Fundamentals of MicrobiologyBiol 315

Lab 2Instruments and common chemicals in microbiology, Microscopy, Sterilization techniques

Common Instruments

• Autoclave (121◦C, 15 psi)

• Oven (0-300 ◦C)

• Incubator (0-120 ◦C)

• pH Meter

• Hotplate and Magnetic Stirrer

• Laminar Flow Cabinet / Biosafety Cabinet

AUTOCLAVE

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http://i01.i.aliimg.com/photo/v0/108072579/Autoclave_Portable_Autoclave_Laboratory_Autoclave_Laboratory_Equipments.jpg

http://www.naanolabindia.com/laboratory-instruments/vertical-autoclave.jpg

http://www.pharmaceutical-int.com/upload/image_files/articles/images/companies/865/large-capacity-autoclave-b.jpg

http://www.theprominex.com/gallery/images/medical/autoclave.jpg

Oven

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http://images.hellotrade.com/data/T/W/MY-633236/Hot-Air-Oven---Lab-Model_250x250.jpg

http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/baddour/PublishingImages/hotairoven.jpg

INCUBATORS

http://www.stuart-equipment.com/adminimages/Incubators_SI505_open.jpg

http://www.stuart-equipment.com/adminimages/Incubators_SI505_closed.jpg

http://www.ika.com/ika/product_art/images/3510000_1.jpg

Shaking Incubator

pH Meter

http://growsetup.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/3505-ph-meter.jpg

Hotplate and magnetic stirrer

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http://www.troemner.com/images/hotplate_stirrers/adv_hps_lge.jpg

http://pimg.tradeindia.com/00076902/b/0/Laboratories-Magnetic-Stirrer-Hotplate.jpg

Biosafety cabinet

http://www.terrauniversal.com/gallery/hoods/Images/biological_safety_cabinet_purifier_Cover.jpg

Class I Cabinets

• These cabinets have unrecirculated airflow away from the operator that is discharged to the atmosphere after filtration through a HEPA filter.

• They provide good operator protection but do not protect the material within the cabinet (the product) from contamination.

Class II Cabinets

• Class II cabinets are designed for personnel, product and environmental protection.

• They are designed for work involving microorganisms in containment levels 2, 3 and 4 laboratories.

• Class II cabinets are most commonly used in biomedical research laboratories because of their characteristics.

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Class III Cabinets

• Class III cabinets are totally enclosed and gas-tight with HEPA filtered supply and exhaust air. Work is performed with attached long-sleeved gloves.

• The cabinet is kept under negative pressure and airflow is maintained by a dedicated exterior exhaust system.

• Class III cabinets protect the worker and the product. They are designed for work with level 4 pathogens.

• The exhaust air is double HEPA filtered or treated by HEPA filter and incineration.

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http://web.princeton.edu/sites/ehs/biosafety/biosafetypage/BSC2.jpg

Chemicals

• Media (solid and liquid)– Nutrient agar, nutrient broth

– EMB agar, MacConkey’s agar, Blood agar

– Lactose broth

• Gram’s staining kit

• Catalase reagent

• Oxidase reagent

Microscopy

• Light microscope

• Photography and video making through microscope using live camera

• Other kinds of microscopy

Gram’s Staining result

http://janiceatmeredith.files.wordpress.com/2012/01/gramsta.gif

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