Fluvial Geomorphic Analyses of the Llano River and Sandy Creek Basins, Central Texas, using GIS and Arc Hydro Tools Franklin T. Heitmuller CE 394K November

Fluvial Geomorphic Analyses of the Fluvial Geomorphic Analyses of the Llano River and Sandy Creek Basins, Llano River and Sandy Creek Basins,

Central Texas, using GIS and Arc Central Texas, using GIS and Arc Hydro ToolsHydro Tools

Franklin T. HeitmullerFranklin T. Heitmuller

CE 394KCE 394K

November 29, 2005November 29, 2005

Study AreaStudy Area

0 10 20 30 40 MILES

0 10 20 30 40 KILOMETERS

JUNCTION

MASONLLANO

No

rt h L l a no River

Sou th L lano River

Llano River

Joh

nso

n F

ork

Jam

es R

iver

Sandy Cre e k

Beave

r C

r ee

k

Lake Buchanan

Lake L.B.J.

Llano River Basin11,568 sq.km.4,466 sq.mi.

James River Basin880 sq.km.340 sq.mi.

Beaver Creek Basin565 sq.km.218 sq.mi.

Sandy Creek Basin1,010 sq.km.390 sq.mi.

TEXAS

Lit

tle

De

vils

Riv

er

EXPLANATIONSurface Geology

Quaternary deposits

Cretaceous carbonate rocks

Paleozoic igneous and sedimentary rocks

Colorado RiverSurface Geology and Hydrography of the Llano River and Sandy Creek Basins, Central Texas

Flood RegimeFlood Regime

0

2,000

4,000

6,000

8,000

10,000

12,000

1890 1910 1930 1950 1970 1990 2010

Hydrologic year

An

nu

al p

eak

stre

amfl

ow

, in

cu

bic

met

ers

per

se

con

d

Llano River at Llano, TX (10,857 sq.km.)

Gila River nr. Clifton, AZ (10,386 sq.km.)

Oconee River at Dublin, GA (11,396sq.km.)

ObjectivesObjectives

1.1. Obtain digital elevation models (DEMs) of the Obtain digital elevation models (DEMs) of the study areastudy area

2.2. Obtain 1:24,000 NHD hydrography for study Obtain 1:24,000 NHD hydrography for study areaarea

3.3. Use Arc Hydro Tools to generate GIS datasets Use Arc Hydro Tools to generate GIS datasets for study areafor study area

4.4. Generate longitudinal profiles (plot of elevation Generate longitudinal profiles (plot of elevation and distance downstream) of selected and distance downstream) of selected rivers/streams in study arearivers/streams in study area

5.5. Assess the potential of modeling stream power Assess the potential of modeling stream power in study areain study area

Digital Elevation ModelsDigital Elevation Models 30-meter and 10-meter30-meter and 10-meter

http://seamless.usgs.govhttp://seamless.usgs.gov

Problems with 10-meter in study Problems with 10-meter in study area; vertical stripes of no data; area; vertical stripes of no data; obtained from contact at USGS in obtained from contact at USGS in AustinAustin

30-meter mosaic: 110 mb/2 panels30-meter mosaic: 110 mb/2 panels 10-meter mosaic: 1.81 gb/12 panels 10-meter mosaic: 1.81 gb/12 panels

http://seamless.usgs.gov/

National Hydrography DatasetNational Hydrography Dataset

· 0 10 20 30 40KILOMETERS

1:24,000 NHD hydrography

http://nhd.usgs.gov

Arc Hydro DatasetsArc Hydro Datasets

Arc Hydro DatasetsArc Hydro DatasetsNortheastern Edge of the Llano River Basin Drainage Divide

EXPLANATION

NHD Subbasin

30-meter DEM Llano Watershed

10-meter Llano Watershed

· 0 250 500 750 1,000METERS

Arc Hydro DatasetsArc Hydro DatasetsLlano River and Sandy Creek Basins

EXPLANATION

NHD Subbasin

30-meter DEM Llano Watershed

10-meter Watershed· 0 4 8 12 16KILOMETERS


0 1 2 3 4KILOMETERS ·

Northern Drainage Divide of the Llano River Basin

EXPLANATION

30-meter DEM watershed

10-meter DEM watershed



Longitudinal ProfilesLongitudinal Profiles


Llano River

Jam

es R

iver

Bea

ver C

ree

k

Sandy Creek

Rivers Reaches Selected for Longitudinal Profile Generation

Export of selected features from 1:24,000 NHD hydrography data

(1) Need distance downstream. (2) Need elevation data.



Allows point features to be created along a line at a user-specified interval (100 meters)

http://www.xtoolspro.com/









Beaver Creek Longitudinal Profile

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 50,000 60,000

Downstream Distance (m)

Ele

vatio

n (m

)



Stream Power ModelingStream Power Modeling

τ0 = ρgdS, where τ0 is boundary shear stress in newtons

per square meter, ρ is density of water in kilograms per cubic meter, g is the acceleration of gravity in meters per second squared, d is average flow depth in meters, and S is channel slope.

ω = Uτ0, where ω is stream power per unit bed area in

watts per square meter and U is average flow velocity in meters per second.

Can stream power be modeled using GIS?


Start off Start off with with channel channel slope……slope……


Stream Power ModelingStream Power ModelingChannel Slope - North Llano River

EXPLANATION

NorthLlanoRiver

Mean Slope

0.000000 - 207332.000000

207332.000001 - 436893.000000

436893.000001 - 854570.000000

854570.000001 - 1652730.000000

1652730.000001 - 2961940.000000



· 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8KILOMETERS

North Llano River near Junction, Texas

Documents

Fluvial Geomorphic Analyses of the Llano River and Sandy Creek Basins, Central Texas, using GIS and Arc Hydro Tools Franklin T. Heitmuller CE 394K November