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Forest simulation models in Slovenia: main developments and challenges
WG1
COST ACTION FP0603: Forest models for research and decision support in sustainable forest management
1st Workshop and Management Committee Meeting.Institute of Silviculture, BOKU.
8-9 of May 2008Vienna, Austria
byTom Levanič, Slovenian Forestry Institute
Main features of Slovenia forests
Forest cover (total/share): 1.2 mio hectares / 60% (surface is increasing !!!)
Growing stock, annual growth and cuts (data 2003): 286 mio m3 (248 m3/ha) / 7,29 mio m3 (6.1 m3/ha) / 2.72 mio m3 (39%)
Main species: Beech, Silver fir, Norway spruce, Oaks, Mapel, Ash, Pines
Main non-wood products and services: Fungi Hunting Different forest functions – water and air quality, recreation, ...
Main risks: Forest fires, insect outbreaks, increasing drought periods, agriculture (in lowlands)
Management and silvicultural characteristics: Sustainable and multipurpose management in accrodance with princples of environmental protection and natural
values Permanent and optimal functioning of forests as ecosystems Implementation of all their functions on a permanent basis
Basic modelling Use of databases, GIS systems and if-then
relationship, included are DEM, different layers (soil type, vegetation cards, stand maps,…)
Modelling of windthrows in two alpine sites – spatio-temporal analysis
We do not use models of “black box” type.
Mechanistic models
Forest water balance simulation modelsWATBAL (Starr M., METLA, University of Helsinki, Finland)- monthly soil water balance model for forest stands
BROOK90 (Federer R., USDA Forest Service)- simulation model for evaporation, soil water and streamflow
Models for simulation of carbon and water fluxes in forest ecosystems GOTILWA (Gracia C./Sabate S./Sanches A., CREAF, Barcelona,
www.creaf.uab.es/gotilwa+/)- simulates growth processes and how are they influenced by climate, stand
structure, management techniques, soil properties and climate change
CASTANEA (Davi, H./Dufrene, E./Granier, A./Le Dantec, V., INRA, France)- modeling carbon and water cycles in forests
Forest modelling approaches and trends
Models for predicting risk of hazards:Predictive model of fire risk in the natural
environment (Kobler and Ogrinc, 2007)
Daily updated forecasting model of fire occurence in natural environment (i.e., forest, shrubs, grassland)
Geographical scope: entire SloveniaResolution:
temporal: dailyspatial: 1 sq. km.
Set-up: logistic model, based on empyrical data of past occurences of forest fires in relation to weather (daily metheorological data), vegetation status (MODIS satellite data), relief (DTM), proximity to settlements and traffic infrastructure
Model has been integrated into a web-based GIS decision support system (eGIS-UJME) at the Administration for Civil Protection and Disaster Relief
Data bases/archives on forest simulation models
All forest districts are connected into one huge information system. All infromation are kept on a central server running Oracle.
Beside this – huge amount of data is collected on a national level at the SFI – monitoring data (Level I and II), national inventory data....
SILVA.SI – combined data on stand structure for the last 35 years – this enables us different spatio-temporal analyses; unfortunately, available only to SFS
Research highlight
Describe a country research hihlight/finding in the context of modelling which can be relevant for other countries
Future challenges
Describe the main challenges modelers and modelling face in your country so that can respond effectively to management or scientific questions/problems in your country
?
Innovative references
List a maximum of 5 references, the most innovative ones in your country and that provide added value to other countries.
DEBELJAK, Marko, DŽEROSKI, Sašo, JERINA, Klemen, KOBLER, Andrej, ADAMIČ, Miha. Habitat suitability modeling for red deer (Cervus elaphus L.) in South-Western Slovenia with classification trees. Ecol. model.. [Print ed.], 2001, vol. 138, str. 321-330. [COBISS.SI-ID 16056615] tipologija 1.08 -> 1.01
KOBLER, Andrej. Prostorski model požarne ogroženosti gozdov = Spatial model of forest fire danger. Zb. gozd. lesar., 2001, št. 66, str. 65-93. [COBISS.SI-ID 932518]
JERINA, Klemen, DEBELJAK, Marko, DŽEROSKI, Sašo, KOBLER, Andrej, ADAMIČ, Miha. Modeling the brown bear population in Slovenia : a tool in the conservation management of a threatened species. Ecol. model.. [Print ed.], str. 453-469. [COBISS.SI-ID 273659] tipologija 1.08 -> 1.01
KOBLER, Andrej, CUNDER, Tomaž, PIRNAT, Janez. Modelling spontaneous afforestation in Postojna area, Slovenia. J. Nat. Conserv., 2005, vol. 13, str. 127-135, ilustr. [COBISS.SI-ID 1510310]
KOBLER, Andrej, DŽEROSKI, Sašo, KERAMITSOGLOU, Iphigenia. Habitat mapping using machine learning-extended kernel-based reclassification of an Ikonos satelite image. Ecol. model.. [Print ed.], 2006, vol. 191, no. 1, str. 83-95, ilustr. [COBISS.SI-ID 1591718] tipologija 1.08 -> 1.01
Assessment of traditional cultural landscape visual quality loss due to spontaneous afforestation of abandoned lands
Kobler (2002)