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FractionsFractions
Parts of a FractionParts of a Fraction
3
4
= the number of parts
= the total number of parts that equal a whole
Parts of a FractionParts of a Fraction
3
4
= numerator
= denominator
¾ looks like¾ looks like
1/43
4 1/4
1/4
¾ looks like¾ looks like
1/43
4 1/4
1/4
¾ looks like¾ looks like
3
4
1/4
1/4
1/4
What fraction of the pie is purple? What fraction of the pie is purple?
4
4
What fraction of the musical What fraction of the musical instruments have strings? instruments have strings?
2
5
What fraction of the fish have What fraction of the fish have stripes? stripes?
3
5
What fraction of the arrowsWhat fraction of the arrowshit the bull's-eye? hit the bull's-eye?
1
3
What fraction of the pins areWhat fraction of the pins areknocked down? knocked down?
3
10
Proper fractionProper fraction
1/4
3
41/4
1/4
A fraction in A fraction in which the which the numerator is less numerator is less than the than the denominator.denominator.
Improper FractionImproper Fraction
A fraction in which the numerator is greater than the denominator.
=84
Equivalent FractionsEquivalent Fractions
Name the same amount but have different numerators and denominators.
12
= 24
12
1414
Equivalent Fraction ModelsEquivalent Fraction Models
12
24
36
= =
DefinitionDefinition
Factor – a number that is multiplied by another to give a product.
7 x 8 = 56
Factors
DefinitionDefinition
Factor – a number that divides evenly into another.
56 ÷ 8 = 7
Factor
DefinitionDefinition
Prime Number – a number that has only two factors, itself and 1.
77 is prime because the only numbers
that will divide into it evenly are 1 and 7.
Examples of Prime Examples of Prime NumbersNumbers
2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19
Special Note:One is not a prime number.
DefinitionDefinition
Composite number – a number that has more than two factors.
8The factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, 8
Examples of Composite Examples of Composite NumbersNumbers
4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15
Special Note:Every whole number from 2 on is
either composite or prime.
Our Lonely 1Our Lonely 1
Special Note:One is not a prime nor a composite number.
It is not primebecause it doesnot have exactly
two differentfactors.
It is not composite
because it doesnot have morethan 2 factors.
DefinitionDefinition
Prime Factorization – A way to write a composite number as the product of prime factors.
2 x 2 x 3 = 12or
2 x 3 = 122
Simplest FormSimplest Form
When the only common factor of the numerator and denominator is 1, the fraction is in simplest form.
34
34÷
11 =
Greatest Common FactorGreatest Common Factor
The greatest common factor is the largest factor between two numbers.
12 = 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 1218 = 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
How to Find the Simplest Form How to Find the Simplest Form of a Fractionof a Fraction
Find the greatest common factor of the numerator and the denominator and divide both the numerator and the denominator by that number.
1218
23÷
66 =
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