French and Indian War

Causes of the French & Indian War

• Land

• Trade

• Long Term Hatred

LandGrowth and ProsperityAs the colonies expanded life became prosperous for the colonist.

Lands became over developed and cities began to expand, settlers search the frontiers.

As frontiersman and traders crossed into the Ohio valley they came in contact with French lands.

Natives & Colonists Clash

• Conflict over Lands

• 1. Pequot War 1636• 2. New England Colonies

against local Indian Tribes • a) Narraganset• b) Mohegan• 3. 1675 King Philips War• a) Metcacom and

followers attack 12 towns along the frontier.

Fur Trading • 1. Furs were lucrative

business for the French frontiersman.

• 2. English traders began to hunt for furs and pelts.

• 3. Competition caused by English settlers led to problems with Native Americans.

Trade

War Comes to North America

Long Term Hatred born in Europe

• King Williams War (1689-1697)

• Queen Anne’s War (1702-1713)

• King George’s War (1744-1748)

• Seven Years War (1756-1763)

A spread of the European conflict to the Americas.

(Known As the French & Indian War)

Iroquois League (Six Nations)

• 1. Confederation of Native American Tribes

• (The Seneca, Cayugas, Onondagas, Oneidas, and Mohawks of NY)

• 2. Joined later by the Tuscaroras in 1722.

• 3. Dominated Fur trade and kept independence from Europeans.

• 4. During the war they played one side against the other.

Albany Plan

Benjamin Franklin’s Plan was the first real plan to unite the colonies as one.

The Plan Failed because it was reject by most colonial assemblies. They feared raised taxes and the giving up too much power to the King.

Benjamin Franklin wrote about how the colonies should unite and one in an article published in the Pennsylvania Gazette on May 9, 1754.[

Virginia Colony

• Acquired a large grant a land in the Ohio Valley.

• (Land Speculators)• Need to be survey to be

divided up into plots to turn a quick profit

• Build Fort Duquesne on frontier to protect English land rights.

• French drive Virginians out and blow up Fort.

Washington to the Rescue• Governor Robert Dinwiddie

sends LTCL. Geo. Washington and Va. Militia to expel French.

• @ Ft. Necessity, Washington is captured and allowed to return.

• General Edward Braddock and British troops go to attack by French, Delaware and Ottawa’s, and Abnakis tribes .

Fort Necessity July 4, 1754

Braddock’s Last Stand

• General Edward Braddock and troops go to attack by French, Delaware and Ottawa’s, and Abnakis.

• Braddock is killed, His troops are attacked and beaten badly.

William Pitt takes command and pours supplies and men into America.

Treaty of Paris• Major Results of the French & Indian War

1. British territorial claims greatly expanded in America.

2. British debt grew in an attempt to finance an ever-expanding war.

3. Resentment towards American colonists grew in Parliament among those who saw Americans as unwilling    to financially support a war on their behalf.

4. American colonists unified for the first time against a common enemy.

5. Colonial militias saw themselves as volunteers or a "people's army" in contrast to the authoritarian and    coercive British army.

6. France's influence in development of North American dwindled mightily.