12
1 조 조조조 조조조 조조조 Gaussian Distributions of Signal and Noise with Equal Variances March 28, 2005 Chapter3.

Gaussian Distributions of Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

Embed Size (px)

DESCRIPTION

Gaussian Distributions of Signal and Noise with Equal Variances. Chapter3. March 28, 2005. The ROC Curve for the Yes-No Task. ▶ Standard Normal distributions -> means = 0 , S.D. = 1 ▶ 그래프 해석 1) Five Criterion 2) Normal Curve Table -each criterian associated with H and FA - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Citation preview

Page 1: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

Gaussian Distributions of Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

Gaussian Distributions of Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

March 28, 2005

Chapter3.

Page 2: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

The ROC Curve for the Yes-No Task

▶Standard Normal distributions -> means = 0 , S.D. = 1

▶ 그래프 해석 1) Five Criterion 2) Normal Curve Table -each criterian associated with H and FA ( 기준점을 중심으로 오른쪽 곡선 아래 area)

Fig.3.1 Gaussian distributions of signal and noise

- mean >> Noise = 0 ; Signal = 1 - variance >> Niose = Signal=1

FA H

Z(S|n) Z(S|s)

Page 3: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

The ROC Curve for the Yes-No Task

Page 4: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

▶ROC Curve : P(S|s) 와 P(S|n) 을 같은 공간에표현 vs

▶D.P.S. : P(S|s) 와 P(S|n) 그리고 Z(S|s) 와 Z(S|n) 을 같은

공간에 표현

1) Why should the double-probability plot be a straight line?

2) Why should the line run parallel to the positive diagonal?

Double-Probability Scales(D.P.S)

D.P.S. 나타낼 경우 , 곡선아닌 positive diagonal 에

수평인 직선이 나타남 .

P(S|n)

Z(S|n)

Z(S

|s)

P(S

|s)

Page 5: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

Double-Probability Scales(D.P.S)

그러므로 ,Noise distribution 의 X 축을 따라 1 S.D. unit 를 이동하면 Signal distribution 와 겹침 .즉 , Z(S|n) 의 x 증가는 Z(S|s) 의 x 증가내에서의 결과 .

따라서 Z(S|s) & Z(S|n) 는 직선적인 연관이 있고 line slope 는 1 과 같다 .

*Remember!

=> Z(S|s) & Z(S|n) : equal variance

1) Why should the double-probability plot be a straight line?2) Why should the line run parallel to the positive diagonal?

Page 6: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

Double-Probability Scales

▶ d' 값을 찾는 것이 가능 for any criterion, Z(S|n) - Z(S|s)

- 여기서는 항상 Z(S|n) - Z(S|s) = +1 임

▶P(A) = d'

▶ d' Assumption

1) Normal distribution.

2) Same Varience

Page 7: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

▶ d' : 평균 사이의 거리

d' =

▶ d' 은 noise 분포의 표준편차 단위에서 측정되므로 , 더 정확한 식은

d' = ( z= )

* 이것은 표준화된 Z 값과 비슷하게 표현됨 .

The Formula for d'

Xs - Xn

Xs – Xnσn

(Xs : signal 의 분포 평균 / Xn :Noise 의 분포 평균 )

X – μσ

Page 8: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

▶ ROC Curve is possible1) to find distance between the dis

tribution means.(d‘)2) to find the criterion points the o

bserver used. (β)

▶Fig 1.1, If an observer desides to respon

d S whenever x>=66 in, and to respond to whenever x<66 in.

β=l(x)= =3/4

=> P(x|s) 와 P(x|n) 은 실제 x=66 에서 signal 과 noise 의 분포의 높이임 .

The Criterion

P(x|s)P(x|n)

X=66

Page 9: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

▶signal distribution height :ys

Noise distribution height :yn

l(x) =ys/yn

▶ 높이 구하는 식

yn=

x =Z(S|n) , noise 분포로 부터 기준거리 = 3.142 e = 2.718

ys =

x -d=Z(S|s) , signal 분포로 부터 기준거리

The Criterion

ys

yn

e-1/2x2

√2

e-1/2(x-d)2

√2

Page 10: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

The Criterion

▶ β properties.. 1) Criterion c, β=1 (ys=yn)

2) β<1 , Bias to signal ( 모험적 ) 3) β>1 , Bias to noise ( 보수적 )

▶ Bias to signal, 0< β<1 Bias to noise, β>1

=> 범위가 다르다 .

log 사용

Page 11: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

▶β =l(x) =ys/yn=

정리하면 ,

β=

ln e = x 를 β 적용하면 ,

ln β= ln = ln e

ln β=

The Criterion

e-1/2x2

√2

e-1/2(x-d)2

√2

e-1/2(x-d)2

e-1/2x2

x

e-1/2(x-d)2

e-1/2x2

1/2d(2nx-d)

1/2d(2nx-d)

Page 12: Gaussian Distributions of  Signal and Noise with Equal Variances

1 조 박재규 백영미 조용주

Chap.3Gaussian Distributions of Signal and Noise with Equal Variances