Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 The Ionosphere as Signal and Noise in Radio Occultation Christian Rocken, Sergey Sokolovskiy, Bill Schreiner,

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Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 TEC EDP SCINTILLATION km and Plasmasphere IMPERFECT IONOSPHERIC CORRECTION ( km ) LOW QUALITY L2 OBSERVATONS (< 20 km ) Ionospheric Observations and Noise

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Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 The Ionosphere as Signal and Noise in Radio Occultation Christian Rocken, Sergey Sokolovskiy, Bill Schreiner, Doug Hunt, Stig Syndergard, Karl Hudnut UCAR COSMIC Project Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 Radio Occultation Ionosphere as signal Ionosphere is noise Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 TEC EDP SCINTILLATION km and Plasmasphere IMPERFECT IONOSPHERIC CORRECTION ( km ) LOW QUALITY L2 OBSERVATONS (< 20 km ) Ionospheric Observations and Noise Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 COSMIC trans- ionospheric radio links for a 100-min period, June 29, 2007 Amount of COSMIC-observed Trans Ionospheric TEC Data Quality of abs. TEC ~2 TECU Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 Current Latency of COSMIC TEC Data Location of Low-Latency TEC Arcs Most data are downloaded from Satellites < 100 m Processing at CDAAC takes ~ 20 minutes Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 COSMIC - Ionosonde Comparison Jan. 2008, distance < 500 km, time difference < 15 min, colors indicate ionosondes HMF2 rms=57 km F0F2 rms=0.60 MHz Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 Scintillation Sensing with COSMIC No scintillation S4=0.005 Scintillation S4=0.113 GPS/MET SNR data Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 Global Scintillation Mapping with COSMIC S4 Index Maximum between km Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 Amplitude scintillations (S4 index based on 50-Hz observations) E-Layer scintillation: Occurs at all local times except near sun-rise (3-7 LT), strongest near sun- set (14-19 LT). Most active between deg north and south latitude More pronounced in NH than SH Stronger S4 than F-layer scintillation Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 F-Layer scintillation: Occurs sunset to sunrise ( LT). Most active in equatorial region (+/- 30 degrees). Weaker S4 than E-layer scintillation Amplitude scintillations (S4 index based on 50-Hz observations) Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 Ionospheric Calibration We estimate systematic ionospheric error by computing the mean of the iono-free bending angle minus neutral bending angle (from climatology) in the km height bin. We compare this quantity smean for daytime vs. nighttime soundings. COSMIC Days 0-120, < Lat. < 20 DAY (11