Gaston Renaissance WOOD 120 2018 - University of British ...swatts.sites.olt.ubc.ca/Files/2018/11/Gaston-Renaissance-FRST-547-2018.pdf–Product and system evolution / revolution

FRST 547

Gaston November 2018 1

BC Forest Products Industry: a Renaissance?

FRST 547

November 2018

Chris Gaston, PhD

2Chris Gaston November 2018

Overview

• Canadian fibre supply– land base, production and trade

• End-use markets– Lumber, wood based panels and engineered wood

products / composites• Residential, R&R, non-residential and industrial

– Bio-energy and bio-chemicals

• The renaissance of our industry!– Product and system evolution / revolution

• The Green Economy (?)

• Social change (?)


Objectives…

By the end of this presentation you should be able to describe:

– The trends in “commodity” versus “value added” forest products

– The advantages of engineered wood products / systems

– The concept of the “three-legged-stool”; economic, environmental and social objectives of the forest industry

– The concept of “bio-pathways”

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Overview of the Canadian forest sector


Forests of Canada

• 396.4 M hectares– 166.2 M certified

– 37.3 M national parks

• 2016 (hectares):– 0.78 M harvest (153 M m3)

– 17.6 M lost to insects

– 1.4 M lost to fires

• 67% coniferous, 16% mixed wood and 11% hardwood

• 94% publicly owned

• 30% of the world’s boreal forest

Source: The State of Canada’s Forests, 2016 Annual Report


Forests of Canada

Source: BC Archives

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Forest industry in Canada—key facts

• Forest Sector Revenues (2014)– Forestry and logging $ 9.3 Billion

– Pulp & paper $24.5

– Wood products $26.5

$60.3

• Contribution to GDP: $20.3 Billion

• Balance of Trade (2015): $22 Billion

• Average Wage per Employee (2011): $52,673

– 16% above the national average

• Jobs (2015): 296,691

Jobs (2013): 361,564

• Research and development (2011)– Wood Products Manufacturing: $95 Million

– Pulp and Paper: $56

– Forestry and Logging: $ 6

Source: FPAC; The State of Canada’s Forests, 2016 Annual Report


Structural changes in (or affecting) supply

• US housing collapse

• Drop in newsprint consumption

• Rise in lower grade demand (China, bioenergy)

• Rise in CDN $ value against US currency

• Annual allowable cut drops– Recently Ontario and Quebec; pending in BC with the MPB)

• Increasing fiber costs

• Decreasing fiber quality

• Increasing natural

disturbances


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Wood supply cost in Canada

Source: Wood Resources International, February 2007


Global fibre supply changes

Source: Pöyry

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Canada forest products exports

Source: Global Trade Atlas


BC / rest of Canada lumber production

Source: Statistics Canada


Canada lumber exports


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Canada lumber exports



Some context: wood-use in the U.S.

Source: RISI, Boston, Massachusetts


U.S. housing starts

Source: US Bureau of the Census

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‘Stick-built’ platform frame construction

The average cost of rough framing, sheathing, soffit, and door / window installation is as low as $8 per sq. ft.($16,000 for a 2,000 sq. ft. home)


‘Pre-fab’ platform frame construction


Move to 6-story multi-family

Source: WoodWorks

Library Square, Kamloops, BC, 2010

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Source: FPInnovations

Testing of 6-storey 2x4 construction in Japan


Source: Adera, Vancouver, BC

Residential, University of BC



Six story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: FPI, Quebec

Quebec, QC2010

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Six story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: FPI, Quebec

Concrete cores/walls to resist lateral loads

Glulam post & beam

+ Three levels of parking (concrete)


Five story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: Perkins + Will

Earth Sciences Building, UBC


Five story hybrid wood-concrete

Source: Perkins + Will

Earth Sciences Building, UBC

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Consumer reaction to Canadian softwoods



Cross laminated timber



Kobe-level seismic test


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‘Tall Buildings’

Source: Michael Green Architecture

Wood Innovation Design Centre, Prince George, BC


‘Tall buildings’

Source: Michael Green Architecture

“We are in a unique moment in architectural and building engineering history when shifting world needs has asked us to question some of the fundamentals of how we have built for the last century and how we will build in the next.”

Michael Green


Tall wood structures

Source: https://www.naturallywood.com

UBC Brock Commons

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Tall wood structures

UBC Brock Commons

Source: https://www.naturallywood.com


Eight-story condominium—Portland, Oregon

“ …made with mass timber that accountsfor 223 metric tons of avoided carbon dioxideemissions, while also storing 577 metric tonsof C02 in the wood itself. That’s theequivalent to taking 169 cars off the roadfor one year."

Source:


“It took 12,000 trees to make themanufactured structural elementsfor the building.”

Source: https://www. wpxi.com/news/tallest-timber-building-in-the-world-nears-completion/828246795

18-story high-rise—Norway

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“The state legislature earlier this year called on the Washington State Building Code Council adopt rules for CLT use when building residential and commercial buildings. The move represents ongoing efforts to bring CLT into mainstream use for residential and commercial construction, which would create commercial value for the small-diameter trees that are contributing to poor forestland health in Washington state.

It’s value was recognized by the stateDepartment of Natural Resources in its 20-year forest health plan as a way to minimize project costs”.

Source: TJ Martinell, July 2018

CLT as forest-management strategy


Tokyo 70-story building announced!

Sumitomo Forestry (90% wood, 10% steel)

Source: https://archinect.com/news/article/150050204/70-story-wooden-skyscraper-proposed-for-tokyo-could-become-world-s-tallest


Wood pellets

Source: www.pellet.org

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Bio-pathways

Source: http://fpac.ca/


Bio-pathways

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Industry transformation

Forest Industry Transformation (IFIT) program providessignificant industry support to help with the “valley of death”.

Source: http://cfs-scf.nrcan-rncan.gc.ca/selective-cuttings/51

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Life cycle assessments

Source: Athena Sustainable Materials Institute


Source: ThermoWood

Economic, environmental and social

Thermally modified wood


Wood-plastic composites

Source: Trex

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Plastic-wood composites


Chemically modified (acetylated) wood

Source: Accsys Technologies


Pulp-based hybrids

Source: https://www.dascanova.com/en/Home.html

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Light weight panels / partition walls


Wood fibre insulation

Source: http://www.gutex.de/en/Products/Installation_and_Product_Information/#

Steico, Actis, Pavatex, Gutex and others


Bio-plastics

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Biodiesel

Rudolf Diesel

Rudolf Diesel's designed his demonstrated engine in Germany in 1893 running on nothing but peanut oil.


Biodiesel


Biochemicals / bioproducts


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Star Trek replicator


3-D printing

Source: http://www.technewsworld.com/story/83035.html


3-D printing

Source: http://www.collective-evolution.com/2014/02/22/scientists-develop-giant-3d-printer-that-can-build-a-house-in-24-hours/

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4-D printing…. the addition of time

Source: http://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/


The 4th industrial revolution!

Source: https://www.simfactory.io/news/what-is-industry-4-0-and-how-did-we-get-here/

Aboriginal Capacity Building

B.C. Coast Carved Door Case Study

Chris Gaston, PhD

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Economic, environmental and social

Vancouver Airport. Susan A. Point, Musqueam, 1995. Western Red Cedar.

Opening Doors!


A partnership approach

62


WRC harvesting: Nuxalk Nation lands at Bella Coola, BC

63

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Nuxalk Nation WRC lumber milling and kiln drying

64


WRC edge-glued door panels: the canvas

65


Door carving at the Aboriginal Gathering Place, Emily Carr University of Art + Design

66

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Door carving at the Aboriginal Gathering Place, Emily Carr University of Art + Design


Carving instructor Xwalacktun (Squamish /Kwakwaka’wakw)

68


WRC door panels, near completion

69

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WRC door panels, near completion

70


WRC door panels, finished door

71


Yellow cedar door panels

72

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Ready for exhibition

73


Door panel scanning for CNC reproduction

74


The making of “limited edition prints”

75

UBC-CAWP CNC router

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Opening Doors exhibition in Vancouver


Opening Doors, the Roundhouse, Yaletown


Opening Doors exhibition in Vancouver

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Wood Innovation and DesignCentre, Sept 18, 2015


UNECE / European Forestry Week, Nov 02-06, 2015


BC Tech Summit, Jan 18-19, 2016

81

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Parliament Building, Ottawa


BC Wood Global Buyers Mission


Media attention

84

http://www.ctvnews.ca/entertainment/aboriginal-artists-carve-out-new-market-with-high-tech-tool-1.2817434

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Governor General visit March 03, Aboriginal Gathering Place, Emily Carr University of Art + Design


Japan Home Show

86


Robot technology (CAWP)

87

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3-D carving


Questions?

Chris Gaston

[email protected]

+1 604 827 1417

Documents

Gaston Renaissance WOOD 120 2018 - University of British ...swatts.sites.olt.ubc.ca/Files/2018/11/Gaston-Renaissance-FRST-547-2018.pdf–Product and system evolution / revolution