COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT IIWORKING PAPERS

Santart Ur*wr*y Ltowne6Dept. of 3p«cJai Cotectione

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STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

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WCOMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:

413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor Allen NewellComputer Science DepartmentCarnegie-Mellon UniversityPittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania

Dear Al,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers , and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

*cEdward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

I

■

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor Herbert A. SimonDepartment of PsychologyCarnegie-Mellon UniversityPittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania

Dear Herb,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers , and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

ZLU.Edward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

I

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

Professor Raj ReddyCarnegie-Mellon UniversityPittsburgh 13, Pennsylvania

Dear Raj ,There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers, and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

Z*tEdward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

August 17, 1972

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Technology SquareCambridge, Massachusetts

Dear Marvin,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers , and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

Id. Ii

Edward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

Professor Marvin MinskyProject MAC, M.I.T.

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

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;

">

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor Jerome FeldmanArtificial Intelligence ProjectComputer Science DepartmentStanford University

Dear Jerry,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers , and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents aB confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

IEdward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD, CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCB DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor Cordell GreenArtificial Intelligence ProjectComputer Science DepartmentStanford University

Dear Cordell,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers, and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

tdEdward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

\

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor John McCarthyArtificial Intelligence ProjectComputer Science DepartmentStanford University

Dear John,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought ll", volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers, and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

fk-Edward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

;

I\

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTE* SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor Saul AmarelComputer Science DepartmentRutgers UniversityLivingston CollegeNew Brunswick, New Jersey

Dear Saul,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers, and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

Edward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone :413-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Dr. Bert RaphaelArtificial Intelligence ProjectStanford Research InstituteRavenswood AvenueMenlo Park, California

Dear Bert ,There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers, and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests , directions , andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

cAEdward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

STANFORD UNIVERSITYSTANFORD. CALIFORNIA 94305

COMPUTER SCIENCE DEPARTMENT Telephone:415-321-2300

August 17, 1972

Professor Donald MichieDepartment of Machine IntelligenceUniversity of EdinburghHope Park SquareEdinburgh, Scotland U.K.

Dear Donald,

There is going to be a "Computers and Thought II" volume. In arrivingat a selection of papers, Julian and I need advice. The purpose of thisletter is to ask you to help us. We wish to make the volume as representativeas possible of the current state of the Al field, as useful as the firstvolume was to students and teachers, and informative to the general reader(the so-called "Scientific American" reader).

These were the goals for the first volume, but the context has changed. Inthe last decade there has been an explosion of interests, directions, andpublications. Selection of 20 articles (about 500 pages) has become moredifficult. We have put together primary and secondary lists, and a tentativeorganization (one of many that could be conceived). We ask for as manycomments as you can stand to write down (or transmit over the telephone),concerning all aspects of the project.

We would like to arrive at a final table of contents in September, have amanuscript to McGraw-Hill by the end of the year, for publication late in1973.

If you are so inclined, and can spare the time, we would greatly appreciateyour advice. Please treat the draft table of contents as confidentialmaterial for the time being.

Sincerely,

fctEdward Feigenbaum

EF:dl

n _ jl

/Jffi:Volume„w J-11 have multiple Tables of Contents, representingI 'rrife5cf ent ";li?" w through the multi-dimensional'Al ?pace?\ rXtW*' a

Table o£JC«?tents will represent one way viewing~ coherenrandaK

0uSefSuthere "" SeVeral SUCh **ich *"

There will probably have to be a primary ordering, however. Theparticular *KhiKx»SxgBR*TO organization given in thisdraft is an attempt at one.

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I N iAJ1

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y%~ /x/^jur^f LvCJ^H PROBLEM SOLVING AND THE SEARCH FOR GENERALITY

1. Ernst and Newell, -Somejjjs sues of Representation in a (general yroblemSolving JErnst, Newell 67]

2. Cordell Green, Application of Theorem Proving to Problem Solving[Green 69A] [first IJCAI paper]

3. Feigenbaum, On Generality and Problem Solving: A Case Study Usingthe DENDRAL Program [MI 6]

k. Michie, survey paper on heuristic search techniques (published inEngland, probably in Computer Journal)

5. Newell, Heuristic Programy^jLll-structured Problems [Newell 69]k-juis* A r'- j" J ■* A s 6)

INTEGRATED ROBOT SYSTEMS' (jOWyW L\JI

■OvdL1. aotac paper from the SRI robot project

2. Stanford Hand-Eye Project, paper on "Instant Insanity" (secondIJCAI paper)

3. S»«Be' paper from the MIT vision research project

U. Reddy, invited paper at IFIP 71 on speech understanding

THEOREM PROVINGV

1., Gowda.ll Green ,"-9'ee on*ny afrave miAow gjomawßli-feTjii . / / I

}. a—c**ljitroductory or survey paper on theorem proving $gm>*&K&9a*A\W£?ctf

OB®. PLAYING

/

1. invited article summarizing the current state of chess playingprograms (fcgiL, one written by Hans Berliner)

SEMANTIC INFORMATION PROCESSING, UNDERSTANDING, AND NATURAL LANGUAGE

1. Minsky, Introduction to Semantic Information Processing

2. Winograd, writeup of first Computers and Thought lecture^ "tj^^WBB^MMB-similag~&y-MianwMrt.

3. i&m Woods 68*70, 0r 70A]

TVv-^e: of co^irjj[% : (Putsr o<aft).COMPUTER^ ANTa TRQUGHT^I TORK^£^APE(RS- '

][jjl «c»

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Ii

COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT II WORKING PAPERSFirst draft of a Table of ContentsPage 2

THE PROBLEM OF REPRESENTATION

1. McCarthy and Hayes, Asome philosophical yproblen&from the StandpointofArtificial intelligence [McCarthy, Hayes 69]

2. Newell, Limitations on the Current Stock of Ideas on Problem Solving[Newell 65]

3. Amarel, dnmk aatatuaa nf> +Vir> wert on representations ( A^T^mS v^*/^ *■»"/olumc S)Reasoning by Analogy

oaHifftl

INFORMATION PROCESSING PSYCHOLOGY

1. Newell, The Relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Psychology \£J£V£<<*'^

2. Frijda, Simulation of Human Long-Term Memory Cf^'jOvi 'fajiUJC Bui/£,f/nJ(J

3. Newell, On the Analysis of Human Problem Solving Protocols [Newell 66](the proceedings of the International Symposium on Mathematical andComputational Methods in the Social Sciences)

k. Colby, A Computer Simulation Model of Paranoia (article in Journal of Al)

5. Baylor, some version of thesis on imagery and problem solving in chess

PROGRAM IMPROVEMENT

1. Waterman, Machine Learning of Heuristics (article in Journal of Al)

2 . Buchanan , et . al . , some paper on meta-DENDRAL

3. SamutfL, Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers, II -Recent Progress [Samuel 67]

k. Michie, Fleming and Oilfield, !Brs^tsmptstU\j±VfiAof Heuristic, Interactive,and Unaided Methods of Solving a Shortest Route Problem [Michie, Fleming,Oilfield 68]

'5. ~'~'Planner? something by Hewitt or Winograd-

-&»-—QftJt-j—strmething by the SRI group

APPLICATIONS

1. Chemical Synthesis, something by Corey or Sridharan or both

f aw.2. DENDRAL, some synthesis of papers(or s«se» Feigenbaum paper wn&em- Generality

-**. CTTTTng

COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT II WORKING PAPERSFirst draft of a Table of ContentsPage 3

3. Balzer, review of work on automatic programming (now being written)I»:

k. some paper on a Management Science application of heuristic programming

5. Moses, et. al. , some paper on SIN and the mat hitab concept

>4ei GH<emiaNi* Simon, survey of the current state of the theory of problemsolving, perhaps a synthesis of the IFIP 71 paper and his AmericanPsychologist paper

Study and associated bibliography (perhaps pruned and rewritten)

X0 v f0 0

IIM ' I

\COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT 11,

Secondary List of Candidates for Inclusion in Computers and Thought II

Waterman & Newell, paper on application of artificial intelligence to theanalysis of human problem solving protocols (second IJCAI)

W&inston, some version of thesis on learning structural descriptions

McCarthy, article based on ACM turing lecture

Newell, et. al., some article on MERTLN

article on artificial intelligence applied to computer-assistedinstruction (perhaps Carbonell, Brown or Uttall)

Hunt, What Kind of Computer is Man? (or perhaps some other survey article)

Fikes^- Nilsson, some paper on strips -

Fikes, some article on REF-ARF

Manna and Waldinger, short paper on automatic program synthesis

Pohl, comments on machine learning research

Pohl, heuristic search viewed as pathfinding in a graph (article in Journalof Al)

Buchanan and Headrick,^ome Speculations Concerning /artificial .intelligenceand Avegal /reasoning ) Si o,tfLA I/zm) $jl{j&aJ .Simon and Feigenbaum, EPAM 111 article on similarity, familiarity andmeaningfulness (in Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior)

Abelson, some article on belief structures

some article on semantic net models of memory (perhaps Anderson or Rumelhart)

Guard, Oglesby, Bennett, Settle, Semi-Automated Mathematics (in Journal_ofACM) [Guard, et. al. , 69]

Amarel, On the Mechanization of Creative Processes [Amarel 66]

Simon, Motivational and Emotional Controls of Cognition [Simon 67A]

Slagle and Bursky, Experiments with a Multi-Purpose Theorem ProvingHeuristic Program (in Journal of ACM) _[ Slagle, Bursky 68]

COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT II WORKING PAPERSSecondary List of Candidates for Inclusion in Computers and Thought IIPage 2

Freeman and Newell, A Model for Functional Reasoning in Design (insecond IJCAI)

Bledsoe, some paper on theorem proving programs (perhaps Journal of Alpaper )

Pohl, Syntactic Models for Cognition

Minsky, article representing. ACM turing lecture, form and content incomputer science v

Simon, paper on perception of chess positions using EPAM model

, f*qbr o^ WWfrhc -^ Ck\jeUii' l/o{o"*<~

'<*\&saM} f^>r " " " " Pirc?f T7CA7 ,

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COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT II Wob&Ns^A^EssVOther materials for possible inclusion

1. a detailed verbal roadmap of the artificial intelligence community,, &i"i 1 1 1'TiVmijtiB.il Include major researchers, major laboratories, primaryand secondary literature outlets, major conferences, newsletters, etc

' T2. a reprinting ofA contents -of the primary sources of Al literature overthe past several years,. «s*Sft»

(4emL \3. articles by Feigenbaum s*weeL on existing lecture notes; concerninga. the nature of an application of heuristic programmingb. the cutting edges of artificial intelligence research

!

V Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 1July 18, 1972

TABLE OF CONTENTS: (FIRST DRAFT)

The volume will have multiple Tables of Contents , representing different"slices" through the multi-dimensional Al space. That is, a Table ofContents will represent one way viewing the Al endeavor, and there areseveral such ways which are coherent and useful.

Commentt

There will probably have to be a primary ordering, however. The particularorganization given in this draft is an attempt at one.

Comment :

I. PROBLEM SOLVING AND THE SEARCH FOR GENERALITY

1. Ernst and Newell, Some Issues of Representation in a General ProblemSolving Program [Ernst, Newell 67]

Comment :

2. Cordell Green, Application of Theorem Proving to Problem Solving[Green 69A] [first IJCAI paper]

Comment :

3. Feigenbaum, On Generality and Problem Solving: A Case Study Usingthe DENDRAL Program [MI 6]

Comment :

k. Michie, survey paper on heuristic search techniques (published inEngland, probably in Computer Journal)

Comment :

5. Newell, Heuristic Programming: 111-structured Problems [Newell 69]Comment :

6. Kling, A Paradigm for Reasoning by Analogy (Journal of Al paper)Comment :

II

111

IV

V

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 1July 18, 1972Page 2

THE PROBLEM OF REPRESENTATION

1. McCarthy and Hayes, Some Philosophical Problems from the Standpointof Artificial Intelligence [McCarthy, Hayes 69]

Comment :

2. Newell, Limitations on the Current Stock of Ideas on Problem Solving[Newell 65]

Comment :

3. Amarel, paper on representations (perhaps paper in Cleveland volume)Comment :

SEMANTIC INFORMATION PROCESSING, UNDERSTANDING, AND NATURAL LANGUAGE

1. Minsky, Introduction to Semantic Information ProcessingComment :

2. Winograd, writeup of first Computers and Thought lectureComment :

3. One paper by Woods [Woods 68, 70, or 70A]Comment :

THEOREM PROVING

1. Introductory or survey paper on theorem proving (perhaps Loveland)Comment :

PROGRAM IMPROVEMENT

1. Waterman, Machine Learning of Heuristics (article in Journal of Al)Comment :

2. Buchanan, et . al., some paper on meta-DENDRALComment :

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 1July 18, 1972Page 3

3. Samuel, Some Studies in Machine Learning Using the Game of Checkers ,, IIRecent Progress [Samuel 67]

Comment :

k. Michie, Fleming and Oldfield, A Comparison of Heuristic, Interactive,and Unaided Methods of Solving a Shortest Route Problem [Michie, Fleming,Oldfield 68]

Comment :

VI. INTEGRATED ROBOT SYSTEMS

1. One paper from the SRI robot projectComment :

2. Stanford Hand-Eye Project, paper on "instant Insanity" (secondIJCAI paper)

Comment :

3. One paper from the MIT vision research projectComment :

k. Reddy, invited paper at IFIP 71 on speech understandingComment :

VII. APPLICATIONS

1. Chemical Synthesis, something by Corey or Sridharan or bothComment :

2. DENDRAL, some synthesis of papers (or Feigenbaum paper on Generalitymay suffice)

Comment :

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 1July 18, 1972Page k

3. Programming as a Task for A.I (Balzer, in preparation; or Brown,to be written)

Comment :

k. Some paper on a Management Science application of heuristic programmingComment :

5. Moses, et. al. , some paper on SIN and the MATHLAB conceptComment :

VIII. CHESS PLAYING

1. Invited article summarizing the current state of chess playingprograms (perhaps one written by Hans Berliner)

Comment :

IX. INFORMATION PROCESSING PSYCHOLOGY

1. Newell, The Relationship between Artificial Intelligence and Psychology(Cleveland volume)

Comment :

2. Frijda, Simulation of Human Long-Term Memory (Psychological Bulletin)Comment :

3. Newell, On the Analysis of Human Problem Solving Protocols [Newell 66](the proceedings of the International Symposium on Mathematical andComputational Methods in the Social Sciences)

Comment :

k. Colby, A Computer Simulation Model of Paranoia (article in Journal of Al)Comment :

X

XI

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 1July 18, 1972Page 5

5. Baylor, some version of thesis on imagery and problem solving in chessComment :

LANGUAGES, TOOLS, SYSTEMS

1. Planner paper (Hewitt or Winograd or both)Comment :

2. OAU (some SRI paper)Comment :

OVERVIEWS

1. Simon, survey of the current state of the theory of problem solving,perhaps a synthesis of the IFIP 71 paper and his American Psychologistpaper

Comment :

2. Carnegie-Mellon Artificial Intelligence Study Guide and associatedbibliography (perhaps pruned and rewritten)

Comment :

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 2July 18, 1972

SECONDARY LIST OF CANDIDATES FOR INCLUSION IN COMPUTERS AND THOUGHT II

Waterman & Newell, paper on application of artificial intelligence to theanalysis of human problem solving protocols (second IJCAI)

Comment:

Winston, some version of thesis on learning structural descriptionsComment :

McCarthy, article based on ACM turing lectureComment :

Newell, et. al. , some article on MERLINComment :

Some article on artificial intelligence applied to computer-assistedinstruction (perhaps Carbonell, Brown or Uttall)

Comment :

Hunt, What Kind of Computer is Man? (or perhaps some other survey article)Comment :

Fikes-Nilsson, some paper on STRIPSComment :

Fikes , some article on REF-ARFComment :

Manna and Waldinger, short paper on automatic program synthesisComment :

Gbmputers and Thought IIWorking Paper 2July 18, 1972Page 2

Pohl, comments on machine learning researchComment :

Pohl, heuristic search viewed as pathfinding in a graph (article in Journalof Al)

Comment :

Buchanan and Headrick, Some Speculations Concerning Artificial Intelligenceand Legal Reasoning, Stanford Law Review

Comment :

Simon and Feigenbaum, EPAM 111 article on similarity, familiarity andmeaningfulness (in Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behavior)

Comment:

Abelson, some article on belief structuresComment :

Some article on semantic net models of memory (perhaps Anderson or Rumelhart)Comment :

Guard, Oglesby, Bennett, Settle, Semi-Automated Mathematics, (in Journal ofACM) [Guard, et. al. , 69]

Comment :

Amarel, On the Mechanization of Creative Processes [Amarel 66]Comment :

Simon, Motivational and Emotional Controls of Cognition [Simon 67A]Comment :

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 2July 18, 1972Page 3

Slagle and Bursky, Experiments with a Multi-Purpose Theorem ProvingHeuristic Program (in Journal of ACM) [Slagle, Bursky 68]

Comment :

Freeman and Newell, A Model for Functional Reasoning in Design (in secondIJCAI )

Comment :

Bledsoe, some paper on theorem proving programs (perhaps Journal of Alpaper )

Comment:

Pohl, Syntactic Models for CognitionComment :

Minsky, article representing ACM turing lecture, form and content incomputer science

Comment :

Simon, paper on perception of chess positions using EPAM modelComment :

Slagle, paper on heuristic search in Cleveland volumeComment :

Sandewall, paper on heuristic search in first IJCAIComment :

>

Computers and Thought IIWorking Paper 3July 18, 1972

OTHER MATERIALS FOR POSSIBLE INCLUSION

1. a detailed verbal roadmap of the artificial intelligence community.Include major researchers, major laboratories, primary and secondaryliterature outlets, major conferences, newsletters, etc.

Comment :

2. a reprinting of the tables of contents of the primary sources of Alliterature over the past several years.

Comment :

3. articles by Feigenbaum (based on existing lecture notes) concerning:a. the nature of an application of heuristic programmingb. the cutting edges of artificial intelligence research

Comment :