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Freedom & Structure in Pedagogy:
A Challenge for Teachers & Researchers
Freedom & Structure in Pedagogy:
A Challenge for Teachers & Researchers
Bernie Dodge, PhDSan Diego State University
Bernie Dodge, PhDSan Diego State University
WebQuests: The Beginning
WebQuests: The Beginning
1993: $5M grant7 Post-doc
fellows12 GA’sDelphi studyMeta-analysisPrototype
testing n=500
1993: $5M grant7 Post-doc
fellows12 GA’sDelphi studyMeta-analysisPrototype
testing n=500
WebQuests: The Beginning
WebQuests: The Beginning
New WebQuest ServerNew WebQuest Server
http://webquest.sdsu.edu
NowNow4500 - 8100 hits/day470,000 “WebQuests” in Google4500 - 8100 hits/day470,000 “WebQuests” in Google
http://webquest.sdsu.edu/matrix.html
The New PortalThe New Portal
http://webquest.org
Parts of a WebQuestParts of a WebQuest
IntroductionTaskProcessEvaluationTeacher Page
IntroductionTaskProcessEvaluationTeacher Page
http://www.arches.uga.edu/~nishi/webquest.html
What is Scaffolding?What is Scaffolding?Scaffolding is a temporary structure which provides help at specific points in the learning process.
It allows learners to complete a challenging task which they would not be able to accomplish without help.
How Do We Scaffold in a WebQuest?
How Do We Scaffold in a WebQuest?
by…Specifying the TaskSpecifying roles and perspectivesProviding links and offline resourcesProviding outlines, guides and templatesGuiding thinking through visual and
other means
by…Specifying the TaskSpecifying roles and perspectivesProviding links and offline resourcesProviding outlines, guides and templatesGuiding thinking through visual and
other means
BalanceBalance
Teaching Machines: An Educational Technology
That Failed
Teaching Machines: An Educational Technology
That Failed
(Sequence of a Teaching Machine lesson)
(Sequence of a Teaching Machine lesson)
Why Did PI Fail?Why Did PI Fail?
Cognitively Learning involves molecules, not atoms
Motivationally Error-free learning is boring Success after struggle is gratifying
Cognitively Learning involves molecules, not atoms
Motivationally Error-free learning is boring Success after struggle is gratifying
LogoLogo
Meaning What?Meaning What?
Let’s pay attention to motivationLet’s assign challenging tasks with messy,
authentic data from the webLet’s focus on helping students teach
themselves with the web rather than on our packaging ourselves as the source of information.
Let’s pay attention to motivationLet’s assign challenging tasks with messy,
authentic data from the webLet’s focus on helping students teach
themselves with the web rather than on our packaging ourselves as the source of information.
This WebQuest has ALL the right stuff!
This WebQuest has ALL the right stuff!
What would a freer version of this WebQuest look like?What would a freer version of this WebQuest look like?
WebQuests and WeaningWebQuests and Weaning
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
WebQuests and WeaningWebQuests and Weaning
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
WebQuests and WeaningWebQuests and Weaning
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
WebQuests and WeaningWebQuests and Weaning
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
Q: How does this way of teaching prepare kids to be independent inquirers?
A: Gradually!
Fading the WebQuest Support
Fading the WebQuest Support
TASK: Gradually allow more flexibility in how and what to produce in the task
PROCESS: Gradually provide fewer URLs and expect learners to find more
PROCESS: Gradually move scaffolding of notetaking, information organizing, writing prompts, etc. from required to implicit.
CONCLUSION: Put more resources here for learners to explore on their own later
TASK: Gradually allow more flexibility in how and what to produce in the task
PROCESS: Gradually provide fewer URLs and expect learners to find more
PROCESS: Gradually move scaffolding of notetaking, information organizing, writing prompts, etc. from required to implicit.
CONCLUSION: Put more resources here for learners to explore on their own later
Degrees of ScaffoldingDegrees of Scaffolding
There’s an appropriate balance point. It depends on your learners.
There’s an appropriate balance point. It depends on your learners.
Spoon Feeding
Sink or Swim
Researching These IssuesResearching These Issues
Engaging scenarioComplex taskScaffolded processPre-selected resourcesDetailed evaluation
Engaging scenarioComplex taskScaffolded processPre-selected resourcesDetailed evaluation
Researching These IssuesResearching These Issues
Compare variations within the modelCompare variations within the model
James Frazee StudyJames Frazee Study
Title: WebQuest Design Strategies: A Case Study Measuring the Effect of the Jigsaw Method on Students’ Personal Agency Beliefs, Engagement, and Learning
Title: WebQuest Design Strategies: A Case Study Measuring the Effect of the Jigsaw Method on Students’ Personal Agency Beliefs, Engagement, and Learning
Researching These IssuesResearching These Issues
DON’T compare WebQuest vs TraditionalDON’T compare WebQuest vs Traditional
Tablet PCsTablet PCs
Will come in many shapesWill come in many shapes
Digital JewelryDigital Jewelry
QuickTime™ and a YUV420 codec decompressor are needed to see this picture.
The FutureThe Future
Pervasive computingUbiquitous access to informationNeed for everyone to know how
to evaluate data and create new knowledge
Early practice at inquiry is critical
Pervasive computingUbiquitous access to informationNeed for everyone to know how
to evaluate data and create new knowledge
Early practice at inquiry is critical
![Internet en el aula: las WebQuest. · El creador de las WebQuest, Bernie Dodge [2], profesor de tecnología educativa de la San Diego State University, las define como “una actividad](https://img.dokumen.tips/doc/110x75/604024204e5e643c04515eb2/internet-en-el-aula-las-el-creador-de-las-webquest-bernie-dodge-2-profesor.jpg)
