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FUTURE PERFECTIssue #4: May '12
send comments to [email protected]
Introduction by the EditorMark Dallas
Struggling to eat HealthilyFuyu Hsieh
Struggling against the SystemJulia Chraïti-Martin
Struggling to be BeautifulInYoung Ham
Struggling to Find your WayTamires Criscio
What is Jihad?Salem Rady
Where your money went/is going
Credits
An Advertisementabout Advertising
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4
6
10
13
16
18
19
20
2 19
english through journalism 05-12
authors
Fuyu Hsieh
InHoung Ham
Julia Chraïti-Martin
Tamires Criscio
Salem Rady
cover concept, photography,
post production & design
Mark Dallas
content layout & design
Tamires Criscio
editor
Mark Dallas
send feedback to
18
Where your money went...
The January 2012 Journalism Class managed to raise a total of $202 by selling
Issue 3 of Future Perfect (nearly all were sold on the day of publication).
The entire proceeds were donated to the Toronto-based charity Evergreen.
If you have any ideas for content or charities for future issues of Future
Perfect, contact us at [email protected]
Left to Right: Journalism student Mariana Pedrosa, Evergreen Coordinator Jaime Klein and Future Perfect Editor/Journalism Teacher Mark Dallas handing over the cash at Evergreen Brickworks.
Evergreen Brickworks is a breathtaking place that makes you feel as if you
are in the countryside eventhough you’re still in Toronto. Don’t take my
word for it! Go and see for yourself: ebw.evergreen.ca/visit/getting-here
...and where it’s going...For information about where the money for this issue is going, turn to the
back cover.
3
Introduction by the Editor
Mark Dallas
If you’re an ILSC student,
you’re most likely struggling
with a number of things: how
to get along with new people
from other countries, how to keep
talking English around the school/
avoid getting (more) yellow cards,
how to remember and apply the
things your teacher taught you
today.
If you’re a teacher, you’re
probably struggling with how to
help your students remember and
apply the things you taught them
today.
If you use the TTC every day,
you’ll know what a struggle it can
be just getting to where you want to
be while struugling against the urge
to hurt those fellow commuters
who jostle you with their bags
and insist on squeezing onto your
already-crowded train eventhough
there’ll be another one along in 2
minutes.
If you ride a bike or a skateboard,
you probably know what a struggle
it is to avoid getting injured (or
even murdered) by car drivers.
Car drivers often struggle
against the urge to answer that call
or send that urgent text message
while caught in rush-hour traffi c
or while gliding through fl ashing
cross-walks, oblivious to the
pedestrians about to cross.
Every article in this issue is
about a kind of struggle. I hope
you don’t fi nd it a struggle to enjoy
reading them.
Have any comments, criticisms
or compliments? Please send them to
Struggle, a gum bichromate photograph by Robert Demachy
4
Struggling to eat Healthily
Fuyu Hsieh
Nowadays people like
do things fast due
to having a busy
lifestyle: they walk
fast, eat fast, and talk fast, then
they also want things to be fast.
Fast food became one of the
favourites on the “fast” list. When you walk to frozen
food section in a grocery store, you
will see different kinds of people
stand in front of the freezer. Some
of them are students, some are
housewives, and some are “nine-
to-fi vers (people who work from
9 till 5)”. Most of them have no
time to cook or don’t know how,
but they also want to have meat,
vegetables and rice or noodles in
every meal and want to be healthy
and eat normal food. Therefore,
ready meals become their priority.
They seem to be very healthy and
easy to prepare as they only take
7-10 minutes to heat up, but this
kind of frozen food contains a lot of
sodium. People sometimes read the
nutritional facts on the packages,
but, even though they know they
are taking an overdoes of sodium
from each meal — increasing the
potential for having high blood
pressure—they still choose them
because of convenience.
Six years ago, Jamie Oliver,
a famous British chef, advocated
improving school lunches in the
UK. He went to several schools and
asked students if they recognized
the vegetables and meat before they
were cooked. Also, he went to the
kitchens in cafeterias, while dinner
ladies were heating up chicken
nuggets one bag after another,
and taking instant desserts out of
the freezer. He was disappointed
by what he saw, because children
should eat healthier and fresher
food, especially while they are
growing up. Jamie was the fi rst
person who innovated school
171. Jihad an-nafs (jihad against
one’s self) is of four kinds: a.
Striving to learn the teachings of
Islam, b. Striving to make oneself
act in accordance with what one has
learned, c. Striving to call others
to Islam, teaching those who do
not know about it, and d. Striving
to bear patiently the diffi culties
involved in calling people to Allah
and the insults of people, bearing
all that for the sake of Allah.
2. Jihad ash-Shaytan (jihad
against Satan) is of two types: a.
Warding off the doubts that Satan
stirs up to undermine faith, and b.
Striving against Satan to ward off
the corrupt desires that he provokes.
The fi rst jihad is followed by
certainty of faith, and the second
is followed by patience. Patience
wards off desires, and certainty
wards off doubts.
3. Jihad against the munafi qin
(hypocrites) and the kuffar
(disbelievers) is of four kinds:
with the heart, the tongue, one’s
wealth and oneself. Jihad against
the disbelievers is more along the
lines of physical fi ghting when
ordered by a ruler or in defense, for
example, when an enemy has come
and attacked a Muslim land. On the
other hand, jihad against hypocrites
is more along the lines of using
words and ideas.
Each one of us is struggling in
this world. Now, by writing about
this issue, I can consider myself a
mujahid without a Kalashnikov or a
beard and without ever having shed
blood .
An atypical image of a mujahid
A parody book cover taken from
Uncyclopedia’s ‘jihad!’ page. It relies upon
common stereotypical ideas associated with
Muslim fundamentalism.
16
What is the image you see in
your mind when you hear the word
‘jihad’? A man with a big beard,
carrying a Kalashnikov? A woman
wearing a scarf over her face? If
so, it’s time to learn what a real
mujahid is.
Jihad, an Islamic term, is a
religious duty of Muslims. In
Arabic, the word translates as a
noun meaning “struggle”. A person
engaged in jihad is called a mujahid,
the plural being mujahideen.
Jihad is one of the 10 practices of
the religion. Moreover, the concept
can be traced back to the words and
actions of Muhammad the prophet
and the Quran (the holy book
for Muslims). It, however, never
uses the term jihad for fi ghting or
combat in the name of Allah (the
Arabic name for God); ‘qital’ is
used to mean “fi ghting.”
Jihad in the Quran was originally
intended for the nearby neighbours
of the Muslims, but as time passed
and more enemies arose, the Quranic
statements supporting jihad were
updated for the new adversaries.
The best of jihad.
During the Arab spring of
2010-11, many peaceful
demonstrations in Arab countries
faced violence and gunfi re by their
government's regimes. The gunfi re
encouraged the protests and then
turned them into revolutions, based
on their strong faith of what is
called "the best of jihad", which had
been encouraged by the words of
their prophet, Muhammad : “The
best Jihad is the word of Justice in
front of the oppressive Sultan” .
Kinds of al-jihad:
Jihad has three kinds: jihad an-
nafs (against one’s self), jihad ash-
Shaytan (against Satan) and jihad
against hypocrites.
What is Jihad?
Salem Rady
The typical image of mujahideen
5
lunches fi rst in the U.K, then in
the United States. Before he did
this, the rate of kids who are under
12 sick due to unbalanced diet
was dramatically increasing from
1999 to 2006 according to a report
from AAP (American Academy
Pediatric).
Research in the U.S. said
Chinese people had changed their
eating habits. For example, Chinese
people used to cook by boiling and
steaming, and ate low-fat food.
However, it changed into stir-
frying, deep-fat frying and other
food containing a lot of fat. By
using these cooking styles, there are
about 230 million people in China
dying every year from having high
blood pressure, usually caused, of
course, by taking too much sodium.
There are more and more
people who focus on healthy
eating; they think spending more
money on buying food and more
time on eating a meal are good for
themselves. Some food is cooked
in a delicate way, and is sold for a
high price. Despite this, during the
process of cooking, the nutrition
has either gone or been reduced.
After World War, there was a
food shortage. In countries, like
Switzerland, Norway, Denmark,
and the UK, the governments gave
people grains that were used to feed
poultry and farm animals and they
found out eating this unprocessed
food decreased the death rate and
people were healthier than before.
In Taiwan, McDonald’s
has noticed that many people tried
to change their life style and watch
what they eat. In order to attract
more customers to purchase the
products, McDonald’s has started
to print nutritional facts on the
packages of french fries, chicken
nuggets, and the wraps of burgers,
which shows they do care about
customers’ health.
But think twice, do they really
care? If they do, why do they keep
serving you processed meat? It is
like telling you a glass of wine is
good for you. But remember, wine
is just another sugar liquid.
The responsibility of
taking good care of ourselves is
still on the individual. For those
people who try to eat something
fresh but have time limited, you
are lucky! Jamie Oliver has a
program called 30-minutes Meals
that teaches people how to cook a
3-dish (even more) meal in half an
hour. Sometimes the time is even
shorter. It’s different now than in
the past when you had to stay in the
kitchen for many hours and prepare
the food for the family or your
friends. You will have more time
to spend with your loved ones and
still enjoy the food. The TV show
is really helpful and creative. So
which one do you want to choose?
To keep having your regular daily
routine, or change your life style
after reading this?
For more information and
recipes from 30-minute Meals go
to: http://www.jamieoliver.com/tv-
books/jamies-30-minute-meals
6
I’ll always remember my
return from Cuba. After 15
days of vacation, There
I was, back to my lovely
daily routine. Bag on my
shoulder, smile on my face, I
took the good old subway again.
Wriggling and elbowing my
way, I fi nally got into the sweaty
mob. A high-pitch sound softly
caressed my eardrum, while a
woman looking as welcoming
as a starving pitbull stared at
me. I always had a fondness for
a warm atmosphere, but I was
starting to ask myself why and
how I was putting up with this.
I sat and, remembering good
manners, avoided eye contact. I
started looking at the wall. Now I
was held captive by advertisement
after advertisement. The more my
eyes wandered, the more I started
feeling claustrophobic : I just realized
that I couldn’t escape any of these,
not now, not ever. Store fl oors, gas
pumps, washroom stalls, elevator
walls, park benches, telephones,
even fruit was covered in ads!
I was feeling stuck, powerless.
My heart was beating and my mind
screaming to death, “We’ve been
fooled! Freedom is nowhere.”
I went out of the subway station
to Dundas Square. It got worse .
Wherever I go, I will always have
to choose between the last X-box
or the newest Wii Karaoke, the
big dilemma between imitating
the great intellectual refi nement of
Britney Spears or the unparalleled
artistic talent of Justin Bieber, anti-
aging cream or slimming pills,
Coke or Sprite, Domino’s or Pizza
Hut. Stuck, stuck, stuck!
I started asking myself if this
wasn’t a form of violence. Don’t
we experience violence in our
daily lives? This reality of a totally
hypertrophic social phenomenon,
Struggling against the SystemJulia Chraïti-Martin
15
happy, or we can be happier with
the essentials? We must nurture
self-control.
What kind of job will help
you to create a happier life?
Maybe working with plants,
creating furniture, painting
walls, organizing warehouses,
giving people information, being
a fi refi ghter, a hairdresser, a
philosopher. No matter what your
abilities are, you need to be a
projector of your own image, not
just a refl ection of the images that
others create. It is about creating
the life you want to live.
Some people already knew
early what they wanted to do with
their lives, but for most people,
knowing what you want is not
easy. Some university students
say: "It’s a question of timing. I
had to choose my degree too early.
I was 18 years old. I didn’t know
anything about life, myself or the ng about life, myself or the
work market. Now I am attached to
a degree that I am not that sure that
I like that much." This is one of the
problems that students need to face
and, depending on the career choice,
can be more or less complicated to
change your area of study.
These days we’ll hear, "I studied
a lot, and I was the top of my class,
but I am still afraid of not fi nding
a good job. Everybody is doing the
same thing: we struggle to get into
university, we struggle to graduate
and all this for what? To compete, to
get a job in a chain to be underpaid?
Something is really wrong."
So how is this going to change?
We need to take responsibility and
stop accepting the majority option.
Self-discipline and thinking for
ourselves. It’s two ways to start
to change, to move in another
direction.
14
A teacher is thought better than a
taxi driver. Capitalist society puts
teachers in a better position than
taxi drivers, a profession often
considered to be for ‘losers’, for
people that are uneducated and not
ambitious in life. In this way some
professions are stigmatized.
So our work will defi ne who we
are. If we look up the word work
in the dictionary, there are a lot
of meanings. But what this word
represents in our daily lives will
defi ne our lifestyles—whom we are
going to meet. Work is everything.
For the way that society has
been created, to fi nd a good job,
we need to go to university and
choose a good degree. And even
the government prefer that people
study business rather than liberal
arts, sociology, philosophy or
history. It pushes us in the ‘right’
direction, in a corporate way to
make money.
And all this is about status and
greed. We use this money to buy
stuff that we don't need and live the
lives that capitalism told us to live.
We go with the fl ow; we are ships.
We go to work, we start a family,
and we buy property.
All this pressure and expectation
makes us ward-working slaves,
giving ourselves the best, waking
up earlier and going to bed only
after getting all our work done
and beating the competition. We
struggle to construct our careers
and to have a certain lifestyle.
Many people have to have more
than one job and be self-employed
to achieve their goals: the right car,
house, clothes and vacations. And
if there is a fi nancial crisis, many
people don’t survive because they
think it better to be dead than poor
at a lower level of the capitalist
pyramid.
So what we can do? How we
should live our lives? This answer
only you can give. Our biggest
challenge in our lifetimes is to
choose and to know what we want.
We need to re-evaluate our needs
and stop following the herd, and we
must create our own opportunities
by thinking for ourselves. Do we
really need that much stuff to be
7
the large privatisation of our urban
space is real aggression that we
have to face every single day. In
addition to the abusive methods of
its domination, we can denounce
the pernicious message that
advertisements give us, modifying
every value in consumer durables.
Consumption is transformed in
a way to resolve every single
problem, making us believe that we
will fi nd a personality and identity
in each brand. The system treats
us not as human beings anymore
but only as producing ability. Isn’t
that violent as well? Or even the
structure obligating us to make only
profi t and accumulation?
It may be a good idea to start
deciding on our own what is brutal
or not. Black blocs may be the fi rst
element we need to rethink. A black
bloc is one strategy that is often
used during a protest, in which
symbols of capitalism such as
banks, multinational corporations
(Starbucks, Gap, etc.) and
institutional buildings are targeted.
Even if black blocs become violent,
they may be less violent than
capitalism itself fi nally.
Many of us understood after
opening our eyes and looking at
the world outside that capitalism
isn’t the solution. Inequality,
environmental problems, and
economic crises are increasing
every day. We have seen politics
trying to conciliate humanisation
and limitation to a wild capitalism
always asking for more deregulation,
more free trade, more stock market,
and more privatisation, but we are
all still waiting for the big change.
The more reasonable ones among
us talk about ‘degrowth’ and ethics,
others about revolution, trying to
explain that we can’t reform a system
thathas already driven us to the wall.
The opponents yell at the Bolshevik
propagandists, assuring us that there
is nothing else other than capitalism.
8
This is exactly where capitalist
domination is: entertaining the
illusion that this system is the only
one possible, that adapting ourselves
to this ideology means being adapted
to the world as it is, and as it should
be and will always be.
Is it really utopian to think that
the economy and the market should
serve the advantage of collectivity?
That the fi nality of economy
shouldn’t be the unlimited
extension of merchandise, but the
satisfaction of everyone’s vital
needs? Dreaming about another
world became a crime unanimously
doomed. We should see that the real
crime is to contribute, consciously
or not, to the madness of the
actual economic organization. The
insanity is the system we are living
in today.
We buy merchandise that forges
another link in our chain every
time. Our work is becoming ever
more alienating. Because people are
afraid of change, accepting without
question, this life built for us seems
to be the only option. Are we so
enslaved that we can’t even contest
against our own exploitation? The
idea that our system is the best one
is anchored to the modern media
and public opinion, and therefore
we are resigned to acceptance.
What other solution do we have
anyway? Revolution? Revolution is
for violent and uneducated people,
weird and unemployed maybe.
Revolution is anarchy, anarchy
is chaos, and chaos is violence.
But did you ever take the time
to think about what those words
mean? Are you turned off by the
words anarchy, communism, black
bloc, and revolution voluntarily or
because society wants you to be?
After all it’s easy to call
everything into question, but what
is the solution? The capitalism
we experience today is clearly
not it, we got it. So what about
communism? The fall of the Berlin
Wall remains for many a symbol
of the failure of communism. In
fact, the end of the Wall doesn’t
show the failure of communism,
but the failure of a bureaucratic
and totalitarian system, and we
should welcome it. I truly believe
that there was nothing to save in
Stalinism. It was condemnable in
13
Since we were born
our lives have been
determined by the
values of the societies
to which we belong. Our parents
and families are going to expect
something depending on how
they lived their lives. So if that
family is rich, we are going to
have a good education and it
will be expected of us to keep
the family rich. If the family is
neither rich nor poor, we will be
expected to become richer and
achieve more than our parents
have. And if the family is poor
we’ll be expected to survive in
the best way that we can. In a capitalist society, to choose a
career is to choose the place that we
are going to occupy in that society.
If we want to be rich, it is better
to make the right choice: being
a doctor, being a lawyer, being a
scientist or being an engineer. To
be successful, we need to get into a
profession that opens the right door
to success. This is what the media
have taught to generations that keep
capitalism on track. A lot of times,
we don't follow our dreams—our
vocations—and instead we choose
a career that will bring us money
and status.
Why do we prefer status over the
lives that we were meant to live?
Why do we renegade our talents
to be sitting in offi ce cubicles with
small windows (if we’re lucky!)?
Because of status! Because
capitalism is a society of image!
Because we need to show more than
to be! We need to prove that we are
successful: that we are on the right
road. We follow role models: those
considered successful and jobs that
bring more status.
Thinking in this way, it doesn’t
matter if a taxi driver and a teacher
make the same amount of money.
Tamires Criscio
Struggling to fi nd your Way
12
of plastic surgery and, of course,
many of these huge companies
are headquartered in Europe and
the United States. Since cosmetic
surgery makes a lot of money, they
encourage people to have it.
Recently, a couple of companies
started to advertise their products
to the masses rather than doctors
in South Korea. One of them
employed a celebrity famous for her
TV show that introduces cosmetics
and beauty tips. Consumers have
been interested in this product and
call it by her name.
We didn’t decide our standards
of beauty, and we didn’t choose the
surgery by ourselves. As Western
culture distorts our ideas of beauty,
and companies incite our desires,
we cannot be satisfi ed with our
own appearance whoever we are.
We will lose our self-confi dence
without artifi cial operations.
Children will have low self-esteem
because of what they have received
from their parents. Even so, we
cannot have their faces, even if we
get plastic surgery a hundred times.
Then what can be done to bring
the return of our own standards of
beauty? We have faced Western
culture and accepted the criteria
from our childhood. Therefore, it is
important to educate our children.
At home, parents can talk to their
kids about what is beautiful. At
school, teachers can make classes
to teach and discuss about various
kinds of beauty. In society, we
can organize NGOs and carry on
campaigns. Advertising may also
be helpful to arouse public opinion.
No matter how strongly I say
that this is because of the effect of
dominant foreign infl uences and the
business abilities of multinational
companies, you cannot be one of
them: it’s you who decides whether
or not to get plastic surgery. If
you’ve made up your mind, I can’t
stop you. But, please consider at
least one more time whether this is
your true desire or the infl uence of
others.
Another sucker goes under the knife
9
all its components, and it was a
good thing for civilization that this
system died. However, 1989 was
the defeat not of communism but
of Stalinism, a system that relied
only on repression and a sprawling
bureaucracy, impeding the idea of a
free society.
Stalinism’s failure doesn’t
bring into question the basic idea
of communism. It’s the way that
the Soviet Union and its satellites
applied its principles that failed.
However/anyhow, considering
that capitalism can’t resolve
the economic and ecological
contradictions, the only logical
outcome is the end of a world
managed by the blind search for
profi t. Communism, that is to say
Marxist communism, includes
things wider than the Bolshevik
party.
There are other types of
experiments, such as the Commune
de Paris in 1871. Certainly, it lasted
only two months, but its system
of organization, the democracy
that it had settled, offered an
image of communism different
from what took place in Russia.
All the experiments in the 20th
century ended in failure, and
hope disappeared, even though
communism remains in the current
events of the world, rising under
the shape of anti-globalization and
a new internationalism.
The real struggle of people is to
fi nd a system where the economy
is taken over and regulated by
the government, where natural
resources and the benefi ts of work
are redistributed on an equal basis
among everyone and not reserved
for the minority, ever-decreasing
and ever-greedy, a system where
politics become again everyone’s
concern, ensuring to all access
to food, health, education and
happiness.
And this is the fi rst meaning of
the word communism: common,
the pooling of goods, and it shows
us the path to take. This text is not
an apology for communism, but we
need to get rid of our stereotype
and stop seeing Stalinism and
communism as being the same
thing. Stalin’s paranoia and warped
vision of communism killed 20
million people.. Nevertheless,
democracy and communism are
compatible.
Just read the Manifesto of the
Communist Party, and you’ll see
that the original idea of Karl Marx is
greater than you had ever imagined.
10
Imagine that you ride a bus to
your school or work. When
the bus passes a hospital,
suddenly a commercial
comes from speakers inside the
bus. The advertisement says,
‘You can be beautiful! We are
the best plastic surgeons. Please
come to our clinic.’ Is this situation normal? If you
live in Seoul, yes, it is. Tracing
where the bus is with GPS,
broadcasting advertising suitable
for each neighborhood, and
someone saying that you are ugly
so you need some artifi cial changes
are all too normal in South Korea
Nowadays, many South Koreans
get plastic surgery. The media even
state, ‘South Korea is the republic
of cosmetic surgery’. People—
mostly women—yearn to have
double eyelid surgery (also known
as blepharoplasty) in order to make
their eyes appear bigger. Also
common are operations to heighten
the bridge of the nose (rhinoplasty)
and sharpen the jawline. Most
patients are in their early 20s. Such
operations have also become very
common with high school students.
Struggling to be Beautiful
In South Korea, we can be
exposed to advertising about plastic
surgeons everywhere. If you go to
the street, you will see a billboard.
If you take the subway, you will
see a poster on the wall inside the
train. When you read a magazine,
listen to the radio, and surf the
Internet, there are advertisements
for cosmetic enhancement.
These commercials whisper
to me that it is the best and only
way to become beautiful. So
I unconsciously imagine my
appearance with bigger eyes even
though I have my own natural
double eyelids.
Right after I arrived in Toronto,
I talked to a Brazilian friend about
cosmetic surgery. She wondered
why South Koreans would want
to do such a thing. I told her that
many South Koreans would like
to have bigger eyes because it
is beautiful to us. However, she
couldn’t understand that. She said
that many Brazilians also have
cosmetic surgery, but they wish to
have bigger breasts and hips. After
this conversation, I wondered why
South Koreans think it is beautiful
to have ‘Western’ eyes.
InYoung Ham
11
Why do South Koreans get
surgery? The answer is simple. It’s
because being more ‘fashionably’
beautiful makes it easier to live
in our society. People often
experience discrimination because
of their appearance. Kids who are
not considered pretty can be bullied
by their classmates at school, and
a good-looking person has more
chances to get a job (especially if
you have to attach your photo to
your résumé as we do in Korea).
Then why are bigger eyes,
more prominent noses, and sharp
jawlines more beautiful to us?
There are 2 types of models in South
Korea: most of them are models
in TV commercials and fashion
magazines that look like Western
people. Of course, they have
double eyelids, more prominent
noses and tapered jawlines. The
others look Asian but not one of
the ordinary South Koreans. They
are stereotypes of Asians, the kind
that Westerners expect to see. We
called them ‘Mulan face’ after Walt
Disney’s heroine in the animated
movie.
These show that South Koreans
base their standards of beauty on
the Western model. My mother’s
generation thought someone with
a round face and Asian eyes was
charming. On the other hand, with
the acceptance of modern culture
and the effect of globalization,
our ideals have changed. From
Hollywood movies to Starbucks,
American culture has conquered
our lives. Now, South Korea is
a colony of Western culture, and
we have shared the criterion with
Western people both willingly and
through force.
Moreover, with the conquest
by Western culture, there are huge
multinational pharmaceutical
companies profi ting by the trend
A surgery ad on screendoor on the subway platform in South Korea.