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Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-1
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
Central to Strategy Implementation –Central to Strategy Implementation –
– Acquiring needed capitalAcquiring needed capital– Developing pro forma financial statementsDeveloping pro forma financial statements– Preparing financial budgetsPreparing financial budgets– Evaluating worth of a businessEvaluating worth of a business
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-2
Decisions Requiring Finance/Accounting PoliciesDecisions Requiring Finance/Accounting Policies
Raise capital w/ short-term, long-term preferred or common stock
Lease or buy fixed assets
Determine an appropriate dividend payout ratio
Use LIFO, FIFO, or market-value accounting approach
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-3
Decisions Requiring Finance/Accounting PoliciesDecisions Requiring Finance/Accounting Policies
Extend time of accounts receivable
Establish percentage discount on accounts for terms
Determine the amount of cash kept on hand
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-4
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
Acquiring Capital to Implement Strategies –Acquiring Capital to Implement Strategies –
• Basic sources of capital:Basic sources of capital:– DebtDebt– EquityEquity
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-5
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
Debt vs. Equity Decisions –Debt vs. Equity Decisions –
• EPS/EBIT analysisEPS/EBIT analysis– Earnings per share/Earnings before interest Earnings per share/Earnings before interest
and taxesand taxes
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-6
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
Pro Forma Financial Statements -Pro Forma Financial Statements -
• Allows an organization to examine the Allows an organization to examine the expected results of various actions and expected results of various actions and approachesapproaches
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-7
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
6 Steps in Pro Forma Financial Analysis6 Steps in Pro Forma Financial Analysis
1.1. Prepare income statement before balance sheet Prepare income statement before balance sheet (forecast sales)(forecast sales)
2.2. Use percentage-of-sales method to project CGS and Use percentage-of-sales method to project CGS and expensesexpenses
3.3. Calculate projected net incomeCalculate projected net income4.4. Subtract dividends to be paid from Net Income and Subtract dividends to be paid from Net Income and
add remaining to Retained Earningsadd remaining to Retained Earnings5.5. Project balance sheet times beginning with retained Project balance sheet times beginning with retained
earningsearnings6.6. List comments (remarks) on projected statementsList comments (remarks) on projected statements
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-8
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
Financial Budget –Financial Budget –
Document that details how funds will be Document that details how funds will be obtained and spent for a specified obtained and spent for a specified period of time.period of time.
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-9
Finance/Accounting IssuesFinance/Accounting Issues
Types of Budgets –Types of Budgets –
– Cash budgetsCash budgets– Operating budgetsOperating budgets– Sales budgetsSales budgets– Profit budgetsProfit budgets– Factory budgetsFactory budgets– Capital budgetsCapital budgets– Expense budgetsExpense budgets– Divisional budgetsDivisional budgets– Variable budgetsVariable budgets– Flexible budgetsFlexible budgets– Fixed budgetsFixed budgets
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-10
Evaluating Worth of a BusinessEvaluating Worth of a Business
Central to strategy implementation as Central to strategy implementation as integrative, intensive and diversification integrative, intensive and diversification strategies are often implement through strategies are often implement through acquisitions of other firms.acquisitions of other firms.
Fred R. DavidPrentice Hall
Ch 8-11
Evaluating Worth of a BusinessEvaluating Worth of a Business
3 Basic approaches:3 Basic approaches:
1.1. What a firm ownsWhat a firm owns2.2. What a firm earnsWhat a firm earns3.3. What a firm will bring in the marketWhat a firm will bring in the market