ftp tt a STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT · 2018-03-23 · STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Technology and Innovation FOURTH EDITION Robert A. Burgelman Stanford Business School Clayton M. Christensen Harvard

STRATEGICMANAGEMENTTechnology and Innovation

F O U R T H E D I T I O N

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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENTTechnology and Innovation

F O U R T H E D I T I O N

Robert A. BurgelmanStanford Business School

Clayton M. ChristensenHarvard Business School

Steven C. WheelwrightHarvard Business School

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To my family, Margie and Taylor; my parents Bill and Mary Dess; and the late David Dobovsky

—Greg

To my lovely wife, Vicki—Tom

To bob, always and with love—Marilyn

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Author NameVermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of an internistwho finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week henow devotes to painting. And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively,women—are finding a better balance between professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, mention the wordand many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grab-bing fabulous treasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasuresassocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors.

Author NameThis fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeological accountsthat purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to King Arthur;sCamelots. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came beforehas generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal and sell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproewhat potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

Author NameCaught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate thebureaucratic labyrinths of insurance programs and managed care plans, many fail to seethe opportunities that abound. To the resident who hasn’t yet found a job or the radiolo-gist who's just been dismissed from a long-held hospital post, prospects may appear dim.But you do have choices.

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved fromclinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executivesuite of a managed care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity to readhealth reports for a local television station into a second career as a regular on a nationalnetwork television news show. An anesthesiologist went back to school to become a den-tist, in her view, a more secure profession. A former oncologist is now happily.

Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of aninternist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical.

v

A B O U T T H E A U T H O R S

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Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of an internistwho finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week henow devotes to painting. And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively,women—are finding a better balance between professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, mention the wordand many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grab-bing fabulous treasures.

KEY FEATURESOther people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, key term we might think of the great treasures the,Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remainsof long vanished civilizations and exploring the ruins of forgotten italic used for emphasisplaces.

The is the very fabric of popular notions of archaeology. Such romantic notions ofbygone splendors, couhas attracted millions of people worldwide to museum exhibits ofarchaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeological explorations in the newsmedia.

• This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeologicalaccounts.

• That purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to KingArthur;s Camelots.

• More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came before has generated a thriving marketplace.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists.

This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeologicalaccounts that purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to KingArthur;s Camelots. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those whocame before has generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal andsell the past.

Preface Second Level Head

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dispro-portionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug

Amored of royal tombs and golden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsyhave focused ther attentions on pottery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grandfinds tion. in this chatper weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andperhaps mostWratntly examine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with t hsi material.

vii

P R E F A C E

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With this in mind, this book will focus on the fundamentals of archaelogical reseach andmaterial but whenver possible will seek to give you resours and ideas on how to followadditional pathso of investigations on your own.Ask many physicians today what theircareer choices are and the answers are discouraging, if not disquieting.

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved fromclinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executivedays doesn’t kno days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved from clinicalpractice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executive suite ofa managed care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity to read healthreports for a local television w at least one colleague who has moved from clinical prac-tice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executive suite of amanaged care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity to read healthreports for a local television suite of a managed care organization? One pediatrician lever-aged an opportunity to read health reports for a local television station into a second careeras a regular on a national network television news show.

REVIEWERSCaught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate thebureaucratic labyrinths of insurance programs and managed care plans, many fail to seethe opportunities that abound.

Allen C. Anason, The University of Georgia

Peter H. Antonious, CSUSM

Jeffrey J. Bailey, University of Idaho

Eldon Bernstein, Lynn University

Samual D. Cappel, Southern Louisiana State University

Betty S. Coffey, Appalachian State University

James J. Cordeiro, SUNY Brockport

Allen C. Anason, The University of Georgia

Peter H. Antonious, CSUSM

Jeffrey J. Bailey, University of Idaho

Eldon Bernstein, Lynn University

Samual D. Cappel, Southern Louisiana State University

Betty S. Coffey, Appalachian State University

James J. Cordeiro, SUNY Brockport

To the resident who hasn’t yet found a job or the radiologist who's just been dismissedCaught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate the theopportunities that abound. To the resident who hasn’t yet found a job or the radiolfrom along-held hospital post, prospects may appear dim. But you do have choices of the year.

Robert A. Burgelman

Clayton M. Christensen

Steven C. Wheelwright

viii

A C K N O W L E D G E M E N T S

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I

II

III

IV

ix

B R I E F C O N T E N T S

P R E F A C E VII

A C K N O W L E G E M E N T S VIII

P A R T O N E

STRATEGIC ANALYSIS1 STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: CREATING

COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES 0

2 ANALYZING THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

OF THE FIRM 00

3 ASSESSING THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

OF THE FIRM 00

4 RECOGNIZING A FIRM’S INTELLECTUAL

ASSETS: MOVING BEYONG A FIRM’S TANGIBLE

RESOURCES 000

P A R T T W O

STRATEGIC FORMULATION5 BUSINESS-LEVEL STRATEGY: CREATING AND

SUSTAINING COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES 000

6 CORPORATE-LEVEL STRATEGY: CREATING VALUE

THROUGH DIVERSIFICATION 000

7 INTERNAL STRATEGY: CREATING VALUE IN

GLOBAL MARKETS 000

8 THE INTERNET AND E-COMMERCE: CREATING

VALUE THROUGH E-BUSINESS STRATEGIES 000

P A R T T H R E E

STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION9 STRATEGIC CONTROL AND CORPORATE

GOVERANCE 000

10 CREATING EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATIONAL

DESIGNS 000

11 CREATING A LEARNING ORGANIZATION AND

AN ETHICAL ORGANIZATION 000

12 FOSTERING STRATEGIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP

AND NEW VENTURE CREATION 000

P A R T F O U R

CASE ANALYSISC A S E A

ELIO ENGINEERING, INC. 000

C A S E B

ADVENT CORPORATION 000

C A S E C

ELECTRONIC ARTS I 000

C A S E D

ELECTRONIC ARTS II 000

A P P E N D I X A

APPLYING HUMAN RELATIONS 000

G L O S S A R Y 000

E N D N O T E S 000

C R E D I T S 000

I N D E X 000

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IP R E F A C E VII

A C K N O W L E G E M E N T S VIII

P A R T O N E

STRATEGIC ANALYSISC H A P T E R 1

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: CREATINGCOMPETITIVE ADVANTAGES 0

What Is Strategic Management 0

Defining Strategic Managment 0

The Four Key Attributes of Strategic

Management 0

The Strategic Management Process 00

Strategy Analysis 00

Strategy Formulation 00

Strategy Implementation 00

The Role of Stakeholder Management 00

Zero Sum or Symbiosis 00

Social Responsibility 00

The Strategic Managmenet Perspective 00

Some Key Driving Forces 00

Enhancing Employee Involvement in the Strategic

Management Process 00

Ensuring Coherence in Strategic Direction 00

Organizational Vision 00

Mission Statement 00

Strategic Objectives 00

Summary 00

Key Terms 00

Discussion Questions 00

Problems 00

True and False 00

Further Readings 00

Bibliography 00

Case 1.1: Elio Engineering, Inc. 00

C H A P T E R 2ANALYSIS THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENTOF THE FIRM 00




Management 00
















Summary 00

Key Terms 00


Problems 00

True and False 00

Further Readings 00

Bibliography 00


C H A P T E R 3

ASSESSING THE INTERNAL ENVIRONMENT OF THE FIRM 00




Management 00

x

C O N T E N T S

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Summary 00

Key Terms 00


Problems 00

True and False 00

Further Readings 00

Bibliography 00


P A R T F O U R

CASE ANALYSIS

C A S E A : Elio Engineering, Inc. 000

C A S E B : Advent Corporation 000

C A S E C : Electronic Arts I 000

C A S E D : Electronic Arts II 000

A P P E N D I X A

Applying Human Relations 000

Glossary 000

Endnotes 000

Credits 000

Index 000

xiContents

IV

A key purpose of this book is to help the general manager—someone responsible for theoverall strategic management of an organization or autonomous business unit—deal withissues of technology and innovation. Established high-technology companies typicallyspend at least 5 percent of sales on technology and innovation-related activities; start-upcompanies may spend significantly more. Although most of the companies studied here areconsidered high-technology, the issues and problems associated with technology and inno-vation in the environment of the 1990s are part of the general management task in all firms.

One key task of the general manager is to acquire, develop, and allocate an organiza-tion’s resources. Tech-nology is a resource of paramount vermont to benefit from a careermanagement mentalty. One report tells of an internist who finds relief a from the stressesof modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting. Andmany more physicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding a better bal-ance between professional and personal commitments through the process of analyzingtheir goals and actively Archaeology, mention the word and many people conjure upimages of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

KEY CONCEPTS AND THEIR RELATIONSHIPSInventions/Discoveries/Technologies

This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeological accountsthat purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to King Arthur;sCamelots. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came beforehas generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal and sell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have fcoerin termsof popular apeal,the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orha vealso drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproe what potery is howe westud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed witht hsi material

With this in mind, this book will focus on the fundamentals of archaelogical reseachand material but whenver possible will seek to give you resours and ideas on how to fol-low additional pathso of investigations on your own.Ask many physicians today what theircareer choices are and the answers are discouraging, if not disquieting.

Caught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate the

Integrating Technology and StrategyA General Management Perspective

1P A R T

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bureaucratic labyrinths of insurance programs and managed care plans, many fail to seethe opportunities that abound. To the resident who hasn’t yet found a job or the radiolo-gist who's just been dismissed from a long-held hospital post, prospects may appear dim.But you do have choices.

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved fromclinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executivesuite of a managed care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity to readhealth as a regular on a national network television news show. An anesthesiologist wentback to school to become a dentist, in her view, a more secure profession. A former oncol-ogist is now happily.

Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of aninternist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day eachweek he now devotes to painting. And many more physicians—especially, but not exclu-sively, women—are finding a better balance between professional and personal commit-ments through the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, mention theword and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe andgrabbing fabulous treasures.

Technology Innovations

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from acareer management mentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from thestresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding a betterbalance between professional and personal commitments through the process of analyzingtheir goals and actively Archaeology, mention the word and many people conjure upimages of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasuresassocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. Indeed, aromantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civilizations and exploringthe ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from time immemorial, is the very fabric ofpopular notions of archaeology. ●

“We are in the midst of a silent revolution—a triumph of the creative and entrepreneurial spirit of

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humankind throughout the world.”—Jeffry A. Timmons

The Entrepreneurial Mind, 1989

RESULTS EXPECTED/CHAPTER OUTLINEUpon completion of this chapter you will have:

1. Examined evidence of this entrepreneurial revolution’s radical transformation of the U.S.economy and its profound impact on the nation and the world, as it has become America’s “secret economic weapon.”

2. Learned how how entrepreneurs, innovators, and their growing companies are the engine of job creation, innovation, and new industries, and how venture and risk capital fuels thatengine.

3. Discovered how the entrepreneurial revolution has lead to the demise of “brontosaurus capitalism” as these new and smaller firms have replaced the old established companies,and why the innovative practices o the upstarts led to their success.

4. Learned why the American Dream is more alive and well then ever in our nation’s history and ready for the e-generation.


Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasuresassocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. Indeed, aromantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civilizations and exploringthe ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from time immemorial, is the very fabric ofpopular notions of archaeology. Such romantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled withthe often spectacular creations of past peoples, has attracted millions of people worldwideto museum exhibits of archaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeologicalexplorations in the news media. ●

C H A P T E R

2

15

The Entrepreneurial Revolution

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17

OUTLINE

The romantin flacoerin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek fragemeof cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. inthis chatper weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntlyexamine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with t hsi material.

With this in mind, this book will focus on the fundamentals of archaelogical reseachand material but whenver possible will seek to give you resours and ideas on how to fol-low additional pathso of investigations on your own.Ask many physicians today what theircareer choices are and the answers are discouraging, if not disquieting.

Caught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate thebureaucratic labyrinths of insurance programs and managed care plans, many fail to seethe opportunities that abound. To the resident who hasn’t yet found a job or the radiolo-gist who's just been dismissed from a long-held hospital post, prospects may appear dim.But you do have choices.

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved fromclinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executivesuite of a managed care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity to readhealth reports for a local television station into a second career as a regular on a nationalnetwork television news show. An anesthesiologist went back to school to become a denand become a lyoual citizen. ●

Chapter Title Shown Here If It Runs Two Lines Long

C H A P T E R

Demystifying Entrepreneurship

Classic Entrepreneurship: The Startup

Entrepreneurship in Post-Brontosaurus

Capitalism” Beyond Startups

“People Don’t Want to Managed. They Want to Be Led.”

Signs of Hope in a Corporate Ice Age

Metaphors

Entrepreneurship = Paradoxes

The Higher Potential Venture:Think Big Enough

Smaller Means Higher Failure Odds

Getting the Odds in Your Favor

Threshold Concept

Promise of Growth

Venture Capital Backing

Private Investors Join Ventrue Capitalists

Find Financial Backers and Associates Who

Add Value

Option: The Lifestyle Venture

The Timmons Model: Where Theory and Practice Collide in the Real World

3By Jeffry A. Timmons

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19

C A S E

ELIO ENGINEERING, INC.Hari Sankara and Harald Winkman

Such romantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled with the often spectacular cre-ations of past peoples, has attracted millions of people worldwide to museum exhibitsof archaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeological explorations in thenews media.

This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeologicalaccounts that purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to KingArthur;s Camelots. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those whocame before has generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to stealand sell the past. ●

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dispro-portionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproewhat potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

1. Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality.

2. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.

3. Archaeology, mention the word and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones.

4. Swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit froma career management mentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from thestresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding a betterbalance between professional and personal commitments through there if of the peopleofCertain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerin

3.1Technological Innovation

S E C T I O N

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20 Part One Intergrating Technology and Strategy


Why Human Relations Skills Are ImportantOther people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, key term we might think of the great treasures the,Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remainsof long vanished civilizations and exploring the ruins of forgotten italic used for emphasisplaces, lost to humanity from time immemorial, is the very fabric of popular notions ofarchaeology www.mhhe.com. Such romantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled withthe often spectacular creations of past peoples, has attracted millions of people worldwideto museum exhibits of archaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeologicalexplorations in the news media.

Goal of Human RelationsCertain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dispro-portionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproewhat potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

Individual and Group Level Behavior Caught up in the day-to-day demands of medicalpractice, attempting to navigate the bureaucratic labyrinths of insurance programs andmanaged care plans, many fail to see the opportunities that abound. To the resident whohasn’t yet found a job or the radiologist who's just been dismissed from a long-held hos-pital post, prospects may appear dim. But you do have choices.

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved fromclinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executivesuite of a managed care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an OPPORTUNITY to readhealth reports for a local television station into a second career as a regular on a nationalnetwork television news show. An anesthesiologist went back to school to become a den-tist, in her view, a more secure profession. A former oncologist is now happily.

Fourth Level Head Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One reporttells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the halfday each week he now devotes to painting. And many more physicians—especially, butnot exclusively, women—are finding a better balance between professional2 and personalcommitments through the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, men-tion the word and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones2 swingwing from a Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of an internist

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Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of aninternist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day eachweek he now devotes to painting.

1. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging aroundancient pyraminds in search of mummies.

2. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasures assocaited with the EgyptianPharaohs.

3. Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors.

4. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civilizations.

5. Exploring the ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from time immemorial.

The is the very fabric of popular notions of archaeology. Such romantic notionsof bygone splendors, couhas attracted millions of people worldwide to museum exhibits ofarchaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeological explorations in the newsmedia.

• This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeologicalaccounts.

• That purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to KingArthur;s Camelots.


• For grave robbers andlotters to steal and sell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime drawdisproportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists.

While many of the earliest archarelogist their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs.

Golden bural furnituer, many more recentogsy have focused ther attentions on pottery.

While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin.

Flacoerin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong ousd of broek frageme.

The of cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of atten-tion. in this chatper weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most impo-ratntly examine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

With this in mind, this book will focus on the fundamentals of archaelogical reseachand material but choices are and the answers are discouraging, if not disquieting.

I. First level entry in outline list

A. Second level entry in outline list

1. Third level entry in outline list

2. Third level entry in outline list

a) Fourth level entry in outline list

b) Fourth level entry in outline lis

21Chapter 2 The Entreprenueurial Process

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B. Second level entry in outline list

Caught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate thebureaucratic ogist who's just been dismissed from a long-held hospital post, prospects mayappear dim. But you do have choices additional line1.

1 + 1 = 2

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has moved fromclinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or the executivesuite of a managed care organization?

Rose are red,Violets are blue,This is an example of a poem,So how did I do?

I am not writer,And was in a bit of a bind,This is just an exampleSo please be kind.

One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity to read health reports for a local televisionstation into a second career as a regular on a national network television news show. ananesthesiologist went back to school to become a dentist, in her view, a more secure pro-fession.

MICHAEL: This is an example of dialogue text.

PAM: Thanks for showing this.

MICHAEL: Your welcome. This set up will work any time dialogue shows up in themanuscript.

PAM: I think you are right. Thanks again!

One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medicalpractice in the half day goals and actively Archaeology, mention the word and many peo-ple conjure up images of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabuloustreasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from acareer management mentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding a better bal-ance between professional and personal commitments through the process of analyzing theirgoals and actively.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasuresassocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors.

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A former oncologist is now happily. Vermont to benefit from a career managemen

Archaeology, mention the word and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones swing-wing from a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

1. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked pyraminds in search of mummies.2. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasures assocaited with the Egyptian

Pharaohs.


4. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civilizations.

5. Exploring the ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from time immemorial.

With this in mind, this book will focus on the fundamentals of archaelogical reseachand material but whenver possible will seek to give you resours and ideas on how to fol-low additional pathso of investigations on your own.

Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasures Chinese Emperors.

• This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeological accounts.

• That purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to King Arthur;sCamelots.



Ask many physicians today what their career choices are and the answers are discour-aging, if not disquietbaggy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds in search of mum-mies.

Source: Verros, Pam. The Ultimate Designer, McGraw-Hill Companies, 2004. Page 200–204.


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And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding abetter balance between professional and personal commitments aging, if not disquietbag-gy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds in search of mummies.

Coupled with the often spectacular creations of past peoples, has attracted millions of peopleworldwide to museum exhibits of archaeological finds and to follow


Golden bural furnituer, many more recentogsy have focused ther attentions on pottery.

While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin.


This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeologicalaccounts that purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to KingArthur;s Camelots.

More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came before has generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers.

Rose are red,Violets are blue,This is an example of a poem,So how did I do?

I am not writer,And was in a bit of a bind,This is just an exampleSo please be kind.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs and golden bural fur-nituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pottery of the amer


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ExampleWhile whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfafrom sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weillexproe what potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why somearacheroogist seem so obssed with thsi material

With this in mind, this book will focus on the fundamentals of archaelogical reseachand matople imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from acareer management mentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from thestresses of modquieting. ople imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont tobenefit from a ditional pople imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont tobenefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of an internist who findsimagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from a ople imaginebearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from a career managementmentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modernmedical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting. And many morephysicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding a better balance betweenArchaeology, mention the word and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jonesswingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

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opportunities that abound. To the resident who hasn’t missed from a long-held hospitalpost, prospects may appear dim. But you do have choices man ppel whoe are sometimes

Editor’s Note: This is just an example of how an editor’s note would appear in the design.


FIGURE 0.0 | Comparative Capabilities Profile of Selected Players (conducted in 2004)

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26

B O X

who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week henow devotes to painting. And many more physicians—especially, but not exclusively,women—are finding a better balance between professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, mention the wordand many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grab-bing fabulous treasures. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, dig-ging around ancient pyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think ofthe great treasures assocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or ChineseEmperors. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civi-lizations and exploring the ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from time immemo-rial, is the very fabric of popular notions of archaeology. Such romantic notions of bygonesplendors, coupled with the often spectacular creations of past peoples, has attracted mil-lions of people worldwide to museum exhibits of archaeological finds and to followaccounts of archaeological explorations in the news media (www.ama-assn.org). This fas-cinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeological accounts that pur-

Vermont to benefit from a career management mental-ity. One report tells of an internist who finds relieffrom the stresses of modern medical practice in thehalf day each week he now devotes to painting. Andmany more physiciansespecially, but not exclusively,women.

BOX FIRST LEVEL HEADOther people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggyshorts, digging around ancient pyraminds in search ofmummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of thegreat treasures assocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs,Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors.

Box Second Level HeadVermont to benefit from a career management mental-ity. One report tells of an internist who finds relieffrom the stresses of modern medical practice in thehalf day each week he now devotes to painting. Andmany more physicians.

1. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked inbaggy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds in search of mummies.

2. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasures assocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs.


4. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering theremains of long vanished civilizations.

The is the very fabric of popular notions ofarchaeology. Such romantic notions of bygone splen-dors, couhas attracted millions of people worldwide to

museum exhibits of archaeological finds and to followaccounts of archaeological explorations in the newsmedia.

• This fascinations has also spawned an amazingnumber of pseudorchaeological accounts.

• That purport to link past civiliztons wth every-thing from space aliens to King Arthur;sCamelots.

• More sinisterly, the fascination of modern peo-ple with those who came before has generated a thriving marketplace.


Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique aboutthem. These items sometime draw disproportionatemeasrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly,archaeoogists.

The of cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orhave also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatperweill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andper-haps mostVermont to benefit from a career manage-ment mentality. One report tells of an internist whofinds relief women—are finding a better balancebetween professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals andactively Archaeology, mention the word and manypeople conjure up images of Indiana Jones swingwingfrom a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

Source: The discussion of Japan is drawn from the author’sresearch with Hirotaka akeuchi, with help frm Maniko Sakakibra.

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27

B O X

port to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to King Arthur;s Camelots.More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came before has gener-ated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal and sell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery of the many people of the uniterd states of american and so many people becamescitzens fand befeom loyal.

While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproewhat potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material With this in mind, this book will focus on the fun-damentals of archaelogical reseach and material but whenver possible will seek to give youresours and ideas on how to follow additional pathso of investigations on your own.Askmany physicians today what their career choices are and the answers are discouraging, ifnot disquieting.

Emerging Industries And Technologies1.2Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them.These items sometime draw disproportionate measrueof attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeo-ogists.

The of cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orhave also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatperweill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andper-haps mostVermont to benefit from a career manage-ment mentality.


Golden bural furnituer, many more recentogsyhave focused ther attentions on pottery.

While whole pots and mosaif floors are grandfinds often haing a romantin.


The of cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orhave also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatperweill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andper-haps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

One report tells of an internist who finds reliefwomen—are finding a better balance between profes-sional and personal commitments through the processof analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology,

mention the word and many people conjure up imagesof Indiana Jones swingwing from a whipe and grab-bing fabulous treasures. One report tells of aninternist who finds relief from the stresses of modernmedical practice in the half day goals and activelyArchaeology, mention the word and many people con-jure up images of Indiana Jones swingwing from awhipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggyshorts.Vermont to benefit from a career managementmentality. One report tells of an internist who findsrelief from the stresses of modern medical practice inthe half day each week he now devotes to painting.And many more physicians—especially, but notexclusively, women—are finding a better balancebetween professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals andactively.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked inbaggy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds insearch of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might thinkof the great treasures assocaited with the EgyptianPharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors.

1 This is an example of a footnote. It will position at the bottom ofthe page and will use a supeior number or symbol.

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While many of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royaltombs and golden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther atten-tions on pottery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a roman-tin flacoerin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of crameinprodfa from sitethroug themany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftene-namored of royal tombs and many of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were ofte-nenamored of royal tombs and w orha ve also drawn gWhile whole pots and mosaif floorsare grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerin termsof popular apeal, the thougs Arthur;sCamelots. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came beforehas generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal and sell thepast.Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flaco-erin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfafrom sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gWhile whole pots and mosaif floors are grandfinds often haing a romantin flacoerin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd ofbroek frageme of cramein prodfa from sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount ofattention. in this chatper weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andpmost imporat-ntly examine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with t hsi material erhaps most imporatntly examine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with t hsi t ofattention. in this chatper weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andperhaps mostimporatntly examine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

behavior Elton Mayo goal of human relationsgroup behavior Hawthorne effect human relationslevels of behavior organization organizational behaviorperformance systems affect Theory Ztotal person approach win-win situation

1. Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. a. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern

medical practice.b. In the half day each week he now devotes to painting. c. And many more physicians especially, but

not exclusively, women.

2. Are finding a better balance between professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology.a. Mention the word and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones.b. Swingwing from a whipe.c. grabbing fabulous treasures.

S U M M A R Y

K E Y T E R M S

D I S C U S S I O N Q U E S T I O N S

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1. Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. Caught up in the day-to-day demands of medical practice, attempting to navigate the found a job or the radi-ologist who's just been dismissed from a long-held hospital post, prospects mayappear dim. But you do have choices.a. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern

medical practice.b. In the half day each week he now devotes to painting. c. And many more physicians especially, but


2. Are finding a better balance between professional and personal commitmentsthrough the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology. What physi-cian these days doesn’t know at least care organization? One pediatrician leveragedan opportunity to read health reporta. Mention the word and many people conjure up images of Indiana Jones.b. Swingwing from a whipe.c. grabbing fabulous treasures.

3. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging aroundancient pyraminds in search of mummies. day each week he now ing a better bal-ance between professional and personal commitments through the process of analyz-ing their goals and activelya. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great Egyptian Pharaohsb. Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. c. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering

the remains of long vanished civilizations.

_____ 1. The very fabric of popular and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. While many ofthe earliest archaeology.

_____ 2. Such romantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled with the often spec-tacular creations of past peoples.

_____ 3. Has attracted millions of people worldwide o museum exhibits of archaeo-logical finds and to follow accounts of archaeological explorations in thenews media.

_____ 4. This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeo-logical tons wth everything from space aliens to King Arthur;s Camelots.

_____ 5. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came before has generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal andsell the past.

_____ 6. Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items some-time draw disproportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly,archaeoogists.

P R O B L E M S

T R U E A N D F A L S E

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1. Fred S. Siebert, Theodore B. Peterson, and Wilbur Schramm, Four Theories of the Press(Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1956), p.33.

2. Frank Luther Mott, American Journalism, 3rd ed. (New York: Macmillian, 1962), p.6.

3. Wilbur Schramm, Responsibility in Mass Communication (New York: Harper & Row), p. 72..

4. Quoted in Warren K. Agree, Phillip H. Ault, and Edwin Emery, Introduction to MassCommunication, 9th ed. (New York: Harper & Row, 1988), p.60.

5. Fred S. Siebert, Theodore B. Peterson, and Wilbur Schramm, Four Theories of the Press(Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press, 1956), p.33.

Chancellor, J. and Walter R. Mears, The News Business. New York: harper & Row, 1983.

Cuozzo, S. It’s Alive!: How America’s Oldest Newspaper Cheated Death and Why It Matters.New York: Times Books, 1996.

Davis, D. Katherine the Great: Katherine Graham and Her Washington Post Empire. New York:Sheridan Square Press, 1991

Chancellor, J. and Walter R. Mears, The News Business. New York: harper & Row, 1983.

Cuozzo, S. It’s Alive!: How America’s Oldest Newspaper Cheated Death and Why It Matters.New York: Times Books, 1996.

C A S E

ELIO ENGINEERING, INC.Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dispro-portionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andtermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproewhat potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material


2. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.



Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit froma career management mentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from thestresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.

.

R E F E R E N C E S

B I B L I O G R A P H Y

1.A

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31

P A R T C A S E

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dispro-portionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy have focused ther attentions on pot-tery. While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin flacoerintermsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of cramein prodfa fromsitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatper weill exproewhat potery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

What physician these days doesn’t know at least one colleague who has movedfrom clinical practice into the management ranks of a pharmaceutical company or theexecutive suite of a managed care organization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportuni-ty to read health reports for a local television station into a second career as a regular on anational network television news show. An anesthesiologist went back to school tobecome a dentist, in her view, a more secure profession. A former oncologist is now hap-pily.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts.Vermont to benefit froma career management mentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from thestresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.

Vermont to benefit from a career management mentality. One report tells of aninternist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day eachweek he now devotes to painting. And many more physicians—especially, but not exclu-sively, women—are finding a better balance between professional and personal commit-ments through the process of analyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, mention theChinese Emperors. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remains of long van-ished civilizations and exploring the ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from timeimmemorial, is the very fabric of popular notions of archaeology. Such romantic notionsof bygone splendors, coupled with the often spectacular creations of past peoples, hasattracted millions of people worldwide to museum exhibits of archaeological finds and tofollow accounts of archaeological explorations in the news media..

Questions


2. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modern medicalpractice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.



ELIO ENGINEERING, INC.

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The very fabric of popular notions of archaeology. Suchromantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled with theoften spectacular creations of past peoples, has attractedmillions of people worldwide to museum exhibits ofarchaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeo-logical explorations in the news media.

This fascinations has also spawned an amazingnumber of pseudorchaeological accounts that purport tolink past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens toKing Arthur;s Camelots. More sinisterly, the fascinationof modern people with those who came before has gen-erated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlot-ters to steal and sell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique aboutthem. These items sometime draw disproportionatemeasrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly,archaeoogists. While many of the earliest archarelogistsna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs and

golden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsyhave focused ther attentions on pottery.

While whole pots and mosaif floors are grand findsoften haing a romantin flacoerin termsof popular apeal,the thougs upong thousd of broek frageme of crameinprodfa from sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn geaamount of attention. in this chatper weill exproe whatpotery is howe we stud it andperhaps most imporatntlyexamine why some aracheroogist seem so obssed with thsi material

With this in mind, this book will focus on the fun-damentals of archaelogical reseach and material butwhenver possible will seek to give you resours and ideason how to follow additional pathso of investigations onyour own.Ask many physicians today what their careerchoices are and the answers are discouraging, if not dis-quieting.

S U M M A R Y

K E Y T E R M S

behaviorElton Mayogoal of human relationsgroup behaviorHawthorne effect

human relationslevels of behaviororganizationorganizational behaviorperformance

systems affectTheory Ztotal person approachwin-win situation

D I S C U S S I O N Q U E S T I O N S

1. Vermont to benefit from a career managementmentality. a. One report tells of an internist who finds relief

from the stresses of modern medical practice.b. In the half day each week he now devotes to

painting. c. And many more physicians especially, but


2. Are finding a better balance between professionaland personal commitments through the process ofanalyzing their goals and actively Archaeology.a. Mention the word and many people conjure up

images of Indiana Jones.b. Swingwing from a whipe.c. grabbing fabulous treasures.

3. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked inbaggy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds insearch of mummies. a. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great

Egyptian Pharaohsb. Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. c. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering

the remains of long vanished civilizations.4. The and exploring the ruins of forgotten places,

lost to humanity from time immemorial.a. Is the very fabric of popular notions of

archaeology. b. Such romantic notions of bygone splendors.c. Coupled with the often spectacular creations

of past peoples.

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1. Vermont to benefit from a career managementmentality. Caught up in the day-to-day demands ofmedical practice, attempting to navigate the founda job or the radiologist who's just been dismissedfrom a long-held hospital post, prospects mayappear dim. But you do have choices.a. One report tells of an internist who finds relief




2. Are finding a better balance between professionaland personal commitments through the process ofanalyzing their goals and actively Archaeology.What physician these days doesn’t know at leastcare organization? One pediatrician leveraged anopportunity to read health reporta. Mention the word and many people conjure up

images of Indiana Jones.b. Swingwing from a whipe.c. grabbing fabulous treasures.

3. Other people imagine bearded men bedecked inbaggy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds insearch of mummies. day each week he now ing abetter balance between professional and personalcommitments through the process of analyzingtheir goals and activelya. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great

Egyptian Pharaohsb. Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. c. Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering

the remains of long vanished civilizations.

4. Caught up in the day-to-day demands of medicalpractice, attempting to navigate the found a job orthe radiologist who's just been dismissed from along-held hospital post, prospects may appear dim.But you do have choices.a. One report tells of an internist who finds relief




P R O B L E M S

T R U E A N D F A L S E

_____ 1. The very fabric of popular and, occasion-aly, archaeoogists. While many of theearliest archaeology.

_____ 2. Such romantic notions of bygone splen-dors, coupled with the often spectacularcreations of past peoples.

_____ 3. Has attracted millions of people world-wide o museum exhibits of archaeologicalfinds and to follow accounts of archaeo-logical explorations in the news media.

_____ 4. This fascinations has also spawned anamazing number of pseudorchaeologicaltons wth everything from space aliens toKing Arthur;s Camelots.

_____ 5. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those who came before has generated a thriving marketplace for graverobbers andlotters to steal and sell thepast.

_____ 6. Certain kinds of artifact have a mystiqueabout them. These items sometime draw disproportionate measrue of attentionfrom the public and, occasionaly, archaeo-ogists.

_____ 7. While many of the earliest archarelogistsnad their pulvi were oftenenamored ofroyal tombs and golden bural furnituer,many more recent archaelogsy havefocused ther attentions on pottery.

_____ 8. While whole pots and mosaif floors aregrand finds often haing a romantin flaco-erin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousdof broek frageme of cramein prodfa.

_____ 9. From sitethroug thew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chatperweill exproe what potery is howe we studit andperhaps most imporatntly examinewhy some aracheroogist seem.

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1. Fred S. Siebert, Theodore B. Peterson, and WilburSchramm, Four Theories of the Press (Urbana, IL:University of Illinois Press, 1956), p.33.


3. Wilbur Schramm, Responsibility in MassCommunication (New York: Harper & Row), p. 72..

4. Quoted in Warren K. Agree, Phillip H. Ault, and EdwinEmery, Introduction to Mass Communication, 9th ed.(New York: Harper & Row, 1988), p.60.


6. Frank Luther Mott, American Journalism, 3rd ed. (NewYork: Macmillian, 1962), p.6.

7. Wilbur Schramm, Responsibility in MassCommunication (New York: Harper & Row, 1957), p.72.

R E F E R E N C E S

B I B L I O G R A P H Y

Chancellor, J. and Walter R. Mears, The News Business.New York: harper & Row, 1983.

Cuozzo, S. It’s Alive!: How America’s Oldest NewspaperCheated Death and Why It Matters. New York: TimesBooks, 1996.

Davis, D. Katherine the Great: Katherine Graham and HerWashington Post Empire. New York: Sheridan SquarePress, 1991

Chancellor, J. and Walter R. Mears, The News Business.New York: harper & Row, 1983.

Cuozzo, S. It’s Alive!: How America’s Oldest NewspaperCheated Death and Why It Matters. New York: TimesBooks, 1996.

Davis, D. Katherine the Great: Katherine Graham and HerWashington Post Empire. New York: Sheridan SquarePress, 1991

1.AC A S E

ELIO ENGINEERING, INC.Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them.These items sometime draw disproportionate measrue ofattention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeo-ogists. While many of the earliest archarelogist sna dtheir pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs and gold-en bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy havefocused ther attentions on pottery. While whole pots andbroek frageme of cramein prodfa from sitethroug theworha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in this chat-per weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it andper-haps most imporatntly examine why some aracheroogistseem so obssed with t hsi material

Choices are and the answers are discouraging, if notdisquieting. Caught up in the day-to-day demands ofmedical practice, attempting to navigate the bureaucrat-ic labyrinths of insurance programs and managed careplans, many fail to see the opportunities that abound. Tothe resident who hasn’t yet found a job or the radiologistwho's just been dismissed from a long-held hospital

post, prospects may appear dim. But you do have choic-es.

What physician these days doesn’t know at leastone colleague who has moved from clinical practice intoAn anesthesiologist went back to school to become adentist, in her view, a more secure profession. A formeroncologist is now happily.

1. Vermont to benefit from a career managementmentality.

2. One report tells of an internist who finds relieffrom the stresses of modern medical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting.


4. Swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabuloustreasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked inbaggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from a career ,women—are finding a better balance between profes-sional and personal commitments through there if

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35

P A R T C A S E

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them.These items sometime draw disproportionate measrue ofattention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeo-ogists. While many of the earliest archarelogist sna dtheir pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs and gold-en bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsy havefocused ther attentions on pottery. While whole pots andmosaif floors are grand finds often haing a romantin fla-coerin termsof popular apeal, the thougs upong thousdof broek frageme of cramein prodfa from sitethrougthew orha ve also drawn gea amount of attention. in thischatper weill exproe what potery is howe we stud it and-perhaps most imporatntly examine why some arachero-ogist seem so obssed with t hsi material

What physician these days doesn’t know atleast one colleague who has moved from clinical prac-tice into the management ranks of a pharmaceuticalcompany or the executive suite of a managed care organ-ization? One pediatrician leveraged an opportunity toread health reports for a local television station into asecond career as a regular on a national network televi-sion news show. An anesthesiologist went back toschool to become a dentist, in her view, a more secureprofession. A former oncologist is now happily.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked inbaggy shorts.Vermont to benefit from a career manage-ment mentality. One report tells of an internist whofinds relief from the stresses of modern medical practicein the half day each week he now devotes to painting.

Vermont to benefit from a career management men-tality. One report tells of an internist who finds relieffrom the stresses of modern medical practice in the halfday each week he now devotes to painting. And manymore physicians—especially, but not exclusively,women—are finding a better balance between profes-sional and personal commitments through the process ofanalyzing their goals and actively Archaeology, mentionthe word and many people conjure up images of IndianaJones swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabuloustreasures. Other people imagine bearded men bedeckedin baggy shorts, digging around ancient pyraminds insearch of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think ofthe great treasures assocaited with the Egyptian

Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. Indeed, aromantic notinon of discovering the remains of longvanished civilizations and exploring the ruins of forgot-ten places, lost to humanity from time immemorial, isthe very fabric of popular notions of archaeology. Suchromantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled with theoften spectacular creations of past peoples, has attractedmillions of people worldwide to museum exhibits ofarchaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeo-logical explorations in the news media (www.ama-assn.org).

This fascinations has also spawned an amazingnumber of pseudorchaeological accounts that purport tolink past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens toKing Arthur;s Camelots. More sinisterly, the fascinationof modern people with those who came before has gen-erated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlot-ters to steal and sell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique aboutmeasrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly,archaeoogists. While many of the earliest archarelogistsna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royal tombs andgolden bural furnituer, many more recent archaelogsyhave focused ther attentions on pottery. While wholepots and mosaif floors are grand finds often haing aromantin flacoerin termsof popular apeal.

Questions

1. Vermont to benefit from a career managementmentality.

2. One report tells of an internist who finds relieffrom the stresses of modern medical practice in thehalf day each week he now devotes to painting.


4. Swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabuloustreasures.

ELIO ENGINEERING, INC.

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RESULTS EXPECTEDUpon completion of this chapter you will have:

1. State why human relations skills are important.

2. Indentify the most important human relations concepts from the entire book.

3. Determine your strongest and weakest areas of human relations.

4. Compare your present skills assessment with the one you did in Chapter 1.

5. Explain three options in handling human relations problems.

6. Describe the four steps of changing behavior.

7. Develop your own human relations plan.

Pat O’Conner and David Fredrick, tow students nearing completion of a human relationscourse were talking about the course. The impormont to benefit from a career managementmentality. One report tells of an internist who finds relief from the stresses of modernmedical practice in the half day each week he now devotes to painting. And many morephysicians—especially, but not exclusively, women—are finding a better balance betweenprofessional and personal commitments through the process of analyzing their goals andactively Archaeology, mention the word and many people conjure up images of IndianaJones swingwing from a whipe and grabbing fabulous treasures.

Other people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging around ancientpyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of the great treasuresassocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors. Indeed, aromantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civilizations and exploringthe ruins of forgotten places, lost to humanity from time immemorial, is the very fabric ofpopular notions of archaeology. Such romantic notions of bygone splendors, coupled withthe often spectacular creations of past peoples, has attracted millions of people worldwideto museum exhibits of archaeological finds and to follow accounts of archaeologicalexplorations in the news media.

This fascinations has also spawned an amazing number of pseudorchaeologicalaccounts that purport to link past civiliztons wth everything from space aliens to KingArthur;s Camelots. More sinisterly, the fascination of modern people with those whocame before has generated a thriving marketplace for grave robbers andlotters to steal andsell the past.

Certain kinds of artifact have a mystique about them. These items sometime draw dis-proportionate measrue of attention from the public and, occasionaly, archaeoogists. Whilemany of the earliest archarelogist sna d their pulvi were oftenenamored of royaltombsOther people imagine bearded men bedecked in baggy shorts, digging aroundancient pyraminds in search of mummies. Or, alternatively, we might think of the greattreasures assocaited with the Egyptian Pharaohs, Maya Kings, or Chinese Emperors.Indeed, a romantic notinon of discovering the remains of long vanished civilizations and

Applying Human Relations AA P P E N D I X

37

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AG L O S S A R Y

ABC American Broadcasting Company; a television networkthat began as a radio network in the 1940s after NBC wasforced to sell one of its two radio networks in 1943.

acta diuram “Daily acts”; news sheets posted in public placesby the government during the Roman Empirte.

advertorial Advertising copy written in the form of a newsstory. Sometimes placed in news columns of special sectionsof newspapers labeled “advertising supplement” or used aseditorial copy in magazines.

AFP Agency France-Press; a Paris-based French news wireservice organized in 1945.

agenda setting A process whereby the mass media shape ourawareness of people and events by establishing what is important focus tothink about.

backmasting A controversial technique of inserting wordsand phrases into recorded music that can be heard only if themusic is played backward.

ballpark A term used by sociologists to describe the earlydevelopment of the American pastime of baseball to helpsocialize the new nation of immigrants that was developing inindustrial America.

BBC British Broadcasting Corporation; the public broadcast-ing system in the United Kingdom. It was founded in the1920s during the early days of radio broadcasting, and in1936 it became the first system to begin regular televisionbroadcasting.

Boston News-Letter The first newspaper in the Americancolonies to be published regularly and the first to be pub-lished “by authority.” Boston postmaster John Campbell was thepublisher.


ballpark A term used by sociologists to describe the earlydevelopment of the American pastime of baseball to helpsocialize the new nation of immigrants that was developing inindustrial America.

BBC British Broadcasting Corporation; the public broadcast-ing system in the United Kingdom. It was founded in the1920s during the early days of radio broadcast


ballpark A term used by sociologists to describe the early

development of the American pastime of baseball to helpsocialize the new nation of immigrants that was developing inindustrial America.

BBC British Broadcasting Corporation; the public broadcast-ing system in the United Kingdom. It was founded in the1920s during the early days of radio broadcast.


callpark A term used by sociologists to describe the earlydevelopment of the American pastime of baseball to help

cast A controversial technique of inserting words and phrasesinto recorded music that can be heard only if the music isplayed backward.

camel A term used by sociologists to describe the earlydevelopment of the American pastime of baseball to helpsocialize the new nation of immigrants that was developing inindustrial America.

criminal British Broadcasting Corporation; the public broad-casting system in the United Kingdom. It was founded in the1920s during the early days of radio broadcasting, and in1936 it became the first system to begin regular televisionbroadcasting.

crazy A term used by sociologists to describe the earlydevelopment of the American pastime of baseball to helpsocialize the new nation of immigrants that was developing inindustrial America.British Broadcasting Corporation; the pub-lic broadcasting system in the United Kingdom. It wasfounded in the 1920s during the early days of radio broad-casting, and in 1936 it became the first system to begin regu-lar television broadcasting.

call The first newspaper in the American colonies to be pub-lished regularly and the first to be published “by authority.” Boston postmaster John Campbell was thepublisher.

community A controversial technique of inserting words andphrases into recorded music that can be heard only if themusic is played backward.

can A term used by sociologists to describe the early devel-opment of the American pastime of baseball to help socializethe new nation of immigrants that was developing in industri-al America.

chris British Broadcasting Corporation; the public broadcast-ing system in the United Kingdom. It was founded in the1920s during the early days of radio broadcastA controversialtechnique of inserting words and phrases into recorded music

38

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C H A P T E R 1








C H A P T E R 2








C H A P T E R 3








C H A P T E R 4








C H A P T E R 5






E N D N O T E S

39

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C R E D I T S

40

C H A P T E R 1

Sherman Alexie, “This is What it Means to Say Phoneix, Arizona” from THE

LONE RANGER AND TONTO FISTFIGHT IN HEAVEN by Sherman Alexie.

Copyright © 9993 by Sherman Alexie. Used by permission of Grove/Atlantic,

Inc.

Sherman Alexie, “This is What it Means to Say Phoneix, Arizona” from

THE LONE RANGER AND TONTO FISTFIGHT IN HEAVEN by Sherman

Alexie. Copyright © 9993 by Sherman Alexie. Used by permission of

Grove/Atlantic, Inc.









Sherman Alexie, “This is What it Means

to Say Phoneix, Arizona” from THE LONE RANGER AND TONTO FIST-

FIGHT IN HEAVEN by Sherman Alexie. Copyright © 9993 by Sherman

Alexie. Used by permission of Grove/Atlantic, Inc.









C H A P T E R 2

































C H A P T E R 3






































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I N D E X

41

C

B

AAccount management of advertising

firm, 319

Accuracy of news, 37–376

Acquisition editor, 119

Acta diurna, 125

Administration (department)

in advertising firm, 319

in magazine publishing, 172

in music department, 256

in television, 287

Advertiser(s)

public relations for, 396

top 10, 303

Advertiser influence, 392–396

Advertising 294–296

A-T-R model and, 302–303

bandwagon and, 307

card stacking and, 307

of cigarettes, 31

consumers’ information environ-

ment and 303–304

controversies about, 308–310

cutting-edge theory and, 3-1–302

developement of, 296–298, 300

early, 296

eight lifestyles and, 317

electronic, 297–298, 300

expanding world of, 301

first ad agency and, 296, 297

future of, 319–320

government regulation of, 297

of hard liquor, 314

in magazines, 173

minimal-effects theory and,

300–301

mission of VALS and, 317

music and, 307–308

ABC, 60

Account management of advertising

firm, 319



Acta diurna, 125





in television, 287

Advertiser(s)


top 10, 303




bandwagon and, 307


of cigarettes, 31


ment and 303–304




early, 296







of hard liquor, 314

in magazines, 173


300–301



ABC, 60


firm, 319



Acta diurna, 125



in television, 287

Advertiser(s)


top 10, 303


ABC, 60


firm, 319



Acta diurna, 125





in television, 287

Advertiser(s)


top 10, 303




bandwagon and, 307


of cigarettes, 31


ment and 303–304




early, 296







of hard liquor, 314

in magazines, 173


300–301



ABC, 60


firm, 319



Acta diurna, 125





in television, 287

Advertiser(s)


top 10, 303




bandwagon and, 307


of cigarettes, 31


ment and 303–304






irm, 319



Acta diurna, 125





in television, 287

Advertiser(s)


top 10, 303


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ftp tt a STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT · 2018-03-23 · STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT Technology and Innovation FOURTH EDITION Robert A. Burgelman Stanford Business School Clayton M. Christensen Harvard