Franklin D. Roosevelt and the New Deal

FDR Elected in 1932Took Oath of Office – Mar 5, 1933Began New Deal on inauguration

dayNew Deal – economic stimulus

package to get US out of Depression

Elected to 3 more terms 1936, 1940, 1944. Only President to serve more than two.

Restore ConfidenceUpbeat and

OptimisticGreat Speaker

– Inaugural address - “Only thing we have to fear is fear itself”

– Fireside Chats – weekly radio address

The First 100 Days

Greatest period of domestic legislation in American History in regards to the number of significant bills that were passed

Bank Recovery• Lines at banks• 4/5 of states temporarily

closed their banks• Emergency Bank Act –

Mar 9, 1933• Federal Deposit

Insurance Company (FDIC) – June 1933

Creation of Jobs – May 1933Federal

Emergency Relief Act (FERA)

Civil Works Administration

Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA) – May 1933

Farm commodity prices depressedAttempt to make farming

competitiveProvided subsidies for farmers to

not plant - fallow land

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA) – June 1933

Created Public Works Administration - $3.3 billion

Established fair competition standards by industry

Workers rights Opponents argued

it is communismRuled

unconstitutional in 1935

Is It Working?? Had no clear ideological basis, but ... Banks reopen 100,000 people go back to work. Economic indicators start to rise. Creates optimism. Does not end the depression…this

leads to the 2nd New Deal

Reform Legislation of 2nd New Deal WPA – Works Progress Admin NLRA – National Labor Relations Act

(Wagner Act) Social Security Act 1935

New Deal In DeclineFDR’s reputation from Court

Packing takes a hitRecession in 1937 – more criticism

of New DealLabor Strikes – national mood

toward labor declinesIssues with Italy, Germany, Japan

John Maynard KeynesGovernment must spend

during a recession– Deficit spending is OK if

necessaryHope is to jump start the

economyDuring good economic

times you pay down the national debt.

The New Deal in closingIncreased the size of federal

bureaucracy Committed country to federal

responsibility for national welfareAfrican-Americans shift from

republican to democrat voters