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FORANE® 427AThe Easy Retrofit For Existing R-22 Equipments
冷凍冷藏與空調設備替代品研討會
2018.9.20
1
Origin products to customers
FORANE ® Brand Protection
Ready For Future
Next Generation Products
FORANE® 427AThe Easy Retrofit for R-22 Equipments
2
€3 bn up since Arkema’screation in 2006
Market capitalization x4.5 since 2006
2017 SALES: €8.3 bn
CORPORATE PRESENTATION 20183
N°1 to 3IN THE WORLD IN OUR MAIN ACTIVITIES (90% OF SALES)
A GLOBAL GROWTH COMPANY, LEADER IN ITS ACTIVITIES
2 1 3
32% OF REVENUE
38% OF
REVENUE
Arkema - Well-Balanced Geographic Footprint
阿科玛 – 平衡的全球布局
A UNIQUE & INNOVATIVE
POSITIONING IN THE SPECIALTY CHEMICALS MARKET COMBINING AN
ADVANCED MATERIALS AND ADHESIVESOFFERING TO ADDRESS THE
KEY ECOLOGY
AND ENERGYCHALLENGES OF TODAY’S WORLD
4 CORPORATE PRESENTATION 2018
240 patents filed in 2017
1,500 researchers, 60 R&D partnerships
~3% of Group sales allocated to R&D
1 incubator for breakthrough innovations
OUR DNA:“INNOVATIVECHEMISTRY”
FOR THE 7TH CONSECUTIVE YEAR: ARKEMA IN THE TOP 100 GLOBAL INNOVATORS
5 CORPORATE PRESENTATION 2018
Arkema Fluorochemicals 阿科玛氟化工部门
Arkema is a leading manufacturer of HCFCs and HFCs as well as an
innovator of next generation low-GWP refrigerants
阿科玛既是HCFC/HFC的领先生产商，也是下一代低GWP制冷剂的革新者
● Global Producer of Fluorochemicals
全球氟化产品生产商
● Presence in All Major Markets 覆盖
覆盖所有主要市场
● Refrigerants, Foam Blowing Agents, Chemical Intermediates
产品包括制冷剂，发泡剂和化学中间体
● 3 Research Centers 全球
3个研发中心
● 3 Industrial Plants
三个生产基地
5
Global Production 全球化生产
6
FORANE® 427A-The Easy Retrofit FORANE® 427A-使R-22系统改造变得简单
8
Retrofitting : A Competitive Option系统改造：节约成本的选择
Montreal protocol force to phase
out HCFCs including R-22 globally
to protect Ozone layer
为保护臭氧层，蒙约要求全球淘汰包
括R-22在内的HCFCs
US Retrofit market grow rapidly
when R-22 is phasing out
美国R-22制冷剂替代品在R-22淘汰期
间增长迅速
The cost of a retrofit is about 15 to
35 % of the cost of a new
installation
一般来说，系统改造的成本仅是更换
新系统成本的15-35%
Eu
rop
e
US
Develo
pin
g
co
un
tries
9
What Is Critical Things For R-22 Retrofit? R-22系统改造的需求
操作简单
● 改造时间短
● 改造用工少
系统性能不发生大的变化
系统可以持续正常运行
● 可靠性
● 稳定性
产品易获得
● 稳定供应
● 成本
环保
10
?
What Is Forane® 427A?
R-134a
50%
R-125
25%
R-32
15%
R-143a
10%
11
100% HFC
Non toxic, non flammable (A1), ODP=0-无毒，不可燃，ODP为零
Simplified conversion procedure:-改造过程简便
● No major modification of the equipment is needed 系统不需要大的更改
● Only one mineral or alkylbenzene oil draining and its replacement by a POE oil 仅需要更换矿物油，烷基苯油更换成POE油即可
● High tolerance towards residual R-22 lubricant : up to 10-15% 即使系统残存R-22润滑油高达10-15%，仍然可以正常使用
FORANE® 427A And R-22 Have Close Properties-与R-22有相似的物性
• Bubble point (°C)沸点
• Temperature glide温度滑移
• Latent heat of vaporisation at n.b.p. (kJ/kg)汽化潜热
• Critical temperature (°C)临界点
• Liquid density at 25°C (kg/m3)液体密度
• Pressure at 25°C压力
• Pressure at 50°C压力
• ODP臭氧层破坏潜力指数
• GWP
• Safety classification安全类别
12
R-427A
-43.0
7 K
223.3
86.8
1150
11.16
20.83
0
2130
A1
R22
-40.8
0
233.7
96.2
1194
10.44
19.42
0.055
1810
A1
FORANE® 427A Applications应用
Air conditioning空调
● Roof top屋顶机
● Unitary单元机
● Heat pump热泵
Commercial refrigeration商业冷冻
Industrial refrigeration工业冷冻
● Food industry食品行业
● Process industry加工行业• Chemical 化学
• Pharmaceutical制药
Chillers冷水机组
13
Forane® 427A has been running successfully for over 10 years
Forane® 427A系统已经有超过10年的成功运行经验
FORANE® 427A: One Solution For All Your Needs FORANE® 427A: 一专多能
Forane® 427A : only one solution for all applications and the whole range of temperature!
Forane® 427A :一种制冷剂适用于广泛温度区间的所有应用
14
Te
mp
era
ture
Low
temperature
低温
Medium
temperature
中温FORANE® 427A
R-422DMedium T refrigeration
(Low T refrigeration)
Water chillers
R-417AAir conditioning
Medium T
refrigeration
R-422A
Low T refrigeration
(Medium T refrigeration)
Air conditioning
空调
FORANE® 427A: Low Gwp Among Retrofit Solutions FORANE® 427A:低GWP值R-22系统改造制冷剂
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
4500
R407C R-427A R-417A R-422D R-422A R-404A R-507A
GW
P
15
GWP calculated according to IPCC 4th Assessment Report (2007)
0
20
40
60
80
100
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
HF
C-C
O2 q
uo
tas e
q (
%) R23 用于防火系
统或灭火器
家用冰箱和冷柜GWP>150
移动式家用空调（全封闭系统）GWP>150
商用冰箱，冷柜(全封闭系统) GWP>2500
固定式冷冻设备,GWP >2500
(蒸发温度低于<-50°C除外)
其他发泡用HFCGWP>150
用于气雾剂的HFCGWP>150
聚苯乙烯发泡用HFCGWP>150
商用并联冷冻机组，制冷量>40kW :GWP>150
(例外：复叠式系统的第一级制冷回路用制冷剂: GWP>1500)
一拖一分体空调含有少于3kg HFC GWP>750
商用冰箱，冷柜(全封闭系统) GWP>150
维修/保养充注量>40吨当量CO2 的冷冻设备用HFCGWP >2500
再循环使用的，用于维修/保养的HFCGWP>2500
EU schedule to ban HFC HFC在欧盟的禁用时间表
15
CETIAT Study 实地测试
17
CETIAT Centre Technical Center of Aerodynamics and Heat Sciences (Villeurbanne, France)
Published in March 2010 in French journal La Revue Générale du Froid 该测试数据发表在2010年3月的法国‘制冷剂概览’杂志上
Comparison of R-22 alternatives R-22替代制冷剂性能对比
Applications: A/C, medium and low temperature refrigeration 应用：空调，中温及低温冷冻
Air-conditioning空调应用
18
Water chiller (air-to-water exchanger), Water : Inlet 12°C Outlet 7°C,
Evaporating temperature = 2°C, External air temperature = 35°C
风冷冷水机组,冷冻水:进水温度12°C 出水温度7°C,蒸发温度2°C;室外环境
温度35°C
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
R-427A R-407C R-417A R-422D
Cooling power
COP
Mass flowrate
% R-22
0
5
10
15
20
25
R-22 R-427A R-407C R-417A R-422D
PressuresP suction
P discharge
bar
Closest performances to R-22 for R-427A
最接近R-22性能的是R-427A
Since it can be used with 15% of residual oil, R-427A is the best option
可容忍高达15%的原系统残存冷冻油，所以R-427A是最好的选择
Air-conditioning – Results Compared(R-22 as benchmark) 空调工况-与竞争产品测试对比(R-22为基准)
19
R-427A R-407C R-417A R-422D
Cooling power -8% -5% -17% -11%
COP -6% -8% -1% -8%
Mass flowrate identique -3% +8% +33%
Suction pressure -0,3 bar -0,2 bar -0,7 bar +0,2 bar
Discharge pressure +0,9 bar +1,8 bar -2,0 bar +1,0 bar
Discharge temperature -12,4°C -7,7°C -24,4°C -24,3°C
Medium Temperature Refrigeration 中温冷冻工况
Air-to-air exchanger, Evaporating temperature = -5°C;Inlet temperature
= 4°C; Blowing temperature = 0°C; External air temperature = 35°C;
风-风系统,蒸发温度-5°C,进风温度4°C;出风温度0°C;室外环境温度35°C.
20
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
R-427A R-404A R-507A R-422D R-422A
Cooling power
COP
Mass flowrate
0
5
10
15
20
25
R-22 R-427A R-404A R-507A R-422D R-422A
PressuresP suction
P discharge
21
Medium Temperature Refrigeration 中温冷冻工况
R-427A R-404A R-507A R-422D R-422A
Cooling power -9% -8% -8% -14% -13%
COP -6% -19% -21% -11% -22%
Mass flowrate +1% +47% +55% +35% +70%
Suction pressure -0,1 bar +1,0 bar +1,2 bar +0,2 bar +1,1 bar
Discharge pressure +1,0 bar +4,5 bar +5,3 bar +1,0 bar +5,0 bar
Discharge temperature -18,2°C -30,8°C -31,3°C -33,9°C -34,6°C
Closest performances to R-22 for R-427A
最接近R-22性能的依然是R-427A
Low Temperature Refrigeration 低温冷冻工况
22
Evaporating temperature = -18°C, Air Inlet temp. at the evaporator = -
11°C, Air blowing temperature = -15°C, External air temperature = 35°C
蒸发温度-18°C,进风温度-11°C;出风温度-15°C;室外环境温度35°C
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170
R-427A R-404A R-507A R-422D R-422A
Cooling power
COP
Mass flowrate
% R-22
0
5
10
15
20
25
R-22 R-427A R-404A R-507A R-422D R-422A
PressuresP suction
P discharge
bar
Closest performances and operating conditions with R-427A: no
modification required on the installation
R-427A有与R22最接近的性能和运行工况；安装不需任何改动
LT Refrigeration– Results Compared（R-22 as benchmark)
低温冷冻工况-与竞争产品对比（R-22为基准）
23
R-427A R-404A R-507A R-422D R-422A
Cooling power -12% -12% -12% -20% -18%
COP -6% -22% -24% -14% -27%
Mass flowrate -1% +48% +56% +32% +70%
Suction pressure -0,1 bar +0,8 bar +0,9 bar +0,1 bar +0,8 bar
Discharge pressure +0,8 bar +4,6 bar +5,5 bar +1,0 bar +5,1 bar
Discharge temperature -25,9°C -42,3°C -43,0°C -46,1°C -47,7°C
Service Pressure 系统压力对比
24
The minimum service pressures delta
● 32°C for the low pressure side
● 43°C for a water-cooled condenser水冷
● 55°C for an air-cooled condenser风冷
Pressures in bar
LP HP (water-
cooled) HP (air- cooled)
Température 32°C 43°C 55°C
R-22 11.6 15.5 20.8
R-427A 11.1 15.2 20.7
R-407C 11.4 15.6 21.4
R-422D 11.6 15.8 21.4
R-407A 12.3 16.8 22.9
R-407F 12.9 17.6 23.9
R-442A 13.0 17.7 24.1
R-404A 13.9 18.5 24.6
R-507 14.4 19.2 25.6
Benefits Of FORANE® 427A Vs. Competing Products FORANE® 427A的优势
FORANE® R427A
R417A(MO59) R422D R438A(MO99)
Ref. and A/C √ × √ √
Capacity
COP
Componentschange
*Needed *Needed *Needed
GWP(AR4)2,138
2,346 2,729 2,264
*In most cases, system need to replace TXV due to mass flow change
24
Main Benefits Of FORANE® 427A FORANE® R427A的优势
26
• One of the lowest available GWP alternatives to R-22 (2,138) 低GWP
• One fluid to cover the full range of temperatures 适用范围宽广
• Closest properties and operating conditions to R22 among the retrofit solutions 是所有R22系统改造方案中与R22系统性能,运行参数最接近的替代制冷剂
• No major modification on the installation required 系统不需大的更改
• High tolerance towards residual mineral or AB lubricants : up to 10-15 % 对系统残留的油有高度的容忍性
• Discharge temperature up to 10°C lower (improves equipment lifetime) 低排气温度(提升系统使用寿命)
Forane® 427A is a simple solution for the retrofit of your installations
running with R-22 :
Forane® 427A是R-22系统改造最简便,有效的解决方案
Successful Cases Globally 成功案例遍及全球
Case studies :
Sherm’s Thunderbird: supermarket refrigeration
Retrofit without changing the oil:
Solar Supply Warehouse Office: Office ACThe District at Green Valley Ranch : AC system
Asia Cases…
26
SHERM’S Thunderbird (罗斯堡,俄勒冈州)
Supermarket Refrigeration (MT & LT)
超市冷冻（中,低温）
● 3 systems: low-temp, frozen food,
deli cases & heat reclaim
低温,冷冻食品,冷藏柜和热回收
● Mineral Oil replaced with POE 矿物油更换成POE油
● No replacement of TXVs 膨胀阀不需更换
36
Results结果:
● Reduced operating cost
运行费用降低– 7% reduction
● Case temperatures maintained at desired setpoints
柜温保持在设定点
● Lower discharge temperatures
压机排温降低
R-22 R-427A
Average Case Temperature 38 38
Discharge Pressure (psig) 180 180
Suction Pressure (psig) 42 36
Average Discharge Temperature (ºF) 175 160
Average Suction Temperature (ºF) 39 37
CompressorOperating Cost
Kw/Hour 29.2 27.1
Total Monthly Cost-(assuming $0.06 /Kw)
$1,262 $1,171
7% Reduction in Operation Cost
Medium Temperature Rack (4 Compressors)中温并联机组(4台)
Solar Supply (查尔斯湖，洛杉矶)-无需换油
Office 美国的物流库办公区域
● Application: Air Conditioning (3.5-ton heat pump) 应用：空调(3.5冷吨热泵)
● No oil change 系统润滑油没有更换
● Filter-drier and Schrader valve caps and cores were replaced 更换过滤干燥器,针阀阀帽
29
Results结果:
● No significant differences in system performance observed 系统性能没有变化
● Operating pressures of Forane® 427A closely matched those of R-22 运行压力与R-22相近
● Compressor ran at lower discharge temperatures 压缩机的排气温度降低
Henderson, NV(内华达州亨德森市)-无需换油
30
The District at Green Valley Ranch绿谷牧场区
（高档混合开发区）
● Application: Air Conditioning 空调应用
● Mineral Oil: No oil change 没有更换润滑油
● Retrofitted 6 ton rooftop air-conditioning unit 6冷吨的屋顶机系统改造
● Extreme heat condition reaching 100°F 环境温度高达38°C
Results结果:
● The head pressure is slightly higher and suction pressure is about the same
冷凝压力稍高但蒸发压力相同
● Slightly lower superheat and subcooling which can be expected
与预期一致的相比R22系统略低的过冷和过热度
R-22 R-427A
Average Molecular Weight (g/mol) 86.5 90.4
Normal Boiling Point (NBP) (ºF) -41.5 -45.3
Latent Heat of Vaporization @ NBP (BTU/lb) 100.6 101.8
Critical Temperature (ºF) 205.1 185.6
Critical Pressure (psia) 723.7 637.0
Density of Saturated Vapor @ NBP (lb/ft3) 0.29 0.30
Density of Saturated Liquid@ NBP (lb/ft3) 74.3 70.5
Specific Heat of Saturated Vapor@ NBP (BTU/lb ºR)
0.14 0.19
Specific Heat of Saturated Liquid@ NBP (BTU/lb ºR)
0.30 0.36
Fishery Boat In Taiwan-亚洲的案例
31
Dongxing refrigeration 东兴冷冻
● Application: Marine Refrigeration (30HP recip. compressor) 应用：船用冷冻(压缩机为30HP活塞)
● No TXV change 热力膨胀阀没有更换
● Mineral oil was replaced by POE oil 系统润滑油更换为POE油
Results结果:
● No significant differences in system performance observed
系统性能没有变化
● Suction superheat improved
系统吸气过热度改善
● Compressor ran at lower discharge temperatures
压缩机的排气温度降低
● System running with R427A from 2016without any issue
系统正常运转时间超过2年
Slaughterhouse in pingtung,Taiwan-屏東農生屠宰場(電宰雞場)
32
40吨冰水槽循环冰水-满液式冷水机组改造前 改造后
压缩机 250HP 螺杆机（MYCOM)
冷冻油 MO(矿物油) POE(酯类油)
节流装置 电子膨胀阀
冷凝压力(Barg) 14
冷凝温度(°C) 39.5 37.8
蒸发压力(Barg) 2.98
蒸发温度(°C) -6.6 -6.3
制冷剂充注量 N/A R-427(900Kg)
结论：
● 改造过程极其简单
• 更换冷冻油
• 更换制冷剂
● FORANE® 427A 系统可以满足原系统的操作工况
• 系统工作压力/温度与改造前基本一致
此設備整理由日本前川(MAYKAWA)製作所台灣分公司邁
崑實業股份有限公司主導
● 此設備試運轉由農生公司機電主管為之(職場經歷為前邁崑公司設計部主任)
Icemarker in tainan-台南勝豐機械股, 製冰機
33
改造前 改造后
压缩机 25HP 中温活塞机（Bitzer)
冷冻油 MO(矿物油) POE(酯类油)
节流装置 热力膨胀阀
冷凝压力(Barg) 15 16.3
冷凝温度(°C) 42 43.5
蒸发压力(Barg) 2.55 2.31
蒸发温度(°C) -10 -11
制冷剂充注量 N/A R-427(124Kg)
压缩机排气温度 低约10°C
结论：
● 改造过程极其简单
• 更换冷冻油/制冷剂
• 不需要更换膨胀阀
● 排气温度降低=提升系统可靠性！
● 制冰量相对原R22系统仅有小幅降低(7%)
• R507 -18%
• R404A -20%
• 38A -15%
More Information About FORANE® 427A 更多相关资料
35
Retrofit Procedure- FORANE® 427A 改造步骤
36
Retrofit Checklist 改造流程明细
37
Go to checklist retrofit_EN-R427A.doc
Video
How to calculate Superheat and subcool
● Superheat=suction temperature-evaporator temperature
• Evaporator temperature= Dew point of saturated vapor pressure
● Subcool=condensing temperature- liquid line temperature
• Condensing temperature=Bubble point of saturated liquid pressure
FORANE ® Brand Protection 防伪标识
38
Forane ® Brand Protection 防伪标识
What is Arkema doing to protect themselves from counterfeit refrigerant
products?
● Arkema is proud to announce a brand protection initiative designed to protect its Forane® refrigerant cylinders against inferior quality, and possibly dangerous, counterfeit products.
● Forane® refrigerant anti-counterfeit heat shrinks and labeling are rolling out on non-refillable style packaging globally.
• The anti-counterfeit heat shrink is a Forane® branded plastic sleeve that is placed over the cylinder valve in Arkema’s filling plants. This sleeve creates a seal which must be broken by the end user prior to use. The sleeve now also includes an anti-counterfeit label, which provides several features that can be used to verify the product is authentic Forane refrigerant.
39
Forane ® Brand Protection 防伪标识
What features can I look for on the Forane® refrigerant anti-counterfeit label?
● The label contains several features that can easily be seen by the end user. Each of these features can be verified with the customer if a product is suspect.
40
Forane ® Brand Protection 防伪标识
How do I scan the Forane® refrigerant anti-counterfeit label?
● With the Forane® App. Arkema has added a cylinder authentication feature that includes a code scanner, which allows the user to easily scan and authenticate a product.
● Third party QR scanning apps can also be used(Wechat etc.,) .
● The human readable code can be manually entered into the authentication tool accessible through the Forane website.
41
More information regarding Forane anti-counterfeiting can be found on our website
http://americas.forane.com/en/forane-refrigerants/anti-counterfeiting/
Forane ® 427A is Arkema patented product
42
CN1852963 B
阿科玛也在很多其他的国家取得了类似的专利权。
Regulation Snapshot And Arkema Solutions 全球法规一览及阿科玛的解决方案
43
Hfc Phase Down Activities Snapshot-global 全球HFCS削减行动一览
44 ***COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL***
European Union F-gas 欧盟的含氟气体法案
● Reduction of HFCs quota by 79% by 2030 (CO2-eq)
MAC directive(2006/40/CE)-Start from 2017, all new cars in EU should comply with
refrigerants of GWP<150
2017年生效的新的汽车空调指令，要求欧盟市场上的新车车用制冷剂GWP小于150
U.S. EPA SNAP Delisting Final Rule issued in Jul.2015 (SNAP1)
美国环保署关于含氟气体的最终法案
● Ban High GWPs refrigerants for selected applications
● Ban R134a for passenger cars and light duty trucks from MY2021
● Ban R134a for all new manufactured vehicles from MY2026
● SNAP 2.0 Final Rule issued December 1, 2016
• A/C-Ban R410A/R134a for Chillers from Jan.2024
• Refrigeration-Ban R404A/407 Series from Jan.2021/2023 by different applications
Japan METI F-gas revised regulation 日本含氟气体修正案
● Ban High GWPs refrigerants for selected applications from 2018 onwards
● MAC must apply GWP<150 for passenger car with seats<=10 from 2023
Australia announced to reduce by 85% of HFCs quota by 2036 澳大利亚宣布到2036年削减85%HFC配额
Kigali,Rwanda agreement in Oct.2016 showed that the industry is ready to phase down HFCs globally over a period of time sufficient to replace them with low GWP alternatives 2016年10月在基加利签署的修正案表明业界有信心逐步应用低GWP产品淘汰HFCs
Arkema’s Next Generation Refrigerants阿科玛提供下一代低GWP产品的解决方案
45 ARKEMA’S SOLUTION FOR THE FUTURE
Forane® 1233zd-Blowing Agent And Heat Transfer Fluid
46 ARKEMA’S SOLUTION FOR THE FUTURE
Forane® FBA 1233zd
Trans-1-chloro-3,3,3-trifluoropropene
Low GWP, Zero ODP,
Non-Flammable Liquid
Better blowing efficiency
Improved foam properties
Excellent initial & long term insulation values
Low GWP
Flo
w
Lower densities
Liquid
Insulation
Non-f
lam
mable
Fire properties
Effic
ient
Forane® FBA 1233zd/ Forane® HTS 1233zd
is now commercially available in Taiwan &
SE Asian Countries.
Arkema’s Commitment To A Sustainable Future阿科玛致力于给行业提供可持续发展的制冷剂解决方案
Next generation solutions for all major applications
满足不同行业需要的下一代制冷剂方案
● HFO and new generation molecules HFO和新物质
● Lower-GWP HFO blends for HVAC-R 低GWP的HFO混合制冷剂用于空调制冷行业
● Different solutions based on GWP, performance, and flammability 满足GWP,性能，可燃性等不同需求的解决方案
Active involvement in industry wide effort to replace current HFCs
积极广泛参与行业活动以削减HFCs的应用
● Low GWP AREP First and Second Rounds 美国AREP项目第一轮和第二轮
● High Ambient Temperature Testing Initiatives (EGYPRA,PRAHA 2, HAT) 高环温使用环境测试项目
55 ARKEMA’S SOLUTION FOR THE FUTURE
QUESTIONS ?
48 FORANE IS A REGISTERED TRADEMARK OF ARKEMA
Yongsong Yang
Disclaimer
The statements, technical information and recommendations contained herein are believed to be accurate as of the date hereof. Since the
conditions and methods of use of the information referred to herein are beyond our control, Arkema expressly disclaims any and all liability
as to any results obtained or arising from any reliance on such information; NO WARRANTY OF FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR
PURPOSE, WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, OR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, IS MADE CONCERNING THE
INFORMATION PROVIDED HEREIN. The user should thoroughly test any application before commercialization. Nothing contained herein
constitutes a license to practice under any patent and it should not be construed as an inducement to infringe any patent, and the user is
advised to take appropriate steps to be sure that any proposed action will not result in patent infringement.
© 2016 Arkema Inc.
49
Standard Cycle Comparison - 105 °F Condenser, 25 °F Evaporator, 10 °F
Subcooling, 10 °F Superheat, 70 % Isentropic Efficiency - Normalized
BENEFITS OF 427A VERSUS COMPETITORS’ PRODUCTS
Refrigerant GWP ACMed Ref
LowRef
Main drawbacks versus 427A Consequences for the installation
417A
(MO 59)2346 X Lower CAP Lower performances
422A
(MO 79)3143 X
- Higher condensing pressure (up to 5 bars higher)
- Higher mass flow rate (>70% versus R-22)
- Lower COP / CAP
- Might require replacement of the condenser + security valves + expansion valves + liquid lines
- Higher energy consumption and lower cooling performances
422D
(MO 29)
-
438A
(MO 99)
2729-2264
X X X
- Higher mass flow rate (>30-50% versus R-22)
- Lower COP / CAP
- Might require replacement of the expansion valves+ liquid lines
- Higher energy consumption and lower cooling performances
404A/507 4000 X X
- Higher condensing pressure (up to 4-5 bars higher)
- Higher mass flow rate (>50% versus R-22)
- Lower COP
- Might require replacement of the condenser + security valves + expansion valves + liquid lines
- Higher energy consumption
407C 1774 X- Lower tolerance to residual oil(<5%)
- Several oil drainings necessary
407A/F1825-2107
X X
- Higher condensing pressure (up to 2-4 bars higher)
- Lower tolerance to residual oil(<5%)
- Might require replacement of the condenser + security valves + expansion valves
- Several oil drainings necessary
REGIONAL REGULATORY PROGRAMS- COMMERCIAL REFRIGERATION
USA
51
Europe
Stationary refrigeration with GWP>2500
Refrigerators & Freezers for commercial use (Hermetically sealed systems) with GWP > 2500
Servicing/maintenance of refrigerating equipment with charge size > 40t CO2 eq. with GWP>2500
Ban on some high GWP
refrigerants.
Supermarket Systems >2730
Remote Condensing Units > 2730
Stand-Alone LT>1800, MT>900
2017 2019 2020 2022
R-407A, R-449B
R-449B LT, ARM-20/25/42
R-407A, Others
R-449B, Others
*GWP value for 100-year time horizons according to IPCC 2007 4th Assessment Report
R-407A, R-449B
2018
ARM-20/25Multipack centralized with CAP>40kW GWP>150
