FLUP - Elena Zagar Galvão Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Línguas Aplicadas General Translation PORTUGUESE - ENGLISH SPRING SEMESTER 2009

FLUP - Elena Zagar Galvão

Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do PortoLínguas Aplicadas

General TranslationPORTUGUESE - ENGLISH

SPRING SEMESTER 2009Tue. 10.30-12.30 Classroom: 206.AWed. 13:30-15:30 Classroom: 211

Teacher:Elena Zagar Galvã[email protected]@letras.up.pt

Webpage: web.letras.up.pt/egalvao



Work in pairs and decide:

Who wrote the message?Who wrote the message? For whom?For whom? Where?Where? When?When? Why? Why?


This Is Just to Say This Is Just to Say

I have eatenI have eatenthe plumsthe plumsthat were inthat were inthe iceboxthe icebox

and which and which you were probablyyou were probablysavingsavingfor breakfastfor breakfast

Forgive meForgive methey were deliciousthey were deliciousso sweetso sweetand so coldand so cold

William Carlos Williams, "This is Just to Say" from William Carlos Williams, "This is Just to Say" from The Collected Poems of William Carlos Williams, Volume I, 1909-1939The Collected Poems of William Carlos Williams, Volume I, 1909-1939 , , edited by Christopher MacGowan. Copyright © 1938, 1944, 1945 by New Directions Publishing Corporation. Used by edited by Christopher MacGowan. Copyright © 1938, 1944, 1945 by New Directions Publishing Corporation. Used by permission of the publishers.permission of the publishers.http://www.favoritepoem.org/poems/williams/http://www.favoritepoem.org/poems/williams/


The same text as poem: different choices

Different context (author, audience, situation)Different context (author, audience, situation) Different purpose/functionDifferent purpose/function Different reading/interpretationDifferent reading/interpretation Different TT objectives (skopoi)Different TT objectives (skopoi)

Poem is to be translated for publication in a Poem is to be translated for publication in a collection of poems by modernist writers;collection of poems by modernist writers;

Poem is to be translated for a lecture on W.C. Poem is to be translated for a lecture on W.C. Williams (given in Portuguese to an audience who Williams (given in Portuguese to an audience who is not familar with the English language) and is not familar with the English language) and distributed as handout to serve as a window onto distributed as handout to serve as a window onto the originalthe original


Ao sermos apresentados ao “mesmo” fragmento, Ao sermos apresentados ao “mesmo” fragmento, agora rotulado de agora rotulado de poemapoema, o que antes era prosaico , o que antes era prosaico passa a ser poético. Como leitores do poema, passa a ser poético. Como leitores do poema, membros de uma comunidade cultural para a qual o membros de uma comunidade cultural para a qual o texto se enquadra dentro das convenções literárias texto se enquadra dentro das convenções literárias estabelecidas, aceitamos o desafio implícito de estabelecidas, aceitamos o desafio implícito de interpretá-lo interpretá-lo poeticamentepoeticamente e passamos a e passamos a procurarprocurar um um sentido coerente para ele. Passamos a pensar, por sentido coerente para ele. Passamos a pensar, por exemplo, nas possíveis implicações da oposição entre exemplo, nas possíveis implicações da oposição entre o acto de comer as ameixas e as relações sociais que o acto de comer as ameixas e as relações sociais que esse ato viola. Oposição essa que não se resolve esse ato viola. Oposição essa que não se resolve pacificamente:pacificamente:


ao mesmo tempo em que o poema, pela sua própria ao mesmo tempo em que o poema, pela sua própria razão de ser, reconhece a prioridade das regras, razão de ser, reconhece a prioridade das regras, através do pedido de perdão, afirma também que a através do pedido de perdão, afirma também que a experiência sensual imediata é importante experiência sensual imediata é importante (principalmente pelas suas últimas palavras “so sweet (principalmente pelas suas últimas palavras “so sweet and so cold”) e que as relações pessoais (a relação and so cold”) e que as relações pessoais (a relação entre o entre o II e o e o youyou) devem antecipar um espaço para tal ) devem antecipar um espaço para tal experiência.experiência.Enquanto que a tradução do texto/bilhete não nos Enquanto que a tradução do texto/bilhete não nos trouxe maiores dificuldades, a tradução do trouxe maiores dificuldades, a tradução do texto/poema nos obrigaria a tomar várias decisões texto/poema nos obrigaria a tomar várias decisões nada fáceis.nada fáceis.Rosemary Arrojo, Rosemary Arrojo, Oficina de TraduçãoOficina de Tradução


If Translation were an animal . . .

it would be . . . because. . .it would be . . . because. . .

Complete this sentence individually.Complete this sentence individually.

Create a Word file to write this Create a Word file to write this sentence/paragraph and, when you’re sentence/paragraph and, when you’re finished, place it in the Temporary Flupserv finished, place it in the Temporary Flupserv folder (Flupsrv 23).folder (Flupsrv 23).


Dictionary of Translation Studies(Shuttleworth and Cowie 1997:181)

TranslationTranslation. An incredibly broad notion which can . An incredibly broad notion which can be understood in many different ways. For be understood in many different ways. For example, one may talk of a translation as a example, one may talk of a translation as a processprocess or a or a productproduct, and identify such subtypes as literary , and identify such subtypes as literary translation, technical translation, subtitling and translation, technical translation, subtitling and machine translation; moreover, while more machine translation; moreover, while more typically it just refers to the transfer of written typically it just refers to the transfer of written texts, the term sometimes also includes texts, the term sometimes also includes interpretinginterpreting. .


What is Translation? (1)a)a) a process by which a spoken or written utterance a process by which a spoken or written utterance

takes place in one language which is intended or takes place in one language which is intended or presumed to convey the same meaning as a presumed to convey the same meaning as a previously existing utterance in another language previously existing utterance in another language (Rabin 1958)(Rabin 1958)

b)b) the transfer of thoughts and ideas from one the transfer of thoughts and ideas from one language (source) to another (target), whether the language (source) to another (target), whether the languages are in written or oral form . . . or whether languages are in written or oral form . . . or whether one or both languages are based on signs (Brislin one or both languages are based on signs (Brislin 1976ª)1976ª)


What is Translation (2)c) c) a situation-related and function-oriented complex a situation-related and function-oriented complex

series of acts for the production of a target text, series of acts for the production of a target text, intended for addressees in another culture/language, intended for addressees in another culture/language, on the basis of a given source text (Salevsky 1993)on the basis of a given source text (Salevsky 1993)

d)d) Any utterance which is presented or regarded as a Any utterance which is presented or regarded as a ‘translation’ within a culture, on no matter what ‘translation’ within a culture, on no matter what grounds (Toury 1995).grounds (Toury 1995).

(quoted in Pöchhacker, Franz. (quoted in Pöchhacker, Franz. Introducing Interpreting StudiesIntroducing Interpreting Studies, 2004: 11-12) , 2004: 11-12)


The basic conceptual ingredients contained in the various definitions of Translation are:

an an activityactivity consisting (mainly) in consisting (mainly) in the the productionproduction of of textstexts which are which are presumed to have a presumed to have a similar meaning and/or similar meaning and/or

effecteffect as as previously existingpreviously existing texts texts in in another language and cultureanother language and culture

(Pöchhacker, Franz. (Pöchhacker, Franz. Introducing Interpreting StudiesIntroducing Interpreting Studies, 2004: 12) , 2004: 12)


The illusion of a fixed object of study

There cannot be an objective definition There cannot be an objective definition fixing, once and for all, the ‘true meaning’ fixing, once and for all, the ‘true meaning’ or ‘essence’ of what we perceive or believe or ‘essence’ of what we perceive or believe something (in this case translation) to be something (in this case translation) to be like. like.

(Pöchhacker, Franz. (Pöchhacker, Franz. Introducing Interpreting StudiesIntroducing Interpreting Studies, 2004: 13) , 2004: 13)


Translation: key concepts

TRANSLATIONTRANSLATION

WRITTEN WRITTEN

Interpreting /Interpreting /InterpretationInterpretation

ORALORAL



Process (translating)Process (translating)

Product (translation)Product (translation)

General subject fieldGeneral subject field



The The processprocess of transferring a written text of transferring a written textfrom SL to TL, conducted by a translator,from SL to TL, conducted by a translator,or translators, in a specific or translators, in a specific socio-cultural contextsocio-cultural context

The written The written productproduct, or TT, which results from , or TT, which results from that process and which functionsthat process and which functionsin the socio-cultural context of the TLin the socio-cultural context of the TL..

Cognitive, linguistic, visual, cultural and ideological phenomena which are an integral part of Translationas process and product.


Roman Jakobson, “On Linguistic Aspects of Translation”, 1959


INTERLINGUALINTERLINGUAL

INTRALINGUALINTRALINGUAL

INTERSEMIOTICINTERSEMIOTIC


EXAMPLES (1)

InterlingualInterlingualYou Are Irreplaceable: Change the Way You Look at Your Life You Are Irreplaceable: Change the Way You Look at Your Life

(Paperback) (Paperback) by by Augusto Augusto CuryCury

IntralingualIntralingual

CHANGE website (learning disabilities)CHANGE website (learning disabilities)http://www.changepeople.co.uk/default.aspx?page=9539http://www.changepeople.co.uk/default.aspx?page=9539

Harry Potter for AmericansHarry Potter for Americans

http://www.hp-lexicon.org/help.html#britishhttp://www.hp-lexicon.org/help.html#british

http://www.hp-lexicon.org/help/british/sb-b.htmlhttp://www.hp-lexicon.org/help/british/sb-b.html


Examples (2): Intersemiotic


Examples (3): Intersemiotic


Some acronyms

SLSL TLTL STST TTTT TSTS

We’ll add to this list as we go along.We’ll add to this list as we go along.


Useful sites:

International Federation of Translators (FIT): International Federation of Translators (FIT): http://www.fit-ift.org/http://www.fit-ift.org/

European Society for Translation Studies (EST):European Society for Translation Studies (EST):http://www.est-translationstudies.org/ (very good resources http://www.est-translationstudies.org/ (very good resources section)section)

American Translation Association (ATA)American Translation Association (ATA)http://www.atanet.org/http://www.atanet.org/

Institute for Translators and Interpreters (ITI)Institute for Translators and Interpreters (ITI)http://www.iti.org.uk/indexMain.htmlhttp://www.iti.org.uk/indexMain.html

The Nairobi Recommendation (1976), The Translator’s Charter The Nairobi Recommendation (1976), The Translator’s Charter (1994 Ed.) http://www.jrdias.com/PDF/Translation-Nairobi-(1994 Ed.) http://www.jrdias.com/PDF/Translation-Nairobi-Charter.pdfCharter.pdf


Useful sites (contd): European Standard (Translation services, 2004)European Standard (Translation services, 2004) http://www.jrdias.com/PDF/prEN-15038.pdfhttp://www.jrdias.com/PDF/prEN-15038.pdf Helping translators do better business Helping translators do better business

http://www.translatortips.comhttp://www.translatortips.com// John Benjamins publishing companyJohn Benjamins publishing company

http://www.benjamins.nl/http://www.benjamins.nl/ St. Jerome Pubishing St. Jerome Pubishing

http://www.stjerome.co.uk/http://www.stjerome.co.uk/ Rodopi (publishing comp)Rodopi (publishing comp)

http://www.rodopi.nl/http://www.rodopi.nl/ Routledge publishing companyRoutledge publishing company

http://www.routledge.com/http://www.routledge.com/


Useful sites (contd):

Multilingual mattersMultilingual matters

http://www.multilingual-matters.com/http://www.multilingual-matters.com/ The Translator Interpreter Hall of FameThe Translator Interpreter Hall of Fame

http://www.tihof.org/tihof.htmhttp://www.tihof.org/tihof.htm

And many more, which you should And many more, which you should add to your list as you find them add to your list as you find them while navigating on the netwhile navigating on the net

Documents

FLUP - Elena Zagar Galvão Faculdade de Letras da Universidade do Porto Línguas Aplicadas General Translation PORTUGUESE - ENGLISH SPRING SEMESTER 2009