Fast Pyrolysis Oil Production in Connection to CHP Production in

Joensuu, Finland

Metso Power Oy

Erkki Välimäki

© Metso 2

R&D – Metso Power Business Line

© Metso

Metso supplies a bio-oil production plant to Fortum Joensuu power plant in Finland

Fuel receiving,

drying and

crushing station

Pyrolyzer unit inside

the boiler building

Bio-oil recovery unit

Bio-oil tanks

Metso DNA

automation system

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Existing fluidized

bed boiler plant

Demonstration plant will produce bio-oil

from forest residue

• Bio-oil capacity 30 MW

• Annual production 50 000 t, 210 GWh

• Forest residue usage 225 000 solid-m3/year

© Metso

First pyrolysis process for bio-oil production Fortum, Joensuu, Finland

Demonstration plant to produce

bio oil, by pyrolysis, from forest

residue and other biomasses

Bio oil will be used to replace

heavy fuel oil

Annual production 50,000 tons

from 225,000 m3 of forest

residue and sawdust

Helps reduce CO2 emissions by

59,000 tons per year

Reduces sulphur emission by

320 tons per year

Turnkey delivery, start-up in

autumn 2013

Fuel receiving,

drying and

crushing

Pyrolyzer

in the boiler

building

Bio-oil recovery

Bio-oil tanks

4

© Metso

Cost efficient bio-oil production concept

Integrated pyrolysis

• Bio-oil production is integrated with the

fluidized bed boiler

• Fluidized bed sand is used as heat transfer

media

• Dried and crushed forest residue is pyrolyzed

in the reactor beside the boiler furnace in the

absence of oxygen at about 500 °C in few

seconds

• Product gas is condensed to bio-oil

• Sand and coke from the wood is returned to

the boiler

• Coke and non-condensible gas are burned in

the boiler and the heat is utilized for electricity

and district heat production 5

© Metso

Bio-oil production technology

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Metso DNA automation system High pressure steam Turbine

Electricity

Non-condensible gas

District heat

Condenser Crusher

Drying

Sand and

coke 500 ºC

Sand

800 ºC

Forest residue

Fluidized bed boiler Pyrolyzer Bio-oil

© Metso

Bio-oil production phases From wood to bio-oil

• < 10 % moisture Drying

• < 5 mm particle size Crushing

• Fast heat transfer

• Controlled temperature (500°C)

• Short residence time (< 2s)

Fast pyrolysis

• Separation of gas and solids Solids

separation

• Fast and efficient gas condensing

Bio-oil recovery

7

© Metso

Bio-oil characteristics

• Heating value (LHV) 13-18 MJ/kg,

i.e. about half of LHV of heavy fuel oil

• Water content 20-35 weight-%

• Viscosity between that of light and

heavy fuel oil

• Acidic, pH 2-3

• Density about 1.2 kg/l

• Immiscible with mineral oils

• Can be used instead of heavy fuel oil

• In the future also as raw material for

chemical industry or for biodiesel

production

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Bio-oil W

eig

ht-

%

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Aldehydes, ketones

Acids

'Sugars'

Water

Extractives

Lignin

Fossil oil

Fossil hydrocarbons

© Metso

Biomass can replace liquid fossil fuels

v

Fast pyrolysis Heat and power

generation

Biomass

Bunker oil

Bio oil

Decomposition of biomass in

the absence of oxygen at

temperature levels of about

500 C for only a few seconds

Liquid transportation

fuel

Upgrading

© Metso

Bio-oil production technology is based on Finnish development work

• Metso, UPM and VTT have developed integrated

pyrolysis since 2007. Fortum joined the development

project in 2009.

• Target is to produce biofuel from domestic forest

residue to replace fossil oil

• Integrated pyrolysis combines bio-oil production and

use of side products, coke and non-condensible gas,

for production of electricity and heat

• Pilot plant started up in Tampere, Finland in 2009, until

now over 100 tons bio-oil has been produced

• Funding from Tekes* BioRefine program *(The Finnish Funding Agency for Technology and Innovation)

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© Metso