected areas and sections can not be omitted.

annealing,

normalizing

Longitudinal specimen

Tangential specimen Extension part


Extension part

Tangential specimen

Longitudinal specimen Quenching, tempering

a. Axis or square, oblong forging

Extension part Tangential specimen


b. hollow forging

Extension part

Tangential specimen Tangential specimen

c. disc forging

Figure 1. Sampling position of forgings

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GB/T 17107-1997

7 Specimens

Dimension of forgings tension and impact specimens should be in accordance with provisions in GB 6397, GB/T 229.

8 Test Methods

8.1 Chemical analysis testing should be in accordance with provisions in standards of Annex A (Normative Annex).

8.2 Tension testing should be in accordance with provisions in GB 228.

8.3 Impact testing should be in accordance with provisions in GB/T 229.

8.4 Hardness testing should be in accordance with provisions in GB 231.

9. Sampling Number

Sampling number of forging steels should meet the requirements for technical standard of products.

Extension part

Ex

ten

sio

n p

art

Tangential specimen

Tangential specimen

c. ring forging

Figure 1 End

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GB/T 17107-1997

Annex A

(Normative Annex)

Methods for Chemical Analysis Normative references

GB 223.3-88 Method for Chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The diantipyryl methane

phosphomolybdate gravimetric method for the determination of phosphorus content.

GB 223.5-88 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Oxalate-ferrous Sulfate

Molybdosilicate Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Silicon Content

GB/T 223.6-94 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy. The neutralization titrimetric

method for the determination of boron content

GB/T 223.11-91 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The Ammonium Persulfate

Oxidation Volumetric Method for the Determination of Chromium Content

GB/T 223.12-91 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The Sodium Carbonate

Separation-diphenyl Carbazide Photometric Method for the Determination of Chromium Content

GB 223.13-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy-The Ammonium

Ferrous Sulfate Titration Method for the Determination of Vanadium Content

GB 223.14-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - the

N-benzoy-n-phenylhydroxylamine Extraction Photometric Method for the Determination Of Vanadium

Content

GB/T 223.16-91 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy－The chromotropic acid

photometric method for the determination of titanium content

GB/T 223.18-94 Methods for chemical analysis of iron，steel and alloy--The sodium thiosulfate separation

iodimetric method for the determination of copper content

GB 223.19-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron Steel and Alloy; The Neocuproine-chloroform

Extraction Photometric Method for the Determination of Copper Content

GB/T 223.23-94 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The Dimethylglyoxime

Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel Content

GB/T 223.24-94 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy.the Extraction Seperation - The

Dimethylglyoxime Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel Content

GB/T 223.25-94 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy - The Dimethylglyoxime

Gravimetric Method for the Determination of Nickel Content

GB 223.26-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron Steel and Alloy - The Thiocyanate Direct

Photometric Method for the Determination of Molybderum Content

GB/T223.39-94 Methods for chemical analysis iron,steel and alloy The sulphochlorophenol S photometric

method for the determination of niobium content

GB/T223.43-94 Methods for chemical analysis of iron,steel and alloy Determination of tungsten content

GB 223.53-87 Methods for chemical analysis of iron, steel and alloy - The flame atomic absorption

spectrophotometric method for the determination of copper content.

GB 223.54-87 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Flame Atomic Absorption

Spectrophotometric Method for the Determination of Nickel Content

GB 223.58-87 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Sodium Arsenite-sodium

Nitrite Titrimetric Method for the Determination of Manganese Content

GB 223.59-87 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Reduced Molybdoantimonyl

Phosphoric Acid Photometric Method for the Determination of Phosphorus Content

GB 223.60-87 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Perchloric Acid Dehydration

Gravimetric Method for the Determination of Silicon Content

GB 223.61-88 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Ammonium

Phosphomolybdate Volumetric Method for the Determination of Phosphorus Content

GB 223.62-88 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Butyl Acetate Extraction

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Photometric Method for the Determination of Phosphorus Content

GB 223.63-88 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Sodium (potassium)

Periodate Photometric Method for the Determination of Manganese Content

GB 223.64-88 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Flame Atomic Absorption

Spectrometric Method for the Determination of Manganese Content

GB 223.66-89 Methods for chemical analysis of iron，steel and alloy--The thiocyanate chlorpromazine

hydrochloride--chloro form extraction photometric method for the determination of tungsten content

GB 223.67-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Reducing

Distillation-methylene Blue Photometric Method for the Determination of Sulfur Content

GB 223.68-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Combustion Potassium Iodate

Volumetric Method for the Determination of Sulfur Content

GB 223.69-89 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Gas-Volumetric Method after

Combustion for the Determination of Carbon Content

GB/T 223.72-91 Methods for Chemical Analysis of Iron, Steel and Alloy--The Alumina Chromatographic

Separation-barium Sulfate Gravimetric Method for the Determination of Sulphur Content

GB/T 223.72-91 Methods for chemical analysis of iron ， steel and alloy--The methanol

distillation-curcuminphotometric method for the determination of boron content

Documents

GB T 17107-1997 Structural Steel Grades and Mechanical Property for Forgings