FSAI and Supplements

Dr. Wayne Anderson

Chief Specialist Food Science

F.S.A.I.

Food Safety Authority of IrelandFood Safety Authority of Ireland Mission Statement Mission Statement

““To protect consumers’ healthTo protect consumers’ health

by ensuring that food consumed, distributed, by ensuring that food consumed, distributed,

marketed or produced in the State meetsmarketed or produced in the State meets

the highest standards of food safety and the highest standards of food safety and hygiene.”hygiene.”

Food Safety Authority of IrelandFood Safety Authority of Ireland Putting responsibility on industry to produce Safe

Food

Independent, Science Based Consumer Protection Body

Developing a “Seamless” inspection service from “Farm gate to Fork”

Food standards based on risk analysis and sound science

Definition of “food” as stated in the Food Safety Authority of Ireland Act, 1998

“food” includes –

a) Any substance used, available to be used or intended to be used, for food or drink by human persons, and

b) Any substance which enters into or is used in the production, composition or preparation of these substances

and references to food include, as the context may require, reference to a particular food or class of food

Dioxins

Fish Oil Capsules

C1

The following figure shows the formula of 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, the most toxic compound of PCDD’s/PCDFs.

meta ortho

3

para

2

4 1

65meta ortho

ortho meta

2’ 3’

1’ 4’

5’6’

metaortho

para

The following figure shows the general structure of a biphenyl:

C1 C1

C1

Sources of Dioxin

• Environment

• Pollution

• Food– Animal– Plant

• Oils

Contamination Pathway

Dioxins and PCB’s

• Carcinogenic

• TWI 14 pg/kg b.w./week

• EC three prong strategy– Environment– Food– Feed

European Food Legislation and testing

Fish Liver Oils Legislation

COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 2375/2001 of November 2001

Amending Commission Regulation (EC) No 466/2001 setting maximum levels for certain contaminants in foodstuffs

ProductProduct Max levels Max levels (PCDD+PCDF) (!) (PCDD+PCDF) (!) (pg WHO-PCDD/F-(pg WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ/g fat or TEQ/g fat or product)product)

Performance Performance criteria for criteria for samplingsampling

Performance Performance criteria for the criteria for the methods of methods of analysisanalysis

Fish oil intended for human consumption

2 pg WHO-PCDD/F-TEQ/g fat (²)

Directive 2001/…/EC (*)

Directive 201/…/EC (*)

The legislation comes into effect 1st July 2002

Dioxins Dioxins (PCDD’s)(PCDD’s) WHO Toxic WHO Toxic Equivalent Equivalent FactorFactor²²

2,3,7,8-Tetra-CDD 1.0

1,2,3,7,8-Penta-CDD

1.0

1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexa-CDD

0.1

1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexa-CDD

0.1

1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexa-CDD

0.1

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Hepta-CDD

0.01

OCDD 0.0001

Furans Furans (PCDF’s)(PCDF’s)

WHO Toxic WHO Toxic Equivalent Factor²Equivalent Factor²

2,3,7,8-Tetra-CDF

0.1

1,2,3,7,8-Penta-CDF

0.05

2,3,4,7,8-Penta-CDF

0.5

1,2,3,4,7,8-Hexa-CDF

0.1

1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexa-CDF

0.1

1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexa-CDF

0.1

2,3,4,6,7,8-Hexa-CDF

0.1

1,2,3,4,6,7,8-Hepta-CDF

0.01

1,2,3,4,6,7,9-Hepta-CDF

0.01

OCDF 0.0001

Dioxin-Like PCB’sDioxin-Like PCB’s WHO Toxic Equivalent WHO Toxic Equivalent FactorFactor³³

NON-ORTHO PCB’s

Congener 77 0.0001

Congener 81 0.0001

Congener 126 0.1

MONO-ORTHO PCB’s

Congener 105 0.0001

Congener 114 0.0005

Congener 118 0.0001

Congener 123 0.0001

Congener 156 0.0005

Congener 157 0.0005

Congener 167 0.00001

Congener 189 0.0001

FSAI FINDINGSBrand Product Description Concentration (WHO-TEQ ng/kg)

PCDD’s PCDF’s

Dioxin-like PCB’s

A Fish liver oil 0.25 10.75

B Fish liver oil 7.80 30.2

C Fish body oil 0.44 0.16

D Fish liver oil 3.10 14.9

E Fish liver oil 0.58 1.42

F Fish body oil 0.65 4.25

G Fish liver oil 2.9 16.1

H Fish liver oil 11.00 19.0

I Fish liver oil 5.40 17.6

J Fish liver oil 3.80 14.2

K Fish liver oil 5.10 25.9

L Fish liver oil 2.70 13.3

M Fish liver oil 0.22 6.18

N Fish liver oil 5.70 16.3

O Fish liver oil 3.90 11.1

Messages

• 1st July 2002 –– fish oil >2ng/kg dioxin = illegal

• Must source ‘clean oil’– Low levels of dioxins (<2 ng/kg)

– Low levels of PCB’s

– Low Levels of PAH’s

• Must have certs of analysis for oil• Must test periodically to ensure certs are valid

FSAI ACT

Section 12

You are responsible for the safety of the products

you put on the Irish market

You are Required to Have

• A recall system

• A traceability system

• Records of tests