Basic Fraction Review

4

5

numerator: the number of pieces you have

denominator: the number of pieces needed to make a whole

equivalent fractions: represent the same amount

Fractions

Add & Subtract Fractions Must have common denominators!

4 + 5 = 5 + 6 =

11. Find the Least Common Denominator 2. Make Equivalent Fractions with the LCD 3. Add or Subtract the Numerators

Never Add or Subtract the Denominators!

Simplify/Reduce Fractions Divide by Common Factors

5 ÷ 5 = 1 . 10 ÷ 5 = 2 .

Mixed Numbers & Improper Fractions mixed number: a whole number and a fraction

improper fraction: numerator is greater than the denominator 3 . 2

M.N. to I.F.M (multiply) A (add) D (denominator)

+ x

I.F. to M.N.Divide!

3 ÷ 2 = 1 2 3

-2 1

Multiply Fractions Divide Fractions

Whole Number is

“King of the Mountain”

Whole Number x Fraction

3 x 1/4 = 3/4

Repeated Addition: 1/4 + 1/4 + 1/4 =

Algorithm: Write all whole numbers over 1, Multiply Straight Across!

Fraction x Whole Number

1/2 x 4 = 2

Meaning: 1/2 of 4

} 4

Whole Number ÷ Fraction

5 ÷ 1/3 = 15Question: How many times does 1/3 fit into 5?

Algorithm: Write all whole numbers over 1, Multiply First Number by Second Number’s Reciprocal!

Fraction ÷ Whole Number

1/2 ÷ 4 = 1/8

1 2 3

10 11 12

4 5 6

13 14 15

7 8 9

= 1 Whole

Reciprocal Re-flip-rocal!Flip the numerator and denominator: 3 5 (A number times its reciprocal = 1) 5 3

Decimals

Compare Decimals 1. Line up the decimal points 2. Compare each digit

0.9 0.85

Represent Decimals.

standard form: 1.24 word form: one and twenty- four hundredths

expanded form: (1 x 1) + (2 x 0.1) + (4 x 0.01)

Round Decimals 1. Underline the rounding place value 2. Look at the digit to the right

To the Nearest Tenth: 9.45 9.50

To the Nearest Whole Number: 9.45 9.00 9

Add/Subtract Decimals Line up the dot, and give it all you got!

0.7 + 0.93 = 1

0.70 + 0.93 sum 1.63

Decimal Basics Review 1 Whole = 10 tenths = 100 hundredths

Place Value Chart

ones1

decimal point

tenths0.1

hundredths0.01

5 . 6 75.67

Comparison Symbols:

> greater than

< less than

= equal to

0.9 0.85>

Rounding Poem4 or less,

just ignore5 or more,

add one more!

Don’t Forget!

Whole Numbers & Decimal Points6 = 6.0 = 6.00

Multiply Decimals Whole Number x Decimal

2 x 0.3 = 0.6Decimal x Whole Number

0.5 x 3 = 1.5

Decimal x Decimal0.6 x 0.4 = 0.24

Divide Decimals

Area Model

0.27 ÷ 3 = 0.09

Standard Algorithm

0.27 ÷ 3 = 0.09

Bring up the decimal point!

0.093 0.27

- 27 00

Geometry & MeasurementClassify Two-Dimensional Shapes

Quadrilateral

4-sided polygon

Parallelogramquadrilateral with

opposite sides parallel and congruent

Trapezoidquadrilateral with 1

pair of opposite sides parallel Kite

quadrilateral with

adjacent sides

congruent

Rectanglequadrilateral and

parallelogram with 4 right angles

Rhombusquadrilateral and

parallelogram with all sides congruent

Squarequadrilateral and

parallelogram with all sides congruent and 4 right angles

Key:Up = YesDown = Not Always

Vocabulary Review

parallel lines: lines that will never intersect

____________________________________

perpendicular lines: lines that intersect and

form right angles

_______

Angles:right: 90 degrees

acute: less than 90 degrees

obtuse: greater than 90 degrees

congruent:equal,

the same

horizontal: go across__________________

vertical:up and down

protractor:used to

measure angles

Calculate Area, Perimeter, and Volume

Three Dimensional Figures three-dimensional figure:

figures with a length, width, and height

Measurement Conversions

perimeter: the distance around an object

area: the amount needed to cover an object or space

volume: the amount of space an object takes up

4 ft

9 ft

Perimeter of a Rectangle:P = (2 x l) + (2 x w)

P = (2 x 9) + (2 x 4) = 36 ft

5 in

Perimeter of a Square:P = 4 x s

P = 4 x 5 = 20 in

Area of a Rectangle:A = l x w or A = bhA = 8 x 6 = 48 square cm

8 cm

6 cm 12 m

Area of a Square:A = s x s

A = 12 x 12 = 144 square m

Volume of a Rectangular Prism:V = l x w x h or V = Bh

V = 6 x 3 x 4 = 72 cubic cmor

V = 18 x 4 = 72 cubic cm

Volume of a Cube:V = s x s x s

V = 3 x 3 x 3 = 27 cubic units

rectangular prism:a 3-dimensional figure with six faces that are rectangles; all

angles are right angles

cube:a 3-dimensional figure with six

faces that are squares; all angles are right angles

Length

Volume and Capacity

Weight and Mass

Customary:

1 miles (mi) = 1,760 yards (yd)1 yard (yd) = 3 feet (ft)

1 foot (ft) = 12 inches (in)

÷ x Metric:

1 kilometer (km) = 1,000 meters (m)1 meter (m) = 100 centimeters (cm)1 centimeter (cm) = 10 millimeters

÷ x

Customary:

1 gallon (gal) = 4 quarts (qt)1 quart (qt) = 2 pints (pt)1 pint (pt) = 2 cups (c)

1 cup (c) = 8 fluid ounces (fl oz)

÷ xMetric

1 liter (L) = 1,000 milliliters (ml)

÷ x

Customary:

1 ton (T) = 2,000 pounds (lb)1 pound (lb) = 16 ounces (oz)

÷ x Metric:

1 kilogram (kg) = 1,000 grams (g)1 gram (g) = 1,000 milligrams

÷ x

Data & Algebra

Types of Graphs

Coordinate Plane

Order of Operations P parentheses E exponents MD multiplication & division from left to right AS addition & subtraction from left to right

32 ÷ (2 x 2) + 3 =

32 ÷ 4 + 3 = 8 + 3 =

= 12

Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally

origin (0, 0)

x-axis

y-axis

ordered pair (x, y)

(3, 4)

Bar Graph

Dot Plot

Stem and Leaf Plot

Scatterplot

Problem Solving Vocabulary

Number Patterns

Additionsum plusaltogether totaljoined alsocombined bothmore increasein all deposit

Subtractionremainder take awaydifference spendless than fewerchange leftminus lossdecreased by

Multiplicationproducttwice

multiply byof

timesfactor

Divisionquotient

split equallygoes intoput into

divided by half separate

Additive Number Patterns

Rule: Add Two

Multiplicative Number Patterns

Rule: Times Three

Prime & Composite Numbers

When to Use It:-to compare different things-to show change over time

When to Use It:-to show the frequency of different things occurring

When to Use It:-to show the frequency certain values occur

When to Use It:-to show the relationship between two variables (correlation)

prime number: a number with exactly two factorsExamples: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, etc.

composite number: a number with three or more factors Examples: 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 14, 15, 16, etc.

Neither Prime NOR Composite: 0 and 1

Input Output

1 33 55 7

Input Output

1 33 95 15