Frequency and predictors of

consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS

patients receiving antiretroviral

therapy in Western Ethiopia

Zewdneh Shewamene Sabe (B.Pharm, MSc)College of Medicine and Health Sciences

University of Gondar, Ethiopia November 26, 2014

Outline

Introduction

Objectives

Materials and methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusion

2

Introduction

o HIV/AIDS is one of the greatest public

health problems of sub-Saharan Africa

countries

o Consistent condom use among others

remains the most effective barrier method

against HIV transmission

3

Introduction…

Rationale of the study

o So far, facilitators and barriers to consistent

condom use among the public has been

addressed

o However, frequency and predictors of

consistent condom use in HIV/AIDS patients

was not studied adequately

o This scenario deserved to be investigated4

Objectives

o To investigate the frequency and

predictors of consistent condom use in

HIV/AIDS patients

5

Materials and Methods Study setting and design

o The study was conducted at university of

Gondar referral Hospital anti-retroviral

treatment (ART) clinic

o A total of 330 randomly selected patients

were interviewed using structured

interview guide

o Cross sectional study design was adapted

from April to May, 20136

Materials and Methods…

Statistical analysis and ethical issues

o The data were coded, entered, cleaned, and analyzed

using SPSS Statistics, version 20 for Windows

o Descriptive statistics were conducted using

frequencies and proportions

o Bivariate and multivariate analyses were carried out

using logistic regression to examine associations7

Result and Discussion

Variables Frequency (No = 317) Percent (%)Sex Male 158 49.8

Female 159 50.2Age(years) 18-30 105 33.1

31-45 148 46.746-65 50 15.8>65 14 4.4

Religion Orthodox 212 66.9Muslim 82 25.9Protestant 23 7.2

Marital status Married 140 44.2Single 67 21.1Divorced 57 18.0Widowed 53 16.7

ResidenceUrban 234 73.8Rural 83 26.2

Educational status Primary school 105 33.1Secondary school 118 37.3Higher education 40 12.6Illiterate 54 17.0

8

Table 1: Socio-demographic Characteristics

Result...

9

Table 2: General awareness regarding condom use Variables Frequency

(n=317)Percentage (%)

Have u ever heard of condom? Yes 305 96.2No 12 3.8

Have you ever attend any condom session? Yes 182 57.4No 135 42.6

Correct use of condom will prevent HIV/AIDS transmission?

Yes 275 86.8

No 42 13.2Correct use of condom will prevent STIs? Yes 267 84.2

No 50 15.8Correct use of condom will prevent pregnancy? Yes 295 93.1

No 22 6.9The HIV virus cannot pass` through the condom Yes 238 75.1

No 79 24.9I always use condom during sex in the last six months

yes 250 78.9No 67 21.1

Result...

10

Table 3: Facilitators of consistent condom use

Variables

Consistent condom use Bivariate Analysis COR (95% CI)

Multivariate analysis AOR (95% CI)

P-value

Yes No

Sex Male 140(88.6%) 18(11.4%) 8.38 (4.83-13.99)1.00

6.87 (3.84-11.22)1.00

0.001Female 110(69.1%) 49(30.9%)

Residential area

Urban 188(80.3%) 46(19.7%) 6.40 (3.44-11.80)1.00

4.65 (3.09-9.11) 0.001Rural 62(74.6%) 21(25.4%) 1.00

Educational status

Primary 84(80%) 21(20%) 1.98 (1.43-2.48)

2.00 (1.43-3.87)

12.38 (7.70-20.84)

1.00

1.45 (1.03-2.23) 0.023

Secondary 99(83.9%) 19(16.1%) 1.74 (1.23-2.98) 0.011

Higher 37(92.5%) 3(7.5%) 8.98 (5.06-14.45) 0.001

Illiterate 30(55.6%) 24(44.4%) 1.00

Result...

11

Consistent condom use was reported by 250

(78.9%) participants; 140 (88.6%) males and 110

(69.1%) of females

o Men were more exposed for dialogues with friends

and colleagues (Yalew et al, 2012)

o Females unable to negotiate condom use during

sexual intercourse (Kennedy et al 2007)

(OR 6.87; 95% CI 3.84-11.22)

Result...

12

Participants aged between 31-45 years (OR

1.98; 95%CI 1.51-2.29) were more likely to

practice consistent condom use compared to

other age groups

o Participants at sexually active age were more likely

to have better information concerning condom (Dia

et al, 2010, Hurtado et al, 2011)

Result...

13

Consistent use of condom was significantly

different between urban (OR 4.65; 95% CI

3.09-9.11) and rural participants

o Information gap would exist between these areas

(Dessie et al, 2011)

Result...

14

Respondents with an advanced level of

education were more likely to report regular

use of condoms (OR 8.98; 95% CI 5.06-14.45)

compared to those without the education

o This result is quite similar with a study in Addis

Ababa public hospitals (Dessie et al, 2011) which

could possibly be due to behavioral changes

acquainted through education

Result...

15

Duration since ART initiated was significant

predictor of consistent condom use (OR

3.91, 95%CI 2.07-6.25)

This could be due to the more robust counseling

among ART experienced patients compared to

those who were new for ART

Conclusion Significant portion of the following HIV/AIDS patients were

not using condom consistently

Females

Rural dwellers

Uneducated groups and

New ART users

In light of this, increasing awareness about the importance of

consistent condom use among HIV/AIDS patients will be critical to

reduce the transmission as well as infection by multiple viral strains

16

Acknowledgement

o University of Gondar

o Amref Health Africa

17

18