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Forest Surveys Forest Surveys and GIS and GIS
Applications Applications on the Nez on the Nez
Perce Perce ReservationReservationGIS on Fire! Worley - Plummer, Idaho May 11, 2005 Rich Botto,
Nez Perce Tribe [email protected]
Development of Forest Development of Forest SurveysSurveys
Prior to 1970s – AppraisalsPrior to 1970s – Appraisals timber volume and valuetimber volume and value
1974 – First permanent CFI 1974 – First permanent CFI plots installedplots installed
forest management plans forest management plans sustainable harvest ratesustainable harvest rate
1987 – Initiated stand 1987 – Initiated stand based based inventory inventory systemsystem
silvicultural planningsilvicultural planning harvest schedulingharvest scheduling
2004 - FireMon program2004 - FireMon program monitoring forest fuels monitoring forest fuels fire management planningfire management planning
Comparison of Forest Comparison of Forest SurveysSurveys
Type of Survey Purpose Design Plot Layout Accuracy Standards
1Appraisals
(pre-harvest cruising)
Determine value ($) of standing timber.
Systematic grid with random start.
Variable radius plot or 100% tally of designated cut trees
+/-10% (67% Confidence level) for volume estimation and within specified tolerance levels.
2 CFI
Determine timber volume, assess current and potential forest growth and yield, and measure the forest trend toward desired objectives.
40 x 40 chain Reservation wide grid (80 acres per plot)
1/5 acre fixed plot with four 1/250th subplots.
Measurements must be within specified tolerance levels.
3 Stand Exams
Determine timber volume, assess current stand conditions for silvicultural planning purposes.
Systematic grid with random start
Variable radius plot with 1/100th acre fixed area subplot.
+/-20% (67% Confidence level) and within specified tolerance levels.
4 FireMonDetermine fuel loadings before and after fuel reduction treatments
Several random plots within treatment area
1/10 acre fixed plot NA
Pre-harvest cruisingPre-harvest cruising 1 or 2 timber sales1 or 2 timber sales 3 to 5 cutting permits3 to 5 cutting permits
Annual Inventory GoalsAnnual Inventory Goals
Pre-harvest cruisingPre-harvest cruising 456 CFI plots measured 456 CFI plots measured
every 10 yearsevery 10 yearsYEARYEAR CFI CFI
PLOTSPLOTS
1974-761974-76 322322
1985-861985-86 344344
1993-941993-94 393393
2003-042003-04 456456
Annual Inventory GoalsAnnual Inventory Goals
Annual Inventory GoalsAnnual Inventory Goals
Pre-harvest cruisingPre-harvest cruising 456 CFI plots measured 456 CFI plots measured
every 10 yearsevery 10 years 5,500 acres of stand 5,500 acres of stand
exams to ensure 10% exams to ensure 10% of land base updatedof land base updated
MSMT YR ACRES
1987 850.09
1988 67.60
1990 103.30
19914,017.2
8
19921,144.0
4
19931,356.4
1
19949,534.3
7
19954,107.4
9
19961,266.0
1
19972,215.6
3
19983,022.4
3
19996,206.9
3
20004,175.7
4
2001 318.61
20022,102.5
8
20031,157.4
9
20043,291.4
8
Pre-harvest cruisingPre-harvest cruising 456 CFI plots measured 456 CFI plots measured
every 10 yearsevery 10 years 5,500 acres of stand 5,500 acres of stand
exams to ensure 10% exams to ensure 10% of land base updatedof land base updated
WUI/HFR treatmentsWUI/HFR treatments
Annual Inventory GoalsAnnual Inventory Goals
Data Analysis & ReportingData Analysis & Reporting
Forest Projection Forest Projection System (FPS)System (FPS) AppraisalsAppraisals Stand examsStand exams
Data Analysis & ReportingData Analysis & Reporting
Forest Projection Forest Projection System (FPS)System (FPS)
BIA Analysis BIA Analysis Program, Program, Northwest Regional Northwest Regional OfficeOffice CFI plotsCFI plots
Data Analysis & ReportingData Analysis & Reporting
Forest Projection Forest Projection System (FPS)System (FPS)
BIA Analysis BIA Analysis Program, Northwest Program, Northwest Regional OfficeRegional Office
FireMon Data FireMon Data Analysis SoftwareAnalysis Software Fuels monitoring Fuels monitoring
plotsplots
Future Inventory NeedsFuture Inventory Needs
What is the composition of forest What is the composition of forest fuels at the stand levelfuels at the stand level??
Canopy, snags, ladder fuels, shrubs, Canopy, snags, ladder fuels, shrubs, nonwoody, litter-lichen-moss, and ground nonwoody, litter-lichen-moss, and ground fuelsfuels
Fine scale vs. coarse scale assessmentsFine scale vs. coarse scale assessments What are the effects of WUI/HFR What are the effects of WUI/HFR
treatments on fire hazards at the treatments on fire hazards at the landscape scale?landscape scale?
Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC) Fire Regime Condition Class (FRCC)
GIS ApplicationsGIS Applications
FPS growth model calibration (clumpiness FPS growth model calibration (clumpiness index)index) Stem mapping CFI plotsStem mapping CFI plots
Forest events geodatabaseForest events geodatabase Documenting forest management practices Documenting forest management practices
(current and historical)(current and historical) Linking historical photographsLinking historical photographs
Fire hazard mapping using FVS (Forest Fire hazard mapping using FVS (Forest Vegetative Simulator)Vegetative Simulator) Fire and fuels extension model Fire and fuels extension model
Stem MappingStem Mapping
Acquire a GPS location for all Acquire a GPS location for all trees >5” Dbh on the fixed trees >5” Dbh on the fixed 1/5 acre plot (6627 live tree 1/5 acre plot (6627 live tree records)records) XY coordinate of plot center pinXY coordinate of plot center pin Distance to treeDistance to tree Azimuth to treeAzimuth to tree Calculate offset and GPS locations Calculate offset and GPS locations
for each tree for each tree
Click on plot 604
Forest Management Forest Management Geo-DatabaseGeo-Database
Documenting forest management Documenting forest management activities (historical, present, and planned) activities (historical, present, and planned) and creating Activity_IDs for your GIS and creating Activity_IDs for your GIS shapefilesshapefiles
Practice TypesPlantingPrecommercial thinningCommercial thinningOverstory removal/reductionSanitation/salvagePrescribed fireMechanical site prepPruningMechanical brush reductionLivestock grazing/browsingShelterwoodSeed treeClearcutFree thinSingle tree selectionGroup selectionChemical application
Event TypesPlantThinHarvestFireSitePrepHFRCruise
Forest Management
Geo-Database
Forest EventsType of EventEvent StatusContract NameContract NumberAdministratorStart DateEnd DateApproval StatusMap Status
ActivitiesEventActivity_IDType of PracticeUnitYearTract Name
TABLESActivitiesForestEventsEventTypesPracticeTypesTractNamesPracticePoly
Excel Spreadsheets
Export Utilities
GIS Shapefiles
Reports
Activity_ID (s) for current projectsSummary Reports
Forest practices by tract and time period
Forest Management
Geo- Database
Activity_IDPracticeUnit#YearTract NameAcres
Fire Hazard Mapping (FVS-Fire Hazard Mapping (FVS-FFE)FFE)
Torching and Crowning IndicesTorching and Crowning Indices Surface fireSurface fire Passive crown firePassive crown fire Active fireActive fire
AttributesAttributes Surface fuels, surface fuel moisture, canopy Surface fuels, surface fuel moisture, canopy
base ht, slope, wind effectsbase ht, slope, wind effects Canopy bulk density, slope, surface fuel Canopy bulk density, slope, surface fuel
moisturemoisture
Fire Hazard FVS-FFE
Other Fire Hazard/Risk Other Fire Hazard/Risk Mapping*Mapping*
(Coarse Scale)(Coarse Scale) Fire SeverityFire Severity
Proportion of above ground biomass Proportion of above ground biomass removedremoved
Fuel HazardFuel Hazard Containment difficultyContainment difficulty
Fire Regime Condition ClassFire Regime Condition Class Departure from historic baselineDeparture from historic baseline
*Idaho Interagency Assessment of Wildland Fire Risks to Communities and Ecosystems, December 21, 2004
Fire Severity
Fuel Hazard
FRCC
Future Inventory NeedsFuture Inventory Needs Integrate a fuels inventory program at Integrate a fuels inventory program at
the stand levelthe stand level Canopy, snags, ladder fuels, shrubs, nonwoody, litter-Canopy, snags, ladder fuels, shrubs, nonwoody, litter-
lichen-moss, and ground fuelslichen-moss, and ground fuels
Type of Survey Purpose Design Plot Layout Accuracy Standards
1Appraisals
(pre-harvest cruising)
Determine value ($) of standing timber.
Systematic grid with random start.
Variable radius plot or 100% tally of designated cut trees
+/-10% (67% Confidence level) for volume estimation and within specified tolerance levels.
2 CFI
Determine timber volume, assess current and potential forest growth and yield, and measure the forest trend toward desired objectives.
40 x 40 chain Reservation wide grid (80 acres per plot)
1/5 acre fixed plot with four 1/250th subplots.
Measurements must be within specified tolerance levels.
3 Stand Exams
Determine timber volume, assess current stand conditions for silvicultural planning purposes.
Systematic grid with random start
Variable radius plot with 1/100th acre fixed area subplot.
+/-20% (67% Confidence level) and within specified tolerance levels.
4 FireMonDetermine fuel loadings before and after fuel reduction treatments
Several random plots within treatment area
1/10 acre fixed plot NA
Thank you!