From DNA to Protein

Lecture 14Pp 229-263

07_01_Genetic info.jpg

•TRANSCRIPTION

•TRANSLATION

07_02_Genes express.jpg

Example A = rapid transcriptionExample B = slow transcription

07_03_RNA _v_DNA.jpg

07_06_Transcription.jpg

07_07_RNApolymer.jpg

07_08_Transcript_EM.jpg

07_09_1_bacterial gene.jpg

Bacterial Transcription

07_09_2_bacterial gene.jpgBacterial Transcription

07_10_transcr_DNA.jpgBacterial Transcription

07_11_pores.nuc.envl.jpgBacterial Transcription?

07_12_capping.jpg

Bacterial Transcription

Eukaryotic TranscriptionCAPPING & POLYADENYLATION

07_13_Eucar_v_bact.jpg•INTRONS & EXONS

07_14_exons_introns.jpg

07_15_end_intron.jpg3 regions required for proper intron removal

Just learn that there is an ‘AG’ on the 5’ side and an ‘A’ on the 3’ end as well as an ‘A’ in the intron itself…

07_16_RNA_chain .jpg

•Performed by snRNA in associationWith proteins = snRNPDo not learn the whole slide…

07_17_spliceosome.jpgSPLICEOSOME - a complex of proteins and RNA which performs the actual splicing action.

You will not be tested on this slide

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Alternative Splicing Stratergy

07_19_export_cytop.jpg

07_20_Pro_v_Eucar.jpg

07_22_readingframes.jpg

Reading frames

07_23_tRNA.jpg

07_24_UUU codes.jpg

You will not be tested on this slide

07_25_coding.jpg

You will not be tested on this slide

07_26_2_adaptors.jpg

07_27_RibosomesEM.jpg

07_28_ribosome.jpg

07_29_binding.site.jpg

07_30_3_step_cycle.jpg

07_31_ribos_shape.jpg

07_32_initiation.jpg

07_33_mRNA.encode.jpg

07_34_stop codon.jpg

07_35_polyribosome.jpg

07_36_proteasome.jpg

Proteasome - Present in the cytoplasm of virtually all cells. Degrades proteins to amino acids or small peptides

07_37_Protein.produc.jpg

07_38_RNA world.jpg

07_39_copy_itself.jpgRNA makes copies of itself via first making a complementary RNA strand, which is itself used to make the copy RNA

07_40_ribozyme.jpg

RNA can act as an enzyme!!

Here it catalyses the cleavage of an RNA substrate

07_41_catalyze_synt.jpg

07_42_RNA_DNA.jpg