8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

1/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Chapter 7

Transmission

 Media

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

2/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.1  Transmission medium and physical layer 

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

3/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.2  Classes of transmission media

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

4/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

7.1 Guided Media7.1 Guided Media

 Twisted-Pair Cable

Coaial Cable

!iber-"ptic Cable

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

5/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.3  Twisted-pair cable

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

6/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.4  UTP and STP 

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

7/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Table 7.1 Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cablesTable 7.1 Categories of unshielded twisted-pair cables

Category Bandwidth Data Rate Digital/Analog se

1 !ery low " 1## $%&s Analog 'ele&hone

2   " 2 ()* 2 (%&s Analog/digital '+1 lines

3   1, ()* 1# (%&s Digital -As

4   2# ()* 2# (%&s Digital -As

  1## ()* 1## (%&s Digital -As

, 0draft   2## ()* 2## (%&s Digital -As

7 0draft   ,## ()* ,## (%&s Digital -As

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

8/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.  UTP connector 

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

9/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.,  UTP performance

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

10/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.7  Coaial cable

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

11/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Table 7.! Categories of coaial cablesTable 7.! Categories of coaial cables

Category m&edane se

R+5R+5 7 Ca%le '6

R+R+ # 'hin 8thernet

R+11R+11 # 'hi$ 8thernet

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

12/31

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

13/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.5  Coaial cable performance

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

14/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.1#   "ending of light ray

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

15/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.11  $ptical fiber 

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

16/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.12   Propagation modes

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

17/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.13   Modes

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

18/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Table 7.% &iber typesTable 7.% &iber types

'y&e Core Cladding (ode

#/12#/12  # 12 (ultimode9 graded+inde:

,2./12,2./12   ,2. 12 (ultimode9 graded+inde:

1##/121##/12 1## 12 (ultimode9 graded+inde:

7/127/12   7 12 ;ingle+mode

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

19/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.14  &iber construction

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

20/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.1  &iber-optic cable connectors

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

21/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.1,  $ptical fiber performance

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

22/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

7.2 Unguided Media: Wireless7.2 Unguided Media: Wireless

Radio

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

23/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.17   'lectromagnetic spectrum for wireless communication

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

24/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.1   Propagation methods

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

25/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Table 7.( "andsTable 7.( "ands

BandBand RangeRange =ro&agation=ro&agation A&&liationA&&liation

6-F6-F 3>3# ?)* round -ong+range radio na!igation

-F-F 3#>3## ?)* roundRadio %eaons and

na!igational loators

(F(F 3## ?)*>3 ()* ;$y A( radio

)F)F 3>3# ()* ;$y

Citi*ens %and 0CB9

shi&/airraft ommuniation

6)F6)F 3#>3## ()*;$y and

line+of+sight6)F '69F( radio

)F)F 3## ()*>3 )* -ine+of+sight)F '69 ellular &hones9

&aging9 satellite

;)F;)F 3>3# )* -ine+of+sight ;atellite ommuniation

8)F8)F 3#>3## )* -ine+of+sight -ong+range radio na!igation

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

26/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.15  )ireless transmission wa*es

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

27/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.2#  $mnidirectional antennas

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

28/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

 +adio wa*es are used for multicast

communications, such as radio andtele*ision, and paging systems.

oteote::

Fi 7 21 U idi i l

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

29/31

 McGraw-Hill © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 2004

Figure 7.21  Unidirectional antennas

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

30/31

8/16/2019 Forouzan chp7

31/31

 0nfrared signals can be used for short-

range communication in a closed areausing line-of-sight propagation.

oteote::