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Food Security Innovation Center Research for Development: Soy
Rob Bertram, PhDDirector- Agriculture Research, PolicyBureau of Food Security USAID [email protected]
The Global Challenge
Almost one billion people suffer from chronic hunger
More than 3.5 million (45% of <5 deaths) children die from undernutrition each year
The world’s population will increase to more than 9 billion by 2050
Food production will have to increase by 60-70%to feed the world
Competition for resources: land, water, energy Uncertainty factor: climate change
Global Food Prices
Source: FAO
1. Help farmers produce more
2. Help farmers get more food to market
3. Support Research & Development to improve smallholder agriculture in a changing climate
4. Strengthen Regional Trade
5. Create a better Policy Environment
6. Improve Access to Nutritious Food and Nutrition Services
What we are doing
• Advancing the productivity frontier• Transforming key production systems• Improving nutrition and food safety
Three research themes:
• Indo-gangetic plains in South Asia• Sudano-sahelien systems in West Africa• Maize and livestock mixed systems in
East and Southern Africa• Ethiopian highlands
Anchored by key geographies:
Overarching Goal: Sustainable Intensification
Research Strategy
Food Security Innovation Center
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3 Major Research Programs
IntegratedCross-Cutting Programs
Program anchoring research in key farmingsystems
Program for Safe and Nutritious Foods
Program for PolicyResearch and Support
Program for Human and Institutional Capacity Building
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Washington State University Climate Resilient Wheat
Colorado State University Adapting Livestock Systems
to Climate Change
Oregon State University Aquaculture and Fisheries
University of Californiaat Riverside Climate Resilient
Cowpea
University of California at Davis Assets & Markets Access Climate Resilient Millet Climate Resilient Chickpea Horticulture Genomics to Improve
Poultry
University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign Soybean Value Chain Research
Michigan State University Food Security Policy Grain Legumes
Tufts University Nutrition
Pennsylvania State University Climate Resilient
Beans
University of Texas, El Paso Rift Valley Fever Control in
Agriculture
Kansas State University Reduction of Post-Harvest Loss Applied Wheat Genomics Sorghum & Millet
Texas A&M University Small Scale Irrigation
University of Georgia Peanut & Mycotoxin Climate Resilient
Sorghum
Virginia Tech University Sustainable Agriculture
& Natural Resource Management
Integrated Pest Management
★ Lead Institution • Collaborating Institution
•Puerto RicoHawaii
Feed the Future Innovation Labs
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Purdue University Food Processing &
Post-Harvest Handling
Soybean Value Chain Research
Why Soybean?Soybean is the fastest growing agricultural crop over
the last 20 years, expanding at a rate of 8% per yearSoy is grown in over 85 countries on a total of almost
100 million hectaresThis impressive growth has occurred despite being a
non-native crop in 94% of regions currently producing soybeanRecent expansion has occurred in the lower latitude
regions of the world where food insecurity rates and poverty rates are highest and where poor populations are often deficient in protein consumption
The dramatic rise of soybean in global agriculture can be attributed to: the nutritional value it offers users given its
high protein and oil content, and the economic benefits it provides farmers
by being both a highly productive and profitable crop. dietary shifts towards livestock and poultry semi tropical and tropical production systems supports soil fertility enhancement through
legume-based nitrogen fixation--rotations
Benefits of Soybean
Goal: Help African farmers participate in the soy revolution
• Global Farmer Soybean Revenue– $126,000,000,000
• African Farmer Soybean Revenue– $1,012,500,000 (.8%)
• African Farmer Soybean Revenue (ex-South Africa)– $610,000,000 (.48%)
• The driver is poultry feed (also pork, aquaculture)
• Soybean is a proven powerful driver of rural economic development and malnutrition reduction– Very high human development indices in
districts where soybean is grown
• Soybean meal has long been considered the best source of supplemental protein in diets for poultry and swine.
• Soybean meal is by far the most widely used protein source in the USA and throughout the world
• Aquaculture—replacing fishmeal in fish feeds
Animal Feed
What is Feed the Future Innovation lab for Soy Value Chain Research? A consortium of leading soybean researchers in the
U.S. and Africa with the support of local research partners have designed the Foundations for Soybean in Africa Project The approach of the Foundations Project is based on
four research pillars (I) Genetic Improvement (II) Enhanced Crop Productivity and Quality (III) Nutrition (IV) Value Chains and Socio-Economic Research
Soybean Value Chain Lab: Univ. Illinois-led Consortium
These four pillars comprise the essential components of sustained production improved household nutritionsustainable market linkages for smallholder
farmersThe Foundations Project’s architecture is based on a
novel SMART Farm concept (Soybean Management with Appropriate Research and Technology) as its platformhttp://soybeaninnovationlab.illinois.edu/
Where we work: African countries where soybean emerging
Foundations for Soybean Research
1. Plant Breeding and Germplasm Development
2. Seed and Grain quality and storage
3. Plant Breeding education and training
4. Production and Agronomics
5. Human nutrition6. Livestock nutrition7. Gender Implications8. The Economics of Value
Chains9. Environmental Impact
1. Drs. Diers and Nelson, UI– Crop sciences
2. Drs. Bilyeu and Clark, UM– Crop sciences
3. Dr. Mumm, UI– Plant Breeding Center
4. Drs. Reynolds and Awuni, MSU– Crop sciences
5. Drs. Gundersen and Nash, UI– Human Nutrition
6. Dr. Lacy, UG– Poultry Nutrition
7. Drs. Ragsdale and Peterson, MSU– Sociology and Anthropology
8. Dr. Findeis, UM– Economics
9. Dr. Guest, UI Env. Engineering
Soy Innovation Lab: Addressing critical needs for smallholders
• Established a SMART farm in Ghana– Soybean Management with Appropriate Research and
Technology– Production, agronomic, and varietal testing station
• Varietal Improvement Program for Soybeans– Working with IITA and NARs to establish a coordinated
continuous and transparent varietal testing program• Masters degree in Soybean Breeding
– University of Ghana and West African Center for Crop Improvement
• Development of a low processing soybean– Increases household utilization by reducing labor and
energy costs
Filling gaps for a sound foundation for smallholders
• Technical support and germplasm exchange NARs – Direct technical advisory partnerships
• Bradyrhizobia persistence in tropical soils • Soybean seed germination evaluation • Poultry Nutrition Centers
– Local processing, marketing and utilization of meal• The environmental impact of soybean production • Smallholder adoption, gender, and economics• Soy Cows and Vitagoats for human nutrition and
entrepreneurship • Tropical Soybean Information Portal (TSIP)
What are the benefits of Soybean Innovation lab to US Soy producers
1) Foster market demand for soy in AfricaResearch would support development of feed and
food processors in African countriesBenefits: Expanding food and feed markets in Africa increase
export market opportunity for US soy producers as local production will not meet local processor demandReduce poverty among African smallholder producers
selling soy into the fledgling markets.
Benefits-continued 2) Increased acceptance of genetically engineered crops
Brings relevant US technology and capacity to improve productivity for smallholders, including through biotechnology
African farmers and industry will see the value of new science and support science-based regulatory policies (PBS). Support would spillover to corn as well.US soy producers, who are often also corn producers, could
increasingly export to countries where new technologies are being accepted.
U.S. and African farmers benefit from mutually advantageous advances in germplasm, including to diseases, pests and abiotic stress (e.g., heat, drought)
3) US-friendly industry standards establishedUS researchers would introduce US standards for
technology and equipment along the value chain to be the basis for development of African countries’ national standards.Benefits: Standards are introduced during
nascent stages of market development in African countries, so have greater chance of taking hold.US producers are spared regulatory burdens that may
limit market access opportunities.Smallholder producers can benefit from accessibility to
US technologies (e.g., processing, feed formulations)
Please See our Feed the Future Website
Thank You!www.feedthefuture.gov