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MYcÖRvZš¿x evsjv‡`k miKvi
‡b․-cwienb gš¿Yvjq
evsjv‡`k AvÂwjK Af¨šÍixb ‡b․-cwienb cÖKí-1
(PÆMÖvg-XvKv-AvïMÄ Kwi‡Wvi)
cwi‡ekMZ Ges mvgvwRK w`K wbiƒcb
Kvh©wbe©vnx mswÿß weeiY
evsjv‡`k Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb KZ…©cÿ (weAvBWweøDwUG)
Rvbyqvwi 2016
SFG1538P
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horiz
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Dis
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2
m~PxcÎ
Av`¨ÿimyó Ges mswÿß bv‡gi ZvwjKv t ........................................................................................................ 4
1. f~wgKv ............................................................................................................................................... 6
2. cUf~wg t ............................................................................................................................................ 7
2.1 cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí ................................................................................................................................ 8
2.2 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wba©viY ..................................................................................................... 9
3. bxwZ, AvBb Ges cÖkvmwbK KvVv‡gv ..........................................................................................................11
3.1 evsjv‡`‡k cÖ‡hvR¨ AvBb I bxwZgvjv ..................................................................................................11
3.2 cwi‡ek msµvšÍ cÖwµqv .................................................................................................................. 13
3.3 weke¨vs‡Ki iÿvKeP bxwZmg~n ........................................................................................................ 14
3.4 evsjv‡`‡ki AvBb Ges weke¨vs‡Ki bxwZgvjv cÖwZcvjb ch©vq .................................................................. 15
4. cÖK‡íi weeiY ............................................................................................................................... 17
4.1 cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨ ............................................................................................................................. 17
4.2 wbg©vY Dcv`vb I Drm .................................................................................................................... 20
4.3 wbg©vY ev Íevqb mgqm~Px: ................................................................................................................ 20
4.4 cÖKí LiP .................................................................................................................................. 21
5. cÖKí weKí ................................................................................................................................... 22
5.1 cÖKí wenxb Ae¯vq ....................................................................................................................... 22
5.2 Af¨šÍixb ‡b․-cwienb e¨e vi weKí ................................................................................................. 22
5.3 bve¨Zv iæU iÿYv‡eÿY Kivi weKí Dcvq ........................................................................................... 22
5.4 †WªwRs ev Lbb Kv‡h©i weKí c×wZ ................................................................................................... 23
5.5 LbbK…Z mvgMÖx e¨e vcbvi weKí ...................................................................................................... 23
5.6 weKí Pzw³i Dc vcbv .................................................................................................................... 23
5.7 weKí Ae vb Ges Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛ †÷k‡bi bKkvi w`Kmg~n ................................................................. 23
6. cwi‡e‡ki weeiY ............................................................................................................................ 24
6.1 †f․wZK cwi‡ek ........................................................................................................................... 24
6.2 ivmvqwbK cwi‡ek ......................................................................................................................... 25
6.3 •RweK cwi‡ek ............................................................................................................................ 26
6.4 Av_©-mvgvwRK wfwˇiLv .................................................................................................................. 28
7. Rjevqy cwieZ©b we‡ePbv I g~j¨vqb ..................................................................................................... 30
8. m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve Ges Dckg c`‡ÿc ....................................................................................................... 32
8.1 mvaviY ...................................................................................................................................... 32
8.2 cÖfve wba©vib c×wZ ...................................................................................................................... 32
8.3 wba©vwiZ cÖfv‡ei mswÿß weeiY ........................................................................................................ 33
3
8.4 Lbb Kvh© Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY Kvh©µg †_‡K cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve ................................................................... 34
8.5. Lbb I wbg©vY Kvh©µg †_‡K mvgv‡Ri Dci cÖfvet ............................................................................... 36
8.6 Kvh©µg I iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi mgq AvBWweøDwU I b`x Uvwg©bv‡ji cÖfve: ........................................................... 37
9. µgea©gvb Ges cÖewZ©Z cÖfv‡ei g~j¨vqb ............................................................................................... 39
9.1 D‡Ïk¨ ....................................................................................................................................... 39
9.2 cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí cÖm‡½ wmAvBAvBG ..................................................................................................... 39
9.3 RjR Rxe ‣ewPΨ ......................................................................................................................... 39
9.4 Wjwdb ...................................................................................................................................... 39
9.5 Bwjk ........................................................................................................................................ 40
9.6 Dckg c`‡ÿc ............................................................................................................................ 40
10. cwi‡ek e¨e vcbvi cwiKíbv ........................................................................................................ 41
10.1 mvaviY cÖkgb e¨e vi wewfbœ †kÖYx : ................................................................................................ 41
10.2 cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e v........................................................................................................................ 41
10.3 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK e¨e vcbv ................................................................................................... 42
10.4 cwiexÿY cwiKíbv: .................................................................................................................... 45
10.5 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖwkÿY ..................................................................................................... 45
10.6 evwn¨K gwbUwis ev cwiexÿY .......................................................................................................... 45
10.7 ÿwZ cÖwZKvi Kjv‡K․kj .............................................................................................................. 45
10.8 cÖwZ‡e`b •Zix ........................................................................................................................... 45
10.9 BGgwc LiP : ............................................................................................................................ 45
11. myweav‡fvMxM‡bi civgk© I cÖKvk ................................................................................................... 47
11.1 mswÿß weeiY ............................................................................................................................ 47
11.3 cÖKvk ...................................................................................................................................... 49
mviYx I msL¨v ivwki ZvwjKv
mviYx-1 : evsjv‡`‡k b`x iæ‡Ui AvBWweøDwU †kÖYxweb¨vm
mviYx-2: evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii AvBb I wek^e¨vs‡Ki iÿvKeP bxwZgvjvmn cÖKí cÖwZcvjb
mviYx-3: Dcv`vb 1 AvBWweøDwU iæU Ae vb I cÖv°wjZ †WªwRs
mviYx-4: miÄvg 1 RvnvR AvkÖ‡qi Ae vb
mviYx-5: miÄvg 2 b`x Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛs †÷k‡bi Ae¯vb
mviYx-6: cÖKí-1 Gi e¨q cÖ°jb
mviYx-7: cÖfve gvb`‡Ûi Zvrch©
mviYx-8 m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve I Zv‡`i Zvrch©
mviYx-9 Kvh©Ki gwbUwis cwiKíbv
mviYx-10: cwi‡ekMZ e¨e vcbv I cÖKí †`Lvïbvi LiP cÖv°jb
mviYx-11: wewfbœ civgk© mfvq e¨w³i msL¨v
mviYx-12: we‡eP¨ welq m‡¤^va‡b cwiKíbv I DÌvwcZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgm¨v
4
wPÎ 1 : cÖKí n¯Í‡ÿ‡ci Ae vb
wPÎv 2 : miKvi KZ…©K Bwjk bv aivi †NvlYv
wPÎ 3 : cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡b cÖ ÍvweZ cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gv
Av`¨ÿimyó Ges mswÿß bv‡gi ZvwjKv t
wewWGj wb¤œ wba©vib‡hvM¨ mxgv
wewWwU evsjv‡`k UvKv
weAvBWweøDwUG evsjv‡`k Avf¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb KZ…©cÿ
weIwW •Re Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v
weGjwcG evsjv‡`k ¯je›`i KZ…©cÿ
wewc ‡miv Abykxjb
wmGbwR iƒcvšÍwiZ cÖvK…wZK M¨vm
wWBwcwUwm ‡WK I BwÄb Kg©Pvix‡`i cÖwkÿY †m›Uvi
wWI `ªebxf~Z Aw·‡Rb
wWIB cwi‡ek Awa`ßi
wWIGd grm¨ Awa`ßi
wWGmwm ‡WªwRs mycviwfkb Kbmvj‡U›U BG cwi‡ekMZ wba©viY
BwmG cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb Abyhvqx cwi‡ekMZfv‡e msKUvcbœ GjvKv
Bwmwm cwi‡ekMZ QvocÎ
BwmIwc cwi‡ekMZ e¨envi wewa
BwmAvi cwi‡ek msiÿY wewagvjv
BGBPGm cwi‡eMZ ¯v¯ I wbivcËv
BAvBG cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve wba©viY I g~j¨vqb
BGgGd cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯vcbv KvVv‡gv
BGgwc cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯vcbv cwiKíbv
BGmG cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb I wba©viY
BGmAvBG cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖfve g~j¨vqb I wba©viY
B I Gm cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK
wRIwe evsjv‡`k miKvi
wRAviGg ÿwZ cÖwZKvi Kjv‡K․kj
GBeGBP cwievi
AvBBB cÖv_wgK cwi‡ekMZ cixÿv
AvBBDwmGb B›Uvib¨vkbvj BDwbqb di KbRvi‡fkb Ae †bPvi
AvBWweøDGg BwbwówUDU Ae IqvUvi g‡Wwjs
AvBWweøD Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb
GgBGd cwi‡ek I eb gš¿Yvjq
GgGAviwcIGj RvnvR †_‡K `~lY cÖwZ‡iv‡a AvšÍR©vwZK m‡¤§jb
GgwR/Gj wjUvi cÖwZ wgwjMÖvg
GgIGm ‡b․-cwienb gš¿Yvjq
GbwRI †emiKvix cÖwZôvb
GbGjwUG bb-‡jwÛs KvwiMwi mn‡hvwMZv
Iwc cwiPjb bxwZgvjv
IGmwcGAvi Im‡jv /c¨vwim m‡¤§jb (DËi-c~e© AvU©jvw›UK †b․-cwi‡ek myiÿv)
wcwmAvi ‡f․wZK mvs¯‥…wZK m¤ú`mg~n
wc.Gg wbw`©ó welq
wcAvBBD cÖKí ev¯Íevqb BDwbU
5
AviGwc cyb©evmb Kg©cwiKíbv
AviwcGd c~be©vmb KvVv‡gvi Kg©cšv
wU g¨vwUªK Ub A_ev Ub
wUwmGGd cwieZ©bg~jK Kve©b m¤ú‡`i myweav
wUwWGm ‡gvU `ªexf~Z `ªeb
BDGmwW BDGm Wjvi
wfBwm avh©¨K…Z cwi‡ekMZ Dcv`vb
weIwm DØvqx •Rwe ‡h․M
WweøDwe wek^e¨vsK
WweøDwewR wek^e¨vsK MÖæc
6
1. f~wgKv
wZbwU eo Dcv`v‡bi mgš‡q MwVZ Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb LvZ Ges XvKv-PÆMÖvg I XvKv AvïMÄ b`x Kwi‡Wvi
Dbœqb Ki‡Z evsjv‡`k miKvi KZ…©K evsjv‡`k AvÂwjK Avf¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb cÖKí-1 wk‡ivbv‡g cÖ ÍvweZ cÖKí
MÖnY Kiv n‡q‡Q| Dcv`vb-1 Gi g va¨‡g Rvnv‡Ri QqwU SoKvjxb AvkÖq‡K›`ª Dbœqb I wbg©vY Ges mvZ eQi
†gqv‡` Pzw³i Kvh©vw` m¤úv`‡bi gva¨‡g cÖKí GjvKvq b`x Kwi‡Wvi Ges †dwi c_ ‡WªwRs (Lbb) Ges
iÿYv‡eÿY‡K AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e| Dcv`vb-2 hv b`x Kwi‡Wvimn †P․ÏwU j NvU †÷kb Dbœqb / cybevm©b Ges QqwU
Øxc b`x e›`i (Uvwg©bvj) Gi wbg©vY‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡i| Dcv`vb-3 hv we`¨gvb cÖwkÿY cÖwZôvb I ÿz ª cwiwai
cixÿvg~jK b`x cÖwkÿY KvR cyb¯vc‡bi Rb¨ c~Z© Kg©mn cÖvwZôvwbK mvg_©¨ Dbœqb c`‡ÿc‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡i|
Dcv`vb-1 Gi Rb¨ GKwU Dcjw×g~jK cwi‡ekMZ Ges mvgvwRK cÖfve wba©viY (BGmAvBG) cÖ¯‧Z I cÖYqb Kiv
n‡q‡Q ; Ges GKwU cwi‡ekMZ e¨e¯vcbv KvVv‡gv (BGg Gd) Ges cybwb®úwËg~jK bxwZ KvVv‡gv (AviwcGd) 2 I
3 Dcv`vb Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖYqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| BGmAvBG, BGgGd I AviwcGd KvMRcÎ ev WKz‡g‡›U ewY©Z mvwe©K
cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖfv‡ei mswÿß weeiYx AÎ Kvh©wbe©vnx mswÿß weeiY Zz‡j aiv n‡”Q|
cÖK‡íi cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK myweav e„w× Ki‡Z Ges m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~n‡K m‡¤^vab Ki‡Z cÖvmw½K cwi‡ekMZ I
mvgvwRK e¨e¯vcbv cwiKíbvq wbimb c`‡ÿcmg~n eY©bv I AšÍ©f~³ Kiv n‡jv|
GB cÖwZ‡e`bwU wb¤œwjwLZ wZbwU L‡Ûi gva¨‡g mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Qt
LÛ ÔKÕ - cÖK‡íi weeib
LÛ ÔLÕ - cwi‡ekMZ g~j¨vqb Ges cÖkgb cwiKíbv
LÛ ÔMÕ - mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb Ges cÖkgb cwiKíbv
cwiwkó-1 - mvgvwRK cÖfve wbiƒc‡bi we ÍvwiZ weeib Ges c~be©vmb KvVv‡gvi Kg©cšv
7
LÛ ÔKÕ - cÖK‡íi weeib
2. cUf~wg t
evsjv‡`‡k Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb †m±i: evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU eo I cÖvbešÍ Avf¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb †m±i i‡q‡Q|
†gv‡Ui Dci evsjv‡`‡k mKj gvjevnx hvbevn‡bi 50% Ges GK-PZz©_vsk hvÎevnx hvbevnb D³ b`xc‡_ PjvPj
K‡i| †`‡ki eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ `~ieZx© ¯v‡b ev As‡k †hvMv‡hv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î †`‡ki mvgvwRK I µgea©gvb A_©‣bwZK
Dbœq‡b Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb e¨e¯v ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv Ki‡Q| we‡kl K‡i el©vi gZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †g․my‡g cwien‡bi
Ab¨ avivi m„wó K‡i| ZvQvov Avg`vbx I ißvbx gvjvgvj cwien‡bi ‡ÿ‡Î †b․-cwienb GKwU wbf©i‡hvM¨ Dcvq|
evsjv‡`‡ki b`x c‡_i `xN© AvbygvwbK 24000 wK.wg. , Gi g‡a¨ eZ©gv‡b el©v ‡g․my‡g AvbygvwbK 5,923 wK.wg
bve¨‡hvM¨ _v‡K, hv A‡±vei †_‡K †g ch©šÍ ï®‥ †g․my‡g cÖvq 3865 wK.wg ch©šÍ m¼zwPZ nq| m‡e©v”P MfxiZv mxgv
Abymv‡i b`xmg~n‡K g~jZ wb‡¤œv³ †kÖYx‡Z (mviYx-1) wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q - †h m‡e©v”P MfxiZvq †Kvb RvnvR b`xi
wbw`©ó ¯v‡b PjvPj Ki‡Z cv‡i| PÆMÖvg I gsjv ‡_‡K XvKv Ges bvivqbMÄ †`‡ki cÖavb mgy`ª e›`i mg~‡ni g‡a¨
AšÍf~©³ _vK‡e K¬vm Iqvb iæUmg~n, evowZ wn‡m‡e myigv-‡gNbv b`x e¨e¯vq AvïMÄ| Z…Zxq I PZz_© †kÖYxi b`xc_
cÖavbZ XvKv Kv‡Q I AvïM‡Äi Dˇi Ae¯wZ|
mviYx 1: evsjv‡`‡ki ‡b․-cwienb Dc‡hvMx b`xc_mg~‡ni mg~‡ni †kÖYxweb¨vm
‡kÖYx RvnvR PjvP‡ji Rb¨ m‡ev©”P
MfxiZv (I b~¨bZg cÖKvwkZ
b`x MfxiZv)
b~¨bZg bvjv
c‡_i cÖk Í
b~¨bZg Dj¤
Rvnv‡Ri RvqMv
Lvwj
b`xi •`N©¨ ‡gvU % ‡b․c_
wK.wg.
1 6.65 wgt (3.96 wgt) 76.22 wgt 18.30 wgt 683 wK.wg. 11%
2 2.13 wgt (2.43 wgt) 76.22 wgt 12.20 wgt 1,000 wK.wg. 17%
3 1.52 wgt (1.82 wgt) 30.46 wgt 7.62 wgt 1,886 wK.wg. 32%
4 1.52 wgt Gi Kg 20.00 wgt 5.00 wgt 2400 wK.wg. 40%
evsjv‡`‡k b`xmg~‡ni bve¨Zv Dbœqb cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt evsjv‡`k cÖavbZ †e½j †ewm‡b cÖevwnZ e-Øxc| M½v, eªvÿcyÎ
Ges †gNbv b`x e¨e¯vi Øviv MwVZ we‡ki GKwU eo e-Øxc| b`xmg~‡ni †eªB‡WW cÖK…wZ Øviv bve¨Zv‡K RwUj Kiv
n‡q‡Q hv A‡bK †ewk cwji mgš‡q Ave„Z Ges AwZwi³ cwj evwnZ nIqvi Kvi‡Y G ai‡bi RwUjZv m„wó n‡q‡Q|
`ªæZ AvKvi-AvK„wZi (mxgvbv I cÖYvjx) cwieZ©bmn G mgm¨vwU b`x¸‡jv‡Z eb¨v m„wó K‡i _v‡K| evsjv‡`‡k b`x
e¨e¯vq †`Lv hv‡”Q el©v ‡g․my‡g cÖPzi cwigv‡Y cvwb Ges ïK‡bv (wW‡m¤^i †_‡K †g) †g․my‡g b`xe‡ÿ cvwb _v‡K bv|
ïK‡bv †g․my‡g bve¨Zv AZ¨šÍ RwUj nq, A‡bK b`x‡Z †dwi cvivcvi n‡Z cvi‡Q bv| Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb
mgm¨v‡K AviI RwUj n‡q‡Q ‡b․hvb mg~‡ni AvKvi e„w× hvi mv‡_ †hvM n‡q‡Q 3000 Ub IR‡bi e„n`vKvi †b․hvb
mg~ni, h‡Lv‡b g~jZ K¬vm-1 b`x c‡_ ïKbv I wjKzBW evé wkc‡K AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq| ZvQvov Af¨šÍxib b`xc‡_
†b․eni ev Rvnv‡Ri cwigvb evo‡Q Ges eZ©gv‡b wbewÜZ Rvnv‡bi cwigvY 22,300 hvi 50% gvjvevnx cwienb
Ges GK-PZz_©vsk hvÎx evnx cwienb Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ| ZvQvov 750000 cÖPwjZ †`kxq †b․Kv, GKwU eo Ask‡K
hš¿PvwjZ (Uªjvi) Kiv n‡q‡Q| hvnvi AvbygvwbK 65% †b․Kv n‡”Q hvÎxevnx ‡h¸‡jv cÖavbZ MÖvgxb Rb‡Mvôxi Pvwn`v
c~i‡bi Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ Ges ‡m¸‡jvi ‡ewkifvMB b`x cwien‡b e¨eüZ nq|
XvKv-PÆMÖvg-AvïMÄ AvBWweøDwU Kwi‡Wvi Dbœq‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt miKvi 65wU cÖavb b`xi †b․-c_ wPwnèZ K‡i‡Q hv
evsjv‡`‡k hvÎx I gvjvgvj cwien‡b Avek¨K| G‡`i g‡a¨ XvKv I PÆMÖvg Ges XvKv I AvïMÄ b`x Kwi‡Wvi
(bvivqbMÄ I ewikvj-Gi ewa©Zvsk) ‡`kxq e¨emv evwYwR¨ Ges fvi‡Zi mv‡_ wØcvwÿK e¨emv-evwY‡R¨i me‡P‡q
†ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I AMÖvwaKvi iæU ev Rjc_ wn‡m‡e mbv³ I wPwnèZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| †`‡ki cÖvq 80% Af¨šÍixb †b․hvb
Gme Kwi‡Wv‡ii ga¨ w`‡q PjvPj K‡i Ges cÖvq •`wbK 200000 hvÎx Gme Rjc_ e¨envi K‡i| hvÎx I gvjvgvj
cwienb Kivi †ÿ‡Î XvKv, bvivqbMÄ, Puv`cyi Ges ewikvj Avf¨šÍixb b`x Uvwg©bvjmg~n AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f ~wgKv
cvjb Ki‡Q| Lv`¨ km¨, mvi Ges wbZ¨e¨envh© `ªe¨vw` n‡”Q cÖavb cb¨ ªe¨ hv gvjevnx RvnvR Ges gvjevnx RvnvR
8
Kvg hvÎx evnx jÂmg~‡ni gva¨‡g cwienb Kiv nq| AvïM‡Ä Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bvj n‡”Q evsjv‡`k Ges fviZ evwY‡R¨i
cÖavb Uvwg©vbvj Ges fvi‡Zi DËi c~e©vs‡ki ivR¨mg~‡ni mv‡_ moK c‡_i gva¨‡g mshOz³ i‡q‡Q|
Avg`vbxgyLx gvjvevnx fvix cwienb Ges e¨vcKZvi w`K we‡ePbvq, AwaKvsk ‡b․hvb cÖv_wgKfv‡e PÆMÖvg,
bvivqbMÄ Ges XvKvi g‡a¨ K¬vm-1 b`xc‡_ PjvPj K‡i, gvjevnx n‡”Q g~jZ: WªvBevé (wK¬b&Kvi, mvi, Lv`¨ km¨,
Kqjv, jeb, Rxcmvg Ges QvB); wjKz&W evémy (‡c‡Uªvwjqvg `ªe¨ ev cb¨); Ges mvaviY WªvB Kv‡M©v (e¨vM e¯Í,
ZjcxZjcv, hš¿cvwZ Ges ÷xj)| cÖavb WªvB Ges wjKz&BW evémg~n cÖKvi-‡f‡` cÖvB‡fU NvU, †RwU A_ev Uvwg©bv‡j
Ad‡jvW _v‡K, †h¸‡jvi AwaKvsk evé cwiPvjbvi miÄvg mgš‡q mw¾Z _v‡K| g¨vbyqvj †jevi Øviv b`xi Zx‡i
cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e A_ev mxwgZ msL¨K mvaviY e¨enviKvixi myweavq wKQz †eªK evé I Ab¨vb¨ ‡ewk †QvU mvaviY gvjevnx
KvMmg~n cwiPvjbv Kiv nq| evsjv‡`k I fvi‡Zi g‡a¨ cÖ‡UvKj iæ‡U wKQz cvivcvi-mxgvšÍ hvbevnb _vK‡e, ZvQvov
evsjv‡`‡k †gvU AvBWweøDwU Rjc‡_ cb¨ cwien‡bi †KejgvÎ 3% wnmve K‡i wØcvwÿK evwY‡R¨i cwigvY Lye Kg|
AwaKvsk d¬vB A¨vk ev QuvB (Ges wKQz Mg) evsjv‡`‡ki wbewÜZ Rvnv‡R fviZ †_‡K wb‡q Avmv nq ev msMÖn Kiv
nq| cÖ‡UvKj iæUwUi cvwbc_mn cÖZ¨vwkZ MfxiZvi Dbœqb I iÿYv‡eÿY Av`k©MZfv‡e evwYR¨ e„wׇZ DrmvwnZ
Ki‡e|
Af¨šÍixb b`xe›`i I j¨vwÛs †÷kb Dbœqb cÖ‡qvRbxqZvt hvÎx I gvjvgvj cwien‡b XvKv, bvevqbMÄ, Puv`cyi Ges
ewikv‡ji Af¨šÍixb b`x Uvwg©bvj cÖKí iæUmg~‡n ¸iæZ¡ f ~wgKv cvjb K‡i| cÖvq 53 wgwjqb Ub gvjevnx Ges 22
wgwjqb hvÎx evnx (2013-2014) PviwU b`xe›`‡i i‡q‡Q| µgea©gvb Pvwn`v c~i‡Y G PviwU e›`i ev e›`img~n
h‡_ó bq, G‡Z h‡_ó cwigvY Ae¯v‡bi RvqMv, cvwK©s Ges Av‡k cv‡ki GjvKv Ges hvÎx‡`i Avivg I wekÖv‡gi
RvqMv Afve i‡q‡Q| G me e›`i GjvKv AZ¨šÍ NbemwZc~Y©, hvbhvRU eûj| e›`i myweav evov‡bv, evwYwR¨K I
AvevwmK myweav, hvÎx‡`i _vKv LvIqv,AvevwmK myweav, e›`i GjvKvq hvbevnb myweav hvbevn AZ¨šÍ `iKvi|
evsjv‡`k miKvi eywoM½v b`xi Zx‡i kb¥vbNvU (2.5 wK.wg. fvwU GjvKv) GjvKvq GKwU bZzb hvÎx Uvwg©bvj •Zixi
K‡i XvKv m`iNvU Uvwg©bv‡ji myweavmg~n evov‡bvi cwiKíbv Ki‡Q, †mBmv‡_ cvbMuvI Uvwg©bv‡ji Dbœqb Ges
AvïMÄ, bvivqbMÄ, Puv`cyi Ges ewikvj b`x Uvwg©bvjmg~‡ni we`¨gvb myweav e„w×i D‡`¨vM wb‡q‡Q|
b`x Uvwg©bvj QvovI cÖKí Kwi‡Wvi eivei ‡ek wKQz j¨vwÛs †ókb hv MÖvgxb I `~ieZx© GjvKvq RbM‡bi emev‡mi
Rb¨ AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| j¨vwÛs †ókbmg~n (jÂNvU wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ) n‡”Q ¯vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi ‡b․hvb myweav cÖ`v‡bi
Rb¨ †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †bv½i¯vb ev RvnvR wfwoevi ¯vb, h_vh_ KvVv‡gvMZ mgm¨v Ges Ab¨vb¨ Avek¨Kxq myweav
†hgb-Uq‡jU Ges cvbxq cvwb, e¨enviKvix‡`i †g․wjK wbivcËv myweavi NvUwZ _vKv m‡Ë¡I AeKvVv‡gvmg~n †mev
w`‡”Q Ges A‡b‡K AZ¨šÍ RxY© Ae¯vq i‡q‡Q|
2.1 cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí
evsjv‡`k Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb KZ…©c‡ÿi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k miKvi Gi †b․-cwienb gš¿Yvjq mswkøó AeKvVv‡gvmn
AvBWweøDwU Lv‡Zi Dbœq‡b cÖKí ‣Zix I cÖ¯‧Z Ki‡Q| weAvBWweøDwUG cÖK‡íi A_©vq‡bi Rb¨ weke¨vs‡K Dc vcb K‡i‡Q|
Ae¯vb : cÖKí GjvKvi Dbœqb Kvh©µg mg~‡ni Ae vb wPÎ 1 †`Lv‡bv nq|
cÖ ÍvweZ KvR : cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© wmwfj ev c~Z©Kg©mg~n wb¤œiƒc t
Dcv`vb-1
XvKv I PÆMÖvg Kwi‡Wv‡ii AvïMÄ, bvivqbMÄ I ewikv‡ji g~j b`x I kvLvmg~n ‡WªwRs / b`x iÿYv‡eÿY be¨Zv
msiÿb;
Dc‡iv³ iæU eivei QqwU Rvnv‡Ri So AvkÖq¯j wbg©vY I iÿYv‡eÿY; Ges
cÖavb b`xi †dix cvivcvi iæU ev Rjc_ Lbb I iÿYv‡eÿY (Puv`cyi I kixqZcyi, j²xcyi I †fvjv; Ges
†e`ywiqvI jniNvU)
Dcv`vb-2
GKwU bZzb XvKvi A ~‡i kk¥vbNvU GjvKvq hvÎx Uvwg©bvj, bvivqbMÄ, Puv`cyi I ewikvj-G wZbwU we`¨gvb hvÎx
Uvwg©bvj c~be©vmvb / ms¯‥vi I Dbœqb|
9
cvbMuvI GKwU bZzb Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bvj wbg©vY I AvïM‡Ä GKwU we`¨gvb Kv‡Mv© Uvwg©bvj cybe©vmb / ms¯‥vi Dbœqb|
†P․ÏwU j¨vwÛs †÷kb (jÂNvU) Dbœqb I c~be©vmb
ZvQvov, cÖvwZôvwbK mvg_©¨ Dbœqb, avivevwnK †m±i Dbœqb, evRvi e¨e vi Dbœqb I bxwZ KvVv‡gv Dbœq‡b jÿ¨e¯‧ Ab¨vb¨
wewfbœ Kvh©µg‡K cÖK‡íi Z…Zxq Dcv`v‡b AšÍf~©³ K‡i| G m‡ei g‡a¨ wKQz cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK mswkøóZv _vK‡Z cv‡i
†hgb-1) †mvbvKv›`v, bveivqbM‡Ä BwÄb Kg©Pvix cÖwkÿY †K›`ª (wWBwcwUwm) Ges AvBWweøDwU †W‡K we`¨gvb feb cyb¯vc‡b
mvaviY c~Z©Kg© 2) AvBWweøDwU Gi Rb¨ GKwU †RÛvi Kg©cwiKíbv Dbœqb Ges RvnvReni meyRvqb welqK GKwU cixÿvg~jK
Kg©m~Px Ges M‡elYv, µgvMZ Lb‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb Kgv‡Z wewfbœ b`x cÖwkÿY cÖhyw³i ‡QvU cwim‡i cixÿvg~jK, cÖvYxm¤ú‡`i
Lvevi Ges •Re M¨v‡mi cixÿvg~jK cwiKíbv Rb¨ cvwbi KPzicvbvi Dbœqbmn AvBWweøDwU Gi cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK †UKmB
welqK wewfbœ Kvh©µg Ges 3) AvBWweøDwU †m±‡i Rjevqy cwieZ©b wbimb Ges myweav Aej¤b welq M‡elYvmn AwZwi³
cvwbc‡_i AMÖvwaKv‡ii Dci wewb‡qvM cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve Abymib K‡i cÖKí ‣Zix I M‡elYv|
ev Íevqb Kvj t AvBWweøDwU iæU (Rjc_) Dbœqb †WªwRs ev Lbb Kvh© mvZ eQi ‡gqv`x Pzw³i wfwˇZ m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e|
AeKvVv‡gv myweav †hgb- RvnvR AvkÖq, b`x Uvwg©bvj Ges j¨vwÛ †÷kb ev Íevq‡bi cÖ_g eQ‡i cwiKíbv Kiv n‡e Ges cieZx©
`yB †_‡K wZb eQ‡i wbg©vY Kiv n‡e| Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©µg DcKib-3 Aax‡b cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi cÖ_g I c‡ii eQi ¸‡jv‡Z
cwiKíbv Kiv n‡e|
2.2 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wba©viY
M‡elYv I cÖwZ‡e`b •Zwi : weAvBWweøDwUG Ges ‡b․-cwienb gš¿bvjq KZ…©K wb‡qvMK…Z wewfbœ civgk© Uxg Øviv
AvMó †_‡K wW‡m¤i 2015 Gi g‡a¨ msM„nxZ gvV Rwic I WvUvmg~‡ni wfwˇZ G cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK cÖfve
wbiƒc‡bi wbe©vnx mvims‡ÿc Kiv nq| G M‡elYv ev Rwi‡c wZbwU cwigvY ev fwjD‡g KvMRcÎ •Zix Kiv n‡q‡Q,
1) cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖfve| DcKib 1 Gi Rb¨ wba©viY (BGmAvBG) Ges 2) cwi‡ek e¨e vcbv KvVv‡gv
(BGgGd)Ges c~bev©mb bxwZi KvVv‡gv (Avi wc Gd) cÖK‡íi evKx As‡ki Rb¨ (cÖv_wgK DciKb 2 KvRmg~n)|
GmKj KvMRcÎ mg~n Avjv`vfv‡e cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges weAvBWweøDwU I‡qemvB‡U cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q cvkvcvwk
wek^e¨vs‡Ki Bb‡dvk‡c cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges cÖKí cÖfvweZ RbM‡bi Kv‡Q cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ Ae¯v‡b nvW©Kwc‡Z cÖKvk
Kiv n‡e|
we`¨gvb WzK‡g›Um ev `wj‡ji welqe¯‧ : Aa¨vq 2 †Z cÖ‡hvR¨ wek^e¨vs‡Ki bxwZgvjv Ges cÖkvmwbK KvVv‡gv Ges
evsjv‡`‡ki AvBbMZ weeiYxi ci Aa¨vq-4 †Z weKí cÖK‡íi Av‡jvPbv Abymib K‡i 3bs Aa¨v‡q GKwU cÖK‡íi
weeiY Dc vcb Kiv nq| ‡f․wZK, ‣RweK Ges A_©mvgvwRK cwi‡e‡ki GKwU weeiY 5bs Aa¨v‡q eY©bv †`qv nq|
6bs Aa¨v‡q Rjevqy cwieZ‡bi w`Kmg~n Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ cÖwZK~j cÖwZwµqvmg~n 7bs D‡jøL¨
Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges cÖKí mswkøó Ab¨vb¨ b`x m¤¢ve¨ µgea©gvb cÖfvemg~n 8bs Aa¨v‡q Dc vcbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖK‡íi
†bwZevPK cÖfvemg~n n«vm Kiv, ev‡` †`qvi m¤¢ve¨ wbimb c`‡ÿcmg~n A_ev m¤¢ve¨ †bwZevPK cÖfvemg~‡ni
ÿwZc~iY BGgwc‡Z AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q hv 9bs Aa¨v‡q mswÿß AvKv‡i cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| me‡k‡l Z_¨ cÖKvk I
cÖ‡ekvwaKv‡ii Rb¨ mKj ÷¨vK‡nvìvi civgk©‡bi GKwU cwi`k©b Aa¨vq 10 cÖ`vb K‡i|
2.2. M‡elYv `j MVb :
BGmG Kbmvj‡U›U : AvšÍR©vwZK I RvZxq we‡klÁ‡`i mgš‡q GKwU wbR wbR ch©v‡q weklÁ Uxg KZ…©K BGmG M‡elYv
cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| DciKb 1 Gi Rb¨ BGmAvBG cÖ¯‧ZKi‡b Bbw÷wUDU Ae IqvU©vi g‡Wwjs (AvBWweøDGg) cÖwZôv‡bi
mv‡_ Pzw³ Kiv n‡q‡Q| ‡b․-cwienb gš¿bvjq `yRb ¯^vaxb Kbmvj‡U›U Wv. †fbKvUv byKvjv (cwi‡ek we‡klÁ) Ges Wv. we. †K.
wW. ivRv (mvgvR welqK we‡klÁ) †K AvBWvweøDGg- Uxg IqvK© ch©v‡jvPbv I w`Kwb‡ ©kbv †`qvi Rb¨ wb‡qvM K‡i‡Q †hfv‡e
Zviv Zv‡`i KvR cwiPvjbv K‡i, Ges DcKib ev Dcv`vb 2 I 3 Ges G wbe©vnx mvims‡ÿ‡ci Rb¨ BGgGd I Avi wc Gd
cÖ ‧Z Ki‡Z cwiPvjbv K‡ib|
cwi‡ekMZ mgxÿv `j : Rwni nK Lvb (Uxg wjWvi), Wv. †kL gynv¤§` Avãyi iwk` (b`x cwi‡ekwe`), †gvnv¤§` Avwbmy¾vgvb
Lvb ( j welqK cwi‡ek we`), †gv. †g‡n`x nvmvb Bgb (cwi‡ekMZ cÖ‡K․kjx), iæev‡q` Avjg (b`x welqK we‡klÁ),
†gvnv¤§` Avãym mvjvg wmK`vi (DcK~jxq nvB‡WªvjwRó), †gvnv¤§` wRqvDi ingvb (cwj we Íib we‡klÁ), †gv. Rvwn yj Bmjvg
(K…wl we‡klÁ), dinvb †gv. Rwni (Kwbô cvwb m¤ú` cÖ‡K․kjx), gynv¤§` †Mvjvg ivmyj (Kwbô K…wl †ckvRxex), Avd‡ivRv
†gnRvwebb Avbb¨v (Kwbô f~-LÛ welqK cwi‡ekwe`) †gv. kvgmywÏb (Kwbô b`x cwi‡ek we‡klÁ), †gv. Rvwn` nvmvb wmwÏK
(wRAvBGm we‡klÁ) Ges •mq` g‡bvqvi †nv‡mb (Rwic we‡klÁ/ bve¨Zv we‡klÁ) †`i mgš‡q MwVZ cwi‡ekMZ mgxÿv
`j|
10
mvgvwRK M‡elYv `j : Lvqiæj gwZb (‣Rô¨ mvgvwRK Dbœqb we‡klÁ), †gv. iwdKzj Bmjvg (gva¨g I †hvMv‡hvM we‡klÁ),
wR. Gg. gbÄiæj gwR` (Kwbô mvgvwRK Dbœqb we‡klÁ), my‡K›`ª bvivqb †P․ayix (Kwbô¨ mvgvwRK Dbœqb we‡klÁ), †gv.
gy¯ÍvwdRyi ingvb (Kwbô¨ mvgvwRK Dbœqb we‡klÁ) Ges Gg. nvwg yj Bmjvg (Bs‡iRx-evsjv cÖwZ‡e`b Abyev`K)|
wPÎ-1: cÖKí GjvKvi Dbœqb Kvh©µg mg~‡ni Ae vb
11
3. bxwZ, AvBb Ges cÖkvmwbK KvVv‡gv
3.1 evsjv‡`‡k cÖ‡hvR¨ AvBb I bxwZgvjv
1995 mv‡ji evsjv‡`k cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb Ges 2010 mv‡j ms‡kvwaZ AvBb :
1995 mv‡ji cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb (BwmG) n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡k cwi‡ek myiÿv welqK cÖavb AvBbMZ KvVv‡gv| cwi‡ek
msiÿY AvBb, cwi‡ek gvb Dbœqb Ges cwi‡ek ~lY wbimb G myiÿv AvBb AšÍf~©³ K‡i| G AvBb wi‡ek Awa`ßi (wWIB)
cÖwZôv K‡i‡Q Ges e¨e v I c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡Z Dnvi gnvcwiPvjK ÿgZv cÖ`vb Ki‡Q †hfv‡e wZwb Avek¨K wn‡m‡e we‡ePbv
K‡ib hv cwi‡ek ~lY Z_¨ cÖKvk I msMÖn Kiv Ges Ab¨vb¨ KZ…©cÿ A_ev ms vi mv‡_ mgšq K‡i, miKvi‡K civgk© K‡i,
m¤¢ve¨ yN©Ubv cÖwZ‡iva K‡i Z`šÍ I AbymÜvb cwiPvjbv †K AšÍf~©³ K‡i| Awa`߇ii gnvcwiPvj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K †Kvb cwi‡ek
welqK QvocÎ mb` (Bwmwm) wbqg wewai Øviv wb‡ ©wkZ cšvq MÖnY Kiv e¨ZxZ †Kvb wkí BDwbU A_ev cÖKí cÖwZôv Kiv hv‡e
bv| G AvBbg‡Z wb‡¤œ Av‡jvP¨ 1997 mv‡ji cwi‡ek msiÿY wewagvjv (BwmAvi) cÖ`Ë cÖwµqvmg~n Abymib K‡i cÖKí ïiæ
Kivi Av‡M cwvi‡ek Awa`߇ii Gi QvovcÎ cÖKíwU‡K wb‡Z n‡e|
A¯vei m¤úwË Aa¨v‡`k, 1982 Gi AwaMÖnY t evsjv‡`‡k f~wg AwaMÖnY cwiPvjbvi cÖavb AvBbMZ `wjj n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡k
f~wg kvmb welqK kvmb msµvšÍ cÖvmw½K g¨vbyqvj Ges Ab¨vb¨ f~wg AvBb Ges (1994 mv‡ji ms‡kvaYmn 1982 mv‡ji
Aa¨v‡`k 2) 1982 mv‡ji A vei m¤úwË Aa¨v‡`k AwaMÖnY| Aa¨v‡`kg‡Z evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii Kv‡Q hLbB vbxqfv‡e †Kvb
m¤úwË miKvix D‡Ï‡k¨ A_ev miKvix ¯v‡_© cÖ‡qvRb nq ZLbB miKvi Zv AwaMÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e, hw` Zv agx©q Dcvmbv,
Kei¯vb Ges kk¥vbNv‡Ui Rb¨ cvewjK KZ…©K e¨eüZ †Kvb m¤úwË bv nq| miKvix wefvM †hgb- †iwRóªvi (f~wg), Mbc~Z©
wefvM (KvVv‡gv), ebwefvM (MvQcvjv), K…wlwefvM (dmj) Ges grm¨ wefvM (wdk ÷K) †_‡K cÖvß †iKW©K…Z g~j¨ ZvwjKv
wfwˇZ m¤úwËi evRvi g~j¨ wnmve c×wZ AvB‡b wba©vwiZv nq| Ki cwi‡kva Kgv‡Z ¯Z¡ n ÍvšÍ‡ii Rb¨ RbMb Rwgi g~j¨ n«vm
K‡i, cÖK…Z evRvi g~j¨ ev `‡ii †P‡q e¨vcKfv‡e wcÖwgqvg Kg iv‡L hv wWwm KZ…©K cwi‡kvwaZ Rwgi ÿwZc~iY cwi‡kva Kiv
nq|
evsjv‡`‡ki Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K AvBb I wewagvjv t cÖ ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi cÖvmw½K Ab¨vb¨ AvBbmg~n wb‡¤œ ZvwjKv Kiv n‡jvt
evsjv‡`k cwi‡ek msiÿY wewagvjv (BwmAvi) 1997 cwi‡ek msµvšÍ QvocÎ mb` cÖ`vb Kiv Ges cwi‡ekMZ
gvb`Û wba©vi‡Yi Rb¨ cÖwµqv, wewfbœ †kÖYx‡Z cÖKí Ges wkí cÖwZôv‡bi †kÖYxweb¨vm, cwi‡ekMZfv‡e RwUj
GjvKvmg~n †NvlYv Ki‡Z wRIwe ‡K ÿgZv cÖ`vb K‡i| cwi‡e‡ki Dci cÖfve Ges Zv‡`i mvBU we‡ePbvq cÖ‡Z¨K
wkí BDwbU A_ev cÖK‡í, cwi‡ek msµvšÍ QvocÎ mb` (Bwmwm) cÖ`v‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ 1997 mv‡ji cwi‡ek msiÿb
wewagvjvi 7 (1) wewag‡Z, PviwU ‡kÖYx fv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡e Ges †m¸‡jv n‡”Q : ‡kÖYx / wefvM-1 (meyRvqb), †kÖYx/
wefvM-2 (A‡iÄ-G), †kÖYx 3 (A‡iÄ we) Ges †kÖYx/ wefvM 4 (jvj)| ‡iW K¨v‡UMwi‡Z co‡Z DcKib-1 Ges
Uvwg©bvj DcKib, A‡iÄ we K¨v‡UMwi‡Z co‡e DcKib 3 Ab¨vb¨ c~Z© Kg© Ges j¨vwÛs †÷kb Dbœqb|
RvZxq IqvU©vi bxwZi wfwˇZ 2013 mv‡ji IqvU©vi AvBb Ges ALwÛZ Dbœqb, e¨e¯vcbv, D‡Ëvjb, e›Ub, e¨envi,
myiÿv, evsjv‡`‡k cvwb m¤ú‡`i msiÿY| cÖK‡íi Kvh©µg cvwbi gvb cÖfvweZ Ki‡e| cvwbi gvb cÖfve m‡¤vab
K‡i wbimb c`‡ÿcmg~n BGmAvBG I BGgGd †Z c~iY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
evsjv‡`k cwi‡ek Av`vjZ AvBb, 2010 †h †Kvb Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi Kvi‡Y D™¢zZ cwi‡ekMZ Ges mvgvwRK aŸs‡mi
Dci wePvi cÖwZôv Ges we‡iva wb®úwË Ki‡Z wewae× Kiv n‡q‡Q| G AvBb Abymv‡i miKvi AvBbMZ e¨e v MÖnY
Ki‡Z cvi‡e hw` cÖKí n ͇ÿc Kivi Kvi‡Y †h †Kvb cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v N‡U _v‡K; evsjv‡`‡ki eb¨cÖvYx (msiÿY)
Av‡`k (1973) Ges AvBb (1974) wkKvi Kiv, nZ¨v Kiv, aiv, eb¨cÖvYxi evwYR¨ I ißvbx wbqš¿b K‡i| myiwÿZ
cÖRvwZ Ges †Mg cÖvYx‡`i ZvwjKv eY©bv K‡i| †`‡ki eb¨cÖvYx iÿv‡_© ‡Mg msiÿY, eb¨cÖvYx myiÿv wn‡m‡e G me
GjvKv †NvlYv Ki‡Z miKvi‡K Bnv ÿgZv cÖ`vb K‡i|
grm¨ myiÿv I msiÿY AvBb (1950) hv grm¨ myiÿvq wewagvjv cÖ‡qv‡M miKvi‡K ÿgZv cÖ`vb K‡i; A¯vqx I
¯vqxfv‡e eva, mxgvbv, eva Ges Ab¨vb¨ KvVv‡gv wbg©vY wbqš¿b Ges wba©vwiZ BwÄb e¨envi Ges D‡Ëvjb wbwl×
A_ev wbqš¿b Ki‡Z ÿgZv cÖ`vb K‡i| G AvB‡b DcKzjxq GjvKvq e›`yK, abyK, we‡õviK mvgMÖx e¨envi Kiv
wbwl× hv cÖvYx I grm¨ m¤ú` aŸs‡mi ûgwK ¯iƒc, cwi‡ek ~lY I welv³ K‡i| gvQ aivi †g․m~g G AvBb wba©viY
K‡i Ges wWg ‡g․my‡g gvQ aiv G AvB‡b wbwl×| AvBb e¨e¯v jsN‡bi welqwU wbw`©ó Awdwmqvj KZ…©cÿ AbymÜvb
K‡i| cÖKí GjvKvq Bwjk myiÿv e¨e v i‡q‡Q Ges cÖfve Gov‡Z wbimb c`‡ÿc hv BGmAvBG Ges BGgG‡d
c~iY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
1927 mv‡ji eb AvBb (1989 mv‡j ms‡kvwaZ) cÖvB‡fU e‡bi Rb¨ mxgve× ÿgZv Ges miKvix eb myiÿv Ges
msiÿ‡Yi Rb¨ e¨vcKfv‡e miKvix wKQz †g․wjK ÿgZv gÄyi K‡i| ebvqb Dc‡hvMx †Kvb Rwgi Dci KZ…©Z¡
12
evov‡bvi Rb¨ 1927 mv‡ji AvBb fvl©b 1989 mv‡j ms‡kvab Kiv n‡qwQj| e„ÿ‡ivcb I ebvq‡bi Dci cÖfve
m‡¤^vab K‡i wbimb I cÖwZKvi c`‡ÿcmg~n BGmAvBG I BGgGd‡Z AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq|
eva I b ©gv AvBb, 1952 hv eva I b ©gv e¨e vmn eb¨v, fv½b Ges cvwbi Ab¨vb¨ aŸsm †_‡K iÿvi Rb¨ Ges
DbœZ b`©gvi Rb¨ IqvU©vi †Kvm© Ges e uva wbqš¿b Ges Acmvib AvBb AšÍfz©³ K‡i| Dnvi wbimb I cÖwZKvi
c`‡ÿcmg~n BGmAvBG I BGgGd‡Z AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq|
evsjv‡`k kÖwgK AvBb 2006 `yN©Ubvi AvnZ nIqvi †ÿ‡Î ÿwZc~iY †c‡Z Kv‡Ri gvby‡li AwaKvi Ask Ges
Kg©Pvix `vwqZ¡ w`Kwb‡`©kbv K‡i hv Kgx©i ¯^v ¨ I wbivcËv m‡¤vab K‡i wbimb I cÖwZKvi c`‡ÿcmg~n BGmAvBG
I BGgGd AšÍf~©³ K‡i|
Af¨šÍixb †b․cwienb Aa¨v‡`k 1976 Ges Af¨šÍixb †b․cwienb (ms‡kvab) AvBb 1990 cÖkvmb, wbeÜb, †hvM¨Zv
Ges ~lY wbqš¿b BZ¨vw` wb‡q cwiPvjbv K‡i hv Rvnv‡Ri ~lY m‡¤^vab K‡i wbimb I cÖwZKvi c`‡ÿcmg~n
BGmAvBG I BGgGd AšÍf~©³ K‡i|
1994 mv‡ji Af¨šÍixb RvnvR wbivcËvi Lmov wewagvjv mKj Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb, e›`i, †b․-myweav †_‡K
cÖfve Ges evqy wbM©gb, ÿwZKviK mvgMÖx I ªe¨ bvovPvov I ¸`vgRvZKib Ges Zij ªe¨ Qwo‡q cov, Lbb I
†WªwRs Ges LbbK…Z cwjgvwU Acmvi‡bi †ÿ‡Î Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb myiÿvi Kvh©vejx †_‡K cÖfve wbqš¿b K‡i|
wbimb I cÖwZKvi c`‡ÿcmg~n BGmAvBG I BGgGd AšÍf~©³ K‡i|
evsjv‡`k RvZxq wewìs †KvW hv wbg©vY msµvšÍ `vwqZ¡mg~n †NvlYv K‡i hv Abymv‡i wbw`©ó wbg©vY mvB‡Ui h_vh_
KZ…©cÿ Kv‡Ri gvby‡li wbivcËvi Rb¨ mZ©KZ©vg~jK c`‡ÿc MÖnY Ki‡e|
cÖvmw½K RvZxq bxwZgvjv I cwiKíbvmg~n : cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi cÖvmw½K RvZxq bxwZgvjv Ges Dnvi cwi‡ekMZ Ges mvgvwRK
wba©viY mswÿß AvKv‡i wb‡¤œ eY©bv Kiv n‡jvt
‡eªvW †m±i Kg©w`Kwb‡`k©bvi GKwU †mUmn GK‡Î cwi‡ekMZ K‡g©i Rb¨ †g․wjK KvVv‡gv †NvlYv K‡i evsjv‡`k
RvZxq cwi‡ek bxwZ 1992| cÖwZK~j cwi‡ekMZ cÖfvemg~n n«vmKi‡b †Rvi`vi K‡i, cÖ¯ÍvweZ n ͇ÿcmg~n we‡kl
K‡i mKj bxwZ wb‡ ©kbv cÖwZcvjb cÖ‡qvRb nq|
bve¨ cvwbc_ LbbKiv, Af¨šÍixb e›`i myweav e¨e v Ges bve¨Zv DcKibmn, nvB‡WªvMÖvwdK mv‡f© cwiPvjbv, RvnvR
Dbœqb BZ¨vw`mn AvBWweøDwU †m±‡ii mvwe©K Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb bxwZ (AvBWweøDwUwc), 2009,
cÖ ÍvweZ cÖKí n ͇ÿc AÎ bxwZ †iLvq i‡q‡Q|
Lbb I LbbK…Z mvgMÖx e¨e vcbv bxwZ 2013| †WªwRs wel‡q AcÖKvwkZ ev Dn¨ myweav n‡”Q : cÖKí cÖYqb /
LbbK…Z mvgMÖxi W¨vw¤ús Kivi Rb¨ Ae vb I †WªwRs Ae vb wPwnèZKi‡bi ci cÖKí cÖYqb Kiv n‡e, cÖevngvb
cvwb‡Z †Kvb fv‡e Lbb mvgMÖx cÖ‡R± Kiv hv‡e bv| ZvQvov `wÿY I `wÿYc~e© A‡j †hLv‡b fvUvi cÖfve AZ¨šÍ
kw³kvjx; h_vh_ mgxÿv †_‡K mycvwik mv‡c‡ÿ b`x‡Z mvgMÖx wb‡ÿc I †djv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges el©v †g․my‡g,
nvB‡Wªvgi‡dv‡jvwRK¨vj we‡ePbvmn h_vh_ M‡elYv †_‡K mycvwik mv‡c‡ÿ b`xi cÖevn I † ªv‡Z mvgMÖx Acmvib I
†d‡j †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| LbbK…Z mvgMÖx e¨e vcbv wel‡q, bxwZ e‡j, †Kvb K…wl Rwgi ÿwZ / aŸsm Kiv hv‡e bv|
Lvj (bvjv) ms‡hvM wew”Qbœ bq BZ¨vw` Ges bxPz f~wg (msiÿY AvBb 2000 Abymib K‡i) A_ev miKvix Lvm Rwg
(cwZZ Rwg); fivU A_ev cvBj K‡i ‡miv e¨e vcbvi gva¨‡g KvwiMwi we‡ePbvq AMfxi v‡b euva cwiKíbv
Abymv‡i n‡Z cv‡i;
cvwb e¨e vcbv Ges AvkvKzj Dbœqb wbwðZKi‡bi Rb¨ IqvU©vi †m±‡i eo †cøqv‡i w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ vb Kiv n‡”Q
RvZxq cvwb bxwZ (1999) Gi jÿ¨| Lbb Kvh©µg wn‡m‡e G bxwZ hveZxq Aby‡”Q` cÖK‡í cÖ‡hvR¨ hv RjR cÖvYxi
emev‡mi cwieZ©bmn cvwbi gvb cÖfvweZ Ki‡e| bxwZi cÖvmw½K Aby‡”Q` h_vh_ we‡ePbvq wb‡q cÖ ÍvweZ
n ͇ÿcmg~n cwiKíbv I ev Íevqb Kiv nq|
25 eQi †gqv‡` evsjv‡`‡ki cvwb m¤ú`mg~‡ni ALÛ Dbœqb, e¨envi Ges e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv cÖwZôv Ki‡Z RvZxq
cvwb e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv, 2001 (2004-G Aby‡gvw`Z), G bxwZi wKQz Kg©m~Px (b`x, cwi‡ek Ges RjR m¤ú`)
cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨;
2001 mv‡ji wewae× RvZxq f~wg e¨envi bxwZ, Gi jÿ¨ n‡”Q bMivqb, wkívqb Ges Dbœqb Kvh©µ‡gi ‣ewPÎKi‡b
avivmg~n‡K mnvqZv w`‡Z Kvh©Kixfv‡e f~wg e¨envi e¨e vcbv Kiv| cÖK‡í bxwZwU cÖ‡hvR¨ hv f~wg e¨envi cwieZ©b
Ki‡Z cv‡i;
RvZxq K…wl bxwZ, 1999 Gi jÿ¨ n‡”Q mK‡ji Rb¨ wbf©i‡hvM¨ I wbivc` Lvevi e¨e¯v wbwðZ Kiv Ges mKj
djm Drcv`b e„w×i gva¨‡g Lv‡`¨ RvwZ‡K AvZ¥wbf©ikxj I ¯qsm¤ú~Y© K‡i †Zvjv| Rjve× Ges jeb AvµvšÍ
GjvKvq Pvlvev‡`i Rb¨ DbœZ cÖRvwZ Ges cÖhyw³ Dbœqb M‡elYvi Dci G bxwZ we‡kl K‡i hvwš¿K kw³ cÖ‡qvM
K‡i| G bxwZ ¯xKvi K‡i †h, Rjve×Zv I jebv³ Ae v Kgv‡Z h‡_ó c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv DwPZ Ges G bxwZ dmj
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †mP myweav cÖ`vb K‡i;
13
mgy`ª DcK~jxq AÂj bxwZ, 2005 mvaviY w`Kwb‡ ©kbv cÖ`vb K‡i hv‡Z cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek ALÛZv wew”Qbœ I wef³
Kiv Qvov †UKmB‡hvM¨ cšvq wbivc` Ae vax‡b Zv‡`i Rxeb RxweKv mgyMÖ DcK~jxq RbmsL¨v AbymÜvb Ki‡Z
cv‡i| BGmAvBG Ges BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ cvwbi gvb Ges †ebwZK n¨vweU¨v‡Ui Dci cÖfve m‡¤vab K‡i cÖwZKvi
c`‡ÿcmg~n AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq|
RvZxq grm Pvl bxwZ 1996, grm¨ Pvl Ges †b․-grm¨ Pvl Dbœq‡bi Dci wb¤œwjwLZ welq¸‡jv Av‡jvKcvZ K‡i 1)
cÖvK…wZK cvwb‡Z Ges †b․-cwi‡e‡k Rxe •ewPÎ iÿYv‡eÿY Kiv, ÿwZKviK ivmvqwbK ªe¨ wPswo Lvgv‡i cwi‡e‡k
e¨envi Kiv n‡e bv, 3) wPswoi eÜzfvevcbœ cÖhyw³ e¨envi, 4) grm Pvl GjvKv e„w× Kiv, Ges avb, gvQ I wPswo
Qvmv GKmv‡_ Kiv; 5) Kvh©µ‡gi wecix‡Z wbqš¿b c`‡ÿc A½xKvi hv grm¨ m¤ú‡`i Dci ‡bwZevPK cÖfve Ges
wecixZ kã Ges 6) †h †Kvb Ae¨e¯vcbv wkí eR©¨ cvwb‡Z Acmvib eÜ Ki‡Z AvBb cÖYqb Kiv|
evsjv‡`‡ki ¯vÿwiZ AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³mwÜ : evsjv‡`k wKQz mwÜ, m‡¤§jb, †NvlYv Ges Lmov Pyw³ wel‡q AvšÍR©vwZK cwi‡e‡ki
GKRb ¯^vÿiKvix| wb¤œwjwLZ welqmg~n n‡”Q AvšÍR©vwZK mwÜPzw³ I m‡¤§jb Ges evsjv‡`k n‡”Q GKwU cÿ :
eR©¨ I Ab¨vb¨ ªe¨ e ‧ ¯‧c Kivi gva¨‡g mvgwMÖK ~lb cÖwZ‡iv‡a jÛb m‡¤§jb, 1972 (jÛb m‡¤§jb)| m‡¤§j‡bi
g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q eR©¨ I Ab¨vb¨ c`v_© (‡Zj, †bvw·qvm wjKzBW, ÿwZKviK c`v_©, ªe¨, cq:cÖbvjx, eR©¨, evqy)
BZ¨vw` W¨vw¤ús Kivi gva¨‡g mvgw`ªK ~lY cÖwZ‡iv‡a mKj ev Íe c`‡ÿc MÖnYKiv, hv gvby‡li ¯v ¨ SuywK m„wó K‡i,
Rxe m¤ú` I mvgw ªK Rxe‡bi ÿwZKviK, mgy‡`ªi Ab¨vb¨ •ea e¨enviKvixi my‡hvM-myweav bó I aŸsm K‡i|
Rvnv‡Ri ~lY cÖwZ‡iv‡a AvšÍR©vwZK m‡¤§jb (GgGAviwcIGj)1973/1978| m‡¤§j‡bi g~j D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q n‡”Q
†Zj Acv‡ikbvj wWmPvR© Ges Ab¨vb¨ ÿwZKviK `ªe¨ Ges G ai‡bi ªe¨ `yN©Ubvµ‡g Lvjvm I Acmvib Kgv‡bvi
gva¨‡g mvgwMÖK cwi‡e‡ki ~lY cÖwZ‡iva Kiv, •Re •ewP‡Î¨i Dci m‡¤§jb, wiI †W †RbvwiI (1992);
Rjevqy cwieZb, wiI wW †RbvBwiI (1992) Gi Dci RvwZ ms‡Ni KvVv‡gv m‡¤§jb, cÖKí wbg©vY I cwiPvjbv
Kvh©µ‡gi Kvi‡Y m‡¤§jb e¨vcKfv‡e cÖ‡hvR¨| BGmAvBG I BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ MÖxb nvDR M¨vm wbM ©gb m‡¤vab
Ki‡Z cÖwZKvi I wbimb c`‡ÿc mg~n c~iY Kiv nq|
IRb †jqvi, gw›Uªqvj (1987) myiÿvi wf‡qbœv m‡¤§jb| BGmAvBG I BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ MÖxbnvDR M¨vm wbM©gb
m‡¤^vab K‡i wbimb c`‡ÿcmg~n c~iY Kiv nq|
AvšÍR©vwZK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I‡qUj¨vÛm m‡¤§jb we‡kl K‡i IqvUvidj cÖvYx, ivgmvi (1971) wn‡m‡e Ges Dnvi
ms‡kvabg~jK Lmov Pzw³, c¨vwim (1982)| Ab¨ †`k †_‡K Avmv cvwL‡`i Dci cÖfve m‡¤vab Ki‡Z wbimb
c`‡ÿc Ges we‡`kx cvwL‡`i cÖKí GjvKv cwi`k©b BGmAvBG I BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq|
we‡`k †_‡K Avmv eb¨ cÖRvwZi cÖvYx (1979) msiÿ‡Yi Dci m‡¤§jb| AwZw_ cvwLiv cÖKí GjvKv cwi`k©b K‡i
Ges †`kvšÍwi cvwL‡`i Dci cÖfve m‡¤vab K‡i wbimb c`‡ÿc hv GGmAvBG I BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf~©³ Kiv
nq|
dvDbv I †d¬viv (mvBUm), IqvwmsUb (1973) bvgK GK ai‡bi wecbœ eb¨ cÖRvwZ cÖvYxi AvšÍR©vwZK evwY‡R¨i Dci
m‡¤§jb Ges GUv mivmwi I cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e cÖK‡í cÖvmw½K bq †h‡nZz eb¨ dvDbv I †d¬viv bvgK wecbœ cÖRvwZ †Kvb
AvšÍR©vwZK evwY‡R¨ cÖKíwU AšÍf~©³ K‡i bv| mvaviY wb‡lavÁv cwi‡ek welqK e¨envi wewa‡Z AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q;
wek^ ms¯‥…wZ Ges cÖvK…wZK HwZn¨ (wek HwZn¨ m‡¤§jb) (1972) iÿvi m‡¤§jb| hw`I cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e cÖK‡í cÖ‡hvR¨
bq †h‡nZz cÖKí GjvKvq G ai‡bi mvBU ev vb Aew Z I cwiwPZ bq- my‡hvM AbymÜvb m‡¤^vab c`‡ÿc I
e¨e vmg~n BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq ; Ges
Rjevqy cwieZ©‡b wKI‡Uv Lmo Pzw³ (1997) Ges †Kv‡cn¨v‡Mb G‡KvW© (2009)| cÖKí Kvh©µg †_‡K MÖxbnvDR
M¨vm wbMg©b m‡¤va‡b wbimb e¨e v I c`‡ÿc mg~n BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
3.2 cwi‡ek msµvšÍ cÖwµqv
evsjv‡`k cwi‡ek msiÿY wewagvjvg‡Z, b` Lbb iÿYv‡eÿY‡K †iW K¨vUvMwi wn‡m‡e cwiKíbv Kiv nq Ges AZ:ci GKwU
BAvBG cÖ ‧Z I cÖYqb Ki‡Z n‡e| Gme †kÖYxi g‡a¨ †Kvb b`x e›`i I j¨vwÛs †÷k‡bi wbg©vY‡K AšÍf~©³ Kiv nqwb|
hv‡nvK, DKib-2 †Z Dc-cÖK‡í AšÍf~©³ Kg©cwiwa we‡ePbv K‡i we‡ePbv Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i †h, Uvwg©bvj Dbœq‡b DcKib Ô‡iW
K¨vUvMwii g‡a¨ co‡e Ges j¨vwÛs †÷kb Dbœq‡bi Ab¨vb¨ DcKibmg~n A¨v‡iÄ we K¨vUvMwii g‡a¨ co‡e| DcKib 3 cvwbi
KPzicvbvi •ReM¨vm cÖKí Ges b`x cÖwkÿY Kv‡Ri Dci †QvU cwigv‡ci cixÿvg~jK cÖKí A¨v‡iÄ we K¨vUvMwi‡Z covi
AvkvI Kiv hv‡”Q, cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi mgq GUv wbwðZ Kiv n‡e hLb Gme DcKibmg~n m¤ú~Y©fv‡e wPwnèZ Kiv nq|
BAvBG Aby‡gv`b : cÖ ÍvweZ BDwbU A_ev cÖK‡íi wewfbœ ai‡bi Rb¨ cwi‡ek wefvM †_‡K cwi‡ek msµvšÍ QvocÎ mb`
(Bwmwm) jv‡fi Rb¨ cÖwµqvmg~n‡K BBmAviÕ97 eY©bv K‡i| wkí BDwbU A_ev cÖKí cÖwZôv Ki‡Z AvMÖnx e¨w³ A_ev
cÖwZôvb‡K gnvcwiPvj‡Ki KvQ †_‡K Bwmwm MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e| wba©vwiZ dig m¤úbœKib I cÖ‡hvR¨ wd cwi‡kvamn †iW
14
K¨vUvMwi cÖKí wfwˇZ Ges A¨v‡iÄ we K¨vUvMwi cÖK‡íi Rb¨ AvBBB wfwˇZ mb`cÎ cÖ vb Kiv nq| ‡iW I A¨v‡iÄ
K¨vUvMwi Dfq ‡ÿ‡Î G ai‡bi mb`c‡Îi †gqv` GKeQi ch©šÍ Ges †gqv` DËx©Y nIqvi Kgc‡ÿ 30 w`b Av‡M mb`c‡Îi
bevqb eva¨Zvg~jK|
3.3 wek^e¨vs‡Ki iÿvKeP bxwZmg~n
wek^e¨vs‡Ki cwi‡ek msµvšÍ Ges cÖK‡íi h_vh_ mvgvwRK iÿvKeP bxwZgvjv wb¤œwjwLZ welqmg~n‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡it
cwi‡ek msµvšÍ wba©viY (Iwc 4.01) : cÖKíwU‡K †kÖYx-G fv‡M wef³ Kiv n‡q‡Q, b`x Lbb Ges cvwbcÖevn avivi wbg©vY
Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ mswkøó wKQz m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve Zvrch©c~Y© I wfbœ n‡Z cv‡i| wbwðZ Kivi D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨vsK A_©vq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ ÍvweZ ÔGÕ
wefv‡Mi mKj cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wba©viY weke¨vs‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq †h, Gme cÖKí cwi‡ek I mvgvwRKfv‡e
Dchy³ I †UKmB‡hvM¨| cwiPvjbv bxwZ (Iwc) 4.01 Gi kZ© †gvZv‡eK DcKib 1 Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GKwU c~Y© BGmAvBG
cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Abyiƒcfv‡e, DcKib-2 Kv‡Ri Rb¨, GKwU c~Y© BGmAvBG BGgGd I Avi wc Gd WKz‡g›Um ev
`wjj †gvZv‡eK cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi mgq cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e| G bxwZ Abymv‡i Dchy³ Ges cÖ‡qvRbxq wba©viY, ÷¨vK‡nvìvi
civgk© cÖwZôvb Ges e¨e¯vcbvi kZ©mg~n wPwnèZ Ki‡b DcKib 3 Gi Rb¨, cÖK‡íi ga¨ w`‡q †h †Kvb †f․wZK Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cwi‡ek msµvšÍ Ges mvgvwRK evQvB Kiv n‡e|
cÖvK…wZK wbevm (I.wc.4.04)t †gNbv b`xi e¨e¯v Ges RjgMœ GjvKv RjR cÖvYx Ges jR Rxe •ewP‡Îi m¤ú` cÖ vb K‡i|
RwUj cÖvK…wZK wbev‡mi †Kvb ÿwZ bv _vK‡j A_ev vqx ÿwZi bv _vK‡j cÖvK…wZK b`x GjvKv Ges RjgMœ wbevm ev GjvKvq
cÖ ÍvweZ cÖK‡íi Kvh©µg cwiKíbv Ges AÎ bxwZi Aax‡b ev Íevqb Kiv hv‡e| G cwiKíbv Aax‡b, wbevm D×vi Ges e„w×i
c`‡ÿc Ges Pjgvb cwi‡ek msµvšÍ gwbUwis G bxwZ Abymv‡i cÖwZK~j cÖfve wbimb I ÿwZc~iY Ki‡Z cÖK‡í AšÍf~©³ Kiv
n‡e| RwUjwenxb ms‡e`bkxj GjvKvq Lbb aŸsm Rgv ¯vbmg~n wbwl× Kiv n‡e Ges cwiKíbvq we¯ÍvwiZ ewY©Z cÖfve
e¨e vcbv Ges Lbb Kivi Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ wewagvjv wbwðZ Ki‡Z Kvh©Ki Kiv n‡e ‡h, cÖvK…wZK wbev‡m mKj m¤¢ve cÖfv‡ei Rb¨
Dchy³fv‡e Dckg c`‡mvcvb cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e|
†f․wZK mvs¯‥…wZK m¤ú`mg~n (Iwc 4.11): cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK wbaviYx M‡elYvi Ask wn‡m‡e, cÖK‡íi
cÖfvweZ GjvKvq †h †Kvb ‡f․wZK mvs¯‥…wZK m¤ú` (wcwmAvi) wPwnèZ I mbv³Ki‡b cÖwZôvwbK civgk©mn GKwU c~Y© wfwË mxgv
wba©viYx cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw`I Dc cÖKí mvB‡U †Kvb wPwnèZ wcwmAvi Ae vb bvB ZviciI cÖZ¨ÿ I mivmwi cÖfvweZ
nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K A_ev cÖ¯ÍvweZ Kv‡Ri Øviv vbP~¨Z nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K, kk¥vbNvU I cvbMuvI e›`i Dbœqb gymwjg Kei
¯vb Ges wn› y kk¥vbNvU‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i| G v‡b weKí e¨e¯v Kiv cÖ‡qvRb| ZvQvov mKj Kg©Kv‡Ûi Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨
BGgwc‡Z my‡hvM AbymÜvb cÖwµqv‡K AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e|
Awb”QvK…Z cybwb®úwË (Iwc 4.12) : G cÖK‡íi cÖ‡qvRb f~wg AwaMÖnY, †mB mv‡_ evm vb Ges RvnvR AvkÖq wbg©v‡Yi e¨emv,
b`x Uvwgb©vj Ges j¨vwÛs †÷kb| AviwcGd Abymv‡i ev Íevq‡bi mgq GKwU cybwb®úwËg~jK Kg©cwiKíbv cÖ ‧Z I cÖYqb Kiv
n‡e|
ebvqb (Iwc 4.36) : †h‡nZz cÖKí cÖfvweZ GjvKvi Kv‡Q wKQz Av¤ªKvbb Ges mvgvwRK eb MvQcvjv Aew¯Z ZvB G bxwZwU
cÖ‡qvM I e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw`I cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKíwU G me ebvq‡bi †Kvb wKQz‡K cÖZ¨ÿ I mivmwifv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡e bv|
Gme vbmg~‡n Lbb I LbbK…Z mvgMÖxi vcb Kiv n‡e bv|
AvšÍR©vwZK cvwb c_ (Iwc 7.50) : G bxwZ Ry‡o †`qv n‡q‡Q †h‡nZz †gNbv b`x †hLv‡b mKj cÖK‡íi n¯Í‡ÿcmg~n NU‡e, hv
fvi‡Zi mv‡_ AvšÍR©vwZK cvwbc‡_i fvMvfvwM i‡q‡Q| evsjv‡`k n‡”Q wb¤œcÖev‡ni wic¨vwiqvb d‡j cvwb cÖev‡ni gvb I
cwigvY cwieZ©‡b cÖ ÍvweZ cÖKíwU‡K cÖZ¨vkv Kiv nq bv Ges cÖwZK~jfv‡e fviZ‡K cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov G bxwZi
mv‡_ m½wZ †i‡L fvi‡Z GKwU wic¨vwiqvb cÖÁvcb cÖ`vb Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Z_¨ cÖ‡ekvwaKvi t Z_¨ cÖKvk I †kqvwis Kivi Rb¨ G bxwZ e¨vs‡Ki kZ©mg~n †NvlYv K‡i| Dbœqb Kvh©KvwiZv Ges `wi ª n«vm
DbœqbKivi Rb¨ Dnvi Kg©Kv‡Û ¯”QZv I Revew`wnZvq e¨vs‡Ki cÖwZkÖæwZ‡K G bxwZ cyb‡NvlYv K‡i| vbxq Rb‡Mvôx I
÷¨vK †nvìvi‡`i wb‡q Zv‡`i mv‡_ †kqvwis Kivmn weAvBWweøDwUG‡Z wbe©vnx mvi‡ÿc cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| GB cÖwZ‡e`bmg~n
evsjv‡`k e¨vs‡Ki Bb‡dv‡mv‡cv‡ZI cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| G wbe©vnx mvims‡ÿcwU evsjv fvlvq Abyev` Kiv n‡e Ges Ges
weAvBWweøDwUG I‡qemvB‡U cvIqv hv‡e Ges we`¨gvb Uvwg©bv‡j weAvBWweøDwUG Awd‡m vbxqfv‡e cvIqv hv‡e|
cwi‡ekMZ ¯v¯¨ Ges wbivcËvi w`Kwb‡`©kbvmg~n : weke¨vsK MÖæc (WweøDwewR) cwi‡ek, ¯v ¨ Ges wbivcËv (BGBPGm)
mvaviY w`Kwb‡`©kbv (2007)Gi g‡a¨ cvidig¨vÝ †j‡fj Ges wkí cÖKímg~n Dbœq‡bi c`‡ÿcmg~n AšÍf~©³ hv cÖPwjZ
we`¨gvb cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g Dchy³ Li‡P AR©b‡hvM¨ bZzb myweavmg~n we‡ePbv Kiv nq| Gme w`Kwb‡`k©bvmg~n cÖK‡í cÖ‡qvM K‡i
15
we‡kl K‡i evqy wbMg©b, cvwicvwk©K evqy Ges kã I †Kvjvn‡ji ¸b gvb, gqjv cvwbi gvb, SuywKc~Y© mvgMÖx Ges eR©¨ e¨e vcbv
Ges †ckvMZ I Rb†Mvôxi ¯v ¨ I wbivcËv e¨e vcbvi wel‡q Gme w`Kwb‡ ©kbvmg~n cÖK‡í cÖ‡qvM K‡i| e›`i, mgy`ªx Zxi
Ges Uvwg©bv‡ji Rb¨ BGBPGm w`Kwb‡`©kbvmg~n Ges †b․-cwien‡bi ‡ÿ‡Î BGBP Gm w`Kwb‡ ©kbvmg~n cÖK‡íi Rb¨
cÖ‡hvR¨|
wek^e¨vs‡Ki cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK bxwZgvjvmg~n cÖK‡í cÖ‡hvR¨ bq hv wb‡¤œ †`qv njt
KxU e¨e vcbv (Iwc 4.09) : G bxwZ Ry‡o †`qv nqwb †h‡nZz cÖK‡íi †Kvb Dc-miÄvgvw` †Kvb KxUbvkK msMÖn Ki‡e bv,
A_ev KxUbvgK e¨envi e„w× Ki‡e bv| f~wg‡Z LbbK…Z mvgMÖxi vcb mvB‡Ui vcb gkv, †cvKv cÖRvwZ Ges cvwL‡K AvK©lY
Ki‡Z cv‡i| GUv A vqx mgm¨v n‡Z cv‡i †h‡nZz LbbK…Z mvgMÖx †e‡bwdKvDj e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cyb¯vcb Kiv n‡e Ges AZ:ci
†Kvb KxU e¨e vcbvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e bv|
cÖKí cÖfvweZ GjvKvq emevmiZ †Kvb cÖwZ‡ekx ev vbxq Rb‡Mvôx bv _vKvq G Iwc cÖKvk I Dc vcb Kiv nqwb|
euva wbivcËv (Iwc 4.37) : euva wbivcËv bxwZ Kvh©Ki I cÖKvk Kiv nqwb †h‡nZz †Kvb e uva cÖK‡íi Aax‡b AšÍf~©³ bvB, A_ev
we`¨gvb euv‡ai Dci wbf©i K‡i AvBWweøDwU Dbœqb Ges b`x Uvwg©bvj cÖ¯Íve Kiv n‡e bv|
we‡ivac~Y© GjvKvq cÖKí (Iwc 7.60) : G bxwZ cÖ‡hvR¨ bq, †h‡nZz cÖKíwU †Kvb we‡ivac~Y© f~-L‡Ûi Kv‡Q Aew Z bq|
3.4 evsjv‡`‡ki AvBb Ges weke¨vs‡Ki bxwZgvjv cÖwZcvjb ch©vq
evsjv‡`‡ki AvBb mn cÖK‡íi eZ©gvb cÖwZcvjb ch©vq I weke¨vs‡Ki iÿvKeP bxwZgvjv mviYx-2 †Z CwMZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|
mviYx-2 : wRIwe AvBb I weke¨vs‡Ki iÿvKeP bxwZgvjvmn cÖK‡íi cÖwZcvjb
AvBb / bxwZ cÖwZcvjb e¨e¯v
evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii
kZ©mg~n
cwi‡ek msiÿY AvBb weAvBWweøDwU Dcv`vb 1 Gi BGmAvBG cÖwZ‡e`b `vwLj Ki‡eb Ges
cwi‡ek msµvšÍ Qvoc‡Îi Rb¨ wWIB eive‡i Dcv`vb 2 I 3 Gi Rb¨
BGmAvBG cÖwZ‡e`b •Zix Ki‡eb|
AvšÍR©vwZK Pzw³mwÜ myiwÿZ mvBU Z`šÍ, cÖKí Aax‡b mKj cwi‡ekMZ evQvB I
wba©vi‡Yi †¯”Qvg~jK wbe©vm myiÿv Ges †iW wj÷| cÖ‡Z¨K Dc-cÖKí
/ Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ cÖ‡Z¨K BGgwc‡Z h_vh_ Dckg c`‡ÿc AšÍf~©³|
cvewjK Z_¨ I cÖKvk weAvBWweøDwUG I‡qemvB‡U Lmov BGmAvBG, BGgGd Ges Avi wc
Gd cÖwZ‡e`bmg~n cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q| ÷¨vK‡nvìvi‡`i wdWe¨vK
†c‡Z Ges BGmAvBG I cÖKí Z_¨ cÖKvk Ki‡Z XvKv, AvïMÄ I
ewikv‡j cvewjK civgk© mfv AbywôZ nq|
wek^e¨vs‡Ki kZ©mg~n AvMvg evQvB I cwiwa ‡m‡Þ¤^i 2015 †Z cÖKí GjvKvq civgk©, ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Z_¨ `vZvi
mvÿvrKvi, AskMÖnYg~jK MÖvgxb g~j¨vqb Ges MÖæc †dvKvm Av‡jvPbv
AbywôZ nq|
AskMÖnYg~jK Dc vcbv cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek, Rb¯^v¯¨, mvgvwRK w`Kmg~n‡K cwiKíbv WKz‡g‡›U
Awe‡”Q`¨ Kiv nq|
msnZ cwi‡ekMZ I
mvgvwRK wba©viY
cÖvK…wZK cwi‡ek, Rb¯^v ¨ Ges mvgvwRK w`K cwiKíbv bw_i g‡a¨
AšÍf~©³ Kiv nq| cÖvK…wZK wbevm myiwÿZ mvBU I ev ‧Zš¿ hvPvB, jvj ZvwjKv Ges wecbœ Dw™¢` I
cÖvYxRMZ m¤úbœ n‡q‡Q| GKwU Rxe •ewPΨ e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv
BGmAvBG Ask wn‡m‡e cÖ¯‧Z Kiv n‡q‡Q|
SuywK wba©viY I g~j¨vqb ¯^v ¨ I wbivcËv RbmsL¨vi Rb¨ SuywK I BAvBG Gi g‡a¨ mbv³ Kiv
nq kÖwgK‡`i †UÛvi WKz‡g›U Zv‡`i g‡a¨ AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e| Rjevqy cwieZ©b I eb¨v Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi cÖfve g~j¨vqb Kiv nq Ges AeKvVv‡gvMZ my‡hvM-
myweav (b`x Uvwg©bvj, j¨vwÛ †÷kb, Rvnv‡Ri AvkÖq) bKkv wWRvBb
Rjevqy cwieZ©b avi‡Yi we‡ePbv Ki‡e|
weKí weKí we‡ePbv AšÍf~©³ : cÖKí welq Qvov; cÖK‡íi weKí, P¨v‡bj
iÿYv‡eÿ‡bi Rb¨ weKí †K․kjmg~n; Lbb c×wZi weKí Ges
LbbK…Z mvgMÖxi ¯vcb, Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛs †÷k‡bi Rb¨ BGmAvBG
M‡elYv weKí g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e|
16
`~lY cwi‡ekMZ gv‡bi wfwËmxgv Rwic Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q, miKv‡ii
cwi‡ekMZ gvb`Û Ges weke¨vs‡Ki gvb`Û cÖwZcvjb Kiv n‡e|
cwi‡ekMZ e¨envi wewamg~n wVKv`vi WKz‡g‡›U AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q
(DcKib-3 cÖwkÿY †K›`ª febmn)
‡f․wZK mvs¯‥…wZK
m¤ú`
wek^e¨vsK Iwc 4.11 Aax‡b we‡kl e¨e vcbvq †Kvb ‡f․wZK
mvs¯‥…wZK m¤ú` cÖKí cÖfve GjvKvq wPwnèZ I mbv³ Kiv nqwY|
kk¥vbNvU I cvbMvI e›`i Dbœqb gymwjg Kei vb I wn›`y‡`i
kk¥vbNvU‡K ÿwZMÖ Í Ki‡e| cwieZ©b Z`šÍ AbymÜvb cÖwµqv wbjvg
WKz‡g‡›U AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e|
wj½ †KejgvÎ gwnjvM‡bi mv‡_ civgk© mfvmn civgk© MÖnb c‡e©
mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb I wba©vi‡bi M‡elbv Pvjv‡bv nq| gwnjv‡`i e¨envi
Dc‡hvMx w`Kmg~n b`x Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛs Gi Rb¨ wWRvB‡b AšÍf~©³
Kiv n‡e|
Rb¯^v¯¨ Rb¯^v¯¨ w`Kmg~n M‡elYv Kiv n‡qwQj Ges Rb¯v ¨ cÖfvemg~n
BGmAvBG I BGgGd Gi g‡a¨ c~iY Kiv nq|
Z_¨ civgk© I
cÖ‡ekvwaKvi
BGmAvBG, BGgGd I Avi wc Gd cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q (cÖKí
GjvKvq vbxqfv‡e cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ Ges weAvBWweøDwUG I‡qemvB‡U Ges
nvW©Kwc cvIqv hv‡e, cvkvcvwk we`¨gvb weAvBWweøDwUG Awdm Ges
WweøDwe Bb‡dvk‡cI cvVv‡bv nq| RbM‡bi civgk© AvïMÄ I
ewikv‡j 17 I 18 b‡f¤i 2015Bs Zvwi‡L †bqv nq Ges XvKvq
cwiwa civgk© Ges cÖKí GjvKvq †m‡Þ¤^i-A‡±vei gv‡m civgk©
mfve m¤úbœ Kiv nq| ZvQvov, RbM‡bi civgk© cÖ`v‡bi Rb¨ RvZxq
Kg©gvjv Puv`cy‡i 2016 mv‡ji gv‡P© cwiKíbv Kiv n‡e|
17
4. cÖK‡íi weeiY
4.1 cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨
mvwe©K cÖKí Dbœq‡bi D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q XvKv-PÆMÖvg-AvïMÄ Av‡ji AvBWweøDwU Kwi‡Wvimn Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb mvwf©m e„w×
Kiv| XvKv-PÆMÖvg Ges XvKv-AvïMÄ Rjc‡_ hvÎxevnx cwien‡bi ïaygvÎ cÖ‡qvRb nq bv, evsjv‡`k Ges AvšÍR©vwZK ißvbxi
Rb¨ XvKv PÆMÖvg Ges Ab¨vb¨ Rjc‡_ evsjv‡`kx gvjevnx Kv‡M©v cÖ‡qvRb Av‡Q| wKš‧ evsjv‡`k-fviZ wØcvwÿK evwY‡R¨i Rb¨
‡m¸‡jv n‡”Q †ewk AMÖvwaKviwfwËK iæU Ges DËic~e© fvi‡Zi j¨vÛjKW ivR¨ Ges KjKvZvi g‡a¨ fviZxq UªvÝwRU gvjvgvj
cwienb I Avbv †bqvi Rb¨ fvi‡Zi mv‡_ fzUvb‡K mg_©b Ki‡e Ges †mB mv‡_ evwYR¨ mvgMÖx cwien‡bi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`k‡K
mg_©b Ki‡e, we‡kl K‡i evsjv‡`‡k evé mvgMÖx Ges cv_i ißvbx|
3.2 Kg©m~Pxi miÄvg I Ae vb :
DcKib/Dcv`vb-1 : DbœZ Af¨šÍixb †b․c‡_i bve¨Zv (BDGmWjvi 215 wgwjqb) : `xN©‡gqv`x bve¨Zvi cvidig¨vÝ wfwËK
Pzw³ (wcwewm) e¨e vi ga¨ w`‡q bvjv ev cÖYvjx iæU wPwnèZ Ki‡Z Ges cÖKvwkZ MfxiZv e„w× I iÿYv‡eÿb Ki‡Z G miÄvg ev
DcKib AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e| Lbb cwigv‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i cwi‡kv‡ai Pjgvb Abykxjb †_‡K 6-7 eQi Kg©-wfwËK Pzw³ †kl n‡e
hv Awbf©i‡hvM¨ Ges MfxiZvi wbðqZv †`q bv Ges KgcÖvc¨ MfxiZv mviveQi M¨viv›Ux w`‡Z wVKv`vi‡K cÖwZkÖæwZ †`q bv|
wcwewm Gi Rb¨ wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©m¤úv`b gwbUi Ki‡Z GKRb cwi`k©K / Kg©m¤úv`b gwbUwis Kbmvj‡U‡›Ui mv‡_ Pzw³ Kiv
n‡e| mgm¨v GjvKvi †KejgvÎ wbe©vPbg~jK I wjwg‡UW Lbb †hgb Pi I evwji euva bve¨Zv iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z Avkv nq Ges
‡hfv‡e AwaKvsk b`x iæ‡U cÖ‡qvRbxq MfxiZv i‡q‡Q| ZvQvov, cÖwZK~j AvenvIqv †_‡K AvkÖq ‡c‡Z RvnvRmg~n‡K AbygwZ
w`‡q cÖKí Kwi‡Wvi iæ‡U QqwU RvnvRv AvkÖq¯j `~ieZx© NywY©So GjvKvi g‡a¨ Dbœqb Kiv n‡e|
AvBWweøDwU vbmg~n Ges DcKib 1 Aax‡b Dbœqb Ki‡Z †dwi cvivcvi iæU msL¨v-1 †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q Ges Dnvi we ÍvwiZ
weeiY mvibx 3 †`qv n‡q‡Q| 2015 mv‡j cwiPvwjZ ev_‡gwUªK Rwic g‡Z wnmve Kiv nq †h, cÖvq 6 wgwjqb NbwgUvi Lbb
Kvh© ïK‡bv †g․my‡g (A‡±vei †_‡K †g gvm ch©šÍ) Gme iæUmn wKQz v‡b cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| Lbb Kv‡h©i vb Ges Lbb MfxiZvi
weeiY 3bs mviYx‡Z †`qv n‡q‡Q| Gme v‡bi ZviZg¨ I iÿYv‡eÿY‡hvM¨ MfxiZv 2.1 †_‡K 4.3 wg. Ges b~¨bZg cÖYvjx
cÖk¯Í ZviZg¨ 30.46 Wg. (‡kÖYx 3 iæU) †_‡K 76.22 wg. (iæU †kÖYx 1 I 2)| b`xi MwZ cÖK…wZ I cÖYvjx cwieZ©b, evwj euva
I ‡kvqvj Gi Kvi‡Y cÖwZeQi Lbb ¯vb cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i Ges mwVK Lbb Kvh© Ae¯vb ïK‡bv †g․my‡gi Av‡M cÖwZeQi
wVKv`vi KZ…©K wPwýZ Kiv n‡e Ges evw_‡gwUªK Rwic gva¨‡g mviv eQi Bnvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| 3bs mviYx‡Z ewY©Z wb‡`©kbv
wn‡m‡e cÖZxqgvb nq †h, AvBWweøDwU b` iÿYv‡eÿY mswkøó Kvh© Ges bve¨Zvg~jK DcKibmg~n, †dwi cvivcvi Ges Rvnv‡Ri
AvkÖq †f․‡MvwjK GjvKv Øviv yBRb Kg©m¤úv`b wfwËK wVKv`v‡ii (wcwewm) g‡a¨ GUv fvM I e›Ub Kiv n‡e|
wewfbœfv‡e Lbb mvgMÖx wbqš¿b Kiv n‡e| hLbB `vex Kiv nq Ges Dchy³ n‡j Rwg I cvwb Dfq †ÿ‡Î e¨envi Kiv hv‡e
(cÖ‡K․kj I wbg©vY D‡Ïk¨ †hgb bxPz Rwg, moK BZ¨vw` wbg©vY) Ges cvwb (fivU I euva iÿv KvR, cvwb fvM BZ¨vw`)|
LbbK…Z mvgMÖx µq Ki‡Z evwj e¨emvqxi KvQ †_‡K `vexI _v‡K| †gNbv B÷zqvix‡Z yBwU ¯vb Lbb mvgMÖx vc‡bi Rb¨
wPwýZ Kiv n‡q‡Q-GKwU n‡”Q nvwZqv Øx‡ci DËi b`x Zximxgvq Ges Ab¨wU n‡”Q †fvjv Øx‡c c~e©vs‡k b`xi Zxi mxgvbvq|
AwZwi³ LbbK…Z mvgMÖx b`x‡Z Acmvib Kiv n‡e, Puv`cy‡ii wKQz bxPz GjvKv ‡hLv‡b †ewk fvUvi cwigvY †ewk, RvZxq Lbb
bxwZ g‡Z wbgw¾Z wWmPv‡R©i gva¨‡g Zv Acmvib Kiv n‡e| Z‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GjvKv gv‡Qi wWg cvov GjvKvq Gme Lbb mvgMÖx
†djv hv‡e bv hv grm¨ cÖRvwZ cÖvYxi Rb¨ ûgwK¯iƒc| Gme ~wlZ mvgMÖx Rwgi Dci Acmvib Ki‡Z n‡e|
Rvnv‡Ri So AvkÖq ¯vbmg~n 4bs mviYx‡Z †`qv n‡q‡Q| b`x iÿYv‡eÿY wVKv`vi wfwËK Kg©m¤úv`‡bi gva¨‡g cÖKí
ev Íevqb I wbg©v‡Yi mgq Gme AvkÖqmg~n bK&kv Kiv n‡e| N~wY©So I Riæix Ae vi mgq cÖvq cuvPwU Rvnv‡Ri Avevm j
Ki‡Z RvnvR AvkÖq myweav, †cvZvkÖq, cvwb fvM Ges RvnvR ms‡hvM j myweav wb‡¤œ eY©bv Kiv n‡jvt
mviYx 3 : DcKib-1 AvBWweøDwU iæU Gi vbmg~n Ges cÖv°wjZ Lbb
iæU ev c_
bs
AMÖvwaKvi iæU †kÖYx cÖYvjxi
cÖk¯Í Gg
(Xvjnxb)
Lb‡bi
MfxiZv
wg
wfwËmxgv
Lb‡bi
cwigvY
50%
cybcjj
nvimn
m¤¢ve¨ evwl©K
cwigvY
m¤¢ve
wVKv`vi
wef³
(‡f․‡MvwjK
GjvKv)
1 I 2 G 1 76 -4.3 37,500 56250 wcwewm-1
2 (Puv`cy‡ii
`wÿY)
G 1 76 -4.3 597,400 896100 wcwewm-2
3 I 4 G 1 76 -4.3 22600 33900 wcwewm-1
18
5 G 1 76 -4.3 236000 354000 wcwewm-1
6 G 1 76 -4.3 - - wcwewm-1
14 G 1 76 -4.3 432900 649350 wcwewm-2
18 G 1 76 -4.3 1000 1500 wcwewm-2
19 G 1 76 -4.3 25100 37650 wcwewm-1
20 G 1 76 -4.3 387000 580500 wcwewm-2
21 G 1 76 -4.3 392300 588450 wcwewm-2
22 G 1 76 -4.3 396500 394750 wcwewm-2
‡gvU 2528300 3792450
7 I 8 we 2 76 -2.8 370000 555000 wcwewm-1
12 we 2 76 -2.8 152800 229200 wcwewm-1
13 we 2 76 -2.8 76400 114600 wcwewm-2
13G we 2 76 -2.8 1000 1500 wcwewm-2
600200 900300
9 wm 3 30 -2.1 126800 190200 wcwewm-1
12 wm 3 30 -2.1 33274 49911 wcwewm-1
13 wm 3 30 -2.1 607500 911250 wcwewm-2
13G wm 3 30 -2.1 500 750 wcwewm-2
‡gvU 768074 1152111
me©‡gvU 3896574 5844881
mviYx 4 : DcKib 1 RvnvR AvkÖ‡qi Ae vb
µwgK
bs
RvnvR AvkÖ‡qi Ae vb ‣`N¨ ‣`N¨
1 kvUbj 23027Õ46.54 Gb 90
035Õ.61Ó B
2 AMÖvev` 23022Õ02.60 Gb 90
0 38Õ.20Ó B
3 Puv`cyi 23013Õ44.73 Gb 90
032Õ.19.01Ó B
4 ‡g‡n›`xMÄ 22047Õ48.57 Gb 90
032Õ.19Ó B
5 mØxc (mvixKvBU) 22024Õ18.84 Gb 90
028Õ.51Ó B
6 bjwQiv 22022Õ15.59 Gb 90
00708Õ.55 B
Dcv`vb 2 : AMÖvwaKvi Af¨šÍixb cvwbc_ Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛs NvU / †÷k‡b DbœZ mvwf©m (BDGmWjvi 75 wgwjqb): `ywU Kv‡M©v
Dbœqb Dcv`vb mg_©b, PviwU hvÎx Uvwg©bvj Ges 14wU j¨vwÛs NvU| gwnjv‡`i e¨env‡ii cÖ‡qvR‡b myweavmg~n AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e
(Uq‡jU myweav, gwnjv I‡qwUs iæg Ges †j‡ejnxb e¨envi Ges mKj e¨envKvixi Rb¨ wVKvbv wbivcËv mswkøó Bmy¨|
weAvBWweøDwU Af¨šÍixb †b․cwienb mvwf©m e¨envi K‡i wbivcËv I AwfÁv Dbœqb Ki‡Z cwiPvjbvg~jK w`Kwb‡`©kbvmg~n
cwieZ©‡b mycvwik Ki‡eb Ges AÎ Dcv`vb ev DcKi‡bi hveZxq wewb‡qvMmg~n Gi jÿ¨ n‡”Q Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛs †÷kb
Rjevqy cwieZ©b wimvB‡jÝmx evov‡bv †hgb b`x cÖev‡n cÖZ¨vwkZ ewa©Z ZviZ‡g¨i wnmve Aej¤^b bKkv, AbeiZ KwVb S‡oi
NUbv BZ¨vw`, Uvwg©bv‡ji Ae vb I j¨vwÛs †÷kbmg~n msL¨v-1Ges 5bs mvibx‡Z Dnvi we ÍvwiZ weeiY †`qv n‡jv:
`dv bvg Ae¯vb
1 hvÎx Uvwg©bvj ‣`N©¨ ‣`N©¨
1.1 kk¥vbNvU 23041Õ24.55 Gb 90
025©34.72 B
1.2 bvivqbMÄ 23036Õ58.46 Gb 90
030©20.53B
1.3 Puv`cyi 23013Õ5961 Gb 90
038©54.65 B
2 mvaviY Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bvj
19
`dv bvg Ae¯vb
2.1 AvïMÄ 24002 Õ 34.42 Gb 91
000©04.58 B
2.2 cvbMuvI 23039 Õ 30.79 Gb 90
027©14.68 B
2.3 ewikvb
3 jÂNvU (j¨vwÛ †÷kb)
3.1 ‣five 24002Õ 35.76 Gb 90
059©20.62 B
3.2 AvjyevRvi 23010Õ 58.57 Gb 90
034©50.32 B
3.3 nwibv 23009Õ 51.20 Gb 90
038©32.33 B
3.4 wnRjv 22054Õ 18.07 Gb 90
031©48.32 B
3.5 ‡gvRy †P․ayix 22052Õ 23.10 Gb 90
046©56.25 B
3.6 Bwjkv (†fvjv) 22047Õ 31.72 Gb 93
083©3.30 B
3.7 ‡e`ywiqv 22042Õ 17.22 Gb 90
033©52.70 B
3.8 jnvinvU 22041Õ 18.11 Gb 90
029©22.62 B
3.9 eÏinvU 22039Õ 16.72 Gb 90
053©57.36 B
3.10 ‡`․jZLv 22036Õ 11.99 Gb 90
045©06.14 B
3.11 ‡Pqvig¨vb NvU 22031Õ 19.37 Gb 91
005©22.23 B
3.12 m›Øxc 22029Õ 03.26 Gb 91
026©01.06 B
3.13 ZRygywÏb 22024Õ 31.93 Gb 90
051©36.21 B
3.14 gbcyiv 22019Õ 35.89 Gb 90
058©28.40 B
mviYx-5 : 2bs Dcv`vb ev DcKi‡bi b`x Uvwg©bvj Ges j¨vwÛs †ók‡bi Ae vb
`dv bvg Ae¯vb
‣`N©¨ ‣`N©¨
1. hvÎx Uvwg©bvj
1.1
1.2
1.3
Shasanghat Narayanganj Chandpur
23°41'24.55"N 23°36'58.86"N 23°13'59.61"N
90°25'34.72"E 90°30'20.53"E 90°38'54.65"E
2. mvavib Kv‡Mv© Uvwg©bvj
2.1
2.2
2.3
Ashuganj Pangaon Barisal
24°02'34.42"N 23°39'30.79"N
91°00'04.58"E 90°27'14.68"E
3. j NvU (j¨vwÛs †ókb)
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.7
3.8
3.9
3.10
3.11
3.12
3.13
3.14
Bhairab Alubazar Horina Hijla Moju Chowdhury Ilisha (Bhola) Beduria Laharhat Boddarhat Daulatkha ChairmanGhat (CharBata) Sandwip Tojumuddin Monpura
24°02'35.76"N 23°10'58.57"N 23°09'51.20"N 22°54'18.07"N 22°52'23.10"N 22°47'31.72"N 22°42'17.22"N 22°41'18.11"N 22°39'16.72"N 22°36'11.99"N 22°31'19.37"N 22°29'03.26"N 22°24'31.93"N 22°19'35.89"N
90°59'20.62"E 90°34'50.32"E 90°38'32.33"E 90°31'48.32"E 90°46'56.25"E 90°38'33.30"E 90°33'52.70"E 90°29'22.62"E 90°53'57.36"E 90°45'06.14"E 91°05'22.23"E 91°26'01.06"E 90°51'36.21"E 90°58'28.40"E
UvBwcK¨vj myweavmg~n RvnvR ms‡hvM j myweavmn b`xmvB‡W b`xi Uvwg©bv‡j wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e (A_©vr †cvZvkÖq †ewmb,
Dc¯vcbv Ges cÖ‡ek bvjvmg~n), Kv‡M©v Pvjv‡bv Ges †dwi myweav (A_©vr gvjvgvj UªvÝdvi †Kvqvm Ges cvBqvi, Zximxgv iÿv
Ges j¨vwÛs mv‡Kv I †mZz)|
20
f~wgmvB‡W Gme b`x Uvwg©bv‡j UvBwcK¨vj myweavmg~n wbg©v‡Yi mgq Kv‡Mv© †÷v‡iR Ges cwiPvjbv myweavmg~n‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡i
(A_©vr µvBb UªvK Ges †jvwWs I Avb‡jvwWs eÜb, cÖ‡ek iv Ívi cÖk¯ÍKib Ges Kv‡M©v e›U‡bi Ab¨vb¨ GjvKv, gRyZ I
†÷v‡iR Ges ÷¨vwKs GjvKv, ¸`vg, euv‡ai myweav / hvÎx‡`i Rb¨ †WcvwK©s (A_©vr cvwK©s GjvKv Ges cÖkvmb feb) : †WªB‡bR
†bUIqvK©, gwnjv‡`i Rb¨ Uq‡jU Ges I‡qwUs iæg (Avjv`vfv‡e) Ges †givgZ myweav (A_©vr hvbevnb iÿYv‡eÿY †eBm)
Zxi iÿvi Kvh©µg Ges cvBqvi Kjvg/ cvBj ¯vcb Ges mgMÖx Zxi ev †cvZvkÖq †ewmb wbg©vY Ges cÖ‡ek bvjvmg~‡ni cÖ‡qvRb
n‡Z cv‡i b`x e‡ÿ cjj Ges bx‡Pi mvgMÖx Lbb Kiv| Lbb I wd«Kkb cvBj WªvBfvi Lbb Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv n‡e Ges
wcÖKkb cvBj hv cvBqvi Kjvg wbg©v‡Yi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv n‡e| Uvwg©bvj mvB‡Wi gvwU Zzjvi Rb¨ A ~wlZ †WªRU mvgMÖx e¨envi
Kiv n‡e Ges †eªKIqvU©vi Ges Ab¨vb¨ •ewkó¨mg~n e¨envi Kiv n‡e Ges A_ev wbgw¾Z wWmPv‡R©i gva¨‡g D¤§y³ cvwb‡Z
Acmvib Kiv n‡e| ~wlZ mvgMÖx msKzwPZ Acmvib myweavq ¯vcb Kiv n‡e|
j¨vÛmvB‡W UvBwcK¨vj myweavmg~n AwaKvsk j¨vwÛs †÷k‡b wbg©vY Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cvwK©s GjvKv, cvwb mieivn Ges Uq‡jU,
b`xi Zx‡ii ms‡hvM myweavmg~n Ges cvUzb‡K AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e|
Dcv`vb-3 : cÖvwZôvwbK ÿgZv Dbœqb I w wZkxjZv (BDGm Wjvi 70 wgwjqb)| cÖ¯ÍvweZ Kvh©µg hv weAvBWweøDwUG Gi
mvwe©K e¨e vcbv c×wZ e„w× Ges AvšÍR©vwZK gvb`Û g‡Z AvBWweøDwU Gi AvaywbK, `ÿ, Ges †miv gvbm¤úbœ e¨e vcbvi Rb¨
gvbe m¤ú‡`i ÿgZv‡K mnvqZv Ki‡e| Rjevqy cwieZ‡bi SuywKm¤¢vebvmn cwieZ©bg~jK Ae¯vq Bnvi wimvB‡jÝ Ges RvZxq
Rjvevqy Dckg Uv‡M©U mnvqZvq meyRv DØfv‡bi Rb¨ m¤¢ve e¨enviKvix‡`i Kv‡Q Pjgvb AvKl©b Ges cÖK‡íi gva¨‡g mgw_©Z
wewb‡qv‡Mi `xN© †gqv`x vqx‡Z¡i Rb¨ ch©vqµ‡g GUv n‡”Q RwUj| mgw_©Z Kvh©µ‡gi g‡a¨ 1) hvÎx I Kv‡M©vi Rb¨ UªvwdK
gwbUwis wm‡÷g e¨e v, bve¨Zvg~jK AšÍf~©w³ Ges b`x nvB‡WªvjwRi c×wZMZ wfwËjvBb m„wó K‡i evsjv‡`‡k AvBWweøDwU
†m±‡i Rjevqy wimvB‡jÝx Ges AvBWweøDwU Dbœqb, cwiKíbv, iÿYv‡eÿ‡bi Rb¨ DbœZ WvUv msMÖn weAvBWweøDwUG †K mvnvh¨
Ki‡Z b`x Z_¨ c×wZi Dbœqb| 2) Avc‡MÖW gva¨‡g AvBWweøD Lv‡Zi Dchy³ e¨e vcbvi Rb¨ gvbe m¤ú` ÿgZvi DbœwZ Ges
AvBWweøDwU †`K Ges AvaywbKvq‡bi AÂj Ges we‡ki me e¨enviKvix‡`i Rb¨ D¤§y³ cÖ‡ekvwaKvimn GKwU AvÂwjK
AvBWweøDwU †Uªwbs †m›Uvi g‡a¨ BwÄb Kg©Pvix cÖwkÿY †K›`ª (wWBwcwUwm); 3) GKwU Kvh©Ki AbymÜvb I †imwKD cÖwZôv‡bi
weKvk cÖ‡qvRb GKwU cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gv I ms¯‥v‡ii Rb¨ GKwU mgxÿv Pvjy; 4) cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK vwq‡Z¡i, Rjevqy
cwieZ©‡bi w¯wZm&kvcKZv, Ges AvBWweøDwU Gi meyRvqb mg_©b 5) GKUvbv Lv‡Zi Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ m¤¢ve¨Zv, mv‡f©, bKkv I
myiÿv M‡elYvq Avw_©K ms v‡bi Rb¨ GKwU cÖKí cÖYqb myweav; Ges ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kgx© wb‡qvM Ges cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvR‡b wbe©vwPZ c×wZ msMÖnmn cÖKí e¨e vcbv BDwb‡Ui (lô) mg_©b|
4.2 wbg©vY Dcv`vb I Drm
Rvnv‡Ri AvkÖq Uvwg©bvj Ges j¨vwÛs †÷kb wbg©v‡Yi cÖ‡qvRbxq mvgMÖx, gvwU, wm‡g›U, KswµU, B‡Ui †Lvqv, UzKiv, wcm,
KswµU, B¯úvZ Ges wewìs Dcv`vb e¨envi Kiv n‡e| G me mvgMÖx cÖK‡íi cÖfve GjvKvi g‡a¨ wKQz cvIqv hv‡e| evwj Ges
b`x †_‡K Dcv`vb fivU †hgb KswµU Ges UzKiv, wcm wn‡m‡e DciK wKQz Avg`vbx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, †h‡nZz G ai‡bi wm‡g›U
B¯úvZ Ges BU †Lvqv I Ab¨vb¨ mvgMÖx vbxq / †`kxq evRvi †_‡K msMÖn Kiv hv‡e| b`x I †Lqv iÿYv‡eÿ‡bi Rb¨ Lbb
Kvh©µ‡g Kg kÖg cÖ‡qvRb n‡e hLb Uvwg©bvj, j¨vwÛs †÷kb Ges Rvnv‡Ri AvkÖq †K›`ª Ges G ai‡bi cÖwkÿY †K›`ª Ab¨vb¨
cÖkvmwbK feb wbg©vY kÖg Nb| cÖwZwU mvB‡U G ai‡bi wbg©vY Kv‡Ri mgq Mo cÖv°j‡b kÖ‡gi cÖ‡qvRb cÖwZw`b 50 †_‡K 100
e¨w³| GB cÖ‡K․kjx, cÖhyw³we`, mycvifvBRvi, mgxÿYKvix, dig¨vb, hš¿cvwZ Acv‡iU, PvjvK Ges `ÿ I A`ÿ kÖwg‡Ki
cÖ‡qvRb AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e| A`ÿ kÖwgK‡`i cÖavbZ ¯vbxqfv‡e fvov Ges cÖwZwU wbg©vY mvB‡Ui Rb¨ gwnjv, wbg©vY K¨v‡¤ú
wVKv`vi Øviv cÖwZôv I AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e| wVKv`vi I vbxq RbM‡bi weAvBWweøDwUGi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi gva¨‡g K¨v¤ú I
wkwei Ae vb wbe©vPb Kiv n‡e|
4.3 wbg©vY ev Íevqb mgqm~Px:
mvwe©K cÖKíbv ev Íevq‡bi mgq mvZ eQi| b`x I ‡dwi ev †Lqv cvivcv‡ii iÿYv‡eÿY KvR Pzw³i Aax‡b mvZ eQ‡i g‡a¨
m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e| Dcv`vb 2 Gi Rb¨ cÖ‡K․kjMZ bKkv I BGmAvBG M‡elYv cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi cÖ_g eQ‡i Pvjv‡bv n‡e Ges
c~Z©Kg© cÖ‡K․kj bKkvi KvR m¤úbœ nIqvi ci Pvi eQ‡ii mg‡q Pvjv‡bv n‡e| cieZx©‡Z wVKv`viMb b`x I †dwi cvivcvi
21
iÿYv‡eÿ‡bi Rb¨ Pzw³wfwˇZ Kg©m¤úv`‡bi gva¨‡g †m¸‡jv iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡eb| cÖ‡Z¨K Avjv`v b`x Uvwg©bvj Ges j¨vwÛs
mvBU, wbg©vY •`N©¨ ZviZg¨ n‡e, cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q Kv‡Ri RwUjZvi cÖ‡qvR‡b 12 †_‡K 48 gvm ZviZg¨ n‡Z cv‡i|
weAvBWweøDwUG we ÍvwiZ cÖ‡K․kjMZ bKkv cÖYq‡bi Rb¨ Kbmvj‡U›U cÖwZôvb wb‡qvM I wbhy³ Ki‡eb hv cÖ¯ÍvweZ DcKib 2
Kv‡Ri cwi‡ekMZ Ges mvgvwRK g~j¨vqbmg~n cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb| BGmAvBG Kbmvj‡U›U n‡e ¯vaxb BwÄwbqvwis wWRvBb
Kbmvj‡U›U Z‡e Dfq Kbmvj‡U›U cwiKíbv I wWRvBb myweavmv‡c‡ÿ G‡K Aci mn‡hvwMZvi mgšq n‡e| wewfbœ Dcv`vb 3
Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ cÖ¯‧wZg~jK M‡elYv Ges we ÍvwiZ cwiKíbv hv cÖKí †gqv‡`i cieZx© eQi¸‡jv‡Z ev ÍevwqZ n‡q cixÿvg~jK
Ges cÖv_wgK c`‡ÿc mswkøó avivevwnK †m±i Dbœqb Ges cÖvwZôvwbK ÿgZv Dbœqbmn †Kvb cÖKí ev¯Íevqb eQ‡i Pjgvb
_vK‡e|
4.4 cÖKí LiP
mvwe©K cÖKí LiP 360 wgwjqb Wjvi wn‡m‡e aiv nq Ges weeiY mvibx -6 †`qv Av‡Q|
mviYx-6 : cÖKí-1 Gi LiP cÖv°jb
weeiY Wjvi, wgwjq‡b As‡Ki cwigvY
Dcv`vb-1 : DbœZ Avf¨šÍixb †b․-c‡_i bve¨Zv 215
K) iv‡Zi mgq bve¨Zvi Rb¨ Kg cÖvc¨ MfxiZv Ges bve¨Zv
DciKb mviveQi iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi Rb¨ wcwewm Pzw³|
wcwewm Pzw³ Aax‡b Aew›UZ mswkøó Kvh©µg
185
7
3
L) cÖwZK~j AvenvIqv Ae vq Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ QqwU-wbivc`
b`xe›`i ev †cvZvkÖq
10
M) †h †Kvb M‡elYv I iæ×vi ms v cÖwZôv 10
Dcv`vb 2: AMÖvwaKvi wfwˇZ Af¨šÍixb †b․-c_ Uvwg©bv‡j
DbœZ †mev Ges j¨vwÛ †÷kb
75
K) we`¨gvb cvbMvI Kb‡Ubvi Uvwg©bvj msjMœ eywoM½v b`xi
Dci cÖ‡ek AeKvVv‡gvmn bZzb mvaviY e¨enviKvixi mvaviY
Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bvj Dbœqb
20
L) AvïM‡Â we`¨gvb mvaviY Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bv‡ji cybevm©b I
AvaywbKvqb
6
M) kk¥vbNv‡U bZzb hvÎx Uvwg©bv‡ji Dbœqb 10
N) bvivqbMÄ, Puv`cyi Ges ewikv‡j we`¨gvb hvÎx Uvwg©bvj
Dbœqb
10
O) we`¨gvb 14wU j¨vwÛ †÷kb / jÂNv‡Ui Dbœqb 5
Dcv`vb 3 : cÖvwZôvwbK mvg_©¨ Dbœqb I w wZkxjZv 70
‡gvU 360
22
5. cÖKí weKí
5.1 cÖKí wenxb Ae¯’vq
Af¨šÍixb b`x cwienb evsjv‡`‡k GKwU m Ív I cwi‡ekMZ eÜzZ¡c~Y© cwienb e¨e v I c×wZ| wb¤œwjwLZ Kvi‡Y †m±iwU
m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Dbœqb Kiv nqwb:
ï®‥ †g․my‡g bve¨Zv : ï®‥ †g․my‡g I cwj Rgvi mgq Kg cvwbi Íi `iæb, b`xi bve¨Zv K‡g Av‡m| eZ©gv‡b ï®‥ †g․my‡g
RvnvR MÖvDwÛs Gov‡Z ev cwienb mgq Ges RvnvR LiPmn I Uvb©GovDÛ mgq e„w× K‡i Ges D”P fvUvi Rb¨ RvnvR
Ki‡Z A‡cÿv Ki‡Z wQj, hv wQj Aa© †evSvB Ges †evSvB Ae v| Gme ai‡bi Kvi‡Y e¨enviKvix‡`i Av v I AvMÖn
nvwi‡q hvq|
‡WªwRs ev Lb‡bi Pjgvb e¨envi I Abykxjb : eZ©gv‡b †WªwRs, weAvBWweøDwUG KZ…©K g~jZt HwZn¨evnx bve¨Zv iæU
eivei Pvjv‡bv nq, nvjbvMv` e¨vw_‡gwUªK Rwic DcvË bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y we`¨gvb cÖYvjx eivei me©`v Pvjv‡bv nqwb|
cÖ‡qvR‡bi †P‡q Kg cwigvY _vKvi Kvii‡Y Ges e¨vbw_K I RjR Avevm ‡j †ewk mgm¨v nIqvi Kvi‡Y G‡Z †Kvb Lbb
ev †WªR mvgMÖxi e¨e vcbv Abymib Kiv nqwb Ges AwaKvsk LbbK…Z mvgMÖx b`x‡Z D¤§y³ Rjvk‡q Acmvib Kiv nq hvi
d‡j Acmvib Ae v‡b A‡bK cjj DrcwËi KviY nq| Lbb Kivi mgq †Kvb cwi‡ekMZ gvb`Û Abymib Kiv nqwb|
bve¨Zvq miÄvg ev DcKi‡bi Afve : iæU eivei bve¨Zvq Abychyw³ DcKib ï®‥ †g․my‡g bve¨Zv wb‡q mgm¨v m„wó K‡i|
Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ AvBWweøDwUiæU I †ewk `N©Ubvi nv‡i gši ågb mg‡qi d‡j weAvBWweøDwUG KZ…©K vwcZ bve¨Zvq
mnvqK miÄvg bve¨Zv we‡klÁ‡`i gva¨‡g we‡ePbv Kiv nq hv kZ©g‡Z h‡_ó bq| cvwbc‡_ SuywKc~Y© mvgMÖx Dc‡P covi
NUbv evovi Kvi‡Q AwZwi³ Rvnv‡Ri yN©Ubv nq|
Af¨šÍixb e›`i I j¨vwÛ †÷k‡b Ach©vß myweav : evsjv‡`‡k Af¨šÍixb e›`i cÖvwšÍK myweavmn ‣ewkó¨ iƒc `vb Kiv
n‡q‡Q, hv hvÎx I gvjvgv‡ji wbivc` Av‡ivnb I Ae‡ivnb myweav cÖ vb K‡i bv| KvwiMwi NvUwZi Kvi‡Y, ‡nW-‡jvW
GLbI Kv‡M©v ‡jvW I Avb‡jvwWs Gi Dci wn‡m‡e i‡q‡Q| †h‡nZz RvnvR NvwU, ms‡hvM¯j, cvwK©s Ges gRyZ GjvKv Ges
hvÎx Avqk Gi Rb¨ †m¸‡jvi NvUwZ i‡q‡Q ZvB AvBWweøDwU evowZ Pvwn`v c~i‡Y b`xe›`‡ii cÖvc¨ myweavmg~n h‡_ó bq|
gwnjv‡`i Rb¨I †mme myweavi Afv I NvUwZ i‡q‡Q| Aÿg †jvK‡`i Rb¨ cÖ‡ek‡hvM¨ bq Ges Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ eR©¨
e¨e vcbv Bmy¨ m‡¤vab Kiv nq bv|
So AvkÖq¯‡ji Afve: evsjv‡`‡k µgvMZ So I N~wY©So n‡q _v‡K G S‡oi mgq I cÖvK…wZK Rjevqyi mgq RvnvR‡K
‡n‡j covi ûgywKi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq Ges G‡Z nvRvi nvRvi †jv‡Ki cÖvY nvwbi m¤¢ve _v‡K|
cÖKí Qvov Ges ch©vß AeKvVv‡gv Øviv hw` bve¨Zvg~jK iæUmg~n iÿYv‡eÿY bv Kiv nq Z‡e AvBWweøDwU Gi Gme iæUmg~n
µgvMZ Lye Ae vi w`‡K hv‡e|
5.2 Af¨šÍixb ‡b․-cwienb e¨e¯’vi weKí
AvBWweøDwU Gi Rb¨ mvaviY weKí n‡”Q moK I †ij| 1970 mvj †_‡K ¯^vaxbZvi ci miKvi evsjv‡`‡k mo I †ij
Dbœq‡bi †ewk ¸iæZ¡ cÖ vb K‡ib| wKš‧ MZ K‡qK kZ‡K AvBWweøDwU †m±‡i wewb‡qvM µgvMZ n«vm ev K‡g Avm‡Q| A_©bxwZ,
mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨vq moK I †ij †m±‡ii Dci AvBWweøDwU †m±‡ii we‡ePbv‡hvM¨ myweav i‡q‡Q| iv Ív (4.50
wewWwU) Ges moK (2.74 wewWwU) Gi Zzjvq AvBWweøDwU GK wK‡jvwgUvi ‣`N¨ iv Ívi Rb¨ GK Ub gvjvgvj cwien‡bi BDwbU
LiP n‡e 0.99 wewWUvKv gvÎ| AvBWweøDwU †jRvi R¦vjv LiP Ges AZ:ci MÖxb nvDR M¨vm wbMg©b e„w× K‡i| GKB R¦vjvwb
w`‡q GKUb gvjvgv‡ji cwienb ~iZ¡ n‡”Q Uªv‡Ki Rb¨ 100 wKwg, †Uª‡bi 300 wKwg Ges Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ 370 wKt wgt|
5.3 bve¨Zv iæU iÿYv‡eÿY Kivi weKí Dcvq
bve¨Zv iæU iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi mvaviY Dcvqmg~n n‡”Q Lbb Kvh© Ges c×wZMZ b`x cÖwkÿY KvR †hgb b`xi Dfqcv‡k© †`qvj,
euva, Av Íib, cvk© Ask, ms‡hvM j, wLjvj|G ai‡bi AeKvVv‡gv Zximg~n †_‡K bve¨ cÖYvjxmg~n Dbœq‡b mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| b`xi
Zx‡ii KvQvKvwQ cÖYvjx Dbœq‡bI G me evua, LywU, Av Íib, wLjvj mvnvh¨ Ki‡e| hv‡nvK evsjv‡`‡ki AwfÁZv †_‡K †`qv hvq
†h, evwl©K Lb‡bi mgq G mecÖYvjxmg~‡ni AviI Dbœqb cÖ‡qvRb| b`x cÖwkÿY KvVv‡gvi aib †QvU †QvU b`x¸‡jvi Rb¨
DcKvi n‡Z cv‡i| cÖk Í I eû cÖYvjx b`xmg~n †hgb-wb¤œ †gNbv ‡hLv‡b b`x cÖk Í GjvKvi e¨eavb n‡”Q 5 †_‡K 12 wK.wg.,
b`x cÖwkÿY KvVv‡gv G‡Z †Kvb Kv‡R Avm‡e bv, ZvQvov AZ¨šÍ e¨qeûj (cÖvq 3000 †_‡K 6000 BDGmWjvi cÖwZ wgUv‡i
LiP n‡e) Ges yB b`xi cÖwkÿY KvVv‡gvi g‡a¨ b`xi Zx‡i fv½b wn‡m‡e b`x A‡j e¨vcKfv‡e Rxewe`¨v cÖvYx Dw™¢` cÖfve
K‡i| b`x Zxi fv½ d¬¨vWcøvBb K…wl Rwgi fv½b Ges ¯jR wbev‡mi fv½b m„wó Ki‡e| cÖK‡í AšÍf~©³ †WªwRs iÿYv‡eÿY cvwb
23
c‡_i Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb| hvB‡nvK, b`x cÖwkÿY ¯‥xg e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g Lbb I Ab¨vb¨ iÿYv‡eÿY Kgv‡bvi welqwU DcKib 2 †Z
M‡elYv Kiv n‡e Ges wKQz cixÿvg~jK cÖKí (BDGmWjvi 0.75 wgwjqb) Dbœqb Kiv n‡e|
5.4 †WªwRs ev Lbb Kv‡h©i weKí c×wZ
cÖKí AvBWweøDwU iæ‡Ui Dc‡hvMx mvaviY Lbb aib n‡”Q KvwiMwi I nvB‡WªvwjK †WªRvi (Lbbhš¿)| cwi‡e‡ki mgm¨v¸‡jv
we‡ePbvq wbe©vwPZ Lbb hš¿ mg~n n‡”Q : 1) Lb‡bi mgq Kg SzuwK cwj AcmviY I we¯Ívib 2) D‡Ëvjb Kiv †_‡K cwjj gy³
Kivi mgq Kg SuywK, cwj R‡g _vKv Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ Kvh©Kixfv‡e D³ wbqš¿b K‡i Zz‡j †bqv DwPZ Ges 3) cwienb wQ‡ ªi SuywK
Kg| wewfbœ Lbb †K․k‡ji we ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv‡K GcÖfve g~j¨vqb AšÍf~©³ K‡i Ges cwi‡ek e¨e vcbvi w`Kmg~‡ni Dci
†m¸‡jvi m¤ú~K©g~jK Kg©m¤úv`b‡K Zzjbv K‡i| Lbb miÄvgvw`i Dci P~ovšÍ wm×všÍ wVKv`v‡ii Kv‡Q †`qv n‡e|
5.5 LbbK…Z mvgMÖx e¨e¯’vcbvi weKí
LbbK…Z mvgMÖx e¨e vcbvi Rb¨ wewfbœ Ackb I Dcvq we‡ePbv I g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cvwb I f~wg‡Z e¨env‡i myweav I
DcKvi‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡i ‡hLv‡b Pvwn`v i‡q‡Q Ges mvgMÖx n‡”Q Dc‡hvMx; f~wg I cvwb‡Z AwZwi³ mvgMÖx Acmvib hw`
mvgMÖx¸‡jv ~wlZ nq| LbbK…Z mvgMÖxi e¨envi DcKvi (hw` Dc‡hvMx, cwi‡ekMZfv‡e MÖnY‡hvM¨ Ges f~wg e¨env‡ii Pvwn`v
_v‡K) cÖ‡K․kjMZ fivU (wbg©vY wfwË, gvwU fivU); wbg©vY (bZzb f~wgi cyb`vex, GwMÖ‡MU, moK); Ges RjR e¨envin‡”Q
wbg©vY (WvBK GÛ evDÛ) Ges Avevm j Dbœqb (RjR wbevm, B›UviwUWvj gvWd¬¨vU)| f~wgi Dci AwZwi³ mvgMÖx ev ªe¨
Acmvib wbe©vPb Kiv nqwb †h‡nZz d¬¨vW‡cøBb f~wg ‡ewk K‡i Pvl Avev` Kiv nq| BmPzqvwi‡Z Acmvi‡b ¯vcb Ab¨ wbe©vwPZ
Ackb ev e¨e v Kiv nq †h‡nZz cÖvK…wZK c_ I Pµ †_‡K Lbb Øviv cjj Acmvib cwi‡e‡k aŸs‡mi cwiYwZi KviY n‡Z
cv‡i| †WªwRs Gi gva¨‡g fv½b I Rgvi Aewkó Ask mgm¨v n‡e| Kv‡RB cwiwPwZ e¨e vq mvgMÖx¸‡jv †diZ ‡`qvB DcKvix
n‡Z cv‡i|+98
5.6 weKí Pzw³i Dc¯’vcbv
Pzw³ Kivi Dc vcbv wfwˇZ HwZn¨MZfv‡e weAvBWweøDwU wej Ae †KvqvwUwU Abymib Ki‡Q †hLv‡b wVKv`vi Lbb Kg©Kv‡Ûi
cwigv‡Yi Dci cwi‡kva Ki‡eb| Pzw³wfwËK Kg©m¤úv`b (wcwewm) wb¤œwjwLZ myweavi Kvi‡Y G cÖK‡í mycvwik Kiv hv‡”Q 1)
wifvi‡eW A½ ms vcb cwieZ©b Abymib Ki‡Z wVKv`vi we ÍvwiZ iæU mvwo mgšq Ki‡eb (Ges bve¨Zvi DcKib mg~n
Abyiƒcfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡eb), Ges 2) eis LbbK…Z cwigvY A‡cÿv iÿYv‡eÿY I cwiPvwjZ MfxiZvi Dci cÖv_wgKfv‡e
†c‡g›U wbf©i I wfwË K‡i, G‡Z we¯ÍvwiZ Lbb cwiKíbv wVKvbv`v‡ii Kv‡Q †`qv nqwb Ges cwie‡Z© µgvMZ Rwic Pvjv‡Z
wVKv`v‡ii Kv‡Q Zv ivL‡Z n‡e, Dchy³ Lbb miÄvgvw`i cÖ‡qvRb wba©viY Kiv Ges P¨v‡bj ev cÖYvjx iÿYv‡eÿY I cwiPvjbv
Kiv (hLb cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK kZ©mg~n †hgb-‡P․KvV K`©gv³ Ae v / Ab¨vb¨ cvwbi ¸YMZ Íi, wbw`©ó †g․my‡g
ms‡e`bkxj cÖvYxi wbevm Gwo‡q Pjv ev ev` †`qv, c~‡e© Aby‡gvw`Z Ae vb BZ¨vw`‡Z Zij c`v_© ev e ‧i Acmvib hLb
cÖwZcvjb hvPvB I cixÿv Ki‡Z Z…Zxqc‡ÿi µgvMZ ch©‡eÿY I gwbUwis KvR P‡j|
5.7 weKí Ae¯’vb Ges Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛ †÷k‡bi bKkvi w`Kmg~n
Uvwg©bvj emv‡bvi Rb¨ weKí Ae vb Ges j¨vwÛs †÷kb Ges Zv‡`i weKí bKkvi w`Kmg~n cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi mgq Gme
Dcv`v‡bi Rb¨ we ÍvwiZ BGmAvBG Ask wn‡m‡e we‡kølY Kiv n‡e|
24
LÛ ÔLÕ - cwi‡ekMZ g~j¨vqb Ges cÖkgb cwiKíbv
6. cwi‡e‡ki weeiY
6.1 †f․wZK cwi‡ek
GjvKv wn‡m‡e cÖKí cÖfvweZ GjvKvi M‡elYv I mgxÿvi msÁv : mvwe©K cÖK‡íi cÖfve GjvKv msÁvwqZ Kiv nq hv cÖZ¨ÿ I
c‡ivÿfv‡e cÖ¯ÍvweZ Lbb Kvh© Ges wbg©vY Kg©Kv‡Ûi Øviv cÖfvweZ nIqvi m¤¢vebv _v‡K| Bnv AšÍf~©³ K‡i Z‡e ‡h cwigv‡Y
evo‡e Zv mxwgZ bq cÖKíwU d¬¨vW‡cøBb ev RjgMœ GjvKv, nvB‡WªvjwR, A½ ms vcb (gid‡jvRx) Ges cÖK‡íi dzUwcÖ›U‡K
cÖfvweZ Ki‡e|GUv b`xi Zx‡ii cÖ‡Z¨K mvB‡Wi GK wK‡jvwgUvi e„w× Kiv Ges cÖKí iæ‡Ui g‡a¨ mgMÖ b`x‡Z †c․Q‡Z
cÖfvweZ Ki‡e| †gvnbv GjvKv, 7 wK‡jvwgUvi cÖk ÍZvq cÖfvweZ GjvKv eo †Rvqvi fvUv A‡ji Kvi‡Y we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖvK…wZK I ‡f․‡MvwjK Ae vb t GB GjvKv cÖvK…wZK ‡f․‡MvwjK Ae¯vb M½v, eªÿcyÎ, DRvb I fvwU †gNbv b`x Ges KvUv I
AuvKvevuKv cÖYvjx Pi, Kuv`v mgZj Ae¯v Ges Zv‡`i cvjwjK cøveb f~wgi m‡½ Zv‡`i Dcb`xi •ewkó¨ Øviv cÖfvweZ nq|
eªÿcyÎ, †Mvqvjb›`, M½v, M½vi wgwjZ cÖven †hvM K‡i Ges eªÿcyÎ cÙ b`x bv‡g cwiwPZ Ges †gNbv Puv`cy‡i cÙ AviI
fvwU‡Z wgwjZ nq| fvwU w`K †_‡K cÙ I DRvb †gNbvi wgwjZ cÖevn we‡ki †gvnbv I e„nZ¥ (cÖ 5 wK.wg †_‡K 12) we Í…Z
b`x GK n‡q fvwU‡Z †gNbv bv‡g cwiwPZ| GUvi A‡bK MÖæc Ges wgwjZ n‡q ‡gNbvi †kl †gvnbv, mvaevRcyi I nvwZqv
P¨v‡b‡ji gva¨‡g e‡½vcmvM‡i wgwjZ I cÖevwnZ n‡q‡Q| wb¤œZi †gNbv evrmwiKfv‡e evsjvi d¨vb, we‡k^i e„nËg Ae‡ÿc‡bi
wm‡÷ wdwWs Gi cjj cÖvq GK wewjqb Ub enb K‡i| †Wëv c~e©v‡j mwµq Ask cÖven I mvgyw`ªK cÖwµqv cÖfve cÖwZ‡iv‡a
wPwnèZ Kiv nq| mvgyw`ªK cÖwµqvi kw³kvjx cvwÿK cÖKiY m‡½ GKwU †mwgwWDibvj †Rvqvi hLb b`x‡Z cÖvß cÖ‡mm D”P cwj
(Ges FZz cwieZ©‡bi) Øviv cwiPvwjZ nq| cÖevn cÖfve me‡P‡q kw³kvjx †Rvqv‡ii † ªvZ A½ ms vcb msµvšÍ cwieZ©‡bi
cÖavb KviY †hLv‡b nvwZqv I m›`xc P¨v‡b‡ji g‡a¨ welLvjx I ‡ZuZzwjqv b`xi †gvnbv I mvgyw`ªK cÖfve DrcwË nq|
kvnevRcyi P¨v‡bj (Ges †fvjv Øxc) GKwU RwUj A½ ms vb msµvšÍ cÖwµqv n‡Z cv‡i hv Dfq cÖevn I †Rvqv‡ii MwZ we`¨v
Øviv cÖfvweZ nq (b`x Qvov) cÖK‡íi cÖfve GjvKvi cøveb fwg j¨vÛ e¨envi K…wl Øviv 71.2 kZvsk, RbemwZ Øviv 28.1
kZvsk, Rjvk‡qi 0.56 kZvsk, cwZZ Rwg (miKvwi gvwjKvbvaxbeR©¨ f~wg) Ges Ab¨vb¨ e¨envi K‡i 0.13 kZvsk 0.01
kZvsk Av”Qvw`Z nq|
Rjevqy : evsjv‡`‡ki Rjevqy wZb FZzi mv‡_ Dc-µvšÍxq; †deªæqvwi b‡f¤^i †_‡K h©_v gvP© †_‡K †g, Ryb †_‡K A‡±vei gvm
ch©šÍ el©v MÖx®§ Ges kxZ †g․my‡g XvKv m‡e©v”P ZvcgvÎv 39.3 wWMÖx †m. 23.3 wWMÖx †m: †_‡K m›`xc 42.3 †m Ges G 21.8
wWMÖx †m. †_‡K cwiewZ©Z nq| m‡e©v”P ZvcgvÎv Rvbyqvwi‡Z GwcÖj gv‡m Ges me©wb¤œ ZvcgvÎ N‡U|GB A‡ji Mo evwl©K
e„wócvZ m¤ú‡K© 2100 GgGg XvKvq Ges m›Øx‡c 3480 GgGg nq| evwl©K e„wócv‡Zi cÖvq 75 †_‡K 80 kZvsk †ÿ‡Î Ryb
†_‡K A‡±vei mgq †`Lv hvq| wb¤ œZi †gNbv evqy kvmb ï®‥ †g․my‡g (‡g b‡f¤i) Ges el©v †g․my‡g (A‡±vei Ryb) Gi g‡a¨
†g․mygx cÖKib ‡`Lv hvq| ï®‥ †g․my‡g evZvm kvšÍ _v‡K| el©v †g․my‡g evZvm ev evqy †gNbv †gvnbvq cÖvq 3-7.6 wMuU| m‡e©v”P
evZv‡mi MwZ 32-99 wMuU mxgvbvq n‡Z cv‡i|
nvB‡WªvjwR : XvKv-PÆMÖg Kwi‡Wvi Aax‡b b` g~jZ ev cÖavbZ Pvi fv‡M wef³ Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i; 1) cÖavb XvKv-PÆMÖvg iæU
eywoM½v, a‡jk^ix, †gNbvi fvwU I †gNbvi ‡gvnbv mgš‡q MwVZ 2) bvivqYMÄ G·‡Ukb iæU kxZjÿ¨v I †gNbvi DRvb wb‡q
MwVZ, 3) DRvb ‡gNbv wb‡q AvïMÄ iæU MwVZ Ges 4) †gNbvi wb¤œ AÂj, †gNbvi †gvnbv I Lvox, Avwoqvj Luv, bqvfvMbvbx,
†ZuZzwjqv, gvmKvUv I KxZ©b‡Lvjv wb‡q MwVZ| †deªæqvwi‡Z 5800 NbwgUvi †_‡K AvM‡ó 72000 NbwgUvi †_‡K wb¤œ‡gNbvi
e¨eavb gvwmK wWmP©vR|
‡Rvqvi fvUv t AvïMÄ 0.2 wgt †Rvqvi fvUvi cwimxgvmn DËivÂj †QvULv‡Uv †RvqvifvUv Øviv hw`I AvµvšÍ nq Z‡e wKQz
†Rvqvi fvUvi m¤ú~Y© cÖKí GjvKv cÖfvweZ| cÖwZw`b e‡½vcmvM‡i †Rvqv‡ii ywU D”P cvwb cÖevn Ges `ywU wb¤œ cvwb cÖevn,
cÖK…wZi Avav-AvwýK nq, evsjv‡`‡ki DcK~jxq GjvKvi cwkPg As‡k Mo †Rvqvi cwimxgv cÖvq 1.5 wgUvi| m›Øxc Pvicv‡ki
DcK~jxq GjvKvq, †Rvqvi cwimxgv m¤ú‡K© 6.6 wgUvi, †Rvqvi cwimxgv Puv`cy‡i cÖvq 1 wgUv‡ii Kg|
‡XD ev Zi½ t wb¤œ †gNbv †gvnbvq evZv‡mi †UD I Zi½ cÖfve AvšÍ-‡Rvqvi fvUv GjvKv Ges Zxi A‡ji Kv‡Q AMfxiZvq
mxgve×| †gNbv †gvnbvq Zi½ Rjevqyi Kvi‡Y mxwgZ MfxiZv †_‡K eis nvjKv| Zi½ bgybv CwMZ K‡i †h, `wÿY-`wÿYc~e©
evZv‡mi Aax‡b Mo D‡jøL¨‡hvM¨ Zi½ I †X‡Di D”PZv jvwfgyLx As‡k 0.1.6 wgt Ki‡Z Zxi A‡ji Kv‡Q 0.61.5 wgt Gi
25
g‡a¨ ZviZg¨ wb‡ ©k K‡i †h, ï®‥ †g․my‡g Zi½ 3-4 wØZxq D”P Zi‡½ I †XD‡qi mgq 0.6 Gg Zzjbvq mvaviYZ Kg nq|
el©vq †g․mygx †UD D”PZv 6 †m‡K‡Ûi †ewk mgqmxgvi m‡½ e„nËi 2 wgt ‡ewk|
N~wY©So t N~wY©So evsjv‡`‡ki wbPz DcK~jxq Av‡j Rxeb I m¤úwËi Rb¨ ûgwK¯^iƒc| N~wY©So, gv‡S gv‡S Zxeª †_‡K ZxeªZi
nq, S‡oi D”P evZvm cÖevn I Zxeª e„wó cv‡Zi †UD Øviv m½xq So gvP©-‡g Ges A‡±vei-b‡f¤^i gv‡m cÖej AvKvi aviY I
NU‡Z cv‡i| GB N~wY©S‡oi mgq Rxe‡bi ÿwZ I aŸsm evZ©vi Rb¨ DbœZ So mZ©K©evZ©v gva¨g Ges N~wY©So †K›`ª wbg©vY
Ae¨vnZ ivLvi gva¨‡g n«vm Kiv n‡”Q, hLb m¤úwË, cïm¤ú`, dmj I RxexKvi ÿq-ÿwZ I aŸs‡mi ZvwjKv ‡_‡K µgvMZ
1970 I 1991 mv‡j eo ai‡bi µvšÍxq N~wY©So `~‡hv©M h_vµ‡g AvbygvwbK 300,000 I 14000 Rb gviv hvb e‡j cÖZxqgvb
nq| Ab¨vb¨ cÖavb N~wY©S‡oi 1.5 †_‡K 9 wgUvi D”PZv jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| †XD m¤ú‡K© N~wY©So PjvKvjxb mg‡q †g 1997,
b‡f¤^i, 2007 mv‡j †g 1985, b‡f¤^i 1988 Ges GwcÖj 1991 mv‡j, †g 2009 †iKW© Kiv n‡q‡Q| N~wY©S‡oi mgq S‡oi
D”PZv 1.5 †_‡K 9 wgUvi D”PZv jÿ¨ Kiv hvq|
f~ZË¡ : M½vi gva¨‡g RgvK…Z GK-PZz_©vsk cwj gvwU Ges Dnvi AmsL¨K Dcb`x I kvLvi gva¨‡g Dw™¢` cÖfvweZ nq|
wngvj‡qi cv`‡`‡k bZzb cjj Rgv m„wó K‡i Ges †KvqvU©vibvix (GKPZz_©vsk) Ges Z…Zxq ch©v‡q Øviv GjvKvq Zjvbx R‡g|
cjj ¯Íi web¨vm mvaviY evwj AmnvqK e ‧i mgš‡q mvaviYZ K¤úRK…Z Ges G‡UjgvwUi mnvqK Rgvi gvwU Øviv Kv`vgvwU
‡`qv, Dcwifv‡Mi gvwU mvaviY ev`vgx cwjgvwU Ges cjj Kv`vgvwU|
f~wgK¤ú : (6.5 wR gv`ªvq m‡e©v”P f~wgm¤ú ‡gvZv‡eK evsjv‡`‡ki b¨vkbvj wewìs †KvW Abyhvqx, cÖKí GjvKv †Rvb 3 A_ev
wb¤œ †Rvb 2 A_ev 1)-G Aew Z, (2500 eQi †gqv‡` wd‡i AAm‡Z cv‡i) Ges Aóg mßg ZxeªZv; gvK©vwj †¯‥j G †KvW
g‡Z mg¯Í feb wewìs 4.3 wR gvÎvq (m‡e©v”P c„w_ex Kuvcv‡bv 2/3) f~wgK¤ú cÖeY GjvKvq c‡o‡Q|
f~-cøveb : cøveb f~wgi, f~-AMfxi‡Z¡ (4.2 wgt 1.1) G cvIqv hvq wKQz RvqMv Lvevi cvwb wn‡m‡e e¨vcKfv‡e e¨envi Kiv nq|
GQvovI †m‡Pi Rb¨ e¨eüZ n‡PQ|
6.2 ivmvqwbK cwi‡ek
cvwbi bgybv I we‡kølY : f~-Dcwifv‡Mi cvwbi bgybvKib I we‡kølY Ges b`xi cvwbi ¸b bgybvKib I we‡kølY †m‡Þ¤^i I
A‡±vei 2015 mv‡j m¤úbœ nq| bgybvi vbmg~n n‡”Q 1) nwibvNvU, Puv`cyi, 2) MRvwiqv, gyÝxMÄ, 3) e³vejx †dwiNvU,
bvivqbMÄ, 4) AvovBnvRvi, bvivqbMÄ 5) AvïMÄ, 6) m`iNvU, XvKv, 7) fvmvbP‡ii Kv‡Q Pz°vjxNvU, m›Øxc, 8) †bvqvLvjx
†Pqvig¨vb Nv‡Ui Kv‡Q 9) ewikvj †f`yi jÂNv‡Ui Kv‡Q 10) wnRjv †g‡n›`xMÄ, KvwjM‡Äi Kv‡Q 11) BwjkvNv‡Ui Kv‡Q,
†ZZzwjqv evRvi, †fvjv Ges 12) †`․jZLv jÂNv‡Ui Kv‡Q| me ai‡bi †gRi AvBIb, avZe Ges `~lYKvix e ‧i bgybv
we‡kølY Kiv n‡qwQj| †deªæqvwi 2016 Kg cÖevn †g․my‡g bgybv I we‡kølY Pvjv‡bvnq| RjgMœ †_‡K gvwUcvwb bgybvKibI
Gme v‡b Pvjv‡bv nq| QqwU ¯v‡b evZvm I kãgvbcwigvc Kiv nq, GQqwU vb n‡”Q 1) AvïMÄ, eªv²bevwoqv, 2) b`iNvU
j Uvwg©bvj, XvKv 3) Pi kÖxcyi, ewikvj 4) aywbqv †fvjv 5) Puv`cyi j Uvwg©bvj Ges 6) MRvwiqv Uvwg©bvj gyÝxMÄ|
Dcwifv‡Mi cvwbi gvb : cÖKí GjvKvi me b`xi cvwb ¸Y bgybv I we‡kølY †m‡ÞZ¡i I A‡±vei 2015 mv‡j m¤úbœ nq mKj
b`x‡Z `ªexf~Z KwVb e¯‧i m›Øxc DcK~jxq GjvKv †_‡K 50 †_‡K 140 wgwjMÖvg / 1. AbygvwbZ ZviZg¨ †gvU `ªexfZ KwVb
e¯‧i 646 wg. MÖ. / Gj nq| wb¤œ †gNbvq b`x‡Z A¯”QZv 337 †_‡K 970 GbwUwW cwiewZ©Z nq| XvKv kni †_‡K HwZnvwmK
`~l©b Kiv n‡q‡Qj hv XAKvi A ~‡i eywoM½v b`x, 90 wgwjMÖvg / Gj, 3.66 wgwjMÖvg / Gj Ges 7.65 wg. MÖv. / Gj •RweK
Aw·‡Rb Pvwn`v ªexfZ Aw·‡Rb †`Lvq, ï®‥ †g․my‡g eywoM½vi R‡ji ¸Ygvb Gi Dci GKwU gva¨wgK Z_¨ Abyhvqx (gvP©-
GwcÖj) 2004 50 wgwjMÖvg / Gj 30 †_‡K weIwW gvÎv cÖZxqgvb nq, wb¤œ †gNbv b`x‡Z R‡ji ¸YMZ gvb, DcvËg~‡j
kZ©vejxi Kvi‡Y †Rvqvi DVvbvgv I jeYv³KZv FZz cÖ`k©b 100 †_‡K 4000 MÖvg / Gj ZviZg¨ ‡`Lv hvq|
b`xMf© mvgMÖx : b`xM‡f© DcKib Ae¯v‡b G we‡kølY Ges IGmwcG Avi wb‡`©kKv (DËi-c~e© AvUjvw›U‡Ki mvgyw`ªK cwi‡ek
iÿvi Rb¨ Am‡jv / c¨vwim Kb‡fbkb) Gi m‡½ Zzjbv Kiv nq| cixÿvi djvdj bgybvi I GmwcGAvi wb‡ ©wkKv MÖnY‡hvM¨
mxgvi g‡a¨ †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q †hgb-wcwmwe, wcIwc Ges nvB‡WªvKve©b †hgb-‡Kvb ~lYKvix cj‡j wPwnèZ Kiv n‡qwQj| cjj
Av‡m©wbK NbZ¡ 0.3 †_‡K (÷¨vÛvW© 30 wcwc Gg 80 nq) K¨vWwgqvg 0.24 wcwcGg (÷¨vÛvW© 1 wcwcGg 2 nq), †µvwgqvg
32 wcwc Gg 7 †_‡K cwiewZ©Z (gvb 0.11 †_‡K cwiewZ©Z 1.65 wcwc Gg †_‡K cwiewZ©Z nq 150 wcwcGg †_‡K 200 nq)
Ges ` Ív 6 †_‡K 72 wcwcGg ÷¨vÛvW© 500 wcwcGg 250)cwiewZ©Z nq|
gvwU cvwb: mvaviY f~ cvwb 198 †_‡K 841 wgwjMÖvg / Gj wUwWGm cwiwamn cvwb cv‡bi D‡Ï‡k¨ gvwUi cvwb Dc‡hvMx|
†Pqvig¨vb NvU Kv‡Q GKwU vb, 3398 GgwR / Gj Nb‡Z¡ wUwWGmmn †bvqvLvjx‡K vbxq eªvwKk GKzdvqvi‡`i Dcw wZ‡Z
m¤¢ve¨fv‡e †iKW© Kiv nq| GwU Rvbv‡bv nq ‡h, †jvnv (03. †_‡K 3.24 wgMÖv Ges g¨v½vwbR Íi mxgv 0.07 †Z‡K 2.60
26
GgwR/Gj) AwaKvsk bgybvq RvZxq I wek¯^v ¨ ms vi gvb`Û AwZwi³ K‡i‡Q (0.3 wgwjMÖvg / Gj Ges 0.4 wgwjMÖv/ Gj hv
g¨v½vwbR Gi Rb¨|
evqyi gvb : evqygЇji evqyi ¸YMZ gvb wb‡q weke¨vs‡Ki BGBPGm gvb Zzjbvq cÖfve GjvKvq evqygЇji evqyi ¸YMZ gvb
e¯‧ KYvi g‡a¨ AwZwi³ †`Lv hvq wcGg 10 Gi NbZ¡ we‡kl K‡i D”P 49,67 †_‡K 127, 18 GgwR / Kg nq WweøDwR BGBP
Gm (50 GgwR / cwi‡eóbKvix evqyi gvb gvÎvwaK)
kã gvb t kã Íi I gvÎv mvaviY RvZxq I WweøDwewR BGBP Gm gvb‡K AwZwi³ K‡i‡Q, cÖwZw`wb mgq kã gvÎv 53 †_‡K
65 kZvsk Gi cwiwa I mxgvq cvIqv ‡M‡Q (AvevwmK GjvKvi Rb¨ RvZxq I WweøDwewR gvb 45 Ges 55 wWweG nq)
6.3 •RweK cwi‡ek
mvaviY Rxe‣ewPΨ t evsjv‡`k †iKW© me cÖRvwZi cÖvq 17% cÖKí GjvKvq N‡U _v‡K| GB Dw™¢` 367 cÖRvwZi ¯Íb¨cvqx
cÖvYx 25 cÖRvwZi cvwL 255 cÖRvwZi, mixm„c 36 cÖRvwZi, DfqPi 15 cÖRvwZi gvQ I 15 cÖRvwZi AšÍf~©³| †cvZvkÖ‡q
GjvKvq cÖvYx cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ M½vi Wjwdb (cøvUvwb÷vM½v‡RwUKv b`x K”Qc, DËi b`x †Uiivwcb (e¨vUv¸iev¯‥v, wZb-
‡WvivKvUv UvU©j e¨vUv¸wi‡avb‡MvKv cÖKí GjvKvq Aew Z RvZxq wecbœ cÖRvwZ| Dc‡iv³, gvQ aiv weovj
(cøvUvwb÷vM½vwUK) Ges R½j weovj (‡dwjmPvDm)RvZxqfv‡e wecbœ ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYx nq; Ges B‡qv‡jv gwbUi
(fvivbvmd¬‡fm‡mbm)Ges we‡bv‡mjøvU †Kveiv (bvRv bvRv) Lye KgB cÖKí GjvKvq †`Lv hvq, †h ywU RvwZMZfv‡e wecbœ
mixm„c| Mv‡½q Wjwdb gvQ aviv weovj DfqPi cÖvYx b`xPi K”Qc, Awje wiW‡j, meyR K”Qc I nvDKmwej K”Qc wekwe¨vcx
cÖRvwZ wecbœcÖvq, Ges gqyi mdU‡mj K”Qc weke¨vcx wejßcÖvq, gv‡Qi cÖRvwZ, 89 evwYwR¨Kfv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© I 53
RvwZMZfv‡e ûgwKi m¤§yLxb|
DRvb †gNbvi cøveb f~wgi wgVv cvwbi Dw™¢` I cÖvYx cÖRvwZ Øviv Aay¨wlZ GKwU cÖfvekvjx Clr Gbfvqib‡g›U cøvebf~wgi
GKUv D”P gvQ Drcv`b mg_©bKvix c`v_© mg„× ¯^v y ev Í Ges hvi wKQz GLb wecbœ A‡bK RjR cÖRvwZ MwVZ| †`kxq RjKz°zU
Ges cwiqvqx cvwL, Clr K”Qc Ges Ab¨vb¨ mixm„c I DfqPi G c×wZi Dci wbf©i K‡i GjvKv Rxe ‣ewPΨ mg„× wQj|
cÖvK…wZK m¤ú` †hgb-K…wl Gi Dci µgea©gvb gvby‡li gvS †_‡K Pvc ev ‧ cÖfvweZ K‡i‡Q| R‡ji ¸YMZ gvb GLbI g„m„Y-
‡jcv †fuv`‡oi gZ RjR cÖRvwZ (jy‡UªvM¨vjcvmwcwmjøvUv,Mv‡½q Wjwd‡bi cøvUvwb÷vM½vwUKv, gqyi mdU‡kj UvU©j
wbjm‡mvwbqvûiæg, µvDb b`x K”Qc nv‡W©jøv_yiRx, BZ¨vw` A‡b‡Ki Rb¨ AbyK~j nq Z‡e wb¤œ †gNbv Mv‡½q Wjwdb I BiveZx
Wjwdb Dfq mg_©b K‡i, Mv‡½q Wjwd‡bi †g․my‡g wgVv cvwb wWmPvR© wbf©i K‡i jeYv³ cvwbi Øviv e›Ub‡K wPwýZ Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Z‡e wgVv cvwbi cQ›` Ges AvBiiIqvWx Wjwdb jeb cvwb cQ›` K‡i| mixm„‡ci g‡a¨ G GjvKvq eZ©gv‡b Mv‡½q
mdU †kj K”Qc nvwZqv I m›Øxc cÖYvjx eivei †gNbvi †gvnbvq wg‡k‡Q Ges c~e©-Gwkqvi A‡÷wjqvb I ga¨ Gwkqv d¬vBI‡q
GKvZ¥Zvi cÖRvwZi gvwU‡Z kxZKv‡j Dc vcbKvix wn‡m‡e AvPiYKvix weke¨vcx ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cwihvqx cvwL d¬¨vBI‡qi g‡a¨
me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| cÖKí GjvKvi DcK~jxq ev ÍZš¿ weke¨vcx wecbœ BiveZx Wjwdb, Awjf wiWwj K”Qc, myeR K”Qc I
nvKmwej K”Q‡ci Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© evm¯vb nq|
myiwÿZ I ¯úk©KvZi AÂjmg~n : Bwj‡ki wWg cvov I eskwe Ívi GjvKv n‡”Q cÖKí GjvKv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯úk©KvZi GjvKv Ges
2bs msL¨v miKvi KZ…©K Bwjk myiwÿZ I msiwÿZ GjvKv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kiv n‡q‡Q| gvP© I GwcÖj gv‡m †Kvb Bwjk gvQ
aivi Awfhvb Pvjv‡bv hv‡e bv| ZvQvov me ai‡bi gvQ msiwÿZ GjvKvq gvQ bv aivi Rb¨ evsjv Avwk^b gv‡mi 11 w`b bv
aivi †NvlYv Kiv nq| c~Y© P‡› ªi 5 w`b Av‡M I 5w`b c‡i gvQ aiv wb‡la| A‡±vei I b‡f¤‡ii g‡a¨ mvaviYZ Avwkb gvm
n‡q _v‡K| b`xi Pvwiw`‡K AcwiKwíZ wkí Kvh©µg Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ eywoM½v I kxZjÿv b`x wWDB KZ…©K cwi‡ekMZfv‡e RwUj
GjvKv wn‡m‡e †NvlYv Kiv nq Ges Gme b`x eivei ‡KejgvÎ wWIB cwi®‥vi cÖKímg~n‡K gÄyi Kiv|
27
wPÎ-2t miKvi KZ…©K †NvwlZ gv‡Qi wWg cvovi Ae vb I vb Ges Bwj‡ki wbivcËvhy³ AvkÖq¯j
AvÂwjK B‡Kvwm‡÷g t cÖKí cÖfvweZ GjvKvq AvÂwjK B‡Kvwm‡÷g n‡”Q MwZkxj Ges cvwb cÖevn c×wZi Øviv wbweofv‡e
cÖfvweZ nq| GUv K…wl Ges wf‡U f~wg GjvKv Øviv we Í…Z I cwi‡ewóZ Z‡e †mLv‡bi P‡ii GKUv eo GjvKvI Ry‡o i‡q‡Q| hv
†i․`ª Nvm, Dw™¢` Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖvK…wZK MvQ MvQvwj Øviv Ave„Z| G AvÂwjK I †f․‡MvwjK B‡Kvwm‡÷g e¨e¯v cÖvq 25 cÖRvwZi
¯Íb¨ cvqx cÖvYx‡K mg_©b I mnvqZv cÖ vb K‡i ‡mB mv‡_ RvZxqfv‡e ûgwKi gy‡L i‡q‡Q ‡mvbvjx wkqvj, ebweovj Ges
‡g‡QvevN| Pjgvb Zxi fv½‡bi Kvi‡Y RjgMœ mgZj GjvKvi Íb¨ cvqx cÖRvwZi wbevm cwiwa I Avevm j µgvMZ K‡g
Avm‡Q| we‡`kx cÖRvwZ †hgb-A‡÷ªwjqv e„ÿwe‡kl Ges evej eb¨ cÖRvwZmn ¯vbxq cÖRvwZmn K…wl †ÿZ Lvgvi Ges
emZevwoi Pvwiw`‡K MvQcvjvq wePiY I we Ívi Ki‡Q|
b`x Ges RjgMœ mu¨vZ‡m‡Z f~wgi B‡Kvwm‡÷g: AmsL¨ †giæ`Û I ‡giæ`Ûnxb cÖvYx cÖRvwZi Rb¨ †gNbv I Dnvi Dcb`xmg~n
wbevm cÖ`vb K‡i| ‡`‡k Ab¨vb¨ b`x Ges RjgMœ mgZj GjvKvi AwaKvsk cÖRvwZ ‡`Lv hvq| †gNbv b`xi ¯”Q cvwbi RjR
B‡Kvwm‡÷g Ges Dnvi Dcb`xmg~n n‡”Q †R‡bwUK Wjwdm Ges ¯”P cvwbi mvgw`ªK K”Q Rxeb wecbœ| mvgyw`ªK wbevm evmv
wn‡m‡e Pi Kvh©| b`x I RjgMœ mu¨vZ‡m‡Z Rwgi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM n‡”Q ågbkxj gv‡Qi Rb¨ Kwi‡Wvi (Rb¥`vb jvjb cvjb Ges
cwiPh©v Kivi vb), GgbwK †gNbv b`x n‡”Q ågbkxj cvwL‡`i Rb¨ GKwU Kwi‡Wvi|
b`x I Pi f~wgi B‡Kvwm‡÷g : ‡giæ`Û dbvi Rb¨ KwP, MvQMvQvwj PiRwgi AvKvi GKwU eo wbevm: ¯Íb¨ cvqx cÖvYx, cvwL,
mixm„c Ges DfqPi cÖvYx| †Mvjv‡hvM ‡Kvjvnj I Ab¨vb¨ mgm¨v †_‡K Gme GjvKv cvi¯úvwiKfv‡e gy³, hLb wgwkÖZ
MvQMvQvwj Ges Rjvf~wgi GKwU eo Ask GKwU mg„× wkKv‡ii vb, Lvevi LvIqv Ges cvwL‡`i _vKvi wbevmf~wg| ‡`kxq Ges
ågbkxj Dfq cvwbcÿx, eb¨ †gviM I cvwL cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e A_ev Pif~wgi B‡Kvwm‡÷‡g cwi‡ekMZfv‡e wbf©ikxj| Pimg~n
we‡kl K‡i RjgMœ cÖmviY, A‡bK b`xi gvQ Ges µv÷wmqvb cÖRvwZi Rb¨ cÖRbb I eske„w×i KvR K‡i| mixm„c (wecbœ
Kvw”Qg) Pi GjvKvq mgy ª •mK‡Z Zv‡`i wWg cv‡o| evsjv‡`‡k f~wg msK‡Ui Kvi‡Y ªæZ K…lK I †R‡j‡`i Øviv ªæZ `Lj
K‡i †bqv n‡”Q Ges bZzb I De©i Rwg wn‡m‡e cÖvK…wZK Hk¦h© †_‡K jvfevb n‡”Q|
cvwLi AwfcÖqb ev †`kvšÍi t ‡gNbv b`xi Lvox ev b`x †gvnbvq b‡f¤^i †_‡K gvP© ch©šÍ Gme gvB‡MÖkb kxZKvjxb AwZw_
cvwL‡`i gnvmgv‡ek ‡`Lv hvq| kxZKvjxb cvwLiv wngvjq I ga¨ Gwkqvi DPuy vb Ges ~ieZx© vb ‡hgb-mvB‡ewiqv †_‡K
evsjv‡`‡ki b`x I mgy`ª Dò DcKzjxq ¯v‡b †eov‡Z Av‡m, cÖK‡íi cÖfve GjvKv VvÛv eid Ges wewfbœ cÖvYx Ges ¸j¥ Lvq hv
28
Kv`vgvwU I evwj, avb‡ÿZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq cÖPzi cwigv‡Y i‡q‡Q| Gme AwZw_ DovšÍ cvwLiv DËi-`wÿY w`K Dovq|
b‡f¤^‡ii cÖ_g w`‡K Gme cvwL Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡i Ges gvP© GwcÖj ch©šÍ Ae vb K‡i| 150 cÖRvwZi cÖvq 500000 cvwL Av‡m
(g~jZ nuvm, MvqK cvwL, Kuv`vgvwU‡Z Pjv cvwL) cÖ‡Z¨K kx‡Z evsjv‡`‡k ågb Ki‡Z Av‡m| †Pv‡L cov mvaviY AwZw_ cvwL
n‡”Q i³f ‡kj nuvm (U‡Wvgv dviæwRwbqvi), DËiv‡ji wcbUvBj (Avbvm GKzUv), M¨vWIqvj (Avbvm ‡÷ªc¨viv) (GKwUwUm
nvB‡cv‡jwm‡Kvm) DB‡Wb m¨vbwccvi (wUªbMv) Ges RwUjfv‡e wecbœ †`kvšÍi I AwZw_ cvwL ¯úbwej m¨vÛ wccvi (K¨vwjwWªm
wcMgvwbqv), Gwkqvb WzBPvi (wjg‡bv‡Wªvbvm, bW©g¨vb MÖxbkv¼ (wUª½v ¸wUdvi), eo `vMIqvj CMj (GKzBjv K¬vbv½) Ges
†cB‡›UW ÷K© (gvBK‡Uwiqv †jD‡Kv‡mdvjv), Avµgb‡hvM¨ Ges Bivwmqvb Kvi‡jD (wbD‡gwbmv AviwKDqvUv), eo ûgwKi gy‡L
we‡`kx ‡`kvšÍix cvwL‡`i wbev‡mi Ae¯v Lye Lvivc I wecbœ, gvby‡liv Zv‡`i wkKvi K‡i Ges mgm¨vi m„wó K‡i| RbmsL¨v
e„w×I Kvi‡Y Gme ûgwK AZ¨šÍ ‡ewk|
grm¨ Lvgvi I Pvl t cÖKí GjvKv e›`x Ges grm¨ Pvl e¨envi Dfq we`¨gvb| RjgMœ, wej Ges Lvj Øviv b`x Drcv`‡bi eo
Ask Ae`vb ivL‡Q| Lvj †_‡K gvQ Drcv`b h‡_ó bq KviY ïK‡bv †g․my‡g Lv‡ji cvwb ïwK‡q hvq A_ev eb¨v wbqš¿b
KvVv‡gvi KvQvKvwQ _v‡K| m¤úªwZ eQi¸‡jv‡Z hvB‡nvK e›`x gvQ Pvl cÖvq 50% K‡g †M‡Q eQ‡i 1.24% ‡bwZevPK nvi
evo‡Q| Zvm‡Ë¡I 2013-14 eQ‡i evsjv‡`k 3.5 wgwjqb Drcv`b K‡i‡Qb hvi kZKiv nvi 83.22% Ges Af¨šÍix Ges
mvgyw`ªK grm¨ †_‡K Av‡m 16.78% G w`‡q cÖKí GjvKvi f~wgnxb RbmvaviY Zv‡`i Rxeb RxexKv wbe©v‡ni my‡hvM cvq|
6.4 Av_©-mvgvwRK wfwˇiLv
RbZvwË¡K Z_¨ :
G mKj cÖKí g~jZ 10 †Rjvi 17 wU Dc‡Rjvq c‡o| †Rjv-XvKv, wK‡kviMÄ, biwms`x, eªv²bevwo, Puv`cyi, j²xcyi,
†bvqvLvjx, †fvjv, PÆMÖvg I ewikvj| Dc‡Rjv n‡”Q •five , ivqcyiv, AvïMÄ, †KivbxMÄ, Puv`cyi m`I, nvBgPi, gZje
`wÿY, gZje b_©, j²xcyi m`I, nvwZqv, †fvjv m`i, †`․jZ Lvb, ZRygwÏb, gbcyiv, m›`xc, ewikvj m`i Ges XvKv
†g‡UªvcwjUb| 17wU Dc‡Rjvq †gvU RbmsL¨v 14 wgwjqb, cÖwZ 2 wKwg Mo RbmsL¨v Nb‡Z¡i nvi 1382 Rb e¨w³| Mo
evm jxi AvqZb 7.72
Avq I †ckv : Av_©-mvgvwRK Rwicg‡Z cÖKí GjvKnvq evmM„‡ni cwigvY 585| cÖvq evmM„‡ni Avq `wi ª mxgvi bx‡P hvi
cwigvY wewWUv 6367/= (cÖvq 80 BDGmWjvi) cÖwZ gv‡m| kZKiv cÖvq 6% evmM„‡ni gvwmK Av‡qi cwigvY 10000/=
wewWUv (BDGmwW 120) cÖwZ gv‡m| cÖKí GjvKvq Zv‡`i eo Avq Drm n‡”Q K…wl, gvQ wkKvi (7%) Ges w`bgRyi
(2.41%)| Rwicg‡Z cÖvq 9% †eKvi Ges ‡eKviZ¡ n‡”Q MÖvgxb Rb‡Mvôxi GKwU eo mgm¨v we‡kl K‡i gwnjv I hyeK
hyeZx|
wkÿv t cÖKí GjvKvq mvwe©K wkÿv nvi A‡bK Kg| cÖKí GjvKvi 8wU Dc‡Rjvq ¯^vÿiZvi nvi 50% Gi bx‡P| G¸‡jv n‡”Q
: †fvjv, †bvqvLvjx, biwms`x Ges wK‡kviMÄ| XvKv, AvïMÄ, †KivbxMÄ, Puv`cyi m`i, gZje `wÿY, j²xcyi m`i Ges m›`xc
Dc‡Rjv GjvKvq ¯vÿiZvi nvi 50%| cwimsL¨vb I Rwic g‡Z evsjv‡`‡ki GwM‡q hvIqvi GjvKvi †P‡q Gme GjvKvi
wkÿvi Kg| bgybvK…Z RbmsL¨v ‡Kej 0.45% œvZ‡KvËi Ges 1.49% RbmvaviY n‡”Q œvZK| ewikvj m`i Dc‡Rjvq
GKwU wek¦we`¨vjq Aew Z| Ab¨_vq ‡Kvb D”P wkÿvi myweav cÖKí GjvKvi Gme Dc‡Rjvq bvB| 25% Gi †ewk †MÖW 4 †kl
K‡i‡Q| †gvU RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ gwnjvi †P‡q cyiæ‡li msL¨v †ewk †h‡nZz gwnjv QvÎx‡`i Rb¨ ¯vaxb Pjv‡divq agx©q I
mvgvwRK evav I cÖwZeÜKZv i‡q‡Q| S‡o cov gwnjv QvÎxi msL¨vI †ewk|
f~wg e¨envi t b`x iæU msjMœ GjvKvq f~wg e¨envi c×wZ‡Z †`Lv hv‡”Q MÖvgxb I kni GjvKvq wewfbœ `„k¨cU| Uvwg©bvj¸‡jv
kni I Dc kni¸‡jv GjvKvq cÖwZwôZ hv †`vKvb evRvimn Av‡ji evwYwR¨ †K›`ª wn‡m‡e NvU GjvKvmg~n Dbœqb K‡i‡Q|
Gme Uvwg©bvj nvRvi evmM„‡ni Rxeb RxweKvi Drm m„wó Ki‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K Uvwg©bvj¸‡jv MÖvgxb Av‡j b~¨bZg cwienb myweav
cwZZ Rwg, K…wl Rwg, cyKyi, Lvj Ges bxPz Rwg‡Z M‡o D‡V‡Q| D`vnib ¯iƒc, †`․jZLvb (†fvjv), m›`xc, ZwgRDwÏb,
29
‡jvnvinvU BZ¨vw` wKQz †`vKvb Ges evwYwR¨K cÖwZôvb Ab¨vb¨ Uvwg©bv‡ji mv‡_ Zzjbvq Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖvq 65% cÖvB‡fU Rwgi
†dwiNvU GKwU j NvU K…wl dmj Drcbœ Rwg‡Z e¨envi Ki‡Z †`Lv hvq| AwaKvsk msL¨K ¯Z¡ gvwjKMb Zv‡`i Rwg
evwYwR¨K D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨envi Ki‡Q Ges ¯Z¡wenxb AwaKvsk msL¨K gvwjK e¨emv I Ab¨vb¨ D‡Ï‡k¨ miKvix Rwg e¨envi Ki‡Q|
¯^v ¨ †mev:
mKj MÖvgevmx MÖv‡gi `vZe¨ wPwKrmvjq, KwgDwbwU wK¬wbK Ges Kj¨vY †K‡›`ª hvq Z‡e †KejgvÎ kn‡i †ewk myweav cvIqv
hvq| Wv³v‡ii Afve I Abycw¯wZ Ges Ab¨vb¨ wPwKrmv myweav bv _vKvi Kvi‡Y MÖvgxY RbRxe‡b mvaviY ¯^v ¨ mgm¨v †`Lv
hvq| cÖKí GjvKvi AwaKvsk RbMb 1-5 wK‡jvwgUv‡ii g‡a¨ Zv‡`i ¯^v ¨ myweav Ges †mev †c‡q _v‡K| †Rjv nvmcvZv‡ji
Lye Kv‡Q wM‡q Gme KwVb welq¸‡jv g¨v‡bR Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges A‡bK mgq Amy¯ n‡q Gme Rb‡Mvôxi Rb¨ P¨v‡jÄ Ki‡Z nq
†hLv‡b hvbevn‡bi mgm¨v we`¨gvb Ges moK PjvPj e¨e vq wbf©i I A_© LiP Ki‡Z nq| mvaviY †iv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î cÖvq 74-
95% cwievi‡K dv‡g©Ýx A_ev MÖvgxY wPwKrmv †ckvRxexi Kv‡Q †h‡Z nq, hv ev ͇e †h †Kvb evRv‡i ‡gwWwmb †`vKvb I
‡mevcÖ`vbKvix‡`i‡K AvBb I wbqg †g‡b Pj‡Z †`Lv hvq bv| Ab¨ w`‡K RwUj Ae¯vq 76-87% cwievi‡K miKvix
nvmcvZv‡j †h‡Z nq|
K…wl t
eb¨vi RjgMœ GjvKv n‡”Q HwZn¨MZfv‡e De©i Rwg hv DrK…ó km¨ Drcv`b Dc‡hvMx cwjgvwU Rgv nq Z‡e el©v †g․my‡g eb¨vi
cvwbi MfxiZvi Kv‡Q Drcv`b ÿgZv msKxY©| XvKv †_‡K PÆMÖvg AwaKvsk GjvKv †_‡K b`x iæU eivei eZ©gv‡b Gme GjvKv
evwYwR¨K D‡Ï‡k¨ e¨envi Kiv n‡”Q| cÖKí iæ‡Ui KvQvKvwQ wKQz GjvKv †hgb-Kzwgjøv, `wÿY gZje n‡”Q D”P djb nvimn
De©i GjvKv| †`kxq Avgb avb, Avjy, kvKmewR, ZigyR, km¨, KjvB, gUiïwU, gwiP Ges Ab¨vb¨ iwe km¨ e¨vcK cwigv‡Y
Drcvw`Z nq| †gNbv †avbvMÛv †mP cÖKí (GgwWAvBwc) ev Íevq‡bi Av‡M eb¨vi aŸsm Ke‡j c‡owQj| GLvbKvi K…lKiv
AZ¨šÍ Mixe, Rxeb RxweKvi ZvwM‡` Zv‡`i‡K wbR GjvKv †Q‡o Ab¨ GjvKvq vbvšÍwiZ n‡Z n‡qwQj| eZ©gv‡b Zviv wewfbœ
Rv‡Zi wee©wZZ D”P djbkxj Avgb avb Pvl K‡i _v‡K (GBPIqvBwf)| †`kxq wb¤œ djb Rv‡Zi cwie‡Z© GBPIqvBwf ‡ev‡iv
avb Pvl K‡i| Ab¨vb¨ RbwcÖq dmj cÖwZwU BDwbU GjvKvq Drcv`b Kzwgjøv, Puv`cyi I †bvqvLvjx †Rjvq e„w× †c‡q‡Q| †`‡ki
Ab¨vb¨ GjvKvq K…lKiv ivmvqwbK mvi †ewk cwigv‡Y e¨envi Ki‡Q|
wj½ mgm¨v t
G wb¤œ ga¨ Av‡qi †`‡ki A‡bK Ab¨vb¨ A‡ji b¨vq Av_©-mvgvwRK Dbœqb I cwiev‡ii Kj¨vY Ges cvwicvwk¦©KZvq gwnjv‡`i
‡Póv I D‡`¨vM eis ¯xKvi Kiv nq bv| G g~j¨vq M‡elYvq bgybv AwaKvsk RbmsL¨v‡K b`x Uvwg©bvj, mxgv ‡Nov †`vKvb Ges
evwYwR¨K †K›`ª †_‡K wbe©vPb Kiv n‡q‡Q †hLv‡b AwaKvsk msL¨K n‡”Q cyiæl Kg©Pvix A_ev Kgx©| hv‡nvK Rwi‡ci †gvU
cwiev‡ii RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ 45% wQj gwnjv| M‡elYvi Z`šÍ djvdj CwMZ K‡i †h, cÖKí mvBU b~¨bZg myweav gwnjv‡`i
cÖ Íve K‡i| ZvQvov, M‡elYvq cÖKvk Kiv nq †h, cwiev‡ii RbmsL¨vi g‡a¨ gwnjv‡`i wm×všÍ MÖnY‡K Ae‡njv Kiv nq
G‡ÿ‡Î †KejgvÎ 1.03% gwnjv‡K M„‡ni cÖavb wn‡m‡e MY¨ Kiv nq|
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7. Rjevqy cwieZ©b we‡ePbv I g~j¨vqb
Rjevqy cwieZ©b I AvBWweøDwU : AwZgvÎvq e„wócvZ e„w× Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi KviY n‡Z cv‡i, †ewk cwigv‡Y S‡oi MwZ Ges
AwaK ZvcgvÎv, fwel¨Z mgy`ª Íi Dc‡i DV‡Z cv‡i| djkÖæwZ‡Z cwj‡Z ‡evSvB cwieZ©‡b `ªæZ‡e‡M cZb bgybvq cwieZ©‡bi
Kvi‡Y AÂjmg~n eb¨v cøvweZ n‡Z cv‡i Ges cvwbi Íi cwieZ©b mvwe©K welq hv b`xi bve¨Zv‡K ÿwZMÖ Í I cÖfvweZ Ki‡Z
cv‡i| hw` AvÂwjK ‡¯‥‡j cwiPvwjZ M‡elbvi gva¨‡g evsjv‡`‡ki Rb¨ Rjevqy cwieZ©b cÖ‡R±kb cvIqv †M‡qwQj| G me
cÖ‡R±k‡b cÖPzi AwbðqZv RwoZ Ges ZvQvov Lvivc Rjevqy cÖ‡R±kb `„k¨c‡U ¸iæZ¡c~Y© fwel¨ e¨vL¨vi mvims‡ÿc Kiv nq
Ges cwiKíbvg~jK cÖKí cÖYq‡bi mgq we‡ePbvq †bqv nq|
e„wócv‡Zi cÖ‡Rókb : ï®‥ †g․my‡g e„wócvZv K‡g cvkvcvwk cvwbi cÖevn K‡g hvq| d‡j ïK‡bv ‡g․my‡g cvwbi MfxiZv I
bve¨Zv K‡g hvq| †g․my‡g MwZ‡eM ev‡o Ges b`x fv½b m„wó K‡i| Rjevqy cwieZ©b bgybv we‡køl‡bi wfwˇZ evsjv‡`k
DcK~jxq euva cÖK‡íi Dci GKwU wek¦e¨vsK M‡elYv cÖKí cwiKíbv Kiv nq| 2050 mvj bvMv gvwmK e„wócv‡Z wb¤œwjwLZ
kZKiv nvi cwieZ©b : Rvbyqvwi‡Z (14.53%), †deªæqvwi‡Z 3.24%, gv‡P© -0.4%), GwcÖj (-10.7%), †g (6.46%), Ryb
(3.55%), RyjvB (16.71%) AvMó (19.6%), †m‡Þ¤I (26.99%), A‡±vei 16.09), b‡f¤I (-11.53%) Ges wW‡m¤I
(-16.97%)
fwel¨‡Z mgy`ª ¯Íi Dc‡i DVv t gnvmvMi MfxiZv Ges mÂvjb cwieZ©b, m¤¢ve¨ Kvh©KvwiZv A_ev e-Øx‡ci Dc‡i DVv Ges
Zjvwb I cj‡ji Kvi‡Y e‡½vcmvMi AvšÍR©vwZ mvMi Íi DVvi mw¤§wjZ cÖwZwµqv| Lvox, b`xi wee„Z gyL I †gvnbv GjvKvq
b`xi cvwb ¯Í‡i cwijwÿZ cÖevn aviv †_‡K mgy`ª ¯Í‡i cwieZ©b n‡”Q mvÿ¨| †gNbv b`xi †gvnbvq i½w`qv Ges ‡UbZzwjqv
b`x‡Z †LKzcvov, cïi b`x‡Z wnibc‡q‡›U †Rvqvi fvUvi cvwbi Íi †÷k‡bi Rb¨ b~¨bZg cÖvc¨ cvwbi ¯Íi DcvË Ges evwl©K
Mo cÖevn aviv we‡kølY Pvjv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Gme †÷k‡b Mo cvwbi Íi DVvi cÖevn aviv †`Lv hvq h_vµ‡g 6.88 wgt wgt/ eQ‡i
3.7 wgt wgt / eQ‡i Ges 4 Gg Gg/ eQi|
evZv‡mi MwZ kw³:
2050 mv‡j N~wY© S‡oi cÖejZv 10 †_‡K 20% evo‡Z cv‡i| eo ai‡bi N~wY©So nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q hv m‡e©v”P D”PZvq
mgy`ª Zx‡i AwZµg K‡i jfv‡Mi †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡i| K‡qK w`‡bi Rb¨ RvnvR PjvP‡j ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ges wej¤^ n‡Z
cv‡i|
Rjevqy cwieZ©‡b cÖfve : AvBWweøDwU MÖxbnvDR M¨vm Drcv`b K‡i †hgb- RvnvR I Uvwg©bvj Acv‡ikb, Avf¨šÍixb cwienb,
AvšÍR©vwZK Rjevqy cwieZ©b †_‡K Kve©bWvBA·vB wbM©Z nq| hv‡nvK UvBwcK¨vj AvBWweøDwU Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖwZ Ub-wKwg.
gvj en‡bi R¡vjvwb ÿgZv UªvK I Ab¨vb¨ cwienb †_‡K Kg| cvwb c‡_ cÖK‡íi Dbœqb eo RvnvR‡K Pvjv‡bvi †ÿ‡Î
mn‡hvwMZv I mnvqZv K‡i hvi d‡j Kv‡M©v cwien‡b enËi Avw_©K mvkÖq nq| AZGe, AwZwi³ AvBWweøDwU-m¤úwK© wRGBPwR
wbM©gb mvwe©K AvBWweøDwU hvbevnb e„w×I Kvi‡Y n‡q _v‡K GLbI wRGBPwR wbMg©‡b †bU n«vm K‡i hv moK wfwËK hvbevnb
Gi mgcwigvY e„w× Avkv Kiv hvq|
Rjevqy cwieZ©b Dckg I Aej¤b : cÖKí cwiKíbv I ev Íevq‡b Rjevqy cwieZ©b mgm¨vi cÖavb cÖevn avivi Rb¨ Rjevqy
cwieZ©b BDwbU weAvBWweøDwUG ‡Z cÖwZôv Kiv n‡e| wb¤œwjwLZ Dckg I Aej¤^b c`‡ÿc cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi mgq Abymib
Kiv n‡e|
cvwbc_ meyRvq‡bi Rb¨ cÖKí GKwU †K․kj Ges Kg©cwiKíbv ev Íevqb I Dbœqb Ki‡e Ges fwel¨Z Kvh©µ‡gi †¯‥wjs mÿg
Kivi Rb¨ cvV Drcv`b Ges cixÿv Dc¯vcbv, cwiKíbv Aax‡b wbe©vPb Kvh©µgmg~n cixÿv Kiv n‡e| Kve©b WvB A·vB
Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ cÖwZKvi I wbimb mbv³Kib I wPwnèZKi‡bi GKwU eo Av‡jvKcvZ G M‡elYvq AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e| cvkvcvwk
RvnvR, Kv‡M©v Pvjv‡bv Ges Af¨šÍixb cwienb †_‡K wbM©Z MÖxb nvDR M¨vm Kgv‡bvi c`‡ÿcmg~n AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡e|
Kg©cwiKíbvi m¤¢ve Kvh©µgmg~n wb‡¤œ †`qv njt
wbM©Z M¨vm Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ jÿ¨ vcb Ges wRGBPwR wbM©gb ZvwjKv (eZ©gvb Kvh©µg) cÖ¯‧ZKib|
R¡vjvbx cwi®‥vi Pvjy e¨e v Kiv ‡hgb-wmGbwR (Zzjbvg~jK Kg M¨vm wbMg©b) Abymib Kivi Rb¨ Ab¨‡`I Rb¨
GKwU fvj bgybv vcb Ki‡Z gš¿bvjq KZ…©K wbR¯^ Rvnv‡R Zv e¨e v Kiv|
31
RvnvR BwÄb Avc‡MÖW Ki‡Z RvnvR gvwjK‡`i DrmvwnZ Ki‡Z Bb‡mwUf ¯‥xg Dbœqb Kiv †hgb-wbM©Z wbqš¿b
c`‡ÿ‡ci vcb A_ev wmGbwR Kvfvm©b|
wbMg©b Ges ~l‡Yi Ab¨vb¨ AvKvi Kgv‡bvi e¨vcv‡i wewfbœ AvPib w`Kmg~n wbqš¿‡b cvwbc_ e¨enviKvix‡`I Rb¨
wkÿvi cÖPvibv|
Kv‡M©v PjvPj cÖevn aviv Øviv jwRw÷K †PB‡bi g‡a¨ Dbœqb e„w×, UªvK UªvwdK Ges Af¨šÍixb bve¨Zv cÖ‡ek|
bevqb‡hvM¨ R¡vjvbx Drm e¨envi I Dbœqb Kivi gva¨‡g e›`‡i R¡vjvbxi wbf©ikxjZv Kgv‡bv|
d«›U Aej¤^‡b, cÖKí Aek¨B wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, b`x Uvwg©bvj Ges j¨vwÛs Rjevqy cwieZ‡b b~¨bZg eb¨v Íi I †j‡fj
we‡ePbvq cwiKíbv nq Ges ïK‡bv †g․my‡g b~¨bZg eb¨v cÖev‡ni m¤¢vebv Kgv‡bv|
ZvQvov, cÖKí we¯ÍvwiZ Rjevqy cwieZ©b wba©viY Ki‡Z mnvqZv Ki‡e Ges cvkvcvwk AvBWweøDwU †m±‡ii Rb¨ Aej¤^b
Dbœqb| m¤¢ve Aej¤b c`‡ÿcmg~n †m±i †j‡f‡j AšÍf~©³ Avkv Kiv hv‡”Q t
b`x c‡_ AbygvwbK cÖv°jb Dbœqb Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©b bgybvKi‡b Ges cjj bgybv cwieZ©b Kiv|
Rjevqyi Avk¼v I AvNvZ we‡ePbvq bZzb KvVv‡gvi Rb¨ `xN©‡gqv`x cwiKíbv I bKkv Ges KvVv‡gv cÖ¯‧Z I •Zix
Kiv|
AvBWweøDwU †m±I Ges c~e©mwµq e¨e¯v I Kvh©µ‡g Rjevqyi AvNvZ wPwnèZKiv|
bZzb cÖk¯Í Rvnv‡Ri cwiKíbv Kiv hv wb¤œ Wªvd‡U Dc‡hvMx Ki‡Z cv‡i|
Rjevqy cwieZ©b †_‡K cÖZ¨vwkZ fwel¨Z eb¨v †j‡f‡ji Rb¨ wnmve K‡i AwZwi³ weAvBWweøDwU-gvwjKvbv myweavi
fwel¨Z Avc †MÖwWs / cwieZ©‡bi Rb¨ cwiKíbv Kiv|
32
8. m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve Ges Dckg c`‡ÿc
8.1 mvaviY
R¡vjvbx e¨q I ÿq Ges MÖxb nvDR M¨vm wbM©g‡bi w`b †_‡K iv Ív I †ij c_ Zzjbvq AvBWweøDwU n‡”Q cwien‡bi Rb¨
cwi‡ekMZfv‡e eÜzfvevcbœ Dc‡hvMx| cÖK‡íi mv‡_ mswkøó †bwZevPK cÖfve AwaKvsk †ÿ‡Î bve¨Zv iæU iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi Rb¨
Lbb Kvh©µ‡gi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ I mswkøó| hv‡nvK bve¨Zv iÿYv‡eÿY (5-6 wgwjqb Gg evwl©K Lbb ev †WªwRs Pvjv‡bv nq|
†gNbvi fvwUi w`‡K GK wgwjqb Ubm evwl©K cjj ev cwj gvwU AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ Zyjbv Kiv nq GKB fv‡e †gNbvi fvwUi w`‡Ki
cÖk¯Í 5-12 wK.wg Lye Kg Zzjbvq bvjv ev cÖYvjx Lbb ev †WªwRs nIqvi cÖk¯Í 76.22 Gg| RjR I f~-LÛ wbev‡mi Dci Lbb
cÖfve I vcb AÎ Aa¨v‡q ewY©Z wbimb I Dckb c`‡ÿc MÖnY I Aej¤^‡bi gva¨‡g Kgv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| cÖK‡íi ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
†bwZevPK cÖfvemg~n AwaKvsk fv‡e b`x Uvwg©bv‡ji Kvh©µg Ges wbg©vY †_‡K m„wó n‡Z cv‡i| Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †bwZevPK
cÖfvemg~n RvnvR AvkÖq Ges j¨vwÛ †÷kb Ges cÖwkÿY cÖwZôvb , cixÿvg~jK b`x cÖwkÿY Kv‡Ri Kvi‡Y G me djvd‡ji
DrcwË n‡Z cv‡i| Gme cÖfv‡ei wbimb I Dckb Ges mgvavb c`‡ÿcmg~n G Aa¨v‡q Dc vcb Kiv n‡q‡Q| cÖK‡íi Gme
†bwZevPK cÖfvemg~n wbqš¿‡bi Rb¨ BGgGd mshy³ Ges cÖ¯‧Z Kiv n‡q‡Q hv cwi‡ek wewa Abymv‡i cÖ¯‧Z Kiv I cÖYqb Kiv
n‡q‡Q| Uvwg©bvj, j¨vwÛs †÷kb, cixÿvg~jK b`x cÖw©kÿY Kv‡Ri Rb¨ GKwU we ÍvwiZ BGmGGm M‡elYv Pvjv‡bv n‡e Ges
†mob mv‡_ GKwU wbw`©ó BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡bi cÖ_g eQ‡i cÖ¯‧Z I cÖYqb Kiv n‡e|
8.2 cÖfve wba©vib c×wZ
m¤¢ve cwi‡ekMZ Ges mvgvwRK cÖfvemg~n gvV cwi`k©b Ges ÷¨vK‡nvìvi civgk©Kvix‡`i mgš‡q wPwnèZ Kiv n‡qwQj||
GmKj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n wb¤œwjwLZ gvb`‡Ûi gva¨‡g I e¨envi Øviv wba©viY I g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡qwQj|
cÖfv‡ei wekvjZv: cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~n eo, cwiwgZ, mxwgZ, †QvU, ÿz`ª A_ev c¨vivwgUvi wfwˇZ bMb¨ wn‡m‡e
†kÖYxweb¨vm Kiv n‡q‡Q †hgb- K) cÖfv‡ei mgq L) cÖfv‡ei Qvo‡bv; M) wecixZ Ae v N) m¤¢ve¨Zv Ges O) AvBbMZ gvb`Û
Ges cÖwZwôZ †ckvMZ gvb`Û;
MÖnxZvi ms‡e`bkxjZv : mvBU A_ev cvwicvwk¦©K GjvKvq ‣ewkó¨ I myweav we`¨gvb Ae¯v Ges (AvNvZ/ msL¨v/ m¤¢ve¨Zvmn)
RbmsL¨vi ch©v‡jvPbv wfwˇZ MÖnxZvi ms‡e`bkxjZv wba©vib Kiv n‡q‡Q| Av‡jvPbvi welq m¤ú‡K© cÖ‡Z¨K we¯ÍvwiZ wba©viY I
g~j¨vqb ms‡e`bkxjZvi msÁv †`qv n‡q‡Q|
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae¯vi `vwqZ¡ n ÍvšÍi I Ac©b : wekvjZvi g~j¨vqb I wba©viY Abymib K‡i, m¤¢ve wiwmÞi A_ev cwi‡ek MÖnY Kivi
ms‡e`bkxjZv wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges mviYx 7 †Z cÖ`wk©Z cÖfv‡ei Zvrch©© Ae¯vi †gwUª· e¨envi K‡i cÖwZwôZ cÖÖ‡Z¨K m¤¢ve
cÖfv‡ei Zvrch© wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
mviYx 7 : cÖfve gvb`‡Ûi Zvrch©
cÖfv‡ei wekvjZv wiwmÞi Gi ms‡e`bkxjZv
‡gRi RwUj KwVb mvaviY ev g„`y Kg ev wb¤œ
wgwWqvg / ga¨g D”P D”P cwiwgZ mvgvb¨ ev Kg
A‡cÿvK…Z Kg
ev gvBbi
cwiwgZ cwiwgZ Kg mvgvb¨ ev Kg
bvggvÎ mgvb¨ ev Kg mvgvb¨ ev Kg mvgvb¨ ev Kg mvgvb¨ ev Kg
33
8.3 wba©vwiZ cÖfv‡ei mswÿß weeiY
cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve cÖfvemg~n Ges †m¸‡jvi Zvrch© Dc‡I 7.2 avivq ewY©Z c×wZ cÖYvjx e¨envi K‡i wba©viY Kiv n‡q‡Q|
cÖfvemg~‡ni mvims‡ÿc Ges †m¸‡jvi Zvrch© 8 mviYx‡Z Dc vcb Kiv nq|
mviYx 8 : m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve I †m¸‡jvi Zvrch©
এর
র
Ges
এর
জলজ উপর
জ এর র উ ম
জ মর উপর dredged
উপ র উ ম
জলজ
ম ম
ম
র উ ম
ম জ র
ম র ল ম ম
ম জ র
ম র ল ম ম
প র উ ম ম ও র উ ম জ এ প জ
র উ ম
Pi f~wg ম ম ম র এ প :
ম র ম ম
ও
ম ও
প র উ প র ম
জ র উৎ উপর
র উ প র ম
ম ৎপ র
র উ প র ম
মউ ম র ল ম ম প ও
র প র উ প র ম
মউ ও
র প র উ প র ম
& এ উ IWT র - উ উ ম র ল ম ম জ জ জ জ র
র উ প র ম
প ম র ল ম ম প ও
র প র উ প র ম
মউ ও র উ প র ম
34
এর
র
র প ল র প ও র
র র ল প র ম
8.4 Lbb Kvh© Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vY Kvh©µg †_‡K cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve
RjR I †ebw_K wbe©v‡mi Dci b`x Lbb Kivi cÖfve : b`xi Uvwg©bvj I RvnvR AvkÖ‡qi wbg©vY Ges †dwi cvivcvi Ges b`x
iæ‡U bve¨Zv iÿYv‡eÿY Ki‡Z b`x Lbb cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| bve¨Zv iæU eivei b`x Lbb iÿYv‡eÿY evwl©Kfv‡e Lbb cÖ‡qvRb n‡e
Ges K‡qK eQi ci GKevi Gme b`x Lbb I RvnvR AvkÖq Lbb Ki‡Z n‡e| R¡vjvbx ~N©Ubvg~jK Dc‡P cov Ges wbg©vY
hš¿cvwZ †_‡K wbM©Z M¨vm I kã †ebw_K wbev‡mi mgm¨v, Ges D”P cwj cÖevn m„wó Kvi‡Y RjR wbevm Ges dvDbvi Dci
†bwZevPK cÖfve †di‡Z cv‡i| wb‡Pi †gNbvq Lbb Kvh© Bwj‡ki Dci cÖfve †dj‡Z cv‡i hw` gvP©-GwcÖj Ges A‡±vei-
b‡f¤^i gv‡m Zv Pvjv‡bv nq Ges m¤¢ve cÖfv‡ei mvims‡ÿc wb‡¤œ D‡jøL¨ Kiv n‡jv:
Lbb Kvh© : Lbb n‡”Q cvwb As‡ki †e‡W mxUz Ae v‡bi g‡a¨ Dnv †_‡K wbM©Z e¯‧i †f․wZK Acmvib cÖwµqv| GUv
nvB‡WªvwjK I KvwiMwi hš¿vs‡ki gva¨‡g m¤úv`b Ki‡Z n‡e| †f․wZK cwieZ©b hv Lb‡bi mgq cwieZ©b NU‡Z cv‡I
Ges cwj gvwUi Rgv m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i G‡Z †ebw_K cwi‡ek aŸs‡mi RwUjZv I DQvj Zi½ m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i|
b`x‡Z Rxe‡`‡ni MVbZš¿ cwieZ©b mn gvwUi Íi wgwkÖZ Kiv, kã Ges hš¿cvwZ I miÄvgvw` †_‡K evqy ~wlZ n‡Z
cv‡i|
D‡Ëvjb ev ‡Zvjv t D‡Ëvjb n‡”Q †eW †_‡K LbbK…Z e¯‧ Lvov ev Dj¤^ cwienb| GKBfv‡e Lb‡b GUv nvB‡WªvwjK
I KvwiMwiKfv‡e m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e | D‡Ëvj‡bi mgq †f․wZK cwieZ©b NU‡Z cv‡i, †jvwWs Gi mgq AwZwi³
cÖev‡ni bgybvi Rb¨ cwjgvwUi ¯‧c Rgv n‡Z cv‡i| ‡f․wZK Nl©b cvwb Kjv‡g D”P Nbxfeb n‡Z cv‡i,
D`vnib¯iƒc, wdëvi wdwUs AMv©b A_ev gv‡Qi dzjKv wSwjø m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| Rjevqy ev®ú cÖf…wZ D³ cj‡ji
Kvi‡Y e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i| dvB‡Uvcøv¼U‡bi Rb¨ cvwb‡Z nvjKv ‡cwb‡Uªkb cÖv_wgK Drcv`b ÿgZvq K‡g hvIqvi
m¤¢vebv _v‡K| hw` cwjj cwi‡cvlK Ges †gUvj ev avZe mg„× nq Z‡e G ai‡bi •RweK e ‧ A_ev / Ges welv³
ivmvqwbK c`v_© cvwb‡Z †Q‡o †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i|
cwienb : cwienb n‡”Q vcb v‡b Lbb e ‧ n ÍvšÍi Kivi Rb¨ cÖwµqv| bgybv¯^iƒc ev •ewkó¨g~jKfv‡e cvBc
jvB‡bi ga¨ w`‡q nvB‡WªvwjKfv‡e Zv m¤úbœ Kiv n‡e| cwien‡bi mgq m¤¢ve¨ cÖfvemg~n n‡”Q b`x e¨enviKvix
Ab¨vb¨ cwienb wel‡q wbivcËv I Dc‡P cov|
gvQ I Ab¨vb¨ cÖRvwZi ev”Qv †`qv I wWg cvovi mgq gvQ Ges Ab¨vb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖRvwZi ms‡e`kxj GjvKv ev` w`‡q Lbb ev
†WªwRs Gi cÖfve Kgv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| ms‡e`bkxj GjvKv mg~n BGmAvBG‡Z eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q| D`vnvib¯iƒc, bxPz †gNbvq
Lbb Ges Lvox ev †gvnbv gvP© Ges GwcÖj gv‡m Bwjk gv‡Qi myiÿvi Rb¨ Zv cwinvi ev ev` †`qv †h‡Z cv‡i| wVKv`vi‡K
cjj Rgv Kgv‡Z Kivi Lbb c×wZ, †ebw_K wbevm aŸsm Kgv‡Z Kvh©µg mwVKfv‡e Pvjv‡Z n‡e| Lbb Kv‡Ri Kvi‡Y RgvK…Z
cwj gvwUi Nbxf~Z Ae¯v 4000 GgwR Gi †ewk Kiv hv‡e bv (evsjv‡`‡k Ab¨vb¨ cÖK‡í †`njx ev Øviv g~j¨ AbymiY Kiv)|
cÖfve cÖwZ‡iva †K․k‡ji Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Ki‡Z Lbb Kvh©µ‡gi cwi`k©b I gwbUwis Kvh©µg Pvjv‡bv DwPZ Ges †hLv‡b
cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv cybivq mgšq Ki‡Z n‡e Ges cÖfve Kgv‡bvi AwZwi³ wbimb I Dckg Kvh©µg I e¨e¯v MÖnY Ki‡Z n‡e|
f~wgi Dci LbbK…Z e¯‧i vcb cÖfve t eywoM½vq LbbK…Z e¯‧ XvKvq wkí KviLvbv †_‡K HwZnvwmK `~l‡Yi Kvi‡Y ~wlZ
nIqvi Avkv Kiv n‡qwQj| wKš‧ LbbK…Z e ‧I ivmvqwbK ¸Y cwi®‥vi †`Lv hvq hLb †m‡U¤^i 2015Bs Zvwi‡L Zv cixÿv Kiv
nq| wb¤œcÖevn †g․my‡g (Rvbyqvwi-‡deªæqvwi 2016) Zv cyb cixÿvi gva¨‡g Avevi wbwðZ Kiv n‡e Ges ~lY Av‡Q wKbv Zv
†`Lv n‡e Zvici ~wlZ cjj Acmvi‡bi bKkv e›`x Acmvib myweav Ges mvBU wbe©vP‡bi Rb¨ AviI M‡elYv I mgxÿv
Pvjv‡bv n‡e| f~wgi Dci DcKvix e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Ab¨vb¨ mKj e ‧ e¨envi Kiv n‡e †hLv‡bB `iKvi nq Ges e¯‧mg~n †hLv‡b
Dc‡hvMx nq| Lbb v‡bi Kv‡Q wKQz MÖv‡g †hLv‡b Gme e ‧ †ivW NvU ¯‥zj gv ªvmv C`Mv (bvgv‡Ri ¯vb) †mLv‡b Gme e ‧ †`qv
n‡e| bve¨Zv iæU Lbb Kiv †_‡K LbbK…Z e¯‧ w`‡q M‡o 2.5 Ggmn eQ‡i cÖvq 20 †n: Rwg fivU Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| Uvwg©bvj
wbg©vY mvBU †_‡K LbbK…Z e ‧ mvgMÖx Dc‡iv³ d¬¨vW †j‡fj wbg©vY mvBU DVv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv n‡e| kk¥vbNvU I cvbMvu
Uvwg©bv‡ji Rb¨ eywoM½v b`x‡Z Lbb Kvh©µg Pvjv‡bv n‡e hv m‡e©v”P cÖevn †g․my‡g Kiv n‡e hw` Kg cÖevn †g․my‡g cj‡ji
35
`~lY †`Lv hvq| cjj †evSvB miv‡Z Ges cjj e ‧ Qov‡bvi Kvi‡Y gvwUi Dci e ‧i vcb †_‡K m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve ~wlZ nq, Z‡e
fivU ïiæ Kivi Av‡M †m¸‡jvi Dckg Kiv, Dc‡hvMx e ‧ A¯vqx euva wbg©v‡Yi Øviv Avjv`v Avjv`v K‡i fvM K‡i †`qv n‡e|
wPKb Kv`vgvwU wgwkÖZ evwj mgš‡q cvw¤ús Gi gva¨‡g †m¸‡jv‡K ¯vcb Kiv n‡e Ges euv` GjvKvq cvwb †`qv n‡e G‡Z
AwZwi³ cvBc jvB‡bi e¨e v Kiv n‡e| K…wÎg I ¯vfvweK cvwbc‡_i b ©gv e¨e v wbqwš¿Z c×wZ cvBcjvBb Kiv n‡e hv‡Z
d¬¨vW‡cøBb ÿwZMÖ¯Í bv nq| GjvKv fiv‡Ui Rb¨ ¯vqx I A vqxfv‡e ‡Kvb K…wl Rwg e¨envi Kiv n‡e bv| hw` A vqx nq Z‡e
miKvix Lvm Rwg e¨envi Kiv n‡e Ab¨_vq mivmwi evwj µqKvix‡`i Kv‡Q wewµ Kiv n‡e|
b`x I †gvnbv ev Lvox‡Z LbbK…Z ¯vcb cÖfve : b`x‡Z myweav e¨env‡ii Rb¨ Lbb e¯‧ e¨envi Kiv n‡e †hgb-b`xi †gvnbv ev
Lvox‡Z cwi®‥vi GjvKv fivU, cvwb e›Ub, ‡ùvim wbg©vY| †gNbv †gvnbvq ywU ¯vb, GKwU nvwUqv Øx‡ci DËi b`xZxi Ges
Ab¨wU †fvjv Øx‡ci c~ev©s‡ki b`xi Zxi LbbK…Z gvwU ivLvi vb wn‡m‡e wPwnèZ Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gme LbbK…Z e ‧i A „k¨ M‡elv
I mgxÿv Ki‡Z cjj we Íib bgybv Pvjv‡bv n‡e Ges †`Lv hvq †h, LbbK…Z e ‧ Rxe‡`‡ni MVbZË¡ cwieZ©‡bi KviY QvovB
D”P I wb¤œ †Rvqvi fvUvi gva¨‡g ¯^vfvweKfv‡e ew›UZ n‡e| Lbb LiP Kgv‡Z Ges f~wgi Dci †h †Kvb Rwg AwaMÖn‡Yi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRb Kgv‡Z b`x‡Z LbbK…Z e¯‧ cÖ vb I vcb Kiv n‡e| ZvQvov ÿqcÖvß ev ÿq n‡Z _vKv b`xi Zx‡i Gme e ‧ ¯vcb
Kiv n‡e| wWIB mn civgk©mn mycvwik Kiv nq †h, LbbK…Z e ‧ vcb Zzjbvg~jK weKí ¯v‡b ¯vcb Kiv fvj n‡e| LbbK…Z
e¯‧i RjR ¯vcb cvwbi †Nvjv AvKvi avib Ki‡e d‡j Rxe‡`‡ni ÿwZ Ki‡e hviv ¯^”Q I nvjKv cvwbi grm¨ I cÖvYx| Gme
D”P Nbxf~Z Aveib gv‡Qi dzjKvq R‡g _vK‡e d‡j Gme grm¨ ÿwZMÖ Í n‡e Ges esk we Ívi I wWg cvovi †ÿ‡Î evavMÖ¯Í I
mgm¨vi m„wó Ki‡e| Kv‡RB G ai‡bi vcb ev` w`‡Z n‡e| Ab¨_vq Gme cÖRvwZ, evwYwR¨K grm¨ wecbœ n‡e| G ai‡bi cvwb
¯vcb cvBc jvB‡bi gva¨‡g Dj¤^fv‡e GK wgUvi wb‡P cvwbi Kjvg A_ev wVK b`xi Zjvi Dcwi As‡k Qv‡o †`qvi gva¨‡g G
cÖfve Kgv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i| G ai‡bi LbbK…Z e¯‧ vc‡bi gva¨‡g wKQz gv‡Q wbevm I AvkÖq e¨e¯v Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i|
RjR wbev‡m b`x‡Z RjcÖev‡ni wbg©vY Kvh©µ‡gi cÖfve : Zxi myiÿv Kvh© Ges NvU wn‡m‡e Uvwg©bv‡ji Rb¨ b`x‡Z wbg©vY Kvh©
b`x‡Z cjj m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i Ges RjR wbevm I Avevm ‡ji ÿwZ n‡Z cv‡i| RjcÖev‡n wbg©vY Kvh©µg Øviv m„ó kã I
K¤úb grm¨ gvB‡MÖkb I Wjwdb gv‡Qi Rb¨ mgm¨v m„wó Ki‡Z cv‡i| RjcÖev‡ni wbg©vY Kvh©µg nvjKv K‡i ïiæ Kiv DwPZ
G‡Z Wjwdb‡K GjvKv Qvovi Rb¨ cvBwjs / Lbb Kv‡h©i Kg GbvRx©‡Z ïiæ Kiv, Av‡ Í Av‡ Í kã Íi evov‡bv hv‡Z cvBwjs/
Lbb ïiæ nIqvi Av‡M Wjwdb I Ab¨vb¨ Rxe vb Z¨vM K‡i| Wjwdb I Ab¨vb RjR cÖvbx‡`i Zvov‡bvi Rb¨ DRvb I
fvwU‡Z bvov †`qv|
wbg©vY Kvh© †_‡K evqy `~lY Ges MÖxbnvRD M¨vm wbMg©b : Lbb hš¿ Ges ms‡hvwRZ RvnvR, wbg©vY miÄvg Ges Kg©KvÛ †_‡K
wbMg©b cwi‡e‡ki gvb I ¸Y ÿwZMÖ Í I Lvivc Ki‡Z cv‡i hv NbemwZ GjvKv I Rbeûj gv‡K©‡U Rb¯v‡ ¨i Rb¨ ûgwK¯iƒc
Ges m„ó a~jv dmj I cÖvYx m¤ú‡`i ÿwZ Ki‡Z cv‡i| a~jv m„wó Kiv wbwl× hZ`~i m¤¢e cvwb wQUv w`‡Z n‡e| ‡hgb mwVK,
we‡klZ †hLv‡b c„w_ex ¸‡i Lbb Pjv‡bv nq| wbg©vb †_‡K wbM©gb Ges Avks¼vi ‡ÿ‡Î wek¦ e¨vsK Gi BGBP Gm wb‡ ©kbv
Ges ch©v‡eÿb n‡e|
wbg©vb †_‡K m„ó kã `~lbt hvbevnb, †gwkbvix, KbwµU wg·vi †gwkb Ges Ab¨vb¨ wbg©vb Kg©Kv‡Ûi d‡j Drcvw`Z kã cÖ‡hvR¨
MZ gvb m¤§Z mxgvi g‡a¨ ivLv| ms‡e`bkxj mvBU †hgb ¯‥zj mg~n, ag©xq vb Ges gv‡K©U kã wbqš¿b cÖ`‡ÿc mg~n wbqš¿b
Kiv n‡e Ges kã ¯Íi ch©v‡eÿb n‡e|
cvwb ~lbt Uviwgbvj Ges j¨v‡Ûs, Zxi iÿv Kv‡R Ges wfZiMZ wbg©vb KvR (Lbb msµvšÍ cÖfve mg~n Ajv`v wefv‡M AwZµg
K‡i) hvnvi IB v‡bi cvwbi †NvjvZ¡ †e‡o †h‡Z cv‡i, wKš‧y GB e„w× A`„k¨ fv‡e cy‡iv cvwbi ¸bMZ gv‡bi Ges RjR a‡g©i
Dci cÖ_wgK fv‡e cÖfve c‡o Ges Bnv ÿb vqx Ges vbxq cÖK…wZi nq| b‡Pr,cÖwZ Uviwgbvj Ges †jwÛs Gi Rb¨ mvBU-
mywbw`©ó nv‡i BGmAvBG ewY©Z Abymv‡i Bnv gyj¨vwqZ nB‡e cÖKí ev¯Íevqb Ges cÖkg‡bi mgq GB mKj myweav mg~n cy‡ivcwi
cvIqvi Rb¨ mywbw`©ó Z‡e hw` cÖ‡qvRb nq wVKv`v‡ii BGgwcGm G mwbw`©ó n‡Z n‡e| wbg©vb Zvey, Awdm Ges ¸`v‡g cÖh©vß
cwigvb cwZZ cvwb _vKv| f~wg Ges cvwb ~l‡bi Ab¨vb¨ m¤¢ve¨ Kvib mg~n n‡”Q IqvK©mc Ges †avqvi RvqMv †_‡K •`e µ‡g
R¡vjvbx, †Zj Ges Ab¨vb¨ ivmvqwbK Ges eR© cÖevwnZ n‡q cwZZ nqv| GB mKj b`x‡Z Qvovi c~‡e© gvb m¤§Z Dcvq †g‡b
Pj‡Z n‡e|
36
gvwU Ges cvwb ~lbt e›`i, RvnvR AvkÖq¯j Ges wfov‡bvi RvqMv wbg©vb GjvKvi gvwU Ges wbKUeZx© K…wlf~wg wbgv©b
Kg©Kv‡Ûi Kvi‡b ~lb cÖeb n‡Z cv‡i| yM©Vbvi Kvi‡b wbM©Z R¡vjvbx Ges wec`¾bK c`v_© mg~n n‡”Q gvwU Ges cvwb ~l‡bi
m¤¢vebvgq Drm| R¡jvbx wewfbœ yM©Vbvi Kvi‡b wj‡KR Ges Qvwo‡q c‡o †hgb (msNl©, MÖvDwÛs , AwMœ), hš¿cvwZi AKvh©KvixZv
(†hgb. cvBcjvBb, Rj †mPb bj, Ges †d¬b‡RR), A_ev A-mwVK R¡vjvbx e¨e vcbv| wVKv`vi GB mwVK ~lb e¨e vcbv
Ges Qvov‡bv wbqš¿b ev cÖwZ‡iva Ges ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ `vwqZ¡kxj _vK‡eb| IqK©kc, Zvey Ges Awdm †_‡K cÖevwnZ evwni
nIqv cvwbi weï× Kivi e¨e vg~jK cyKzi †U¼ myweav bKkv Abyhvqx ¯vcb Ki‡Z n‡e|
Pi GjvKvi ewm›`v‡`i Dci cÖfvet f~wgi Dci wbg©vb Ges b`x‡Z Lbb Kg©KvÛ Ges RjgMœ GjvKvq LbbK…Z e ‧y ivLv „k¨Z
†`Lv hvq Pi ev K ©gv³ GjvKvi kx‡Zi cvwL‡`i Rb¨ ÿwZKi cÖfve c‡o bv| GB †ÿ‡Î wVKv`v‡ii cÖ‡qvRb hš¿cvwZi Rb¨
‡gvoK ev Ae× KviK e¨envi Kiv| cvwL‡`i Dci Av‡jvK ~lb Kgv‡bvi Rb¨ wVKv`vi Kg I‡q‡U‡Ri d¬¨vU ‡jÝ wd·vi
e¨envi Ki‡e hvnv D¾jZv Kgv‡e Ges d¬vWjvBU e¨envi Kgv‡e| Gi mv‡_ GKwU ev‡q WvBfviwmwU e¨e¯vcbv cwiKíbv M‡o
D‡VwQj BGmAvBG Gi As‡k Ges hvnv wba©vwiZ Pi mg~‡n cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡e|
mvBU mg~‡ni cwi¯‥vi Kib Ges c~‡e©i Ae vq wb‡q Avbvt wbg©vb KvR m¤úbœ nIqvi ci, wVKv`vi cÖ‡qvRbxq mKj wbg©vb
c`v_©, bó Ges eR© mg~n mwi‡q †dj‡e| mvB‡Ui Zvey m¤ú~b© fv‡e cwi®‥vi K‡i hZUv m¤¢e g~j c~‡e©i Ae vq wb‡q Avb‡eb|
†Kvb cÖKvi eR© Lvj ev cyKz‡i wb‡ÿc Kiv hv‡e bv|
8.5. Lbb I wbg©vY Kvh©µg †_‡K mvgv‡Ri Dci cÖfvet
f~wg AwaMÖnb Ges cybt wb®úwË cÖKíwU cÖK‡íi Rb¨ cÖwZK~j f~wg AwaMÖnb Ges cybt wb®úwË Gov‡Z, Kgv‡Z Ges wbimb
Ki‡Z wek¦ e¨vsK Kvh©µg bxwZ (Icv‡ikbvj cwjwm) Ges wRI we cwjwm Abymib Ki‡e hvnv mgv‡Ri g‡a¨ cÖfve we Ívi K‡i|
f~wg AwaMÖnb Ges cybt wba©vib cÖ‡qvRb n‡Z cv‡i cÖ¯ÍvweZ Uviwgbvj, j¨v‡Ûs †ókb Ges Rvnv‡Ri AkÖq ¯j wbg©v‡bi Rb¨|
Uviwgbvj mvB‡Ui mKj Kg©KvÛ weAvBWweøD Gi Rwg‡Z n‡e wKš‧ cybt wba©vib welqwU cÖ‡qvRbxq| Rvnv‡Ri AkÖq ¯j wbg©v‡bi
Rb¨ 2.1 †n. f~wg AwaMÖnb cÖ‡qvRb| nviv‡bv Rwg Ges vcbv cybt¯vcb LiP PjwZ evRvi `i wn‡m‡e †`Iqv nB‡e| cybt
wb®úwËi welqwU ¯vcbv, MvQ-cvjv, e¨emv , gRywi, dmj, gvQ BZ¨vw`i Dci wfwË K‡i †`Iqv nB‡e| AvµvšÍ M„n Í mg~n
we‡kl mnvqZv cv‡i| AviwcGd †Z ewY©Z wb¤œwjwLZ w`Kwb‡`k©bvi Rb¨ c~be©vmb Kg©cwiKíbv (AviGwc) cÖ¯‧Z I cÖYqb Kiv
n‡e|
RxweKv Dr‡mi Dci cÖfve t Uvwg©bvj I j¨vwÛs †÷kb wbg©vY LjKvix RxweKv e¨emvi gvwjK‡`i Dci †bwZevPK cÖfve
‡dj‡e| f~wg AwaMÖn‡Yi Kvi‡Y wKQz K…wl RwgI ÿwZMÖ Í n‡e| RxweKv I cybtcÖwZôv ev cybiæ×vi Kg©m~Pxmn `ÿZv Dbœq‡b
AviGwc‡Z cÖ Íve Kivi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| hv‡nvK, cÖ¯ÍvweZ myweavmg~‡ni wbg©vY, we‡kl K‡i j¨vwÛs †ókb MÖvgxb e¨emvqx
Rb‡Mvôxi RxweKv wekvjfv‡e DbœZ Ki‡e †hfv‡e nvRvi nvRvi †`vKvb cvU †dwiNvU Ges j¨vwÛs †÷k‡bi Pvwiw`‡K Aew¯Z|
agx©q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯vb mg~‡ni Dci cÖfve t hw`I cÖKí GjvKvq †Kvb wPwnèZ wcwmAvi Ae wZ bvB hv cÖ¯ÍvweZ Kv‡Ri gva¨‡g
mivmwi I cÖZ¨ÿfv‡e cÖfvweK I ÿwZMÖ¯Í A_ev vbP~¨Z nIqvi m¤¢ebv _v‡K| kk¥vbNvU I cvbMuvI e›`i Dbœqb gymjgvb‡`i
Kei¯v‡b cÖ‡ekvwaKvi‡K cÖfvweZ I ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡e Ges cvkvcvwk wn›`y QvB wbM©Z c‡q›U‡K ÿwZMÖ¯Í I cÖfvweZ Ki‡e| Gme
†jv‡Kk‡b weKí cÖ‡ek e¨e v †`qvi cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| ZvQvov my‡hvM AbymÜvb cÖwµqv mKj Kv‡Ri Pzw³i Rb¨ BGgwc‡Z
AšÍf~©³ Ki‡Z n‡e|
Rb‡Mvôx myweavi Dci cÖfve t Rb‡Mvôxi Dci cÖK‡íi m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve cyb¯vcb I Ae vb, evqy gv‡bi Lvivc Ae v, kã Ges
wbivcËv SuywK AšÍf~©³ Ki‡Z cv‡i| wbg©vY Kvh©µg we`¨gvb cvewjK Ges cÖvB‡fU AeKvVv‡gv ‡hgb- vbxq moK, cv‡q nvUvi
iv Ív ev c_ Ges Rvnv‡Ri gvj bvgv‡bvi vb ev †RwU ‡aŸsm Ki‡Z cv‡i| kã, evqyi gvb, Ges wbivcËv SuywKi Rb¨
wVKv`viMb‡K wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, ms‡e`bkxj †i‡mÞi‡`i ïb¨¯v‡b Kvh©µg †hgb-¯‥zj mg‡qi ci wbg©vY Kvh©µg
cwiPvjbv Kiv, Gme SuywK Kgv‡Z ¯‥zj GKwU cšvq Pvjv‡bv| wbivcËv SuywK Kgv‡Z Gme v‡b cÖKí mvBU †eov w`‡q †NvivI
w`‡Z n‡e| wbivcËv mZ©KZv w`‡Z n‡e Ges SuywK Kgv‡Z Rb‡Mvôx Ges myweavi e¨e vcbvmn mgš^q iÿv Ki‡Z n‡e|
cwi‡k‡l, bvwjk cÖwZKvi Kjv‡K․k‡ji gva¨‡g ms‡e`bkxj †i‡mÞi‡`i Dci cÖK‡íi cÖfve wel‡q †h †Kvb Awf‡hvM m‡¤vab
K‡i cÎ †jLv hv‡e|
37
‡ckvMZ ¯v ¨ I wbivcËv t SuywKc~b© c`v_© e¨envi, D‡Ëvjb, fvix hš¿cvwZ Pvjv‡bv, hš¿cvwZ cwiPvjbv Ges •e y¨wZK miÄvg,
cvwbi Kv‡Q KvR Kiv A_ev D”PZvq Ges Abychy³ bvovPvov cwiPvjbv A_ev yN©Ubvg~jK Dc‡P cov A_ev Gme c`v‡_©i
wj‡KR ev wP‡ ªi Kvi‡Y mvB‡U Kgx© Ges vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi cÖwZ wbg©vY Kvh©µg ¯v¯¨ I wbivcËvi SuywK n‡Z cv‡i| wek¦ e¨vsK
BGBP Gm w`Kwb‡ ©kbv Ges BwmIwc cÖwZcvj‡b wVKv`vi ¯v ¨, wbivcËv Ges cwi‡ek (GBPGmB) cwiKíbv cÖ¯‧Z Ki‡eb|
Rb‡Mvôx ¯v ¨ I wbivcËv : wbg©vY av‡ci mgq, wbg©v‡Yi GjvKvi KvQvKvwQ RbmsL¨v, Kgx©evwnbx Ges Avq my‡hvM AbymÜv‡b
GjvKvq _vKv e¨w³‡`i A vqx SuywK n‡Z cv‡i †hgb-wbg©vY Kvh©µg m¤ú„³ wbivcËv SuywK, hvbevnb PjvPj SuywK, a~jv, kã,
`~lY, Rxevby Øviv msµvgb ‡ivM Ges wewfbœ SuywK, wb‡qvM I Avq m¤ú‡K© cÖKí cÖfvweZ GjvKvq evB‡ii m¤¢ve we‡iva| mgvMg,
AvšÍ:cÖevn, GKUv eo Kg©evwnbxi evm vb Ges vbxq RbmsL¨vi ¯v¯¨ I wbivcËvi Rb¨ SuywK evov‡Z cv‡i| cvkvcvwk †h․b
m½g msµvgK †ivM †hgb-GBPAvBwf/ GBWm Qov‡Z cv‡i| yN©Ubvi SuywK Ges yNU©bv I ÿwZi weiæ‡× cvk¦eZx© Rb‡Mvôxi
myiÿv w`‡Z `wj‡ji Lmov Ges c`‡ÿcmg~n wVKv`vi GBPGmB cøvb AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e| ZvQvov GBPGmB cøvb Abymib Ki‡Z
Riæix Reve cÖwµqv‡K AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e hw` †Kvb yN©Ubv N‡U _v‡K|
8.6 Kvh©µg I iÿYv‡eÿ‡Yi mgq AvBWweøDwU I b`x Uvwg©bv‡ji cÖfve:
AvBWweøDwU Pjgvb iæU e¨envi mswkøó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖfvemg~n Ges Kvh©µg I b`x Uvwg©bv‡ji iÿYv‡eÿY ch©‡q cÖfve †iLvwPÎ
wb‡¤œ †`qv nj| b`x Uvwg©bv‡ji Rb¨ Gme cÖfvemg~n we ÍvwiZfv‡e wba©vib I g~j¨vqb Kiv n‡e Ges c~Y©v½fv‡e e¨e vcbv
c`‡ÿcmg~n Ges c~Y© BGmAvBG Ask cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi mgq Dc-cÖKímg~‡ni Rb¨ cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e, Gme myweavi Rb¨
we¯ÍvwiZ bKkv ch©v‡q mgvšÍiv‡j Kiv n‡e| AvBWweøDwU iæ‡Ui Pjgvb e¨envi m¤ú‡K© we‡eP¨ welq I cÖfv‡ei Dchy³
e¨e vcbv‡K mg_©b †`qv, wewfbœ K¨vcvwmwU wbg©vY c`‡ÿc Ges AwZwi³ M‡elYv mgxÿv Ges cixÿv c`‡ÿcmg~n cÖK‡íi ga¨
w`‡q Pvjv‡bv n‡e|
DbœZ Af¨šÍixb †b․ cwienb: RvZxq gv‡K©‡U cÖ‡ek Ges DbœZ AvBWweøDwU ms‡hvM vc‡bi Kvi‡Y cÖKí GjvKv eivei vbxq
Rb‡Mvôxi e¨vcK A_©‣bwZK Dbœqb NU‡e G cÖK‡íi gva¨‡g| evsjv‡`k, BwÛqv Ges f~Uv‡bi g‡a¨‡g G cÖK‡íi gva¨‡g
wØcvwÿK evwY‡R¨i e¨vcK A_©‣bwZK Dbœqb NU‡e|
evqy `~lY : I GÛ Gg mg‡q evqy ~l‡Yi Drm n‡”Q RvnvR †_‡K cÖR¡jb wbM©gb| mxwgZ RvnvR PjvP‡ji Kvi‡Y j¨vwÛs †÷kb
A_ev b`x‡Z Gme cÖR¡jb ev `vn¨ Zvrch©c~Y© bq| Gme wbMg©b g~jZ mvjdi WvBA·v&W, bvB‡Uªv‡Rb A·vBW, we‡kl e ‧ Ges
MÖxb nvDR M¨vm mgš‡q MwVZ n‡e †hgb-Kve©b WvBA·vBW Ges Kve©b g‡bv·vBW| hv‡nvK AvBWweøDwU †_‡K †bU wRGBPwR
wbM©gb bgybv¯^iƒc I •ewkó¨g~jK AvBWweøDwU Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ nvDjWK…Z cÖwZ Ub-wKwg R¡vjvbx ÿgZvi Kvi‡Y jwfwËK
cwien‡bi mggvb c×wZi Zzjbvq †bwZevPK n‡e, hv UvBwcK¨vj UªvK Ges Ab¨vb¨ cwien‡bi †P‡q Kg| Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bv‡ji j
wfwËK Kvh©µg hvbevnb I miÄvg †_‡K wbM©gb m„wó Ki‡e| R¡vjvbx gRyZ myweav Ges n ÍvšÍi DØvqx •RweK †h․M cÖ`vb Ki‡Z
cv‡i| cwi®‥vi R¡vjvbx e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g Gme Kgv‡bv †h‡Z cv‡i Ges RvnvR I miÄvg Drcv`bKvixi gvb`Ûg‡Z BwÄb
iÿYv‡eÿY Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i| ZvQvov M‡elYv RvnvR eni meyRvq‡b (BDGm Wjvi 2 wgwjqb g~j¨) cixÿvg~jK Kg©m~Px
ev Íevqb Ges †K․kj Dbœqb Ki‡Z cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi mgq mycvwik Kiv nq (M‡elYv, AvDUwiP Ges cwi®‥vi cÖhyw³ Aej¤^b
Kiv Ges Dbœq‡b b‡mbwUf Kg©m~Pxmn) †hgb-Rvnv‡Ri BwÄb Ges PvjbPµ (‡cÖvwcjvi) bKkv, R¡vjvbxi gvb I ¸Y, e›`I
Kvh©µg Abykxjb I e¨envi, Kv‡M©v Pvjv‡bvi miÄvg BZ¨vw`)
cvwb ~lY : Kvh©µg av‡ci mgq cvwbi Drm Ges cj‡ji ~lY n‡”Q Uvwg©bvj Kvh©µg, So cvwb hvIqv, eR©¨ wbM©Z I wWmPvR©,
moK †_‡K ivbAd †_‡K Ae¨e vcbv eR©¨ cvwb †Q‡o †`qv hv ~wlZ gvwU enb K‡i Ges Szj I f~lv enb K‡i; wkí mvBU
†_‡K gqjv AveR©bv (S‡oi cvwbi gqjv); Dc‡P cov, RvnvR †_‡K R‡j AveR©bv, Dc‡P cov, wQ ª dzUv Ges yN©Ubv `~l‡Yi
m¤¢ve Drm, RvnvR †_‡K mivmwi D™¢zZ, R¡vjvbx †Zj Ges ‣Zjv³, A_ev Kv‡M©v †_‡K GKB Ae v, RvnvR †_‡K eR©¨ cvwb‡Z
†djv hv Avjv`v aviv Aax‡b Kvfvi K‡i| I GÛ & †g Kvh©µg Øviv m„ó cÖevngvb eR©¨ mswkøó m¤¢ve¨ welq¸‡jv‡K m‡¤vab Kiv,
weAvBWweøDwU KZ…©K GBPGmB cøvb cÖ ‧Z I ev Íevqb eR©¨ cÖev‡ni Rb¨ Acmvib Kjv‡K․kj AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e|
38
RvnvR †_‡K eR©¨ m„wó : g~jZ RvnvR †_‡K m„ó eR©¨ wbw®…q e¯‧mg~n‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡I †hgb- Lv`¨ c¨v‡KwRs Ges Lv`¨ eR©¨|
KwVb eR©¨ RvnvR †_‡K msMÖn Kiv n‡”Q Ges Uvwg©bv‡ji cv‡k Aew¯Z wgDwbwmcvj Wvó we‡b Rgv Kiv n‡”Q| RvnvR mswkøó
Zij cÖevn n‡”Q cq:bvjx, gqjv cvwb (‡Zj U¨v¼vi †_‡K) Ges RvnvR †_‡K RvnvR cwi®‥vi Kivi eR©¨ cvwb| Rvnv‡Ri
AveR©bv gqjv Ges eR©¨ cvwb weIwW D”P gvÎv aviY K‡I Ges Kwjdig Rxevby G‡Z _v‡K, Dcv`vbg~jK ‡Uªm Nbxf~Z Ae v
†hgb-dvg©vwmDwUK¨vjm Ges cÖKvi I aibMZfv‡e wb¤œ wcGBP †j‡fj| e‡q hvIqv cvwb †Z‡ji Drm„óvsk enb Ki‡Z cv‡i|
wejR cvwb‡Z `~lYKvix D”P gvÎvq weIwW, wmIwW, MwjZ KwVb c`v_©, †Zj Ges Ab¨vb¨ ivmvqwbK c`v_© aviY Ki‡Z cv‡i, hv
iæwUb Kg©Kv‡Ûi Kvi‡Y Rgv nq| eZ©gv‡b RvnvR †_‡K Zij eR©¨ msMÖ‡ni Rb¨ Uvwg©bv‡j †Kvb myweav bvB| b`x‡Z Gme eR©¨
c`v_© RvnvR †_‡K Acmvib Kiv n‡”Q| Uvwg©bvj Gi we¯ÍvwiZ bKkvi mgq, Rvnv‡Ri m„ó eR©¨ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ Uvwg©bv‡j ch©vß
myweav †`qv n‡e|G MÖnY myweav vqx Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i, fvmv‡bv A_ev †gvevBj Ges Rvnv‡Ri m„ó eR©¨ Ges Kv‡M©vi wewfbœ
ai‡bi Drm„óvsk msMÖn Ki‡Z Aej¤^b Kiv DwPZ| eR©¨ ch©vßfv‡e Acmvib e¨e v Kiv DwPZZ, e‡R©¨i cÖKvi wfwˇZ ¯vbxq
†c․i KZ©„c‡ÿi gva¨‡g mn‡hvwMZv †`qv DwPZ|
‡ckvMZ ¯^v ¨ I wbivcËv : IGBPGmmn m¤ú„³ m¤¢ve¨ we‡eP¨ welqmg~n n‡”Q †f․wZK SuywK ivmvqwbK SuywK, a~jv Ges kã|
e›`‡i †f․wZK SuywKi cÖavb Drmmg~n n‡”Q Kv‡M©v Pvjv‡bvi mv‡_ m¤ú„³ I mshy³ Ges m¤ú„³ hš¿cvwZ Ges hvbevn‡bi e¨envi
mv‡_ RwoZ| e›`i Kgx©iv ivmvqwbK SuywK‡Z _vK‡Z cv‡I hw` R¡vjvbx A_ev ivmvqwbK A_ev evé cÖK…wZi Dci wbf©ikxj K‡i
I e›`i Kvh©µ‡g n ÍvšÍwiZ c¨v‡KRK…Z cb¨ A_ev R¡vjvbxi ms¯ú‡k© mivmwi Kvh©µg RwoZ _v‡K| ¯^vfvweK e¨envi A_ev
Dc‡P covi mgq Z¡K ms¯ú‡k© A_ev k¦vm MÖn‡Yi gva¨‡g mn‡R A½ A_ev Bw› ª‡qi SuywK n‡Z cv‡i| R¡vjvbx, cÖR¡jb‡hvM¨ ev
`vn¨‡hvM¨ Zij Kv‡M©v Ges cÖR¡jb‡hvM¨ a~jv Av¸b I we‡õvi‡bi SuywK n‡Z cv‡i| a~jv SuywKi Drm Kv‡M©v cwiPvjbv I
bvovPvovi mgq wKQz SuywK n‡Z cv‡i (Kv‡M©v cwiPvjbv I bvovPvovi ai‡bi Dci wbf©ikxj (‡hgb-wm‡g›U, km¨ Ges Kqjv),
hvbevnb UªvwdK ev cwienb Ges †jvwWs / Avb‡jvwWs Kb‡Ubvim Ges KvRvnmn e›`‡i k‡ãi Drm n‡Z cv‡i| I GÛ Gg
av‡ci mgq weAvBWweøDwUG‡K GBPGmB cÖwµqv ev Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Dnvi wbR¯^ Riæix Ae vi mvov cwiKíbv ev Íevqb
Ki‡Z n‡e|
Rb‡Mvôxi ¯v ¨ I wbivcËv : Rb‡Mvôxi ¯v ¨ I wbivcËv : Kv‡M©v Uvwg©bv‡ji Kvh©µ‡gi mgq m¤¢ve¨ Rb‡Mvôxi ¯v ¨ I
wbivcËvi Bmy¨ I we‡eP¨ welqmg~n n‡”Q Uvwg©bv‡j Kv‡M©v bvovPvov cwiPvjbv mswkøó Kvh©µg Ges e›`‡i Av‡jvKm¾v †_‡K
`„k¨gvb cÖfve Ges e›`i mswkøó cwienb I UªvwdK Kvh©µg †_‡K `yN©Ubvi SuywK| Ab¨vb¨ „k¨gvb welqmg~n Kv‡Mv© Kvh©µg
†_‡K Awbqwš¿Z AveR©bv †dwjevi RvqMv, AveR©bv fvwm‡q †`qv, cwiZ¨³ ¸`vg nvDR Ges fv½v hš¿cvwZ| I GÛ Gg av‡ci
mgq weBWweøDwUG‡K GBPGmB cÖwµqv ev Íevqb Ki‡Z n‡e Ges Dnvi wbR¯ Riæix Ae vi mvov cwiKíbv ev Íevqb Ki‡Z
n‡e|
bve¨Zvi wbivcËv I yN©vUbvi SuywK t Rvnv‡Ri wbivcËv wb‡q wewa cwiPvjbv mvaviYZ cÖwZ‡ivag~jK, Rvnv‡Ri jvBd
mvB‡K‡ji ga¨ w`‡q m¤¢ve¨ SuywK Kgv‡bvi gva¨‡g Rvnv‡Ri wbivcËv gvb`Û DbœZ Ki‡Z cwiKíbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| hw`I †mLv‡bi
wKQz Kvh©KviY msµvšÍ NUbv evsjv‡`k Ges Ab¨vb¨ Mixe †`k mg~‡ni g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q Ges Dc-gvb`Û Kvh©µ‡gi gva¨‡g KviY I
djvdj nq| ªæZ jvf †diZ †c‡Z mKj Dc-gvb`‡Û RvnvR Kvh©µ‡gi GKwU eo welq| KLbI KLbI †jvwWs Gi ye©j|
`ye©j e¨e vcbv I AwZwi³ †jvwWs (we‡kl ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mgq ïµevi)- hv K¨vcmvBR I ÿwZi cÖavb KviY| miKvi Øviv †NvwlZ
ïé Abymv‡i g~j¨ wbqwš¿Z evRvi G cwiw¯Z wb®úwË Kiv †h‡Z cv‡I hv †b․-cwienb wbivcËvi †ÿ‡Î †bwZevPK cÖfve †d‡j
Ges †h․w³K jv‡fi †ÿ‡Î h‡_ó bq| †b․-cwien‡bi wbivcËvi Dci cÖfve bvweK‡`i w`Kwb‡ ©kbv I Z‡_¨i Afve I NvUwZ|
†iwWI‡Uwj‡dvwb e¨envi, we‡kl K‡i wfGBPGd mvaviY A_ev SzuwKc~©Y© GjvKv Pvjy I iÿYv‡eÿY Kiv DwPZ| mKj RvnvR
Kzqvkv nY© Ges kw³kvjx AbymÜvb jvBU vcb Kiv DwPZ| cÖKí DcKib 3 Aax‡b eûai‡bi c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv n‡e hv 1)
hvÎx‡`i Rb¨ UªvwdK gwbUwis wm‡÷g e¨e v Ges bve¨Zvg~jK wbivcËv DbœZ Ki‡Z b`x Z_¨ c×wZ I e¨e vi Dbœqb Ges
Kvh©Kix M‡elYv I AbymÜvb Ges iæ×vi cÖwZôvb I ms v Dbœqb Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq cybMVb Ges cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gv cÖ¯Íve
Ki‡Z GKwU mgxÿv Pvjy Kiv‡K AšÍf~©³ K‡i|
39
9. µgea©gvb Ges cÖewZ©Z cÖfv‡ei g~j¨vqb
9.1 D‡Ïk¨
XvKv-PÆMÖvg AvBWweøDwU Kwi‡Wvi eivei †kÖYx-1 iæU Ges mshy³ †kÖYx-2 Ges 33 iæU Gi DbœZ I iÿbv‡eÿY‡K miKvi
AMÖvwaKvi w`‡q‡Q| b`x Mf© cwiw wZ Ges GwMÖ‡M‡Wkb (cÖk¯ÍZv) , f~wg cyb¯vcb Ges Af¨šÍixb bve¨Zv wbqš¿b Ki‡Z e¨vcK
we¯Í…Z Lbb Kg©m~Px †UKmB‡hvM¨ b`x e¨e vcbvi Rb¨ mKj eo b`x¸‡jv‡Z cÖavb Lbb cÖKí wn‡m‡e wRIwe Gi BDGmWjvi
100 wgwjqb wewb‡qvM †cÖvMÖv‡gi Rb¨ cwiKíbv i‡q‡Q| cÖ¯ÍvweZ AvBWweøDwU Kwi‡Wvi eivei cÖewZ©Z Dbœqb Ges Kiv cÖewZ©Z
cÖfve wba©viY (wmAvBAvBG) n‡”Q cÖ ÍvweZ mgwšZ Kvh©KvwiZv g~j¨vqb Kiv| DbœZ bve¨Zv Dbœqb, RjR Rxe •ewPΨ, Bwjk I
Wjwdb wn‡m‡e cÖ¯ÍvweZ Dbœqb mswkøó AwaKvsk Zvrc~Y© g~j¨evb cwi‡e‡k Dcv`vb wPwnèZ Kiv nq|
9.2 cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí cÖm‡½ wmAvBAvBG
M‡elYv evDÛvix : cÖ¯ÍvweZ cÖKí cÖm‡½, wmAvBAvBG we‡kl evDÛvix hv XvKv-PÆMÖvg Gi g‡a¨ 300 wK.wg `xN© m¤ú~Y© cvwb
c_ wfwˇZ nq, b`xi AeevwnKv / K¨vR‡g›U DRvb I fvwUi b`x cÖevn, RjgMœ Ges b ©gv GjvKv Ges bgybv I Av`k©, we`¨gvb
m¤¢ve¨ cÖfve GjvKv Ges cwiKwíZ b`x e›`i, j¨vwÛs, Uvwg©bvj, RvnvR AvkÖq, ‡dwi cvivcvi Ges b`xc‡_v Zj‡`k †_‡K
Kv`vgvwU AveR©bv †dwjevi vb, cvwbc©_ eivei cwi‡ekMZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GjvKv, AveR©bv Acmvib mvB‡U ‡ivW hvIqv BZ¨vw`|
wRIwe Dbœqb cwiKíbv Abymv‡i, Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb i¨vebvev` cÖYvjx‡Z †ZzZwjqv b`x‡Z Z…Zxq mgyMÖ e›`i, eva wbg©vY
Ges eo b`xmg~‡ni Zxi eivei b`x cÖwkÿY Kg©, euv‡ai Dci †ivW †bUIqv‡K©i Dbœqb, ALÛ I Awe‡”Q` b`x e¨e vcbv
Kg©m~Px, A_©‣bwZK †Rvb Ges cÖ ÍvwZ Kwi‡Wv‡i grm cÖwµqv †Rvb, †gMv cvIqvi cøv›U Ges cÖwkÿY wkwei cieZx© 20 eQ‡i
fwel¨Z †gRi Dbœqb we‡ePbv Kiv nq ; Ges wmAvBAvBG mgxÿvi Rb¨ Gme cÖKímg~n we‡ePbv Kiv nq|
g~j¨evb cwi‡ekMZ DcKib (wfBwm) t AvBWweøDwU Dbœqb Kg©m~Px mswkøó GKvwaK cÖvmw½K g~j¨evb cwi‡ekMZ DcKib
(wfBwm) Gi Dci M‡elYv I mgxÿv D`nvib 1) RjR •Re ‣ewPÎ, 2) Wjwdb Ges 3) Bwjk|
9.3 RjR Rxe ‣ewPΨ
wfwˇiLvi Ae v I aviv t M½v eª²cyÎ I †gNbv b`xi c×wZ Ges Zv‡`i RjgMœ evsjv‡`‡k ‡d«k cvwb grm¨ Pvl Ges †Nvovi
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Drm| AvevwmK I wkí Dbœqb †_‡K ~lY Ges Rxe ‡`‡ni MVbZË¡ b`x‡Z cwieZ©‡bi Kvi‡Y Gme b`x¸‡jv‡Z grm¨
Drcv`b K‡g Avm‡Q|
µgvMZ cÖfvemg~n t cÖKí Aax‡b Lbb Kiv I cÖ ÍvweZ Af¨šÍixb f~wg wbg©vY Rwg, cÖKí b`x‡Z RjR Rxe ‣ewPΨ‡K
†bwZevPKfv‡e ÿwZMÖ¯Í I cÖfvweZ Ki‡e| ‡b․-c_ DbœZ Ki‡Z cÖavb Lbb cÖKí Ges Rwgi cybt `vex M½vmg~‡ni RjR Rxe
•ewP‡Î¨i Dci GKB cÖfve _vK‡e| Lbb Kvh© †ebw_Kn wbev‡mi mgm¨v Ki‡e Ges Zjv‡`‡ki gv‡Qi Lvev‡ii ÿwZMÖn Í
Ki‡e| LbbK…Z cjj cvwbi gvb I ¸Y Ges b`xi wbevm ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡e hv e„nr gvjevnx †b․-cwienb †_‡K wejR cvwb
Acmvib Ges †Zj Dc‡P cov †_‡K hv SuywK n‡Z cv‡i|
9.4 Wjwdb
wfwˇiLv I aviv t
we‡k¦i AwaKvsk ûgwKi m¤§yLxb Íb¨cvqx cÖRvwZ Ges Bwjk gv‡Qi cÖRvwZi g‡a¨ b`xi A‡bK Wjwdm cÖKí GjvKvq mgy`ª I
b`xi g‡a¨ mvaviYfv‡e Dckg K‡i Ges ¸iæZ¡c~Y© m¤ú`| †m¸‡jvi `wÿYvs‡k Gwkqvi e„nËg b`x e¨e¯v Zv‡`i wKQz wbevm
Ges we‡k¦i AwaKvsk Nb Rbeûj gvby‡li cwi‡e‡k Lv`¨ I cvwb wmwKDwiwU Bmy¨¸‡jv‡Z Zv‡`i cwi‡ekMZ kZ©mg~n wjsK
K‡i| bvUKxqfv‡e m¤úªwZ wKQz eQ‡i Ges Zv‡`i mxgv cwiwa A‡bKUv nvwi‡q †M‡Q| b`xi KvUvwmb A‡bKfv‡e ûgwK‡Z
i‡q‡Q| AwZwi³ grm¨ wkKvi Ges †µ÷vwmb Zv‡`i wkKvi cÖvc¨Zv n«vm Ki‡Q| ebR½j wba©b I cÖej Rjcøveb Pvlvev` b`x
P¨v‡bj¸‡jv‡Z cj‡ji cwigvY e„w× Ki‡Q Ges †KUvwmb wbe©v‡mi AatcZb NU‡Q| wk‡íi eR©¨ cÖevn, gvby‡li cqtwb®‥vkb,
40
Lwbi eR©¨ Ges g„Zz¨nvi, K…wl Kvh© †_‡K cvwb ~wlZ Ki‡Q| gv‡Qi Kvb‡Kv Rv‡j RwUj mgm¨vq Ave× n‡q Wjwdb gviv hv‡”Q|
Zv‡`i g„Zz¨invi evo‡Q Rvjv †djvi Kvi‡Y|
G cÖRvwZi Kwg‡q Avmvi cÖeYZv †`Lv hv‡”Q, †QvU †QvU Dcb`x †_‡K Wjwdb wba©b Kiv n‡”Q Ges ÿqc Övß I AebwZ
RbmsL¨v cÖvYx wn‡m‡e grm¨ wkKvi wMqv‡i gviv nq Ges mivmwi wkKv‡i gviv n‡”Q Ges cvwb Kgvi Rb¨ gvby‡li Øviv hLb
Zviv m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Amvi nq ZLb Zv‡`i‡K wkKvi Kiv nq| AwaKvsk RwUj ûgwKi m¤§yLx n‡Z nq b`xi Wjwdb‡`i Ges
`yNU©bvg~jKfv‡e Rv‡j AvUKv c‡o| mgm¨v Z`šÍ Ki‡Z c×wZMZ c`‡ÿc I cÖ‡Póv bv _vKvi Kvi‡Q grm¨ wkKvi RwUjZvq
co‡Z nq| wKQz †ÿ‡Î Lye Awb”Qv _vKv m‡Ë¡I G ai‡bi RwUjZvq co‡Z nq hvi Kvi‡Y Wjwdb gviv hvq| Ab¨ wKQz †ÿ‡Î
†R‡jiv ‡Z‡ji Rb¨ cïi g„Z iv‡L A_ev GUv wewµ K‡i g„Z †`n e¨envi K‡I A_ev gvQ‡`i AvKl©b Ki‡Z cvBj wdwms‡q
cPv Wjwd‡mi Ask iv‡L|
µgvMZ cÖfve t wkKvi cÖvwß Kgv‡bv †_‡K cÖ ÍvweZ Dbœqb †_‡K Wjwd‡mi Dci µgvMZ cÖfv‡ei djvdj I cwiYwZ n‡e|
b`xi Wjwdb Ges ïï‡Ki Dci RvnvR hv‡bi cÖwZwµqv m¤ú‡K© Lye Kg cwiwPZ| ‡dwi cvivcv‡i, evwYwR¨K e›`i Ges b`x‡Z
cÖv_wgK grm¨ wkKvi †ÿÎ mvaviYZ bvjv ev cÖYvjxi gy‡Li fvwU‡Z Aew¯Z A_ev miæ AvKveuvKv v‡b Aew¯Z| †hLv‡b b`xi
Wjwd‡bi wbevm I evm¯j| DPuy RvnvR hv‡bi mv‡_ Gme GjvKvq KLbI b`xi Wjwdb‡`i muvZvi KuvU‡Z jÿ¨ Kiv hvq| †mB
mv‡_ †QvU †QvU †b․Kv, gUi PvwjZ †dwi Ges wKQz v‡bi eo eo Kb‡Ubvi RvnvR Ges †Zj U¨v¼v‡ii „k¨gvb ÿwZ I aŸs‡mi
cÖwZwµqv _v‡K bv|
9.5 Bwjk
wfwˇiLv I fwel¨ cÖeYZv : Bwjk n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU d¬vMwkc Wvqv‡Wªvgvm cÖRvwZi gvm hv M½v-‡gNvbv b`x wm‡÷g iæ‡U
†KejgvÎ gvB‡MÖU K‡i| Bwjk Pvl n‡”Q evsjv‡`‡ki GKwU eo A_©Kix dmj Ges Bwjk gv‡Qi RvZxq wRwWwc nvi cÖvq 1%|
cÙv †gNbv Ges †ZZzwjqv b`x n‡”Q AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Avevm j| eo bvm©vix Ges Bwj‡ki eskwe Ív‡ii †ÿ‡Î GUv AZ¨šÍ
¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~wgKv cvjb K‡i Ges Ab¨vb¨ A‡bK evwYwR¨Kfv‡e b`xi gvQ wn‡m‡e G f~wgKv cvjb K‡i _v‡K| AZ:ci grm
wefvM (wWIGd) wb¤œ †gNbv Ges Dnvi mv‡_ RwoZ b`x¸‡jv‡K Bwjk gv‡Qi msiÿY GjvKv wn‡m‡e wPwnèZ Kiv nq| 11 w`‡bi
Rb¨ gvP© I GwcÖj gv‡m Bwjk gvQ aviv wbwl× Kiv n‡q‡Q hv evsjv Avwkb (A‡±vei / b‡f¤i) mgq c‡o| m¤úªwZ eQi
¸‡jv‡Z Bwjk aivi weiæ‡× D‡V c‡o †j‡M‡Q|
µgvMZ cÖfve : Uvwg©bvj Ges j¨vwÛs †÷k‡bi Dbœqb mn AvBWweøDwU †m±‡i m¤¢ve Dbœqb m¤¢ve¨fv‡e gqjv I cjj cvwb
†`qvi Kvi‡Y Bwjk gv‡Qi eskwe Ívi †ÿÎmg~ †K ÿwZMÖ¯Í Ki‡Z cv‡i|
9.6 Dckg c`‡ÿc
Dckg c`‡ÿc : e›`i Dbœq †_‡K cÖewZ©Z cwi‡ekMZ cÖfve Ges fwel¨Z Lbb Kvh©mn mswkø®úU µgvMZ cÖfvemg~n‡K
m‡¤^vab iv, we ÍvwiZ cwi‡ekMZ gwbUwis cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cwiPvjbv Kiv n‡e|wecbœ b`xi Wjwdb, Bwjk Ges Ab¨vb¨
RjR Rxe •ewP‡Îi Rb¨ msiÿY Kvh©µg Ges Avevm j cybiæ×vimn G cÖKí cwi‡ekMZ mg_©b e„w× Ki‡e|
41
10. cwi‡ek e¨e ’vcbvi cwiKíbv
10.1 mvaviY cÖkgb e¨e¯’vi wewfbœ †kÖYx :
BGgwc cÖkgb e¨e¯v I cwiKíbv Abymib †kÖYxmg~n :1) BGgGd 4bs mshyw³‡Z ewY©Z cwi‡ekMZ e¨envi wewa
AvKv‡i ‡R‡bwiK Ges bb mvBU-wbw`©ó c`‡ÿcmg~n 2) cÖK‡íi wbw ©ó Ges Aa¨vq 7 Av‡jvPbv mvBU wbw`©ó Dckg
e¨e¯v; 3) wbg©vY cwi‡ekMZ Kg©cwiKí (wmBGwc) cÖ‡qvRbxq mvB‡Ui wbw ©ó Ges Pzw³-wba©vwiZ e¨e¯vcbv wVKv`vi
Øviv cÖ¯‧Z Kivi cwiKíbv Ges (4) i¨vc Avq vGes RxexKv cybiæ×vi, wj½ Ges RbM‡bi ¯v¯¨|
Pzw³ WKz‡g‡›U BGgwc AšÍf~©w³ : BGgwc cÖfve m¤ú‡K© m¤ú~Y©fv‡e AeMZ n‡q wVKv`v‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ Ges cÖwZcvjb,
KvwiMwiK weeiY, `ic‡Îi `wjj wbwðZKi‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb Ges BAvBG I WweøDwewR BGBP
w`Kw‡ ©kbvmgq wVKv`v‡ii Dci cÖ‡hvR¨ Ges cÖkgb Kvh©e¨e¯vi cÖwZcvjb AšÍf~©³ _vK‡e| wVKv`vi cÖK‡íi
cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK Dcv`vb msµvšÍ Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ m¤ú‡K© wVKv`vi‡K Revew`wn Ki‡Z n‡e hv `icÎ Pzw³‡Z
D‡jøL Av‡Q|
wbg©vY cwi‡ekMZ Kg©cwiKíbv : wVKv`vi BwmIwc I BGgwc Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †g‡b Pj‡Z n‡e wKfv‡e †`Lv‡bv
n‡q‡Q Dnvi wewfbœ cwi‡ekMZ mgm¨v †gvKv‡ejvi mvBU wbw`©ó e¨e¯vcbv cwiKíbv cÖ¯‧Z Ki‡Z n‡e|wbg©vY KvR
e¯Íevq‡bi Av‡M cÖKí ev Íevqb BDwbU (wcAvBBD) Ges wbg©vY ZË¡veavqb Kbmvj‡U›U (wmGmwm) KZ…©K ch©v‡jvPbv
I Aby‡gv`b Kiv n‡e|
10.2 cÖvwZôvwbK e¨e¯’v
BGgwc ev¯Íevqb BDwbU (wcAvBBD) Aax‡b cÖ¯ÍvweZ mvsMVwbK KvVv‡gv wPwÎ 2 †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|
cÖKí ev Íevqb BDwbU (wcAvBBD) cÖhyw³MZ, Kg©ÿg I Avw_©K e¨e vcbvmn Ges BGgwc ev¯Íevqb †`Lvïbv, cÖKí ev Íevq‡b
mvwe©Kfv‡e `vqx _vK‡eb| wcAvBD cÖKí cwiPvjK wcwW †bZ…‡Z¡ Kiv Zv Kiv n‡e| wcAvBD cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK (BI Gm)
†hvM¨Zv m¤úbœ Kgx©‡`i mgš‡q †mj MwVZ n‡e| B GÛ Gm ‡mj cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK e¨e vcbv m¤úwK©Z wcAvBBD Gi
mnvqZv I wbg©vY mycviwfkb Kbmvj‡U›U (wmGmwm) I wVKv`vi ZË¡veavb I BGgwc m¤§wZ •ÎgvwmK ch©‡eÿY wi‡cvU© I
cÖwZ‡e`b cÖYqb I cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡e| cÖKí cwiPvjK Gi Kv‡Q cvVv‡bv n‡e Ges weke¨vs‡Ki †`qv n‡e, wbg©vY †kl mxgv ch©šÍ
B I Gm †mj wbg©vY Ges cÖKí I GÛ Gg ch©vqµ‡g Dfq mgq cwi‡ekMZ m¤§wZ wbixÿ‡Yi Rb¨ `vqx| weAvBWweøDwU
Kgx©‡`i cÖwgÿY cÖ vb Kiv n‡e| Dc‡iv³ weAvBWweøDwU G cÖwZôvb Ry‡o `xN©‡gqv`x aviYÿgZv, Rjevqy w wZ¯vcKZv I
Rjevqy cÖK‡íi wewb‡qvM ms‡e`bkxjZv cvkvcvwk Ab¨vb¨ Kvh©µg wbwðZ Ki‡e, hv cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gvi GKwU vqx
cwi‡ekMZ, mvgvwRK Ges Rjevqy cwieZ©b BDwbU vcb I cÖwZôv Kiv n‡e|
DcKib 2 Gi Rb¨ BAvBG Kbmvj‡U›U : wcAvB BD wb¤œwjwLZ wRIwe I weke¨vs‡Ki wb‡ ©wkKvi m‡½ m½wZc~Y© Dcv`v‡bi
Rb¨ Dcv`vb-2 Kv‡RiRb¨ BAvBG mgxÿvK‡í BAvBG Kbmvj‡U›U fvov Ki‡e| Zv‡`i `ic‡Îi bw_ AšÍf~©w³i Rb¨ BGgwc
cÖ ‧Z Kivi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e|
wbg©vY mycviwfgb Kbmvj‡U›U (wmGmwm) BGgwc ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ wVKv`vi KvRK‡g©i Rb¨ `vqx _vK‡eb|GB Kv‡Ri Rb¨
wmGmwm cÖK‡íi mgq BGgwc ev Íevqb wbwðZ Kivi Rb¨ AvšÍR©vwZK I RvZxq cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK we‡klR&n‡`i wb‡qvM
Kiv n‡e| Zviv BGgwc ev Íevqb, we‡kl cÖkgb e¨e¯vi Rb¨ wVKv`vi wbhy³ Ki‡eb| wmGmwm AwZwi³ M‡elYv I wVKv`vi
cÖvmw½K cwi‡ek I mvgvwRK cwiKíbv ev Íevq‡b civgk©`vZv I †emiKvix cÖwZôvb fvov Kiv n‡e|
wVKv`vi Ges †ÿÎ we‡kl BGgwc ev Íevqb, we‡kl cÖkgb e¨e vi Rb¨ cwi‡ekMZ we‡klÁ, †ckvMZ ¯v¯¨ I wbivcËv
we‡klÁ, cwi‡ekMZ KvwiMwi Ges Rb‡Mvôxi wjqv‡Rv Awdmvi cÖ‡qvRb Abymv‡i wb‡qvM Kiv n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii mv‡_ Ges
mvgvwRK / cwi‡ekMZ wel‡q Zvi Kgx©‡`i cÖwkÿY †`qvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb|
42
wPÎ 3 t GB cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ cÖ ÍvweZ cÖvwZôvwbK KvVv‡gv
i¨vc ev Íevqb I gwbUwis Kivi Rb¨ wcAvB BD KZ…©K i¨vc ev Íevqb Kbmvj‡U›U / mvgvwRK GbwRI wb‡qvM Kiv n‡e|
BGgwc I i¨vc ev Íevq‡bi g~j¨vqb Ges evwn¨K I ¯vaxb gwbUwis Pvjv‡Z wcAvB BD KZ…©K evwn¨K cwiexÿY I g~j¨vqb
KbmvjU¨v›U wbhy³ Kiv n‡e| evB‡ii ch©‡eÿY g~j D‡Ïk¨ wbwðZ Ki‡Z n‡e †h, B Gg wc I i¨vc ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨
wVKv`viMb Kvh©Kixfv‡efv‡e Zv‡`i Awc©Z `vwqZ¡ I f~wgKv cwic~iY Ki‡Qb ‡h, mKjBGgwc I i¨vc kZ©mg~n mgqgZ Ges
Kvh©Kix cšvq ev Íevqb n‡”Q|
10.3 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK e¨e¯’vcbv
K) cwi‡ek e¨envi wewa
cwi‡ek e¨envi wewa (BwmIwc) wewfbœ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK e¨e vcbvi w`K we‡ePbv K‡i cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡q‡Q| BwmIwc 1 :
eR©¨ e¨e vcbv ; BwmIwc 2: R¦vjvbx I wec¾bK c`v_© e¨e vcbv; BwmIwc 3: cvwb m¤ú` e¨e vcbv; BwmIwc 4: wb®‥vkb
e¨e v; BwmIwc 5: gvwUi ¸Yv¸Y e¨e vcbv; BwmIwc 6: fv½b ev ÿq Ges cjj wbqš¿b; BwmIwWc 7 : kxl© f~wg e¨e¯vcbv;
BwmIwc 8: †Uv‡cvMÖvwd Ges j¨vÛ¯‥¨vc; BwmIwc 9 : ‡ev‡iv GjvKv e¨e vcbv; BwmIwc 10 : evqyi gvb e¨e vcbv; BwmIwc
11:kã I K¤úb e¨e vcbv; BwmIwc 12: †d¬viv myiÿv; BwmIwc 13: cÖvwbRMZ iÿv; BwmIwc 14: grm¨ myiÿv; BwmIwc 15:
moK cwienb I moK cwienb e¨e¯vcbv; BwmIwc 18: mvs¯‥…wZK Ges agx©q Bmy¨ ev mgm¨v; BwmIwc 19: Kgx©‡`i ¯v ¨ I
wbivcËv; Ges BwmIwc 20: Lbb e¨e¯vcbv| BGgGd mshyw³ 4 ewY©Z Bwmwcmg~n wVKv`vi Pzw³wfwˇZ cÖwZcvjb Ki‡eb|
Project Director (PIU)
Dredging Supervision Consultant
(Component 1) – Environmental
and Social Specialists
Senior
Environmental
Specialist
(consultant)
Additional
environmental
consultants as
required
Senior Social / Land
Acquisition and R&R
Specialist
(consultant)
Additional social
consultants as
required
Construction Supervision
Consultant for Component 2 –
Environmental and Social
Specialists
E&S Cell Deputy Director, Planning
(from permanent BIWTA staff)
E&S Cell Assistant Director (from
permanent BIWTA staff)
PIU Environmental and Social cell
Independent EIA Consultant for
Preparation of EIA Reports for
Component 2 (Terminals and
Landing Stations)
RAP Implementation
Consultants, M&E Consultants
and Third Party Monitoring
Contractors
Environmental and Social
Specialists
Consultants for preparation
and implementation of
various sustainability studies
43
L) mvBU wbw`©ó e¨e¯vcbv cwiKíbv : m¤¢ve cÖwZK~j cwi‡e‡ki cÖfve Dckb Ges wbqš¿b Ki‡Z wVKv`vi KZ…©K wb¤œwjwLZ
mvBU-wbw ©ó cøvbmg~n cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii KvR ïiæ Kivi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wWGmwm / wmGmwm
eive‡i G mKj cøvb `vwLj Kiv n‡e|
‡WªwRs e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv Aa¨vq 5 ewY©Z cÖkgb c`‡ÿc Ges BwmIwc, WweøDwR BGBPGm w`Kwb‡`©kbv (2007) wfwˇZ
wVKv`vi KZ…©K cÖ¯‧Z I ev Íevqb Kiv n‡e| Lbb Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ I iÿYv‡eÿY‡hvM¨ KvMRcÎ I `wjj cÖ ‧Z Ges
LbbK…Z mvgMÖxi vcb I Acmvib Ges L‡bi Rb¨ Aej¤b‡hvM¨ c×wZmg~‡ni g‡a¨ Ab¨vb¨‡`i g‡a¨ cwiKíbvq eY©bv Kiv
n‡e| evwj evQvB Kv‡Ri Av‡M ch©v‡jvPbv I Aby‡gv`‡bi Rb¨ wWGmwm/ wmGmwm Gi Kv‡Q cøvbwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
`~lY cÖwZ‡iva cwiKíbv BwmIwc I WweøDwewR BGBP Gm w`Kwb‡`©kbv-2007 wfwˇZ wVKv`vi KZ…©K cÖ ‧Z I ev Íevqb Kiv
n‡e hv `icÎ `wj‡ji Ask n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wWGmwm/ wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q
cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
eR©¨ Acmvib Ges eR©¨ e¨e ’vcbv cwiKíbv BwmIwc I WweøDwewR BGBP Gm w`Kwb‡ ©kbv-2007 wfwˇZ wVKv`vi KZ…©K
cÖ ‧Z I ev Íevqb Kiv n‡e hv `icÎ `wj‡ji Ask n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨
wWGmwm/ wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
Lvev‡ii cvwb mieivn I m¨vwU‡Ukb cwiKíbv : we`¨gvb cvwb Drm ~lY I NvUwZi Kvi‡Q Avjv`v cvwb mieivn I m¨vwb‡Ukb
e¨e v A¯vqx myweav wn‡m‡e Awdm, †jevi K¨v¤ú, AvkÖq¯vb Ges Kg©¯‡j cÖ‡qvRb n‡e| BwmIwc I BwmIwc wfwˇZ wVKv`vi
KZ…©K cÖ¯‧Z I ev Íevqb Kiv n‡e hv `icÎ `wj‡ji Ask n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨
wWGmwm/ wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
‡ckvMZ ¯v ¨ I wbivcËv (IGBGm) cwiKíbv WweøDwR BGBP Gm w`Kwb‡`©kbv (2007), BwmIwc wfwˇZ cÖ‡Z¨K wVKv`vi
Øviv cÖ¯‧Z I ev Íevqb Kiv n‡e Ges Ab¨vb¨ cÖvmw½K gvb`Û| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨
wWGmwm/ wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
cwienb e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv hv moK I cwienb KZ…©cÿ I weAvBWweøDwUG Gi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi ci (we‡kl K‡i Uvwg©bvj I
j¨vwÛs Gi Rb¨) cÖ‡Z¨K wVKv`vi KZ…©K cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨
wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e| hvbRU Gov‡Z †K․jv‡K․k cwiexÿY Ges c_Pvix we‡kl ¯vbxq Rb‡Mvôxi
wbivcËvi cÖwµqv, wVKv`v‡ii e¨env‡ii Rb¨ cøvb KZ…©K iæU wPwýZ Kiv n‡e| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I
ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wWGmwm/ wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
wbg©vY K¨v¤ú e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv cÖ‡Z¨K wVKv`vi KZ…©K cÖYqb I cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡e| K¨v¤ú †j-AvDU, wewfbœ myweavi weeiY,
mieivn, gRyZ Ges e¨e¯vcbvi cøv‡b AšÍf~©³ _vK‡e| K¨v¤ú cÖwZôvi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wWGmwm/
wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv w`‡Z n‡e|
m¤¢ve¨ SuywK wba©vi‡Yi ci cÖ‡Z¨K wVKv`vi KZ…©K GKwU Riæix cÖ¯‧wZ I mvovi cwiKíbv cÖ¯‧Z Kiv n‡e hv wbg©v‡Yi mgq
DrmvwnZ Ki‡e| wVKv`v‡ii Kvh©µg ïiæi Av‡M Aby‡gv`b I ch©v‡jvPbvi Rb¨ wWGmwm/ wmGmwmGi Kv‡Q cwiKíbvwU Rgv
w`‡Z n‡e|
M) Ab¨vb¨ cwi‡ekMZ cøvb : Rxe •ewPΨ e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv M„nxZ cÖKí †_‡K Rxe •ewP‡Î¨i Dci cÖfve wbqš¿‡bi
BGmAvBG Ask wn‡m‡e cÖ¯‧Z Kiv nq| AwZwi³ mgxÿv cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Pvjv‡bv n‡e K) ¯úk©KvZi vb mg~‡n Rxe
•ewP‡Îi Dci wfwËjvBb WvUv msMÖn Kiv Ges L) ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖRvwZi Rb¨ myiÿv I Avevm j evov‡bvmn Rxe‣ewPΨ e¨e vcbv
Kg©m~Px Dbœqb I ev Íevqb Kiv|
LbbK…Z e¯‧i ev Dcv`vb mg~‡ni e¨e¯vcbv cwiKíbv: LbbK…Z e¯‧Z ev Dcv`v‡bi GKwU e¨e vcbv BGmAvBGi Ask wn‡m‡e
cÖ ‧Z Kiv nq|
RvnvR eni GjvKv Ges e›`‡ii meyRvqb : RvnvR eni GjvKvq cixÿvg~jK Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb I †K․kj Dbœqb ev Íevq‡bi
mgq mgxÿv M‡elYvI Pjv‡bv n‡e| cvkvcvwk M‡elYv, cwi®‥vi cÖhyw³ Aej¤b I Dbœqb Kivi Dci Drmvn I DÏxcbvg~jK
Kg©m~Px †hgb- Rvnv‡Ri BwÄb I †cÖv‡cjvi bK&Av, R¦vjvbxi ¸Yv¸Y, e›`i Kvh©µgg~jK Abykxjb, Kv‡M©v cwiPvjbv miÄvg
BZ¨vw`|
44
cybe©vmb bxwZ KvVv‡gv (AviwcGd)
AviwcGd Gi cÖv_wgK D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q cÖfvweZ I AvµvšÍ RbmsL¨vi ‡eu‡P _vKvi gvb Dbœqb Kiv| AviwcGd Gi Ab¨vb¨ D‡Ïk¨
n‡”Q 1) mve©ÿwbK mvgvwRK b¨vqwePvi bxwZgvjv mg~n wbwðZ Kiv, 2) Rb‡Mvôvi Dci †bwZevPK cÖfvemg~n Kgv‡bv 3) cÖKí
myweavi Rb¨ Rwg cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †µZv I we‡µZvi B”Qvq µq Kiv †h‡Z cv‡i 4) †eu‡P _vKvi gvb I Avq DcvR©‡bi ÿgZv I
mvg_©¨ Dbœq‡b ÿwZMÖ¯Í RbmsL¨v‡K mnvqZv Kiv 5) cÖKí Dcv`vb ev Íevqb I cwiKíbvq Rb‡Mvôx‡K AskMÖnY Ki‡Z
DrmvwnZ I mÿg Kiv Ges 5) bvwjk cÖwZKv‡i ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôx‡K mn‡hvwMZv cÖ`vb Kiv| AviGgGd m¤úwK© mvgvwRK
we‡eP¨ welqmg~n †hgb-f~wg AR©b, Rb‡Mvôxi RwoZ _vKv, gwnjv Ges Ab¨vb¨ wec`RbK I SuywKc~Y© MÖæc Ges bvwjkx
cÖwZKv‡ii cÖwZ we‡kl „wó AvK©lY|
weAvBWweøDwUG Gme AvµvšÍ Rb‡Mvôxi Dci cÖwZK~j cÖfve Kgv‡Z wb¤œwjwLZ bxwZmg~n e¨envi Ki‡eb :
‡emKvix ev cÖvB‡fU Rwg AwaMÖnY Kgv‡bv Ges hZ ~i m¤¢ve AwaKvsk miKvix Rwg e¨envi Kiv|
emZevox †_‡K RbM‡bi vbvšÍi Kgv‡bv, g~j¨evb Rwgi Drcv`b ÿgZv evov‡bv Ges e¨envi, feb / KvVv‡gv hv
¯vqx e¨emv Ges evwYwR¨K Kvh©µ‡gi Rb¨ e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q, Rb‡Mvôxi myweav †hgb-cÖv_©bv, c~Rv, Avivabv,
wkÿvMZ cÖwZôvb Ges mvgvwRK I HwZnvwmK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© feb I KvVv‡gvi Dci cÖfve Kgv‡bv|
AwaMÖn‡Yi ci `v‡Mi evKx Ask wgZ¨e¨qxfv‡e AcwieZ©b‡hvM¨, AwaMÖn‡bi Rb¨ m¤ú~Y© `vM cÖ¯Íve Ki‡Z f~wg
gvwj‡Ki Ackb _vK‡e|
M„nxZ bxwZgvjv ¯Z¡ I ¯Z¡wenxb Dfq e¨w³i †ÿ‡Î AšÍf~©³ _vK‡e|
Rwg AwaMÖn‡Yi †ÿ‡Î wb¤œwjwLZ Dcvqmg~n AviwcGd cÖ`vb K‡i t
Rwg µq- AvMÖnx †µZv I we‡µZv : AvMÖnx †µZv I we‡µZvi wbqg I B”Qvq weAvBWweøDwU KZ…©K wPwýZ Dchy³ Rwg,
weAvBWweøDwU Gi cÖwZwbwaMb f~wgi gvwj‡Ki Kv‡Q Dc vcb Ki‡eb| AvMÖnx we‡µZvMb weAvBWweøDwUG Gi Kv‡Q wjwLZfv‡e
mvdKejvq wewµ I n ÍvšÍi Ki‡eb| we`¨gvb evRvi g~j¨ Abymv‡i g~j wba©vwiZ n‡e Ges Zvici †jb‡`b Kiv| Kbmvj‡Ukb,
`i Av‡jvPbv, Pzw³ f~wgi WKz‡g›Um m¤ú~©Y© cÖwµqv weAvBWweøDwU KZ…©K †iKW© Kiv n‡e Ges weke¨vsK KZ…©K ch©v‡jvPbv Kiv
n‡e|
Rwg AwaMÖnY : AvBb Abymv‡i Rwg AwaMÖnY cÖ‡qvRb n‡j, AwaMÖn‡Y Af¨šÍixb †b․-cwienb gš¿Yvjq †_‡K cÖkvmwbK
Aby‡gv`bmn wWwm Gi Kv‡Q weAvBWweøDwU Rwg AwaMÖnY cÖ¯Íve (j¨vc)| AwaMÖn‡Yi GKwU m¤¢ve¨ M‡elYv Ges Ab¨vb¨
cÖ‡qvRbxq cÖwµqvmg~n cÖ‡qvRb nq| j¨vc Aby‡gv`bmv‡c‡ÿ weAvBWweøDwU gvV Kvh©vjq ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³‡`i A_© cwi‡kva
Ki‡eb|
ÿwZc~iY cÖ vb bxwZgvjv : weAvBWweøDwUGi wbwðZ Ki‡eb †h, cÖKí KZ…©K ÿwZMÖ¯Í m¤úwË (Rwg, KvVv‡gv Ges KvVv‡gvwenxb
m¤ú`) Gi i¨v‡ci eva¨Zvg~jK iƒc‡iLv Ges KvVv‡gv g‡Z AvBbMZfv‡e MwVZ cybe©vmb Dc-KwgwU KZ…©K c~Y© wewbgq Li‡Pi
ÿwZc~iY cwi‡kva Kiv n‡e| ÿwZc~iY cwi‡kva Ges Ab¨vb¨ mn‡hvwMZv, Drcv`bg~jK m¤ú‡`i wewbgq Ges cybevwm©K
cwiev‡ii Kg©w`em I Avq †jvKmvb iæ×vi we‡kl K‡i SuywKc~Y© cwievi AÎ KwgwU KZ…©K wbwðZ Kiv n‡e| ÿwZc~iY Ges
Ab¨vb¨ bM` A_ ©mn‡hvwMZv i¨vc Aax‡b ÿwZc~iY I mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ †hvM¨ ÿwZMÖ¯Í e¨w³i Øviv cwiPvwjZ e¨vsK wn‡m‡e
cwi‡kva‡hvM¨ e¨vsK wej cwi‡kva Kiv n‡e| e¨vsK wnmve ¯vgx I ¿x Df‡qi bv‡g n‡e|
¯^Z¡ cwigvY : gvV M‡elYv I mgxÿvi wfwˇZ cÖK‡íi ¯Z¡ cwigvc cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡e Ges cybevm©b bxwZ KvVv‡gv cÖ¯‧‡Zi Ask
wn‡m‡e miKvix Kg©KZ©v‡`i mv‡_ civgk© K‡i Zv Kiv n‡e| †jvKmv‡bi †Kvb †kÖYx‡Z GKvwaKevi ÿwZc~iY / ¯‡Z¡i Rb¨
†Kvb e¨w³ †hvM¨ n‡Z cv‡i| cÖ‡Z¨K e¨w³i Rb¨ wWwm wmwmGj Avjv`vfv‡e cwi‡kva Ki‡eb| GmGgGd Ab¨vb¨ Dcv`vb
n‡”Q bxwZ Av`k© Ges w`Kwb‡`©kbv K) Rb‡Mvôxi RwoZv _vKv, L) ÷¨vK‡nvìvi‡`i AskMÖnY, Ges M) gwnjv Ges Ab¨vb¨
SuywKc~Y© MÖæ‡ci cÖwZ we‡kl `„wó AvKl©b Kiv hv‡”Q|
AÎ GmGgGd ev Íevqb weAvBWweøDwUG Ges Dnvi †Kvb mycviwfkb I cwiexÿb g~j¨vqb AwWU jviwjs (GgBGGj) cÖ‡UvKj
cÖwZwbwa, ‣ÎgvwmK gwbUwis Ges g~j¨vqb I wØ-evwl©K mvgvwRK I jviwjs KZ…©K †`Lvïbv I ZË¡veavqb Kiv n‡e|
45
‡hvMv‡hvM †K․kj : wewfbœ ÷¨vK‡nvìvi‡`i Rb¨ RwoZ _vKv Ges cÖKí cÖfve cÖ`v‡b wcAvBBD `vwqZ¡ e¨vL¨v K‡i Ges wewfbœ
†hvMv‡hvM Ges hš¿vsk cÖK‡í vc‡bi Rb¨ GKwU AvbyôvwbK ‡hvMv‡hvM †K․kj cÖ¯‧Z I cÖYqb Kiv n‡e| G †K․k‡ji ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
w`K †h †Kvb cÖKí mswkøó cÖfv‡ei †hvMv‡hvM _vK‡e|
10.4 cwiexÿY cwiKíbv:
ch©‡eÿY wb‡`©kKmn mviYx 9 ewY©Z cÖkgb c`‡ÿc cÖwZcvjb wbwðZ Ki‡Z cÖKí ev Íevqb Kivi mgq cÖ ÍvweZ cwiexÿY
cøvb Pvjv‡bv n‡e| wWGmwm / wmGmwm cwiKíbv ev¯Íevqb †`Lvïbvi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb|
10.5 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖwkÿY
cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK cÖwkÿY : wbwðZ Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ Ki‡eb †h, BGgwc Gi hveZxq kZv©ejx mKj cÖKí Kg©Pvix KZ…©K
¯úófv‡e Abymib Kiv n‡”Q| mKj Kg©Pvix‡`i Kv‡Q cÖwkÿY †`qvi cÖv_wgK `vwqZ¡ wVKv`v‡ii Ges mycviwfkb
Kbmvj‡U›U‡`i| cÖwkÿY wewfbœ †ckvMZ MÖæc‡K Avjv`vfv‡e †`qv n‡e †hgb e¨e vcK, `ÿ Kg©Pvix, A`ÿ †jevi Ges
K¨v‡¤úi ÷¨vd‡`i Avjv`vfv‡e cÖwkÿY †`qv n‡e|
10.6 evwn¨K gwbUwis ev cwiexÿY
BGgwc ev Íevq‡bi evwn¨K I ¯vaxb gwbUwis Ges g~j¨vqb Pvjv‡Z ¯vaxb gwbUwis I g~j¨vqb Kbmvj‡U›U‡`i wb‡qvM Ki‡eb
weAvBWweøDwUG | evB‡ii cwiexÿ‡Yi cÖavb D‡Ïk¨ n‡e wbwðZ Kiv †h, mKj ¸iæZ¡c~Y© cÖwZôvY I B I Gm †mj, wm Gm wm
Ges wVKv`viMb Kvh©Kixfv‡e BGgwc ev Íevq‡bi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb Ges mKj BGgwc kZ©mg~n mgqgZ Ges Kvh©Kix cšvq
ev Íevqb Kiv n‡”Q|
10.7 ÿwZ cÖwZKvi Kjv‡K․kj
cÖK‡íi-ÿwZMÖ¯Í ev AvµvšÍ e¨w³‡`i KvQ †_‡K cÖvß Awf‡hvM Ges bvwjkx m‡¤vab Kivi Rb¨ bvwjk cÖwZKvi Kjv‡K․kj
(wRAviGg) cÖwZôv Ki‡eb cÖKíwU| wRAviG Gi †g․wjK D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Kg©cwiKíbvi myôz ev Íevqb
myweav cÖ`v‡b msÿz× c‡ÿi mv‡_ civgk© mv‡c‡ÿ †h †Kvb cÖKí-mswkøó bvwjk vbxqfv‡e mgvavb Kiv| Ab¨ Avi GKwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© D‡Ïk¨ n‡”Q ÿwZMÖ¯Í †jvKR‡bi Revew`wnZv cÖwZôv Ki‡Z Ges vbxq ch©v‡q Dbœqb cÖwµqv MbZvwš¿K Kiv| hv‡nvK
cÖwµqvmg~n AvBb Av`vj‡Z hvIqvi Av‡M †Kvb e¨w³i AwaKvi ÿzbœ I Le© Ki‡e bv| wRAvi Gg Aax‡b, wZbwU bvwjk cÖwZKvi
KwgwU (wRAviwm) MVb Kiv n‡e: GKwU vbxq ch©v‡q Ges Ab¨wU †Rjv I RvZxq ch©v‡q|
10.8 cÖwZ‡e`b •Zix
wWGmwm, wmGmwm Gi KvQ †_‡K mn‡hvwMZvmn B I Gm †mj, ¯vaxb I Z…Zxqcÿ gwbUim Ges wVKv`viMb cwi‡ekMZ ¯v¯¨
I wbivcËv gwbUwis wi‡cvU© †ck I Dc¯vcb Ki‡eb hv Dcv`vb-1, Dcv`vb 2 wbg©vY Ges AvBWweøDwU iÿYv‡eÿY Ges / A_ev
wbg©vY †kl nIqvi wZb eQ‡ii Rb¨ evrmwiKfv‡e AvBWweøDwU cwiPvwjZ Pzw³ †gqv‡`i wfwˇZ Kg©m¤úv`‡bi mgq
•ÎgvwmKfv‡e `vwLj Kiv n‡e | ZvQvov, lvb¥vwbK mvgvwRK wbixÿv cÖwZ‡e`b AviwcGd cÖwZcvjb I cÖwµqv Ges wbixÿvq
cÖ ‧Z Kiv n‡e| wbg©vY †kl nIqvi eQ‡i, B I Gm †mj GKwU cÖKí mgvwßi cwi‡ekMZ gwbUwis cÖwZ‡e`b mswÿß AvKv‡i
`vwLj Ki‡eb| ewn: cwi`k©K ev ZË¡veavqKMb Pzw³i †gqv` †k‡l P~ovšÍfv‡e mgvß cÖwZ‡e`b Ges cÖ‡Z¨K eQi †k‡l cÖfve
g~j¨vqb cÖwZ‡e`b •ÎgvwmK cÖwZ‡e`b `vwLj Ki‡eb|
10.9 BGgwc LiP :
cwi‡ekMZ e¨e vcbv I cwiexÿY Kvh©µ‡gi †gvU LiP cÖv°jb wnmve Kiv n‡q‡Q BDGmWjvi 19 wgwjqb (mvibx-10)| Gi
g‡a¨ BDGmWjvi 11.3 wgwjqb cÖK‡íi (mviYx-3 ªóe¨) 3 DcKib Aax‡b AšÍf~©³ Kiv Kiv n‡q‡Q; evKx 7.7 wgwjqb
BDGm Wjvi Ab¨vb¨ cÖK‡íi DcKi‡b AšÍf~©³ Kiv n‡q‡Q hvi mviYx-10|
46
mviYx 10t cÖK‡íi gwbUwis Ges cwi‡ek e¨e¯vcbvi LiP cÖv°jb
weeiY cwigvY wgwjqb
Wjv‡i
cÖK‡íi DcKib (mviYx 5
`ªóe¨)
1. e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv Kgx©, cÖwkÿY, BZ¨vw` Dbœq‡bi Rb¨
wVKv`v‡ii ev‡RU
1.0 DcKib 1 : AvBWweøDwU
2. AeKvVv‡gv wbg©v‡bi mgq djj, cvwb, evq~, gvwU Ges kã
ZxeªZv ch©‡eÿb (6 eQ‡ii Rb¨ •ÎgvwmK)
0.5
3. ‡WwRs Z`viKKvix cwi‡ek I mgvRKgx cÖwkÿb 1.0
4. wm.Gm.wm Z`viKKvix Kgx© cÖwkÿb 1.0 DcKib 2 : AvBWweøDwU
5. e¨e vcbv cwiKíbv, Kgx© cÖwkÿ‡bi gZ Dbœqb Kv‡Ri Rb¨
wVKv`v‡ii ev‡RU
1.5
6. AeKvVv‡gv wbg©v‡bi mgq djj, cvwb, evq~, gvwU Ges kã
ZxeªZv ch©‡eÿb (6 eQ‡ii Rb¨ •ÎgvwmK)
0.5
7 c~bev©mb bxwZ I KvVvgvi Kv‡Ri Rb¨ cÖkvmwbK ev‡RU 2.2
8 cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb Ges EMPs, SMPS Ges
RAPS Dbœqbmn cvBjU b`xkvmb Kg©Kv‡Ûi Rb¨ c«‡qvRb,
Ges Ab¨ ‡Kvb fwel¨Z Dcc«Kí wnmv‡e
0.2 DcKib-3: cÖvwZôvwbK
mÿgZv e„w× Ges
†UKmBKiY
9 Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi ye©jZv (Rjevqyy cwieZ©‡bi we‡kølb
c«wZdwjZ A½ms¯vb / MvwbwZK g‡W‡ji Avc‡WU mn)
evsjv‡`‡k ‡b․cwienb Lv‡Zi g~j¨Wb Ges ‡m±i e¨vcx
Rjevqy cwieZ©‡bi SyuwK ‡gvKv‡ejvq cwiKíbv Dbœqb
1.0
10 M‡elbv, Kg©cwiKíbv Ges we.AvB.WvweøD.wU.G-Gi mÿgZv
Dbœq‡b b`xi Uvwg©bvj, j¨vwÛs †ókb Ges Ab¨vb¨
we.AvB.WvweøD.wU-Gi m¤ú‡`I Kvh©Ki I †UKmB `xN©‡gqv`x
iÿbv‡eÿb wbwðZ Ki‡Z
0.5
11 AeKvVv‡gv Dbœq‡bi gva¨‡g XvKv PÆMvg Kwi‡Wv‡ii
Af¨šÍixb ‡b․-c‡_i gva¨‡g gvjvgj mieiv‡n DrmvnxM‡bi
Dci Rwic Kvh©µg cwiPvjbv Kiv
0.5
12 wbw`©ó wewb‡qv‡M we.AvB.WvweøD.wU-‡K mvgvwRK e¨e¯cbv
cwiKíbv ev Íevq‡b mn‡hvwMZvi Rb¨ †emiKvix ms v
wb‡qvM
0.5
13 mvgvwRK myiÿvi Ges Avi.G.wc ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Z…Zxq
c‡ÿi ch©‡eÿK wb‡qvM
0.3
14 cwi‡ek myiÿvi Ges Avi.G.wc ev¯Íevq‡bi Rb¨ Z…Zxq
c‡ÿi ch©‡eÿK wb‡qvM
0.3
15 cwi‡ekMZ AwfÁ cÖwZôvb: (K) ms‡e`bkxj Ae v‡b
we`¨gvb Rxe‣ewP‡Îi AwZwi³ DcvË msMÖn; Ges (L) Ges
¯-ev v‡b g~j c«RvwZi Rb¨ evm vb ewa©ZKiY I myi¶v mn
Rxe‣ewPΨ e¨e vcbv Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb
2.5
16. RvnvR eni meyRvq‡bi Dci cixÿvg~jK Kg©m~Px I †K․kj
Dbœq‡bi mgxÿv I M‡elYv (M‡elYv I cwi®‥vi cÖhyw³
Aej¤^b Ges Dbœq‡b Drmvng~jK Kg©m~Px †hgb-Rvnv‡Ri
BwÂb I †cÖv‡cjvi wWRvBb, R¦vjvbx gvb, e›`i cwiPvjbvi
e¨e v, Kv‡M©v cwiPvjbvi miÄvg BZ¨vw`|
2.0
17.1 AwZwi³ BGgwc Kg©m~Px ev Íevqb †hgb-Lbb AveR©bv
e¨e vcbv 2
18. wcGgBD cwi‡ekMZ ÷¨vd 1.5
47
LÛ ÔMÕ - mvgvwRK g~j¨vqb Ges cÖkgb cwiKíbv
11. myweav‡fvMxM‡bi civgk© I cÖKvk
11.1 mswÿß weeiY
e¨vcK Av‡jvPbv cÖKí •Zixi mgq mvgvwRK I cwi‡ekMZ Dfq‡ÿ‡Î mgxÿv `j KZ…©K Pvjv‡bv nq| cÖv_wgK civgk©mn
XvKvq RvZxq ch©v‡q Kg©KvÛ, cÖKíbv (A_©vr BGmAvBG, BGgGd I AviwcGd)Gi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍvweZ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK
g~j¨vqb M‡elYv I mgxÿvi weeiYx k‡Z© Ges cÖK‡íi D‡Ïk¨mg~n †kqvwis K‡i †m‡Þ¤i I A‡±vei 2015 mg‡q AbywôZ nq|
LbbK…Z mvgMÖx Acmvib cwiKíbvi Rb¨ AvMvg Lbb ¯v‡b Rb‡Mvôxi mv‡_ wW‡m¤^i 2015 mg‡q AwZwi³ Kbmvj‡U›U Pvjv‡bv
nq| Kbmvj‡U›U eûai‡bi c×wZ‡Z RwoZ- D`vniY ¯iƒc, g~j Z_¨`vZvi mvÿvrKvi, MÖvg †gvZv‡eK mfv, †dvKvm MÖæc
Av‡jvPbv I Kg©KvÛ| Kbmvj‡U›U Ask MÖnYKvix‡`i mviYx-11 †Z eY©bv Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Zv‡`i g‡a¨ RwoZ I AšÍf~©³ n‡”Q
1) cÖKí GjvKvq ÿwZMÖ Í Rb‡Mvôx I RbmsL¨v, 2) K…lK, †R‡j Rb‡Mvôx, j‡Âi hvÎx, Aÿg e¨w³, e¨emvwqK †jvKRb,
w`bgRyi, gwnjv, 3) RvZxq I vbxq miKvix KZ…©Kcÿ hviv †Rjv cÖkvm‡bi `vwq‡Z¡ i‡q‡Q, MÖvg Dbœqb, K…wl, grm¨ Lvgvi,
eb¨Rxeb Ges cwi‡ek myiÿv Ges 4) †emiKvix cÖwZôvb| miKvix Kbmvj‡U‡›Ui cÖ_g Pµ BAvBG Gi djvdj cÖKvk Ki‡Z
Ges ÷¨vK †nvìvi‡`i wdWe¨vK †c‡Z b‡f¤^i 2015 Zvwi‡L AbywôZ nq| miKvix civgk© Av‡jvPbv Pvjv‡bvi Av‡M h_vh_
÷¨vK‡nvìvi‡`i Kv‡Q msev`c‡Îi weÁwß Ges AvnŸvb cvVv‡bv nq| miKvix civgk© Av‡jvPbvi wØZxq Pµ gvP© 2016 Gi
cÖ_g w`‡K Puv`cy‡i RvZxq ch©v‡qi Kg©Kv‡Ûi gva¨‡g AbywôZ n‡e|
mviYx 11 t wewfbœ civgk© mfvq Dcw¯Z e¨w³‡`i msL¨v
Kvh©µg AskMÖnYKvixi msL¨v
1. Avjv`v cwiev‡ii mfv ( 585 cwiev‡ii cÖkœm~PK Rwic) 2793
2. MÖv‡gi mfv (31wU mfv) 877
3. ‡dvKvm MÖæ‡ci Av‡jvPbv (29wU mfv) 296
4. RvZxq Kbmvj‡U›U Kg©KvÛ (14 A‡±vei 2015 XvKvq) 127
5. miKvi civgk© (AvïMÄ Ges ewikvj h_vµ‡g 17 I 18 b‡f¤i 2015
Bs Zvwi‡L)
106
‡gvU 4,199
civgk© cÖwZwµqv (wdWe¨vK) : wewfbœ ÷¨vK‡nvìvi KZ…©K DÌvwcZ cÖavb we‡eP¨ welqmg~n mvims‡ÿ‡c mviYx-12 ‡Z ‡`Lv‡bv
nÕj:
48
mviYx-12 t ¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq, cwiKíbv wb‡¤œ †`qv nj:
÷¨vK‡nvìvi‡`i aib ZvwjKv cÖK‡íi Reve I cÖkgb c`‡ÿc-
mvims‡ÿc
‡`vKvb`vi cÖK‡íi wel‡q †`vKvb‡`i gZvgZ Ges myweav m¤wjZ DbœZ
jÂNvU †`L‡Z Pvb Zviv †hgb-ewY©Z GjvKvi †`vKv‡bi Rb¨
Uq‡jU I h‡_ó RvqMv †hb Zv‡`i KvVv‡gv cyb:cybfv‡e
¯vbvšÍi Ki‡Z eva¨ nb| Zviv cÖKvk K‡ib †h, cÖKíwU
e¨emvwqK myweav evov‡e Ges cÖKí m¤úbœ nIqvi ci
e¨emvi bZzb D‡`¨vM D‡¤§vwPZ n‡e|
Uq‡jU I Lvevi cvwbi myweav jÂNvU
I b`x Uvwg©bv‡j AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e|
Uvwg©bv‡ji bK&kvI BRviv †`qvi mgq
†`vKvb¸‡jv‡K AšÍf~©³ Ki‡e|
ÿwZMÖ¯Í Rb‡Mvôxi Kv‡Q †`vKvb,
AMÖvwaKvi †`qv n‡e|
kvixwiKfv‡e Aÿg I
c½y
j Uvwg©bvj I RjRvnv‡R Aÿg I c½y‡`i Rb¨ we‡kl
†Kvb myweav bvB| mnR PjvP‡j j Uvwg©bv‡j Ges Nv‡U
Avjv`v vb I RvqMv Zviv Pvq| Riæix Ae vq †KejgvÎ
ûBj †Pqvi I weQvbv myweav †ivMx‡`i Rb¨ †`qv| vqxfv‡e
†mLv‡b Wv³vi bv| jÂNvU I Uvwg©bv‡j c½y e¨w³iv h_vh_
wbivcËv Pvq| Gme c½y e¨w³i Uvwg©bvj I jÂNv‡Ui myweav
m¤ú‡K© Rv‡bb bv| AwaKvsk †jvKRb wPšÍv K‡ib †h, moK
cwienb we‡kl K‡i Aÿg e¨w³‡`i Rb¨ b`x cwien‡bi
†P‡q mnRZi †h‡nZz Zviv mvZvi KuvU‡Z cv‡i bv| jÂNvU /
†dwi Ges mnR DVvi myweavq Zv‡`i Rb¨ Avjv`v RvqMv/
Avmb Pvb †hgb-gm„b iv Ív, ûBj †Pqvi BZ¨vw` hw` G
ai‡bi myweav Aÿg †jvKR‡bi Rb¨ †`qv nq Z‡e Zviv b`x
cwienb Avivg Avq‡k e¨envi Ki‡Z cvi‡e|
Aÿg I c½y e¨w³‡`i DVv bvgvi Rb¨
Uvwg©bv‡j i¨v¤ú †`qv n‡e| Ab¨vb¨
w`Kmg~n BGmG Gi we ÍvwiZ eY©bvq
AbymÜvb Kiv n‡e Ges bK&kv mgxÿv
cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi mgq Pv‡jv‡bv n‡e|
‡R‡j Rb‡Mvôx AwaKvsk ‡R‡j Rb‡Mvôx b`x eivei A_ev b`x †_‡K GK
wK‡jvwgUv‡ii g‡a¨ emevm K‡i| gv‡S g‡a¨ Zv‡`i‡K
Acnib welqK mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq GgbwK wKQz
ivR‣bwZKfv‡e cÖfvweZ e¨w³ hviv Zv‡`i‡K grm¨ wkKv‡ii
Rb¨ A_© cÖ v‡b eva¨ K‡i| Zviv cÖK‡íi ¯vMZ RvbvB Z‡e
grm¨ PjvPj c_ ev iæU m¤ú‡K© „wó †`qvi Aby‡iva K‡ib
b`x Lb‡bi mgq hv‡Z Zv‡`i RxweKvi mgm¨v bv K‡i|
mKj ‡b․-cwienb P¨v‡bj ev cÖYvjx
eive‡i ‡b․c_ wmM¨vbvj w`‡Z n‡e|
gv‡Qi wWgcvov ev esk we Ívi GjvKv
cwieZ©b iæU Ges evwYwR¨
GjvKv¸‡jv Lbb Kiv Ges Lbb
mvgMÖx vcb †_‡K ev` w`‡Z n‡e|
j I †dwii Kgx© j I †dwi Kgx©Mb cÖK‡íi cÖwZ Zv‡`i „wó gZvgZ cÖKvk
K‡ib| Lbb Kvh© I mZ©KRvix e¨e¯v m¤ú‡K© Zviv
Avkw¼Z| Rj Rvnv‡Ri g‡a¨ msN©l `yN©Ubv N‡U| DbœZ
mZ©K e¨e v _vK‡j yN©Ubvi nvi K‡g Avm‡e| j I
Ab¨vb¨ RjR Rvnv‡Ri Rb¨ Zv‡`i wbivcËvi Rb¨ h‡_ó
e¨w³MZ myiÿv e¨e v Pvb| wcwcB hvÎx‡`i Rb¨ cvIqv
†h‡Z cv‡i|
cÖKí cwiKíbvq wbivcËvi c`‡ÿc
mg~n AšÍf~©³ Kiv Av‡Q Ges †hgb-
b`x Z_¨, wfGBP Gd Ges mvP© jvBU
e¨e v|
gwnjv gwnjv we‡kl K‡i M„wnYxiv cÖKí iæ‡U Av‡m Ges ¯^vgxi mv‡_
j‡Â Av‡m A_ev GgbwK †Kej Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvR‡b
†Q‡j‡g‡q‡`i wb‡q Av‡m| Zv‡`i cÖ‡qvR‡b j Uvwg©bvj I
RvnvR, Avjv`v wU‡KU KvD›Uvi Zv‡`i wbivcËvi Rb¨
Avjv`v RvqMv Kiv DwPZ|
Avjv`v wU‡KU KvD›Uvi, A‡cÿvi
Kÿ I Uq‡jU gwnjv hvÎx‡`i Rb¨
Uvwg©bv‡ji Kv‡Q w`‡Z n‡e| Avjv`v
Uq‡jU j¨vwÛs †÷k‡b w`‡Z n‡e|
gwnjv‡`i cÖ‡qvR‡b m‡e©v”P myweavi
wbw`©ó bK&kv myweav †`qv, AvBWweøDwU
e¨env‡i Avivg I wbivcËv we ÍvwiZ
bKkvi mgq Ges b`x Uvwg©bv‡ji
Rb¨BGmAvBG ch©v‡q Mfxifv‡e
mgxÿv Pvjv‡bv n‡e Ges †mB mv‡_
AvBWweøDwU †m±‡ii Rb¨ wj½
Kg©cwiKíbvi Dbœqb Ki‡Z M‡elYv
I mgxÿvi gva¨‡g Zv Ki‡Z n‡e,
cvkvcvwk cÖKí ev Íevq‡bi mgq Zv
Pvjv‡bv n‡e|
49
åvg¨gvb ‡dwiIqvjv/
we‡µZv
mvaviYZ †gvevBj we‡µZv ‡dwi / j NvU Ges RjR
Rvnv‡Z cwiPvjbv K‡ib| Zviv me©`v GK NvU †_‡K Ab¨
Nv‡U hvq Ges Zv‡`i gvjvgvj I mvgMÖx wewµ K‡i| jÂNvU
I cwien‡b Zviv wbivcËv Pvq| wKQz wKQz mgq Zv‡`i‡K
mgm¨vi m¤§yLxb n‡Z nq Ges NvU I Rvnv‡Ri wbivcËv I
MvW© Ges cywj‡ki Øviv G ai‡bi mgq co‡Z nq|
weAvBWweøDwU Gi DwPZ †gvevBj
we‡µZv‡`i‡K jvB‡mÝ cÖ`vb
Kiv|cÖKí ev¯Íevq‡bi mgq mvgvwRK
civgk©`vZv G me we‡µZv‡`i
mbv³Ki‡b weAvBWweøwUG‡K
mn‡hvwMZv Ki‡eb Ges Zv‡`i
jvB‡mÝ cÖwµqvi †ÿ‡Î mg_©b cÖ`vb
Ki‡eb|
11.3 cÖKvk
DcKib 1 Gi Lmov BGmAvBGmn DcKib 2 I 3 DcKi‡bi Rb¨ Lmov BGgGd Ges AviwcGd cÖwZ‡e`b weAvBWweøDwUG
I‡qemvB‡U cÖKvk Kiv n‡q‡Q Ges Gme cÖwZ‡e`‡bi nvW© Kwc we`¨gvb Uvwg©bv‡j weAvBWweøDwU Awd‡m cvIqv hv‡e| cÖKí (G
WKz‡g›U) Gi Rb¨ cwi‡ekMZ I mvgvwRK g~j¨vq‡bi Rb¨ wbevnx mvims‡ÿcI weAvBWweøDwUG I‡qemvB‡U cÖKvk Kiv n‡e|
WKz‡g›Umg~n weke¨vs‡Ki Bb‡dvk‡cI cÖKvk Kiv n‡e|
![川建勘设科发[2014]610号...GB 50010-2010 GB 50011 2010 GB 50003-2011 GB 50204-2002(2011版） GB 50367-2013 GB 50203-2011 GB 11968-2006 GB/T 13545-2014 GB/T 50105-2010 GB/T 15229-2011](https://img.dokumen.tips/doc/110x75/60e329a06184542b56015383/ec2014610-gb-50010-2010-gb-50011-2010-gb-50003-2011-gb.jpg)
