Formation and Formation and Foundation of IslamFoundation of Islam

Outline:Outline:

What is Islam?What is Islam? What do Muslims believe? (How is What do Muslims believe? (How is

Islam practiced)Islam practiced) History and origin?History and origin? Major RegionsMajor Regions How wide spread is Islam?How wide spread is Islam?

What is Islam?What is Islam?

Islam means Islam means submission submission oror surrender surrender to Allahto Allah

Second largest world Second largest world religions: 1 in every 5 religions: 1 in every 5 peoplepeople

Monotheism – like Monotheism – like Judaism and Judaism and ChristianityChristianity

31%

22%16%

13%

6%

5%4%1%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%0%

Christianity

Islam

Secular

Hinduism

Chinese religion

Buddhism

primal-indigenous

African

Sikhism

Juche

Spiritism

Judaism

Baha'i

Basic believesBasic believes – Muslim Creed– Muslim Creed

Muslims believe in one GodMuslims believe in one God AngelsAngels ProphetsProphets Revealed ScriptureRevealed Scripture Day of JudgmentDay of Judgment

Jihad Jihad – Jihad means struggle (Holy war)– Jihad means struggle (Holy war)

Religious practicesReligious practices

five pillarsfive pillars of Islam which are of Islam which are dutiesduties expected form all Muslimexpected form all Muslim

--Shahadah: Statement of faith (Basic tenet of Shahadah: Statement of faith (Basic tenet of Islam)Islam)

- Salah: Ritual prayers Salah: Ritual prayers - Zakat: Alms givingZakat: Alms giving- Sawm: Fasting during the month of RamadanSawm: Fasting during the month of Ramadan- Haji: Pilgrimage during the Islamic monthHaji: Pilgrimage during the Islamic month

What Muslims believe about Allah, What Muslims believe about Allah, life and After life?life and After life? Allah is One God who is all powerful, and all Allah is One God who is all powerful, and all

knowing.knowing. He is Creator- first, last and everlastingHe is Creator- first, last and everlasting

Man is created to worship AllahMan is created to worship Allah Faith and action – Humility, sincerity, patience and Faith and action – Humility, sincerity, patience and

lovelove Fear of GodFear of God Man is equally capable of good and evilMan is equally capable of good and evil JudgmentJudgment

Major Groups of IslamMajor Groups of Islam

Three important groups are recognizedThree important groups are recognized

1.1. SunnisSunnis

2.2. Shia – Shia – slightly different theology slightly different theology (Mohamed Ali the Eleven)(Mohamed Ali the Eleven)

3.3. Sufis (Mystic)Sufis (Mystic)

History Of IslamHistory Of Islam

Islam’s developments resulted into major Islam’s developments resulted into major political, economic political, economic andand military military effects within effects within and outside the Muslim worldand outside the Muslim world

Originated long before Mohamed (Adam, Originated long before Mohamed (Adam, Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus)Noah, Abraham, Moses, David, Jesus)

Originated in 7Originated in 7thth Century Saudi Arabia Century Saudi Arabia Introduced by the prophet Mohamed in 610 Introduced by the prophet Mohamed in 610

AD after he claimed to have had angelic AD after he claimed to have had angelic visitations wrote the Quranvisitations wrote the Quran

History Of Islam/Islam by RegionsHistory Of Islam/Islam by Regions

Major periods of Islamic history are:Major periods of Islamic history are:

1.1. Rise of Caliphate and Islamic civil wars Rise of Caliphate and Islamic civil wars (632-750)(632-750)

2.2. Golden Age (750-1258)Golden Age (750-1258)3.3. Turkish, Iranian and Indian empiresTurkish, Iranian and Indian empires4.4. Modern times (1918-present)Modern times (1918-present)5.5. Africa, South East Asia & EuropeAfrica, South East Asia & Europe

Rise of Caliphate and Islamic civil wars (632-750)Rise of Caliphate and Islamic civil wars (632-750)

Golden Age (750-1258)Golden Age (750-1258)

A disintegration A disintegration of the monolithic of the monolithic Arab empireArab empire

Socio-political Socio-political advancementadvancement

Crusades and Crusades and Mongol ruleMongol rule

TurkeyTurkey

The The Seljuk TurksSeljuk Turks Ottoman EmpireOttoman Empire secular state in secular state in

spite of a 99.8% spite of a 99.8% Islamic Islamic populationpopulation

Secularism is Secularism is being challengedbeing challenged

IranIran Zoroastrian cultureZoroastrian culture Shi a Islam - 16Shi a Islam - 16thth century (Safavids century (Safavids

dynasty)dynasty) 90% - Shia Islam90% - Shia Islam

IndiaIndia Sufism – 12Sufism – 12thth century century Islam is the second Islam is the second

most practiced religion most practiced religion Appealing lower castes. Appealing lower castes.

(154 M)(154 M) Pakistan (1947)Pakistan (1947)

Modern times (1918-present)Modern times (1918-present) European Colonization European Colonization Independence, “oil wealth” and IsraelIndependence, “oil wealth” and Israel Conflicts with western cultureConflicts with western culture

AfricaAfrica

Largest religion- 45%Largest religion- 45% Bantu people Bantu people Tanzania, Nigeria and Tanzania, Nigeria and

cote d’Ivorecote d’Ivore

South East AsiaSouth East Asia

Historically Buddhist Historically Buddhist Islam introduced by Islam introduced by

Indian tradersIndian traders co-existed with animist, co-existed with animist,

Hindu, and Buddhist Hindu, and Buddhist practices practices

EuropeEurope

warfare, Islamic warfare, Islamic explorers and tradersexplorers and traders

Muslim majority Muslim majority communities - Balkan communities - Balkan region region

Minority community -Minority community -France and U.K.France and U.K.

By 2050 1 in 5 By 2050 1 in 5 Europeans may likely Europeans may likely be a Muslimbe a Muslim

Islam in USAIslam in USA Fastest growing religion in USAFastest growing religion in USA 7 - 10 million Muslims7 - 10 million Muslims More than 1,200 mosquesMore than 1,200 mosques Gaining most converts in prisons and on university campuses. Gaining most converts in prisons and on university campuses. Majority of American converts to Islam are black (85-90 %)Majority of American converts to Islam are black (85-90 %)

How Widespread is IslamHow Widespread is Islam

Predominant religion in Africa, Middle East Predominant religion in Africa, Middle East and some parts of Asiaand some parts of Asia

China, the Balkan Peninsula and Russia have China, the Balkan Peninsula and Russia have large communities of Muslimslarge communities of Muslims

Arab countries – 20%Arab countries – 20% Indian subcontinent – 30%Indian subcontinent – 30% Indonesia – 15.6%Indonesia – 15.6%

Map of the Muslim world – A vast Map of the Muslim world – A vast but closed HARVEST FIELDbut closed HARVEST FIELD

ReferencesReferences http://www.allied-media.com/AM/http://www.allied-media.com/AM/ http://www.arabicbible.com/christian/islam_in_america.htmhttp://www.arabicbible.com/christian/islam_in_america.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_Stateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_the_United_States http://www.answering-islam.org/Shamoun/god.htmhttp://www.answering-islam.org/Shamoun/god.htm http://www.allaboutreligion.org/Origin-Of-Islam.htmhttp://www.allaboutreligion.org/Origin-Of-Islam.htm http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/iran.htmhttp://www.religionfacts.com/islam/places/iran.htm http://history-world.org/islam7.htmhttp://history-world.org/islam7.htm http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islam_in_Europe http://newshopper.sulekha.com/blogs/post/2008/10/what-do-http://newshopper.sulekha.com/blogs/post/2008/10/what-do-

muslims-believe-about-allah.htmmuslims-believe-about-allah.htm http://www.islamicinformation.net/2008/05/how-do-muslims-http://www.islamicinformation.net/2008/05/how-do-muslims-

view-nature-of-man.htmlview-nature-of-man.html