Upload
seong-woo-kim
View
214
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/31/2019 Foucault and the Genealogy of Psychiatry
1/2
Kim, Seong-woo
Foucault's conception of critique is not an analytics of truth like a Kantian
epistemology by and a Habermasian linguistic communicative theory, but a
historical ontology. Therefore, he calls his way of it a historico-critical
ontology. This is neither a Kantian metaphysical grounding nor a Hegelian
philosophy of history.In his short essay "Subject and Power", Foucault says that over the past 20 years,
the purpose of his work has been to write not the history of power, but one of
the different modes of subjectification of man in the modern Western culture. In
other words, his studies have dealt with three ways of objectification which
transform human beings into subjects. These ways are related to three axes of
truth, power, and ethics respectively. Therefore, his genealogy is merely not one
of power, but only one of subjects linked to truth, power, and ethics.The purpose of this essay is to show that the history written by Foucault
succeeds a Nietzschean genealogy, and tries to resolve the dilemma between
phenomenology and marxism, between humanism and scientism, between
philosophical anthropology and historical positivism. It also is to reveal that
by dong so, he unfolds his philosophically and politically critical activities in
oder to realize the possibilities of Nietzschean genealogy. Therefore, this
treatise is trying to investigate mainly the transition of the axis of truth into
the one of power among the threefold axis of truth, power, and ethics, namely
one of early Foucault's archeology of knowledge into middle Foucault's
genealogy of power. The previous studies have explained this transition by
dealing with the complexity of power-knowledge with a special focus on the
history of prisons. But this study is trying to present the descent and efficacy
of genealogy in relation to psychiatry by analyzing the history of psychiatry as
a complexity of power-knowledge described in the works of his middle years.
7/31/2019 Foucault and the Genealogy of Psychiatry
2/2
This genealogy of psychiatry has not only a distinct relationship with the
histories of madness and deceases written by early Foucault, but also the more
close one with later Foucault's history of sexuality dealt with the problem of
ethics. This essay is trying to show a non-systematic and still methodological
consistency(that is, genealogy of subjects as a historico-critical ontology) of
Foucault's seemingly complicated thought by focusing on a genealogy of
psychiatry.Key Words: Foucault, History of Systems of Thought, Genealogy, Psychiatry,
Power-knowledge