FRENCH HIGH GOTHIC

NOTRE –DAME- DE - PARIS, 1200 -1345 (LOOKING NORTH) HIGH GOTHIC -- FOUR LEVELS, TOP 2 = WINDOWS

NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS (ON ÎLE DE LA CITÉ), LOOKING EAST

NOTRE-DAME DE PARIS – EXTERIOR VIEW OF APSE – AND A ROOF GARGOYLE

FLYING BUTTRESS, NOTRE-DAME DE PARISTRACERY AND PINNACLES – ALSO TRUE GARGOYLES

VIRGIN AND CHILD (VIRGIN OF PARIS), NOTRE-DAME, PARIS, FRANCE, EARLY 14TH CENTURY.

“HUMANIZING” NATURALISM

NEAR S-CURVE

SAINT-CHAPELLE, INTERIOR OF THE UPPER CHAPEL, 1243–1248 (ALSO ON ÎLE DE LA CITÉ)

WHAT STYLE?

RAYONNANT

6,250’ OF STAINED CLASS – MORE GLASS THAN WALLS

PATRON? LOUIS IX (ST. LOUIS)

ANOTHER VIEW OF THE UPPER CHAPEL AT SAINT-CHAPELLE – WITH SWARMS OF TOURISTS

NOTE THAT THE RIBS OVER THE ALTAR ARE PURELY DECORATIVE, NOT STRUCTURAL

ROBERT DE LUZARCHES, THOMAS DE CORMONT, AND RENAUD DE CORMONT, WEST FACADE OF AMIENS CATHEDRAL, AMIENS, FRANCE, BEGUN 1220

EAST FAÇADE OF AMIENS CATHEDRAL

INTERIOR OF AMIENS CATHEDRAL (LOOKING EAST)

HEIGHT, LIGHTNESS AND LIGHT!

VAULTS, CLERESTORY, AND TRIFORIUM OF THE CHOIR OF AMIENS CATHEDRAL

CHRIST (BEAU DIEU), TRUMEAU STATUE OF CENTRAL DOORWAY, WEST FACADE, AMIENS CATHEDRAL

A “KINDER, GENTLER” JESUS

AND HE’S REACHING OUT OF THE TRUMEAU

WEST FAÇADE OF REIMS CATHEDRAL, REIMS, FRANCE © 1225–1290.

WHAT’S NEW?

STAINED GLASS TYMPANAE

VERTICALITY

REIMS CATHEDRAL, NAVE, LOOING EAST

ANNUNCIATION AND VISITATION, JAMB SCULPTURES OR CENTRAL DOOR, WEST PORTAL, REIMS

ALMOST CLASSICAL NATURALISM, CONTRAPPOSTO (AND “OUT OF THE BOX”)

FRENCH LATE GOTHIC

PIERRE ROBIN AND AMBROSE HAREN, SAINT-MACLOU, WESTERN FAÇADE. ROUEN, FRANCE © 1500–1514.

FLAMBOYANT!

MANY DECORATIVE (NON-STRUCTURAL) ELEMENTS

SECULAR FRENCH “GOTHIC” ARCHITECTURE

RESTORED AERIAL VIEW OF THE FORTIFIED TOWN OF CARCASSONNE, FRANCE. BASTIONS AND TOWERS, 12TH–13TH Cs.

EXPULSION OF THE CATHARS FROM CARCASSONNE

HALL OF THE CLOTH GUILD, BRUGES, BELGIUM, BEGUN 1230

SECULAR COMPETING WITH SACRED!

HOUSE OF JACQUES COEUR, BOURGES, FRANCE, 1443–1451

MERCHANTS AS RICH AS SOME NOBLES, INCREASING SECULAR POWER!

ENGLISH GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

SPECIFIC GOALS:

UNDERSTAND THE DECORATED AND PERPENDICULAR VARIATIONS OF THE GOTHIC STYLE IN ENGLAND.

EXAMINE THE COMPLEX TOMBS OF ROYALTY AND OTHER ART FORMS IN GOTHIC ENGLAND.

AERIAL VIEW OF SALISBURY CATHEDRAL, SALISBURY, ENGLAND, 1220–1258; WEST FACADE COMPLETED 1265; SPIRE © 1320–1330.

SALISBURY CATHEDRAL

WEST FAÇADE, SALISBURY CATHEDRAL

HOW DIFFERENT FROM FRENCH?

SHORT, WIDER THAN NAVE, FEWER WINDOWS, RELIEFS, 5 LEVELS, TOWER OVER CROSSING

PLAN, SALISBURY CATHEDRAL

LONG AXIS TYPICALLY ENGLISH (COMPARE DURHAM), DOUBLE TRANSEPTS ROMANESQUE, BUT GOTHIC RECTANGULAR NAVE BAYS AND SQUARE AISLE BAYS

NAVE, SALISBURY CATHEDRAL

LIKE FRENCH:

TRIPARTITE ELEVATION, QUADRIPARTITE RIBBED VAULTS

DIFFERENT:

OVERALL HORIZONTAL ORIENTATION, LESS UNITY (RIBS SPRING FROM CORBELS, NOT THE PIERS), NO ROSE, NO STAINED GLASS (ORIGINALLY), LANCETS BUT NO OCULI, LESS LIGHT

CHOIR OF GLOUCESTER CATHEDRAL (LOOKING EAST), GLOUCESTER, ENGLAND, 1332–1357

PERPENDICULAR STYLE – PURELY ORNAMENTAL "VAULT RIBS"

GLOUCESTER

NAVE VAULTS, GLOUCESTER CATHEDRAL

ROBERT AND WILLIAM VERTUE, FAN VAULTS, CHAPEL OF HENRY VII, WESTMINSTER ABBEY, LONDON

NAVE AND APSE, CHAPEL OF HENRY VII, WESTMINSTER ABBEY

TOMB OF EDWARD II, GLOUCESTER CATHEDRAL, GLOUCESTER, ENGLAND, © 1330–1335

EXAMPLE OF THE ENGLISH ROYAL TOMB

GERMAN GOTHIC

SPECIFIC GOALS:

UNDERSTAND THE BUILDING OF THE COLOGNE CATHEDRAL AND ITS EMPHASIS ON HEIGHT.

ANALYZE THE STRUCTURE AND ORIGINS OF THE GERMAN HALLENKIRKE AND WHY IT DIFFERS FROM THE FRENCH-INFLUENCED GOTHIC.

ANALYZE THE EMOTIONAL EXPRESSION AND DRAMA OF THE GERMAN GOTHIC SCULPTURE.

EXAMINE THE COMPLEX ALTARS, SHRINES, AND RELIQUARIES OF THE GERMAN GOTHIC.

GEHRHARD OF COLOGNE, COLOGNE CATHERDRAL, BEGUN 1248, COMPLETED 1888, AERIAL VIEW LOOKING NORTH

COLOGNE CATHEDRAL – THE EASTERN END IS 13TH- C. (BUT REST IS SUPPOSELY BUILT TO ORIGINAL PLAN). NAVE, 422’ LONG. IT HAS DOUBLE AISLES (DIFFERENT FROM FRENCH AND ENGLISH)

CHOIR AND APSE, COLOGNE CATHEDRAL (150’ HIGH)

HAS LIGHTNESS AND UNITY OF FRENCH GOTHIC, BUT HEIGHT GIVES IT SOME PERPENDICULARITY

SAINT ELIZABETH, MARBURG, 1235- 1283, WESTERN FAÇADE

EXTERIOR CLOSER TO OTTONIAN/ ROMANESQUE THAN FRENCH GOTHIC (NO TRACERY, NO SCULPTURE

HALLENKIRCHE – HALL CHURCH – ALSO ROMANESQUE

SAINT ELIZABETH’S, MARBURG, EASTERN END (APSE) – NO RADIATING CHAPELS, NO BUTTRESSES (BECAUSE WALLS ARE MASSIVE)

INTERIOR OF SAINT ELIZABETH'S:

HALL CHURCH WITH GOTHIC RIBBED VAULTS AND LANCET WINDOWS

STRASBOURG CATHEDRAL, WESTERN FAÇADE, STRASBOURG FRANCE (ALSACE), 1176 - 1240

LOWER PART OF WEST PORTAL, STRASBOURG CATHEDRAL

FLYING BUTTRESSES, STRASBOURG CATHEDRAL

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/35/Frontispice_cath%C3%A9drale_Strasbourg.JPG

DEATH OF THE VIRGIN, TYMPANUM OF LEFT DOORWAY, SOUTH TRANSEPT, STRASBOURG CATHEDRAL

NOTE COMPOSITION, NATURALISM AND EMOTION (AND INTERTWINING ON ARCHIVOLT)

ECKEHARD AND UTASTATUES IN THE WEST CHOIR, NAUMBURG CATHEDRALNAUMBURG, GERMANY © 1249-1255PAINTED LIMESTONE6’ 2” HIGH

POWER AND AUTHORITY

EQUESTRIAN PORTRAIT (BAMBERG RIDER), STATUE IN THE EAST CHOIR, BAMBERG CATHEDRAL, GERMANY © 1235–1240. SANDSTONE, 7’ 9” HIGH.

MAINLY A CURIOSITY