French Revolution: A French Revolution: A New France & Radical New France & Radical

DaysDays

Declaration of the Rights of Declaration of the Rights of Man Man

►Modeled after the Declaration of Modeled after the Declaration of IndependenceIndependence

►All men born free and equal in rightsAll men born free and equal in rights►Natural rights: liberty, property, Natural rights: liberty, property,

security & resistance to oppression security & resistance to oppression ►How do these reflect Enlightenment How do these reflect Enlightenment

ideas?ideas?

Marie Antoinette Marie Antoinette

►Daughter of Maria Theresa Daughter of Maria Theresa ►Married to Louis XVIMarried to Louis XVI►Attacked for being frivolous & Attacked for being frivolous &

extravagant extravagant ►Women March on Versailles-Women March on Versailles- anger anger

directed at queen and king, demanded directed at queen and king, demanded bread & food bread & food

►““Let them eat cake”- she is supposed to Let them eat cake”- she is supposed to have said in response to cries for bread have said in response to cries for bread

Constitution of 1791 Constitution of 1791

►Reflected Enlightenment goals:Reflected Enlightenment goals: Set up a limited monarchySet up a limited monarchy Ended church interference in government Ended church interference in government Ensured equality before the law for all Ensured equality before the law for all

male citizens male citizens

►Meanwhile, King & Queen try to Meanwhile, King & Queen try to escape from Paris but are caught escape from Paris but are caught

Monarchy Abolished Monarchy Abolished

►Radicals took control & established a Radicals took control & established a republicrepublic- government not ruled by a - government not ruled by a monarch but by elected representativesmonarch but by elected representatives

►Death of king & queen Death of king & queen King convicted of being a traitor to France & King convicted of being a traitor to France &

sentenced to death. Beheaded.sentenced to death. Beheaded. Marie Antoinette is beheaded later that year.Marie Antoinette is beheaded later that year. GuillotineGuillotine- device used for carrying- device used for carrying out executions by decapitation. out executions by decapitation.

Robespierre and the Reign of Robespierre and the Reign of TerrorTerror

► Leader of the Leader of the Committee of Public Safety-Committee of Public Safety- formed to deal with threats to France; battled formed to deal with threats to France; battled to save the revolutionto save the revolution

►Hated the old regime & believed that France Hated the old regime & believed that France could achieve a republic of virtue only though could achieve a republic of virtue only though the use of terror (severe justice)the use of terror (severe justice)

►Reign of Terror-Reign of Terror- Lasted from 1793-1794. Lasted from 1793-1794. 40,000 were killed, most executed by 40,000 were killed, most executed by guillotine. guillotine. Robespierre was arrested & executed, ending the Robespierre was arrested & executed, ending the

Reign of Terror Reign of Terror

Women in the Revolution Women in the Revolution

►Declaration of the Rights of Woman-Declaration of the Rights of Woman- demanded equal rights for women; demanded equal rights for women; women should have the same rights as women should have the same rights as men men Written by Olympe de Gouges Written by Olympe de Gouges

►Women’s revolutionary clubs were Women’s revolutionary clubs were banned & women were imprisoned & banned & women were imprisoned & sent to guillotine sent to guillotine

Rise of Nationalism Rise of Nationalism

►NationalismNationalism- A strong feeling of pride - A strong feeling of pride in and devotion to one’s country in and devotion to one’s country War & revolution gave the French people War & revolution gave the French people

a strong sense of national identity a strong sense of national identity People no longer felt loyalty to one single People no longer felt loyalty to one single

person, but to the nation itself person, but to the nation itself

French Revolution Timeline: French Revolution Timeline: Continued Continued

► You will construct a timeline of the events of the French Revolution. You will construct a timeline of the events of the French Revolution. With each date, give a brief description of the event & a colored With each date, give a brief description of the event & a colored picturepicture

► Pgs. 470-481Pgs. 470-481► Due at the end of class today. Due at the end of class today. ► Dates:Dates:

1770s 1770s 1780s1780s May 1789May 1789 July 14, 1789July 14, 1789 June 1791June 1791 April 1792April 1792 September 1792September 1792 January 1793January 1793 October 1793October 1793 July 1794July 1794 Reign of TerrorReign of Terror