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Distance Education and International Education
From Zimbabwe to MOOCs With Iowa, Egypt, Jamaica, Trinidad and Korea, too
Michael Simonson, Ph.D. Program Professor
Instructional Technology and Distance Education
Fischler School of Education
Nova Southeastern University
North Miami Beach, FL
Agenda
• Distance Education – the international traditions
• Distance Education – a domestic re-invention
• Distance Education – a story
• Distance Education – current events
• Distance Education – the future?
Registered MOODLE sites
USA: 12097 sites total (4266 are private and are not shown
Distance Education – Trends and Traditions
What is a MOOC?
Massive Open Online Course
Zimbabwe?
A country in East Central
Africa, formerly called
Rhodesia and formerly a part
of the British Commonwealth.
"When I was a kid, I had to walk three miles each
way to school. The snow drifts were seven feet
high, and I had no shoes."
"Gee, Granddad, that's nothing. Today I had to
go to Paris for my French class, MIT for
computer science and the New York Stock
Exchange for economics"
Welcome to the world of distance learning.
- Paul Butera, Ameritech Magazine
ST SP
DT SP
ST DP
DT DP
Coldeway's Quadrants
Industrialization & Distance Education
• Mass Production - Many learners at many locations learning concurrently.
• Planning and Preparation - D.E. is characterized by extensive planning by senior staff.
• Standardization - D.E. teaching is constant for all learners.
• Functional Changes and Objectification - The functional role of the teacher is split into:
1. provider of knowledge (unit author)
2. evaluator (tutor)
3. counselor (advisor)
• Monopolization - Concentration and centralization within state or nation are common.
Industrialization & Distance Education
• Rationalization - teacher's knowledge and Skills are delivered to unlimited numbers of students at a distance and with uniform quality
• Division of Labor - a fundamental prerequisite for D.E. to be effective (Course developers are not course evaluators).
• Mechanization - conventional education operates at a pre-industrial level. D.E. applies technologies
• Assembly Line - D.E. staff remain at their posts but materials are passed on.
• Mass Production - Many learners at many locations learning concurrently.
The Royal Harare
MOODLE sites in Zimbabwe
"The powers not delegated to the United
States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it
to the States, are reserved to the States
respectively, or to the people."
Distance Learning Classroom Teaching Site
D
Characteristics of Distance
Education in the USA
1. Live, two-way interactive
2. Locally controlled and funded
3. Classroom teacher oriented
4. Shared programming
5. Decentralized planning
6. State supervised and accredited
7. Small class size
Custer
Aberdeen Groton
Frederick
Leola
Ipswich
Warner
Roslyn
Sisseton
Britton
Langford Veblen
Tulare
Hitchcock
Bristol Webster
Waubay
Conde
Watertown
Mellette
Redfield Doland
Clark
South Shore
Volga
Ramona
Madison
Sioux Falls
Lennox
Onida
Highmore
Porcupine
Oelrichs
Shannon County
Kadoka
Waverly
Florence
Mitchell
Stickney
Ethan
Wilmot
Chamberlain
Gregory
Miller Wessington
Wolsey Iroquois
Huron
Woonsocket
Artesian
Howard
Montrose
Chester
Colton-Tri-Valley
Hartford
Plankinton
Avon
Helca
GettysburgHenry
Mt Vernon
Salem
Kimball
White Lake
De Smet Lake Preston
Martin
Hot Springs
Hayti
Castlewood
Arlington
Brookings
Flandreau
Colman
Dell Rapids
Beresford
Faulkton
Phillip Midland
Cresbard
Edgemont
Bison
LemmonMcIntosh
McLaughlin
Rosholt
Summit Big Stone City
Milbank
Willow Lake
Alpena
Tea
YanktonVermillion
Tyndall
Boonsteel/Fairfax
Wagner
Harrisburg
Canton
Alcester
Gayville
Elk Point
Dakota
Valley
Hurley
Emery
Canistota
Alexandria
Bridgewater
Freeman
Menno
IreneViborg
Wakonda
Scotland
ParkstonPlatte
Corsica
Tripp/Delmont
ArmorGeddes
Winner
Colome
Mission
White River
Lyman
Murdo
Pierre
Ft.
Pierre Harold
New Underwood
Rapid City
Hill City
Box Elder
Lead/Deadwood
Sturgis
Newell
Spearfish
Belle Fourche
Faith
Buffalo
Wakpala
Mobridge
Pollock
Selby
Herreid
Edmunds
Central
Bowdle
Eureka
Rosco
Willow
Lake
Revillo
Clear Lake
EstellineWhite
Elkton
Rutland
Stephan
St. Francis
11
2
2
2
2
8
2
2
2
12 2
2
4
4
13
6
2
2
2
3
2
Dupree
Eagle Butte
Isabel
Timber Lake
4
Hoven
2
Characteristics of MOOCs
1. Huge class size-little interaction
2. Institution controlled, often private
3. Content centered
4. Distance delivery
5. Centralized planning
6. Modest levels of control
7. Free and open
About Coursera
We are a social entrepreneurship company that partners with the top universities in the world to offer courses online for anyone to take, for free. We envision a future where the top universities are educating not only thousands of students, but millions. Our technology enables the best professors to teach tens or hundreds of thousands of students.
Through this, we hope to give everyone access to the world-class education that has so far been available only to a select few. We want to empower people with education that will improve their lives, the lives of their families, and the communities they live in.
What Was Learned?
• Distance Education – probably inevitable
• Culture and tradition are critical to implementation of Distance Education
• MOOCs? Who knows, but I doubt it!
• ?
The World is Flat
Thomas Friedman
“…companies will go where the knowledge is…”
Coefficient of Flatness
“…the flatter one’s country is – that is, the fewer natural resources it has – the better of it will be in
a flat world…”