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Present and future

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IGS Ionospheric products

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Andrzej Krankowski, Manuel Hernández-Pajares,

Joachim Feltens Attila Komjathy Stefan Schaer

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Alberto García-Rigo, Pawel Wielgosz

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OutlineG

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Introduction

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IGS IONO WG activities

Current performance of IGS global TEC maps

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Updates and future plans

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Summary

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IntroductionInternational GNSS Service - IGSG

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IGS directly manages ~400 permanent GNSS stations

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observing 4-12 satellites at 30 s rate: more than 250,000 STEC observations/hour worldwide, but there is lack of

stations at some areas (e g over the oceans)I

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stations at some areas (e.g., over the oceans)

IGS IONO WG activities

Th IGS I h W ki

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The IGS Ionosphere Working groupstarted its activities in June 1998 withthe main goal of a routinelyproducing IGS Global TEC maps.

The IGS ionosphere product is aresult of the combination of TECmaps derived by different AnalysisCenters by using weights

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This is being done now with a latencyof 11 days (final product) and with alatency of less than 24 hours (rapid

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Centers by using weightscomputed by Validation Center, inorder to get a more accurateproduct.

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GNSS data

JASONTEC dataThis has been done under the

direct responsibility of the

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IGSIonosphere

Analysis Centers IGS

Ionosphere

CODEESAJPLUPC

d po b y oIono-WG chairmans:

1. Dr Joachim Feltens, ESA1998–2002,

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Validation Center

IGSIonosphere UPC

,

2. Dr Manuel Hernández-Pajares, UPC, 2002–2007

3 Dr Andrzej KrankowskiI

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IGSIonosphere

CombinationCenter

pMaps

UWM

UPC3. Dr. Andrzej Krankowski,UWM, 2008-

Determining VTEC in a global network: main problem: lack of data - South and Oceans

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upIt can be seen thatthe typical “holes” appearing at the first

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stage of the global maps computation (each 2 hours). This requires an optimum

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spatial-temporal interpolation technique to cover all the

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Lack of data over the equatorial Africa and Atlantic and inI

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Lack of data over the equatorial Africa and Atlantic, and in part over equatorial and southern Pacific, hamper the detection of the equatorial anomalies (June 13, 2004).

Example of IGS Final GIM: 2010-141 DOYTEC map

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idi ( t 2 h 5

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deg. x 2.5 deg in UT x Lon. xLat.), weights and external(altimetry-derived) TEC data.

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RMS map

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UWM) has produced theIGS TEC maps in IONEXformat.

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Units: TECU

Example of IGS RAPID GIM: 2010-141 DOYTEC maps RMS maps

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TEC maps RMS maps

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Units: 0.1 TECUs

The IONEX format bodyG

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1 START OF TEC MAP 2004 4 27 0 0 0 EPOCH OF CURRENT MAP87.5-180.0 180.0 5.0 450.0 LAT/LON1/LON2/DLON/H

123 123 123 124 125 125 126 126 126 126 126 126 125 125 125 128125 125 125 126 126 125 124 124 124 124 124 123 123 122 122 121120 120 119 118 118 118 118 118 117 117 116 116 115 114 114 113

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120 121 121 122 123 123 123 123 12385.0-180.0 180.0 5.0 450.0 LAT/LON1/LON2/DLON/H

129 129 130 131 132 132 133 133 134 134 134 134 134 134 134 136135 136 130 129 129 129 128 128 128 127 126 124 123 122 121 120119 118 117 117 117 117 116 116 115 115 114 113 112 111 110 109109 110 109 109 109 110 111 111 112 112 113 113 115 116 117 118

The IONEX(IONosphere interEX h ) f t

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120 122 123 125 126 127 128 129 129...

-87.5-180.0 180.0 5.0 450.0 LAT/LON1/LON2/DLON/H87 88 88 90 90 91 92 93 93 94 94 95 94 93 91 8987 86 85 84 83 82 81 81 80 80 79 78 78 78 77 7776 76 76 75 75 76 77 77 76 79 79 79 80 81 82 83

EXchange) format allows to store the VTEC and its error estimates in a grid

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...

...13 END OF TEC MAP

gformat.

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1 START OF RMS MAP 2004 4 27 0 0 0 EPOCH OF CURRENT MAP87.5-180.0 180.0 5.0 450.0 LAT/LON1/LON2/DLON/H7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 68 8 8 6 6 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 66 6 7 7 7 6 7 6 6 7 7 7 7 8 8 9I

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10 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 77 6 6 7 6 7 6 6 7

...13 END OF RMS MAP

END OF FILE

Overall validation of VTEC maps during more than 10 years of IGS Iono WG operations

Example of comparison of IGS vs JASON: 2003-347

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01-03UT 07-09UT

U it 10 TECU

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Red: Jason-1 TEC

Green: IGS final TEC

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JASON dual frequency altimeter provides a direct and i d d t VTEC

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13-15UT 19-21UT

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Overall validation of VTEC maps during more than 10 years of IGS Iono WG operations

E l ti f Gl b l El t C t t d i th 10

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Evolution of Global Electron Content during more than 10years of IGS final VTEC maps

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Global Electron Content evolution Global Electron Content evolution

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during the availability of IGS Ionospheric products, since June 1998 (source: Final IGS VTEC maps).

during the availability of IGS Ionospheric products, vs. Solar Flux, Ap index and Xray flux, since June 1998.I

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IGS IONEX usage statistics for both final (IGSG) and rapid (IGRG) VTEC maps

80,000

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40,000

50,000

60,000

70,000

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10,000

20,000

30,000

,GSFC.NAS

AIGS rapid IONEX

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250,000

0

2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

m CDDIS.G

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100,000

150,000

200,000

wnloa

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IGS final IONEX

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100,000

# do

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2005 2006 2007 2008 2009

Current updatesCurrent updates and future plans of IGS IWGand future plans of IGS IWG

The following actions to be considered:

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The following actions to be considered:

- Higher temporal resolution < 1 hour (asap)

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- since October 2009 UPC and ESA have provide predicted maps

bi d d t t b t t d ( d f 2010)

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- The old procedures have been rewritten (perl) and currently running in parallel

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running in parallel

-Cooperation with International Reference Ionosphere (IRI)

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- Cooperation with National Central University (Taiwan) on application of COSMIC occultation data

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- Space Weather monitoring over polar regions

Comparison of IRI Global TEC maps with IGS final GIMs

IRI IGS IONEX 2001

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IGS IONEX - IRI (TECU) IGS IONEX - IRI (%)

TECU TECU

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TECU %

Comparison of IRI Global TEC maps with IGS final GIMs

IRI IGS IONEX 2008

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TECU TECU

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IGS IONEX - IRI (TECU) IGS IONEX - IRI (%)

TECU TECU

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TECU %TECU %

FORMOSAT-3/COSMICG

roup • FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC

Constellation was launch at 01 40 UTC A il 14 2006

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(Taiwan Time: April 15 2006) at Vandenberg Air Force Base, CA Minotaur Launch

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• Maneuvered into six different bit l l (i li ti 72°)

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• All satellites are in good health and providing science d tI

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data.

Occultation locations for COSMIC, 24 Hrs (28.03.2008)G

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Comparison of IRI profiles with COSMIC and ionosonde data (DIAS)

1000

19.06.07 08.19 UT601000

18.03.07 13.51 UT60

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1000cosmicionosondeIRI 2007

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800cosmicionosondeIRI 2007

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Ne·105 el/cm30 1 2 30

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-10 0 10 2030

Ne·105 el/cm3

1000cosmic

19.06.07 08.39 UT60

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cosmic

21.06.07 15.29 UT60

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1000cosmicionosondeIRI 2007

17.12.07 01.32 UT60

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1000cosmicionosondeIRI 2007

21.09.07 19.45 UT60

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0 1 2 30

-10 0 10 2030

Ne·105 el/cm3 0 1 2 30

-10 0 10 2030

Ne·105 el/cm3

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Ne·105 el/cm30 1 2 3

0-10 0 10 20

30 Ne·105 el/cm3

Ex. Geomagnetic Disturbance in October 2008G

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6

9

16.6

23.0

23.3

17.4

8.2

6.4

3.0

2.7

0.6

4.7

30.2

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15.1

5.6

14.8

7.0

2.6

1.0

15.4

6.3

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x a)

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25Juliusruh (54, 13)DRES (51, 13)

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0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 1808 09 10 11 12 13

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TECU

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October 2008

1211-15 UT9 TECU 0

51015202530

Athens (38, 23)ORID (41, 20)

TECU

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TEC

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9 TECU 0 6 12 180

0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 18 0 6 12 1808 09 10 11 12 13

Diurnal variations of TEC (red line) overDRES and ORID IGS GPS stations. Thecrossed line indicates variations of

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crossed line indicates variations of(foF2)2/3 over Juliusruh and Athensionosondes. Blue line corresponds to theaverage TEC variation

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Comparison F3/COSMIC electron densitywith IGS final TEC maps

9 October 2008 – quiet day 11 October 2008 – disturbed day

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9 October 2008 – quiet day 11 October 2008 – disturbed day

12 UT

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Comparison F3/COSMIC electron densitywith IGS final TEC maps

9 October 2008 – quiet day 11 October 2008 – disturbed day

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9 October 2008 – quiet day 11 October 2008 – disturbed day14 UT

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Space Weather monitoring over polar regionsG

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High latitude TEC fluctuations

For fast detecting phase fluctuation occurrence the rate of TEC

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ROT = 9.52  1016 el/m (i ‐ k) 

(dTEC/dt) is more preferred:

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ki ‐ differential carrier phase sample with 30 sec interval

t = tk – t i= 1 min.

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As a measure of ionospheric activity we used also the Rate of TEC Index(ROTI) based on standard deviation of ROT:

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Oval of irregularitiesquiet daydisturbed day

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di t b d d di t b d di t d

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Summary of Summary of IonoIono WG activitiesWG activitiesG

roup 1. Long series of IGS VTEC maps offers a very good source of

information about the ionosphere with high spatial and temporal resolution

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2. Future improvements are determined by users’ requirements (the number of users has significantly increased during the last 10 years)

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A good example is the recent interest of ESA SMOS mission in using IGS final and predicted VTEC maps

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4. COSMIC occultation data gives a new opportunity to study/model the ionosphere and to validate IGS TEC maps

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Summary of Summary of IonoIono WG activitiesWG activitiesG

roup 5. A long time series of accurate global VTEC values are freely

available since 1998 for scientific or technical use, with

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product). Thanks to the cooperative effort developed within the IGS framework and the international scientific

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evolution during the next years, sensitive to both new user needs and scientific achievements.

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