Floor Plan Atlas 1

Floor Plan Atlas

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wolkjńq onrhó F|ool Pbn/Arboiram G.undł.B aHistolićalD€vel.pmentoi Hóusinq P|aB/ Di. Eń1wic kl un g .16 Gru ndris... bY/vo n R6inh.rd G.eśo|m6nn ]żThe Layoulo{thoApańmoni/Tho FloorP|.n |d.. / oi.o'q.ni..riond.rwohnuńg/GrundriBidooby/von Fń6d.ri|l€ sch.eidor 26Thesjgni|icanDeolAccsss/ Dio Rol|od.r€Ech|i.Gungby/voń Hó|hutnstinq 32

Multi-Story Housing/GeschoBwohnungsbau

D]ener & Diene.: B|55ring' Bóse]' 1973.]9a] 44o]..dl & Di6iel: fri.h.Ónng' B5ss|' l9a2.]9a5 46A|valo si2a: "Końńd uid slnch" sch1id3rsuik' DBn Haag' r933 ]933 a3

Ur€: ch3ckpoint cha i3/Fri3drichstass9' B€r|in KrcUzbeĘ' 1939 60IBUs: LitowsbasŚs' Beiin.Ti6rcai.ń' ]9a9 52Luc en Larour: Beareneirand.Amsrod6n. t9a9-1990 54Homan/osó|oLobato/Yanovshrchi|skv:t.Grcvr.fańdola6.,Th6Hagu./D6nHaao.]939.]9s1 56

iotrna/Wion. l99O 5aEstev€ BÓnel]' Jo$p M. G]]' Flancesc RiuŚ: !4 ]aoIimpica' 86ć.|Óia' ]990']992 60

rcó|ońa' 199].]992 62JosBp Puis Torn'j, JosepMe Esqulus:VillaOrimpEa, Barcorona, r991 64

sel,1991-r993 66|]ó - Rous'Tetaeoń6' 19a6.]933 6a]n]om,Lólven]aan/Dopp]eldońBin'Madgtichr' ]992.1994 69

Haf,śKÓ||hot|:-Pffi8usi(NMs Ei]and'Amsleldań'19a9.1994'oMań'nsodh|..:selnau. sihlamt-,sihIhólzist.ags6'fnlich'1992.]995 72

86rl ń.chanotrńbulg, ]973.]974 76o Doń6 Mdn6 cÓrń.|' sóvi]|./s3Spalenvorstadt. Basol, !934-r935 7astas96' sór|in'Tiorqad.n' ]97a'19a] 79

Ny|!nd' Pui.a.k€ń' st0nebeche. AdmnaIs&as9e. B€nin'K.euzbo19, ]936 aocampben'zoqo|óvlch' r4/i]k'nson' coUqń/czwc: china Wrar'' Dock|ands' London' ]936 1ss3 s2

r Tor€: Dapp€rbuud' Anstsdam,l9a9 34Do]l schoeb i' Tobias Amńónn:AhrzijrcheGtasss' Bad€n' ]937 1990 a5JacqU3s H€żoq' Pierte d6 M.u.oń: schi'tzenmadstas$' Bas6l' l991.1993He'nńard6isselmann:1mWod'Vl.nńa/Wi3n.1s93 a3Franc]s so er: c|td st chauńonlol poaci/5dr.FJpda,orcq.pa, rs93 90

Johann€s Uh|: A|l Moabii' Bdnin.ri€reańdn' ]977']sa] 94€lnŚlGi5s]1Hassnh3id6,B6nin-&.!zbalo.]9a]'l963 95

osso' Vi€nn./Wi.ń' 1939 96RÓb fuior schrank€nbsaqass6' Vi6.na/W.ń' ]933'1936 97

n: Al]schwie.cta$€' 3as6|' ]9a7'r93a 9aH]]d6 Lćon&Końrad Wohlh393: sch|€siŚĆhe stasse, selli.'(rouzb.lg, ]993 ]ooMorser 6Dosolo: Moh ha,marstas$, Basel.1993 1o2

lnk3nUndHin.i.hBa||6r:Fń6nkÓ]0l€LBsr|in Krcuzb€q, i9B2']984olosta'd|s:Kóponicko.shaśś€'B.nin.Krcuzb€rg. 1934.r935 10aGuŚIavP3'ch|:s.hlogstasse'aor|in.T€gs|' l934-]9a9 1roJoŚ€pULnas:c.carma'c.Hoig,Barcó|ońa,]939.]994 112

H6inf schudnagis: W3llolstasso, 86.lin.Wi|ń.ćdo.t ]972 116Johan.óŚ !h|: nh€'nbab€nal|ee. B6r|in.G.ui.wsId' ]

gao'19a2 11aAnioino Gluńb.ch:AńTgq€lel Nafon' B. iń.T€g.l. ]935 ]2ocJ$aVPóichl:Wi3n6rb3r!.Vienno/Won,]9a5 121AnloniocruŹ'Anton'ooltiz: ca.abonch.l' Gsn.raIFońarÓ Basad' Madrid' l936.]939 122D]o&|chFńk'ftÓmasJoche.:G.alm!hl.tassó'sU|.bsch.Rosonb6rq'G6rmdńv/D.Ltschland']993.1995 ]24Bauńś.hhqar&Eb€r|e:KapeiIenw.!'FBldknch'Ausiia/oiars'.h'1995.1996 125Baums.h|a9s. 6 Eb€r|€: Lindenw6g, La!l.lach' Austia/Ósbr6ich' l995 127

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kcorbUsis.-Untród,H6bilatoniMarsei||€'1946.1947 130opslocksłasŚe' B€nin.Ti.rodńÓn' ]s56 l957 132

oscÓr N'€m8ysr' soarcs FiIho: A|ton'sr stass6' B€nin'Ti€rqad.n, ]957 133ono J.gsl uid w6lńól lllijllÓr''Ha.n'ba|1 slt{qan-Asomw6|d' ]969.]971 134PraitcrbChan,TwinPa sNonhw.sr.NewYork. 1970 136

' VBńna/Wi€n' ]974 lsao 13a

Theo Hoa: 8ucharind€l' Wekiko.'zi.ich, ]936 l4ommglsooiśÓp|sin, Rotsldam' l9a4.]933 ]4ż

oobbelaal' do Kov€]' dó V6om: xop st'.Jdnśh6v€n, nÓll€.dam.1936']9aa ]44GUilIe.movdzq!3zconsueqE:3amónycalalyUrbión's€vi/|a l9a6.€37 145

6n!e .]u Gón..5| kc|erc' NinoŚ. 19a7 ]4aRemKÓoIhaaŚ/oMA:IiP|sin'Ams'erdam' ]990 ]5oJosopManodl,orioIBohĘas'DavidMackay,AIb€dPu'qdom.n6ch:Vi1|ao]impica'3arc€lon.,]93a19s2 l52

KdBs chnd]aanso' Ai faa'ia.:"K25"' Dedomsvaań!6g. oÓn Haag' 1933.1992 l5€Mó.qr€€lDUinkgl'rV6chirIvande.Tofe:Burgo.ziókgnhu'stere'n'Amgtolddń']992 1993 15aVÓ kÓl 6i€nc|G: can.spilŹw€g.G3ss€' G.a.' 1992.]993 160nddis6rKnmmr Frankfrn-aonomss, F.anktuna,M.. 1990-1995 162F]Ón3nRieg|e.,R006rBiowó:Bbhnholsras9Ó,G.a}sra&ganq, l992'1994 164Man.red KNdsch: ryń|'€Ns8' Gnz' ]994 t66

ovanBoockIHogoPbńlsrdal'ch€nis.holdokdai'Bs|9'un/Belg|on']992-]9s6 l6a

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GustdvHas*npauq: Banningalle' B6r|iń.Tió.gafun, 1953 1720.nyŚLa.dun:c|ustsrB|ock'BeihnalG...n'London' l955.Jg53 173

K|ó!s M0||.rR€hń: F'an..Kiinst]€lstass€' s6nin-Krouzbó.q, l960']951 r74a6dńnd coldbslqj Młina c]|V' chicago' ]962 ]75

sĆhippo.€{ &Holnńch:tŹk. Poiłt Tow€r' chiGeo' 1965 176EmiloAi]laud: Nańlgd. sud' La Dóf8ns9' Pafls, 19'5 ]77

campb€l|'zoqÓ]ovłch. Wi|kinson. Gough/czwc: ]ś|a ot oÓ.ks, Londo' ]sg6 19a3 'aEnckvanEgomat:''HauŚ]3.,lGAslutqan'1sag.]993 1ao

H.nn cinani: Mó.gens!rond' ooddm.vaańw.g, Th3 HagUąDan Haag. 19s3-1994 1a2

MoŚhó $fdi€: Habitat67, Monteąi' 196] 1a6FBY' schńd$und schń'dl: BliideBias$, Man' l96a 1aa

Patick Hodgtinso.:N€w B.uńswi.kcońt€i Bloomsbury' London' 1969 1972 1a9H.nŚ K.mm€rsr. Wa|ter Bo|.: TrclIi.górwÓg. WalbIing€n.N3ustad!, 1972 19o

P6talFal|€lU.dNemannschńd..:slutgał Nstqer€ut, 1972-1975 192GeorqHeiniohs:sch|.n96ńhdd.rsłasŚ6' Bsnin WiIneBdo , 1976'193] 194

Honśuyk.r architóklan:''fónn3f ap,' Bo!e.dóm' 19'9.1930 196Baumsch|age. 6 Eb.n.: -AeIp,] BBg€nze.stmsse. a6o6ńz' l9a7.]93a ]9a

TddaoAndo:"nÓkko 2'' Kobo' Japon' ]9as.]993 2oo

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Hansscharcun|-Fom.oundJuIi!,1studga11 zu'fenhausón' 1954.]959Herbód strónz:wiIhg|msfuhe.Damm lM6lkiśĆh.ŚV.d3l)' Beiin-Wiltonau' 1966.196a

osw3ldMaihiasUng.G:VMIh€]msruharDanm(fiiii.k3.h€śVi.naIl'Benin.Wille.au.1967.1969Kan F|gig' V'vlIh€|ms.uher Damm 1Młkisch.Ś M.ń.ll, Be ]n Wi1tona!. 1965'1966

Wo..6r oi'ttmanń: M.hringp|3tz' Bodin'(rcuzb€.q, ]974zvi H6Ćk3l: -namot.' J6rusaloń. l9a1.19a5

Low Rise Housing/ Flachbau

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-. KishÓ Ku@kawa; "Karuizawa Kapsolńaus1Kita{aku. N6gono'Jap6n' ]973 216. Rioha.d M6lÓ.: smilh HÓuss| Da.i6.| connocticui, ]95a 2r7

:ltlór Eissnnan: cardho!Śo |||' Lak€vi||s' connaolicul' 1969'1971 łacardhous6 rv, Fa svit|8gs, connocricut, r971 219

Araia sozski: Yano Housa. xawa$ki. 1973-1975 220H.lmur schuritz: Lloydc.est 0riv., B.wny Hitts, Catitonia, 1975 22t

A|vorcsjzd:HaUsca osAnlón]osiza'sónton6o'Podugal.1973.197a 222R6ńzo Pianó' Richa'd Rog€rs:cusago' Mi|an/Mailand' ]972'1974 223

Maio Bona:VióPanÓ.a, Br6$nzona. sw1'za'.nd/sĆhwsiz' ]937 1s3a 22łMichagl Hopkins: Hopkins, Ho!s.. LoÓdon.Hańpst.ad. 1976 226

At€liorWyld€oub.€ri€: M8ison Mi||ei L.Xingtoń' Kónlucky, 1991 226VanB..k.|&aóś:"M||aW Ibrink''Am.ńlooń' ]9s2']994 22a

Kar3uhiro Miyamoro + Aieri6. cinqui!m.: -Aida-sou'1 lakaBzuk,

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Erkki Kaińńo: Espoo' N.ki.ki' ]99oF'anco und PooIo Mob: cav]gliańo, switenand/schw.if ' l9a9.]99o

Fred B05: stadt van ormoos. 0o|ń.Tonlhoi ]990Jan Póśman/c€pozod: s|rcatvan ormogs' 0e|fl-Tonthoi ]990

Alo|i€r5: Ha|.n,swdzenand/s.hwoif' l955']96] 24oF..nć€sca sanoeo'A.n.|dÓ Bruschi: capo Lińa6' s.n Manf,g||a'|la|v/ltaIi€ń' l966.1s67 242

s/Ni€dor|ando' 1974.]976 244HermanHońzbóĘ.r: Diagoon Hou.o3. og|ft' ]975 246

, P. skasso. Siurts6r, 1932 24aNichol.. Głmshawafudnor: G.and |Jnion wajlś London' 1936.]93a 249

Baufósch€ K.sso|: Diólz6nb.ćh, Fla.|.{Una' M'' 1933.]934 25oH'rńannsGhliidffundsampoWidmann:Johonn.Ri.d€rstresso'Poss6!.N€!Śnft'csmany/oou!śch|.nd']9s9252

GFP&Ass. GinterPfeil6.u.d aobnd Mayol: Krchhó|f|d. schopfh6im'Wiochś' G.manv/Doulsohland' ]936.]99o 254v.rhóijsn' 8€ue.on Do Haan:A|ń€.o,Amgt.dań' 1990']9s1 256

TsgnĘiuon VóńdkUnsr..: "Eg€bi6rgó.d-' Bdllsrup. (opónh69.n' ]935.]99B 25a

vóń s.mba.k avan V6on: P.inś€noark' Rolto.d6m' ]993.1996 2ao

Psto.Phipp.n, pbt.r tunda . oavid parkss:Harfisld. L.ndon, 1964 264R6'nhard Gios6lm.nń: Ludwg.WindhÓ6t.strdśs.' Kar|sruh€, ls60']96] 265

J' P stoĘard'J'aA' ofum'NioIs€n' H' M'rcJsson:GoIg.bakk.n' B€.s1sd€no, Donń.lŁ7Dansmal! 1969.]97a 267Jań8sslk|inq' Michd.lWi|ford' Pgig' aav: AlncÓn' L]vgoool' lg6a.1976 26€

A|vań siżaj ou'nla do Ma|ogu.tra, EVoB' Poduqal. 1977 27oDarbolhoand oark.: Marqu€ss aoad' L,ndon.|s]inqto0, ]96a']979 272

Grldo. 8ofuoń' Alan FoByih: Ma.d.n La.s' London. 1976.]9a2 274oori! Und fu ]ph ńul: M.x.Planck.stass€' Mincfu n-E'dinq' ]932.]934 276

0, Schn.blj,T.Amnann/W Esti, H_ nohr: 86o(Ziich.19BE 2raAFaA.b€isgruppaKuńA€|l...La!rc.tcdntólou:"Mg2.nack.r'1Willigkof€n'B...'l9&.]9s72Bo

Hub.d fr fu B und Rd|ph E'5kjn€: Wiongrbó.g€.qiind6, Glaz' l9a6']9a7 2a2Ato|ior5:Ri.dW 2. Ni€dofuqng.ń, swiEsna.d/schwoiz' ]99o 2a4

Rom Koo|ha:'oMA: Ń6t!Ś Wo'|d' Fukloka' JaDan' ]99| 2a5Michao|A|d6.:

"VÓg.lbachl Ri€hgn' B.s€l' ]ssl-1992 2aaoto s|oidlo| Wi.n€lb.rglriindg'Vj.ńna/wi€n' lga€']993 29o

san'i39o cal€(6va: Pcw mmobi|i.n' Wi.óń|jn9sn swiDono.d/schwalz' 1939.1s94 292

Bildmchw.'s ?94A.chi6kl3nvsżs'.h.'s 295

Working on the Floor Plan

conrińues in this vo|uń.. Yo! h.v. in your h.ńd31h. $cond' €xpańdód, and Bvis€d€dition o|1h. Floo. Plan Ar|..lousjnq' ln rhil n.w odjrion' ńbel ól ploj6ĆB' rep|acÓd o|d6m''tak.s..ńd add.d.ń add..ional summanżing l€'i tÓ pr.c.d. tho pbiod s€ction' W.have,how€v.., €tain€dthóq6noE| oĘaniutiono'rh. boÓk.Thjs F|oor P|an Atla3 i3 d..ion€d as a workbook. ł workś with know.odqg {.om paEt

w.omatic kflowlódqo about l|oor p|.m co|locted in th€1960Ś ioday .ppears .Uń .. vo|uab.o as ths mo.o .oncańua| .nd individuol designs in

rń.housinq cońsi.uctio.olth. 19aos'EtrEEtrsund dt'óń ńo.aśisÓt lh. tvpi..l user/rBidiiiii* co.""aeo'ntoq .a Equn.d ninimum Thiswas.|so lhó basis fÓt th. óvalua|ion of houging l|oo.p'....|.vourolthó individJa|3pańm.nt (as,,thec€|l"l'on its inso|ationańd vontiIation' and onońi-.zi.q the l!."ti".a|ćt..€nc.3' Tn€ Esultg w.B dopidod t'y 9Y.t.ńa1ic (or Eiher-;bsła.r"l fiool planć' Book. olthó peliod a.. o.q.nj.ed typo|Ógicallv compańnq andavallalinq schomati:.dlro.r p|.rc.IiE@d'*reorh.@nć€.,'oumla-g p|... l Du'|d|ng vo|um. Jnd spac. łPx'pB.s€d iń |iqht, mat. aE. colors' and iń.g6l| aqainst wh|ćh his buih architectulg isnóósulód' He conc.nt'.t.. on $ó outw3d apg.aEIco ańd oc.n b.ing his id6a {. dBm5tiation ol |iving) m6t ro.dilYto.xPB$.ón'Thisa.chitedJrci3 rcp...ónled molt.ppópri.telv by photogr.9hg. Ralh€rrnanć|B.i.Ying,compańn&oravdIu.!ną'osdocuń€nt.tion9or1hg193ospl.$nrrhopDi6c!.a.'ndividua|ilios.ft "llEEflEEEfEEE Mei to,o,tow borh parh..nd.

ThB docum€nlslon ło.U... oi II!!E!EE: |ot thi. rcaśon alh. Ś.ńo EllIElo .n.blin Óm.ry tod.y' howovol. !h9Drci6.l5 al6 docuń6nr.d .n $oł enr'6tv; ..ch pbje.t k d6*rib.d by a ob3' sec|ion' aśn.p|an'and.śń.|| photoasavisual3uppl.m..t' bY!yd.ń.tiz.d.dditionolinlormation in rh. m.roiń., lnd a doso.ipijon ola w.lkifirouoh bui|dlng .nd .partmonl]ho formol r€prcsent.tion u$d bv oachofthoarchiiećiska|so ldaiń.d'.lh. bookth!9lakes intoa.colnt eaĆh 9roi6.r. it3 6'ohited' and it. .d.€: at ih. śań. lln.. howov..' tholrEtffil!!fi@E 6n'b'.l rh6 handbÓot us.r1o m3ko ćompa so.sand aE!.$ńenB in od€r ro apply th.

'|oor p|dn exanpló3 io hi. own work. For this 13 rh€

aim ol rhis book: it shou|d beaUś€fu|.o!Er ot advic. ro thó 5rchitoot' a 6'.rsnc€ hand.

,* *".p*" -. *.;.q."..---q o EEE@EEEEbd9l' loldtrłnBlor bv|E!@ .ó't b'ock.porimsiei urDan v'l|.' lwol t.lrac. house' towal 6tć. - which sts outa s6ri.. ol3póoilicati.ns {or ń.tri.tbn€l for tfi.floor d3B such al o'i.ńotio., o.c6śs' d6nśitv' 6t.. Within th..a.&q.dbvEel@ n€nt ot nousinqd€siqn. !.ch !.b.ń.p|!nning oa.ego.Y i3accÓńponied bya sm3|lt.xtd.s.ribi.qtholro..dóń3 o.coŃtr.inlsoonn.o1.d with thi3 tv9..ri€ Ell!&r8!l&t: dospt6 ń.|| houssand housing

inrhisbookhasbe€n9Póńtouńanńolti-itoryhousing

'Uń.oń iń 1ho Ćity isburdón.d with au tnc prcbl€msthat

t th. lrbanpopularlon..d ats @tiols h.bit.and/orcunu_B3' Thó dŃign ol a l6id.n.ial bui|d'nq ties to lind.n answ€r to th6* ch.l|.ng$ bvmoon3 ol dit6r.ńt l|oor plan tvpos tha| antiĆip.t. rńó habi6 of th6 6xp3d6d l..id.nB.ih.olgh p.ńicipatory 9l.ńning. olc. Tho residEń(3 id.nt.li@tapańm.ńt (si.ćs h. €ń innuonco noithelrh6flóor p|6n no. iho bui|dińg'..pp6.l.ń..l j3

.B - tho so|urbń oi whioh i. appmachad by p|.nn.ng.oomv acc.ssar.as. somiplb s' orbyth.ań.mprto g'v.ih. bU.|din9a "|3co" Etaminal'on o' lh. prcÓ..m.olmUIli'no

bItEh.dMĘNEIEElE tmainlY da1ing frcm afte 1s6ol, thouqh it i5 undispurgd th.t pr€ci.6lY .rchi..lt!'.which has remained unbuilt boc.us6 ot he ..dicoliv o. rcvolur

.v.r'.|| pói€ct. mu.t hav6 pa8!.d thbugń lh. ń!o6 o{

'in6ncińg and constru.tion b.l p.Bd' lór th..6allfdlóń

Bsi{Ń into .ońvonrióna|. cońpthi3 l€go€d. Unbuil|architeotuB fus itś.|.c. in1his handbÓoloqical c.i.go.ies.w. fuv. a|.o { v.d lol E@t. bd ón|y whll. {|mńifg c!l'tural and crim.dc difi.'.nc6d6€.gn wolld hav. b6com. unint.lliqibla and incap.bl. o'.omp6.bon. Th. gxamplgslhu. Ćomemain|V fbm Eubooan countrio9wirh mód€r.l.clim.tB. rh. into.notio.alityolth6.xamp|es notonly h6giheaim orprcvidlngthór..d..with an ov.ryi.w ot rh. svo.IUtjon ol housinq co.nfucrionl aIso inpońant Mń rn. originality and v.riory ol tho jndi.vidla| axamp..ś with.n. c.l.gory. ''hcil .qJival.ńt pE..nbt.on .n thi. h.ndbook on.ab|óś tnem t bo €asi|y łóns'. i rh6 oemp|os ol |owłis.co.9rruĆnon - $.6inoló' d!p|o'. or row hou3ó!- Wiich 3om6timós bl|o.l oIlY culru.a|.climanć' or spe.ia| lrboń'dasiqn stuarions orlh. d$n$ o' c|.6nt5' a.o intoldod. tałen

combinalion' A|ońg. abov6' or ba|ow all th€$ob'.dŃahat rh. $|€d.d ll@. p|an gholld h. a EEIIĘEE. For

"[email protected]$d.ecbony.. possiblo - inwhich G!6itshorld€appró.ch i.orint€ndod to bo

give. a vi9jb|.ló.ń to.ń id.. ol do.. ńot comb.n.'Unć.lion.|a'€a. |ik. a pń.d.t.tmin.d puz|ą |n nosr ca3.. w. haw ćhó..ń ńot. !ńiv.rśl..Óasilv |ĘlrR!!'!l!|FĘ|lttl+'!tl j howovof' it al3o app.sEd

'ud|l|.d. h.B and rh.B' ro

iq u., poss' blY n€va.ro. b.{6p..r.d d.. |g n !.

Jrg'ńd.3ign6d to mołe lh.;;;;;;..'" '";..b'. ".. ',."*.r-rr'"**q-""-.3*,poci|icd|kofTh.GEEIffit:.-^:-'."L-ddbu'rd-c'nvo:t:: i ;;;;i"., "".",J*".ll^l.","-",r a*-. r umeaii.'i"i;;;'I....;.@lwndhó.i.!o''ńgpU.|ic.pnv.to.ordh.rj']^1J***ł *a tnooasmd3 ołtho hou.ing |loor p|.n' Fo

iliiJ "]' 'p*. -o **l"'.",ion.h|p5lo.sn sFcó.' lorox.ńp|.lpóS'o|. in a pńv.t.|Y

.il.'"*- i,-,.- **o * tll]"'- '..l.i-*.l"'.s-có, iń th6 h.ńewÓlkol lh.'nt;

';i;;;;' .;" "'.." '"""" "||ow.d

mol. fle€dom in th. d..idn o|.ntrywavą n.ir.;s-'t'm rh' EE!

gm.;:.lr.nr:'m: iJl"flTffi :: lJ:T,;lłiil;"*;: jTi:ljT. ffł'"f ;l' .-'li i* -*'tl" -.*ł. ó po'nB o' lh. compasinii."n l.ii'" 'p**l.rt. *teqory Ói EIEE |isrs J|' lYpes o' hoti2ont| andv.ńi-|].|"."'-a '";'.".o-*I"*'

w"rc" ń.'b.Efleafu h.d lóBad |n th. cas. of $B6d acc5ss lloE ńol. c.nduciv. io cońńuni.adon lo'q'

-^".''." ^' ';-" h""t""{ "Ńhóooh. diśiind'on musr bó mado h.E b.tw€n d..r6d

'i;;;;;;'"..i" "". .i.".'d' ih. @BB''ro!h..iz. or lh. óroiccl'

-n..l' *-*ll" n"".-'t'*celpoetit o.n.qłiv6| on 06

"l"ii'r"' .n.

';',"'v "t tt'"*'nń€ńt si,.6.nd tYp.. in d bui|dlńowilh a l.tg6nlmb.r

iiiiiii-;'ii."! ''"ń,

"., "."n so|udon in a bui|ding wŃh low ap.ńm6n*. Th. EEIEI

|tiFń l.bouoh not a|w.F 3taied wtrh .qua| pEcisnEg.l 3oru

if'im*"] a*.-t'"i *.. sń.'n .izo' Th...r€goli6ś.iiffi*.@'*.Ęń-*ł"q"ry

"t "p* "pac.ś a|'o includ..rho* 3p.ci|iod |or pńv.to uE. lt6nanb,

".iiij." ,.*..ó.;.-ł.n. au&nońh point€r ai ths top ol th. pag. 6'..s to thó ońen.

talioń otihalloo.plan.'sca|. ]:2oo.i;; i'iiĘrErrt th* -..'.. dua| tundion: oń lho ono

r'.ia.n-!ńm-'".ua.*..n"*- o| thB hlnobooktmo bv quidinghim thlough (h.building

and !h. ;ndividua| apańmont w..h wo.dś: by suńń.ri'nq rh. fioor pl.ń idea' lh€y

"i.."ra. - .n. .r'- ł. t.* . t h. 3@g b.lor. him. Ta6v

Śhould h.|p hiń ro pblil 'bm

tn. idoa bshindth.ll@' p|an.nd ńol'rcm rń6lo.F it h.3

#i:jńł:*mi: ffijł'*J".*:.".J"*"$ffi1.1i*r* ;:; jłłTh€..1eńs

'udh.rmd. ińtbduce rh. r€.der and us€. ollh€ A1l'.tov.rious [email protected]

wav9 ol €adinq rh.lloo] p|.ns cont.in€d' on. [email protected] i3 to c.nsid.r th.lloór p|.n a

sr;.ture o'.nd.vidua|dws|lhq unir3iń.I.ccss. ń.fuorr - crńi6| a5 thk nawork |E{or

;;;;;; ;;;;'i.ińiiśii"g.I"o.^'..i" ni".".at.t." riErcul@dthE*p.d.Ańdhi66'o*act co.".F or orao

ffiffi"J"-;:iT:t :::::,'*"" """ ".." ";ooo€||v ai6nq* th. hou$

cr."i'.""" " *'i "rt"-" rn" .

dh.t d€ve|opód' how ń..v vrcms9B mńwd 6a|izaiiÓn' a m. Trjó$ rhB. l.xls ć!.a!10 thÓ.€ader luńh.r |ovo|s otcońpaljson' ónd th.y d€ńonitrat.th.l ono may *tBrac.lo.i.va!Droachrh.compl.xitv- on.Y by sup.'position o{. gr.ar va.i6tv andnJnb.rotana|Yś..and print. ol viow.

Tho.|ool P|an At|Ń H5usińq dmoinsa9 b.'ors ań un@mpkr€d work' conśóquo.t|Y. w.lopoat out invitarioń10 a ;.d.'sand Uś66olrhil bookwho l..|thol c.ń.in .dditiónal

Bi.kh5u.d - Ve aq'0r Archłektur

I

If

f Histoiical Development of Housing PlansI

-liEE!@lE@

-- p9' onó ńdv do|ins row hou3€

l "qs ń Jsr s"

. 'nło'PnedtstoTh6lol|owinq diŚtinotion. aJe possib|o in th. rYpoloqy ofih€ p.tio hous.:3ńgul.i s.ni.aiium' l!l| atiuń, mlllip|Fpario' 3nd Eised b|ock typ.l. Th.g€ lolń. progr€*.wly

e. in conllnclion wth a d6aebui with incraśińg spaiia|benelirs fl. |n otherwodŚ: thoŚ.

9t or€nqaqo.n 3ocia I int.ract.. n. wiih p vacv and wii|ld heai' Th. cos!8f'.ćtiv. rw hou* @nnd ono. $.s6

bBnetirŚ' o.qen€ra||y lour oulsid€ wa|k, it ha31wo (lsullYtno |onq6rl in connÓn withits n€ighhols' and it3 y..d b c.ńri!uo!3.t th'eo sideswith at lea$rhE. neighbors. Thelow house' f,ewńh.l.3., i3 Ć!,

list.3 łt3 chjef ar1ractions the eod.st s.zo ollhe vald' manaq€

faaJ

---@. tudi8o a. . Ónóńom8nón

ttfafaIIa

Emp|oyóls alwavs wetcom€d th

Óci.ljgE: thóir idóólogy dić-ssp.ivat€pbpe.ty'

|n lhe midd|e oltho nin€ie9nth c€ntuiy. cÓnditions in Eurcp.w€.. nól pńp.t|ouswithinciti€9 tor building Ćompany'spo.soJed dev.|opmenrś wirń q

rrorion boom initiatsd bY ind

d inrhelamoJs bÓok pub|I.fud bv F'iódnch Eńg.|.' "cón.f,qland" (wri.t.n ń 1343',.nr

with baćiiÓ'baĆ!(tvp.ś. in Śń.||óńd dirty couńy.ld3.Th.$ |vp.ś

'djoin.d oih€r dw

Ón6 bui|djng śjd6. Th. n.'o'nv

Durińg thiŚ p. od' ńot a|| .nrr€pren€uB we€ .rpbn.t.v.| Śo

n772.]a37' and Rob.ńow.ń l]771.]a53l. Manv. jnd€€{.l.vćd oi1h€l in'oo'ol3@iali3ticnrikes' ot q€.o inspn.d byph.kńrhrop.. motivós. |. Eng|ald.suoh ontreplonÓuE w6r6known as paierm..sls. Undórtho.dical|v cońpe|linq ciJcumstan.es oi tho time in |.on.

.ial vilIaqes lol rhen wolk€rs theB- Jam€s s' Buckinqhamini1iatedtniś ńov€mont in ]349. B6.w..n ]a60 and 1a63' Titussax. a manJfadu.erol

which 'eatuled

such 'acilities

lot 1he rcside.ts as a school' church' hospŃal' parĘ af,d

d (2)' Th€ dw.l|ings bUi|t

chocolalo p.oduc& G€o.q€ c.dmlnghań' social g.n8'ositY ń.rk.d thiE d.v€|opń.ńr: clNing śtE.l!, l.Ę.r p|oB w.th

{3. 4 !- Addltjon. I p6t6.ńa-|isl€siaiosiollow€d in th. l37oś' ińć|Jdińg tłoń Śuń||ghl bli|. by th€ 3Óap ń.gńat6wi|.

ig..6thónhóh. sl.dIun0 bv th.Kllpp' Malgarerhenhóho, built in ]906' diśp|aYód l6na.k.blooń hous€swnh ja.qe kit.hons l5)' Eb.ń.z.r How.ld. p'ofo!ńd|Y ińpl.33.d byth8s.dev€|opnents' lol|owed by iounding th. ifut g.rd.n citv cÓńp.nv' |n |90a' th. archi.lecrl Unwinand Pai|.o. built tho galdon city ol Lotcnwońh lor rbw.rd, in m.die.|śtY|..Thorowaf,d lif,łed housosoroct€d1hÓl. had E|ativ.|Ybl@d.ńdsh3|lów p|!n.(6'7l-

AlthÓUgh smo a.ohnec8 6nth ,r app'odćh.1h6v p|a.nedrchitods Bi.mo6chmid.

MuthesiJs, and ló$6ńow buj|andlh€lowel midd|oc'a$. t|oin.icb r..5. ńow l.ćÓgn.ż.d th1Ypo si.ndadiztion and d.siqn6d ,ow ho!$3. .x..dód in h.|i.tińb.ńd ..y|. wirh

s had thro. rcoms, an oat-in kitch.n. toil.r..nd rdd.d-onf.ciIiti€3 lol anima|Ś.nd Iaundry l3'.

ru rururuWY

ffiffi

Eaiy in rhiscenlury; pot.r B.h an inftu6n a| ss$.y .alred''Building Economica||y" {Bś

'n, ]91ą iń which th6v.dvocar

.ńn.' Adol| Loos wo.kod

atonród h(9' |o'' only th€ rirswaded rho ceiling boams oi two !dj...ńr ń€ighbors' Thond rhs yald con9i9ićd oi wood.ń wa|l..Inb hoG.typoieteroud was the inst.Ehit.c.wnh his €xtrcme|y loducod coińdor.p...' hó.chl.v€dhall-lurn stairc!... blt wnholt b.t|roońló' ńali.od i.(i.lho€k

'n 1925l1ll, Bruno Ta ou. witfi hi3 3pac...ln h..

.lihan wó.xpsdtoday.

wir! ]lvińg/dining room of 2a m:, k'tcn.n ]0m,, óńd paB.rs,b.drcom 20 m,.Th6ho!€.3h tub a.d !oi|.t 02). lx.ńp|3ry fo. all alcIit€ds involv€dconsl.udion, howov.i was ttu developm6nr rearizod bv4. oud b!i.t gór.os oltwo'p.ńnd seoaf ate entronc.3 (]3l' B.tw€€n 1922 and 1925 Vidoronstruction by building unń9 c.nfigur€d in saw'tooth.

st'w€31oiien.6d stlo€tin cltó Mod6rnsin Brusselsl|4l'

st May b.gonwork.9 a d.p.fuońtmanaqo. in1ho Build.nklurt .n Main. M6y' who had wo €d as a youno m.n ioting of Hamps.old Ga.d.n cltł

diare|y pl.ńńńq pńlabl.cat8d póriph€ry o'th. citY- Maypli.c'p.||vimp|€m.nt.d.ś€qućncaofiwo'andthree3torYrheirśudound.ng topog'.phy.ln addirion to p'e'ab.ic.t.d cońpÓń.ńtś' h..eaIilsdaddi'tiona| coś-olfćctiv. id...such as *andadi.ed boi|t.in kiićh.ns: buii|in dbingts| tl.tmols shich cou|d b. Mlk€d on: asw€|| as sla.dardted l!.ń

s (5 to s.1s m widet diff6r6d bitrdina y ro the hous.axjs o5).

onth6inn.5t.vaofth€o.lisch i.d|unewalb!.lt in 1927 inan do5ign by |ldwiB MlĘ van d6' aoho' contarY to rh'

stullgad lradjtioń iń bui|ding - with in. gabl€3 of ho!3.ś peipondicul€rro th. góUndis hÓUse3 paE|le|toth. conto

p..ct.c.d in Ftank'uń houdag dove|opm6nts. M.ń st.ń formulated lh. m.xim ofplan.i.ng heE| hóu.6.a9 obi€dso'dai|y ugo' and nor..3btu.symbolś'Thomo.tint.r€dlneĆonł'burion ń.d.ró bwłisaconst.ućlion c.n..gain

'óm Jakob!! Pi*.r oud:a d.€p

hleÓ |.vóls' sp6.i.| f6.tue. o1 hi. d$ign w.l. th.ioibrrhrom, a w.rr.d-in counyE.dm on th.l.v6| ol tń6 śaircase laading {16).

wo.liEt p.z. 'n

th.comp€liiŚiock si€d|uq in K6nśtuhe' Gelm.nv Un|ikó th. sturtgańand F'ankluń d.!.|opń.nt,lhe simp|icny ol p6r.l|.l.ońh. ololdod bycrop.u..9 p3ńol his plincip'o o' -df'ic'.nr consłUdioń.s.to orqańiżation."H. rośeped 22% ol prcp.rtvaBa asoutdoo.publiclpaca,af,dhowasab|.ro l.a|iż..aćh dwo|ling u.itono.|v j49 ńż

s bu.lt h€E, órolnd ń.|l w.re i. tb. lom ol Ew hols69. f.'the BauhalsŚi.dllng in Dessau.róńońi G.'m'nv wa[er G@piB .nd Hańń.ś M.veldeve|oped a sp|itr.v.l typ. in 1926' l..ving sp..ó w.ś on gtouad |d.l, aud b.droń.

i'basomónt a śp.ci.l lorń ofa l|oo. p|an with rooń clG.teB 07l' For !h. o.ńm.'śocl si.dlung, onlh.óth.r hand' G.opiu. coftribut.d a rcw.hous. iYpe 5.60 ń widó' wńh peĘendicutaFor.€nt.d n.iMav in th. m.ddb nal. onó ol

he.. otpandod rh. een.y plot ao. by.ddlns . ft.t rootwhich colld bówa|k.d on, a.d dssiqned. p|anfB.ruringtholiving bom a. c.ńór: ż pi..

bauconvibltion.

Fo. do.iqnins ih. mo'6 picluresquo vi.nn. w.rkbund siedluns an 1932, rh. orqaniz.r3

. hB work wi$ rcw-houss1yp6 and sma|l-holso p|.m' ln h.s Vi.nna low ho!s6. lńngpionoebdtwoidoa.otourlim.: |t.xihility a.d pa36iv. ŚÓ|.r.n6rqt His dif'oBńt.siż.d hou6s5 aB ori..t.d wnhihen blo.d śidestacjnq th€ so idsnb'path.Th. brcad 3id.con.BrGd ol wood a.d g|63.i .nd th. otho. rhreó w6ll! wóń mad. ol m.s.nry wńh .halloponang3. Losicarry, tho o.r.n s wE sftr.r.d on rh.lu y

ńit.iy nomsand tno śor.o€ loon low.ńlh.n.ń|l.s|id.inq dooJ. b.N*n th.livinq .oofi .ńd on. bonBom off.Ed c6d.in {lotibi|i.v ol B. nglIn his Wo'kbundsi€dIUng.Ado|fLoo6te&lhooppodun.tyÓ'ńali.inq hi.naumpl.n con.Ć.pr in lhofotń ola thBo.s1orY low hous.' A two.story.ivińg mom is bord6rsd oń twond$ by a qanory"w h bujh an sotu (2ot.

tIrII

During th.era o' Nationa| so.ja|isr architocluro, b6tw..ń 1933 and .1939.loB{i.. ho!s.o mw*a.dpoin!s: |lńlGd hoĘ6! !ńd dup|ór..€niovad

p rors and window! withnal ailinitY wńh th. Hńh a.tt !h. |and'Bp.. f{t.il kilch.

ens disp|.cód kit.n6n. n..ńt only tor oooki.q. Al th€ w.' pbgEl..d' .ońdrldjon olliold! of .ctlvht... D! nq

lheso y.ar.. . ńorwońhy hou..ng dave|opnonl took forń oulsido th.3ph.E o' Na.i

Aalio b.g.n woik oE th. €.id.niia| prcject bui|t bY th. suni|. pape cońpany lo' itsusi.q gó!p. on th. south

Ilin93 ińclud.d thre'sio.y.dfuo hal!b.$ń.nton..

'Bmrh€ |Ówer |ying south 9id6s' lwo 2łoom.p.dń.nts

in lh. middl.' l&ćh€d 'bm

rhó nońh side' a5 wolt .l rwo Up9ó. 2łoon .osnmontsiŚo on thó nońh sido l21.22l. |n otbo. wo.ds: tb'€.low

s.,ins ond witn toldb.sr

En..ś.Tha no1iYalion' inn.ad' wó..ocio|óglca|: privaą.n. wai impołanrto !h. €rchit.ci' ow. rh. cÓurś€ollimg.

thil artituds'óund propon..r3 ańonq Eńqlish snd' |aior. G.rman a'.hilóct.'

+J!!rn-l'

i r$!i_.tfLlT'ifft-ą

rĘl*r

-F t

I

I

coslot''eorivo Utiliz.lioń of1he etp.nśive propońy i. citiB l6d to wido.pr.6d con.t!c'iv. common .ccsss to rhe

enl bui|dińgs a.e con.lrud€n €ith€. wirh p.ż||e| |oad'nn .yrtems. Th. n.u.!ur.l

d.siqn hasessen.ial inf|U8ncgo ||śalologi..l|Ya$ocia!q .orido.s, and cb33wa||s ar. us6d in coniuńcri.. wńh

nth Ć$rury r.pBlgnted rhó p.r|od ol gEar.fl oretcrwd-inq and wÓrs. ho!3ińg conditioń.' Th6 holsino p|.ns o'lhiltjm6 rcl|óct.d chang.bg so.

nd' ińduślia|jżarioń and mig}dion nom rh. coun.ryśid.

lh63. c'.ś3.ś ol sociory, in rurn, ocćupi€d hous.ng cha.act6|djng cod. wentinroóń.d in 1a53 and remaińed in torc.

mrn 13a7. Thó pmpcg oł rhd avjng o' śreer.' the supp|vll.rion ol a Śswaqg sysioń ' wa

the cfuo1ic o|owthÓlrh€.itŁAccoding torhese.ow.6gulatio..' ńoim.lórh.n 1.5lo3po.sons wÓl..utho.iz€dlo |iv6ina.o.mfrcm 15to30 mżin si]ng un.t had ńot Yei bo.ń d.fined a. . śćpal'r6 €nrńŁ Th. kiichen,lor.xanpl., wasofren s€par.r.d frcn th6

'ooms ii soŃ.d by a conidorwhich próvid€d.ccóś3 to sev...|

s no1róqlned fol bui|dińgs up to Ś6ven s1or...' T}e sif€ ofcou.tyads d.p6nded o. ń...nge o' tt.spray f'om 'l.6.dcpann€n(

noso3.

Anonq th. bourq€oi3i6 olthk oE, the ulqó to ń.k.a. inposing impćssion w3ś noro

ed in each hous.ho|d' th.l6 w& no n.ód lor llool p|ans

-whjch'..3s.u€d efliciońJumli

I

!

I

I

hć.ó!dyard l23t'

rqo apańm€nrs and .n prepond.ranco of módium3.flddw€||inqs- Frcnt.ńd rca. bui|d o maximif. Ólp|oitarion ol

trh w,n6 .rt;ndino .rono(Bł|D R@m|'nńred

';lho goony ń mmłs- Tho$ rcoms l.oqućntly seru.d *tho'ouohiaBs to bódroon.l.c.

l apańmóhis o' l.Ś at,|Uónl tonanB' couĄ5rd. and l.ghtf lheso inń.rb|ock buil.Ilngs. p|.n .nd d;jgń of ń;3€vods havinq a sign.fl cant eif ect on ihe qu!litv o' tho ap.ńm.nt.'

Emnen.ytvprcal w*. 4adm.ńt.housjng b|ockśwńh ć.ntral'coridor plan.sd€velop.Bd jn V.€nń.' A cental cortidol.f'oded.cc.ssto all rcoms. Tho gEat i|ock depth is;'prox' l2 n' o'rha36.padmont buildingŚ - .ś wgl| a. ń.w buildińg cod6 ref|.ciinq..ł.

6d the rocat.on or rho$ corid".. w.u_, ".** rJ tr,"

bt.n..ts ol sov.ńl l.miliŃto 'I""

&słh*. * **..i"i|actor in tińós ol critic.l hoJsing ne.d. a6thrcon9 in3r.|bd at lhó bsqinning ol th..oentb .. or w.ta. rin6.

sing conslruct.on becam.app...ntdurinq th. €ar|y yo.ldolrn. new.antuly.ln B€nin, B sius t"gan to i-piomentt.|y prcqEhma1ic śocBl holsisq idgag. ]xńuqhout Europ.. -.ł'lt"i,t" a*Ęi'J *JI H6ńor Gu'mad in Pans.

Gaudi in 6.ć€|ona' ańo viclol t|od. 'n

a|E.skl24l.

-r:7f]Effi'!ĘttilYfit

|n la27 3 census in Bodiń ..vealed lhar 496 r.ńi|i€s in !h. vicinity ol H6mbuĘ6r Torwhich 25% wgl.lubdivid.d bY oh!|k l|ń.5 dEwńon thÓnooi Aloundth. midd|.olth€ nin.io€nth conrurY. rh. plol.1a.i!t m.do up6bund aa%

cla$lŃ€dundoidGadlulrv -st..o,ns otac6r-: rh6y

na.rs' .oJńm€nr.' By €9o' th..iato*. "irłi* "l s"..

|op.E bóq.n wirnih.con-ońtś on tho our.k'rl. o'th..iiy.

lr'e siiuarion was |itr|. dif'ercnt in Vienna.nd L.ndoń. The boi|dlng cod. Ólthocltv olvimm ól|owd a5 % o.lhe ł€a ol a plola'6s 10 b. Ćov€Bd by buj|ding.l25). For iho

dir..tly on thi3 thoiouqhl.r. i26t' |t was nor uńii|$o.nd ol th. "ń*.*lh; ;ih;;condtiotu also srsduaUy inpm

EJ!:t'!nł''!r|Ę.p'an etrwł6*@dvd6 n iń G.lmony w.snot.b|g

oncoptŚ' A.o.sid.rsb|o numbł ot a-t'ltrcg.i"-..ai.

I

I

Alreadyin sl. Petetsbu.g. Kl€in divisionolth.roómśotanfuncrion.l.d.viti€s. Th€

l.nilv ..ń tnen p.r'olh thói. 'uńcnońś

iń 1fu$ grups witholt dtt!rb'ńc.." K|€in,sconc€p.wasat varianco wi

' r v.rl which e.v. pBlo.enca

ompót..ion'ord.3igningholsjngiYp.!' th.r h3 was ab|s tÓ p.o$nr hi3 op.dmónt p|an idoa' Kloin,g thr.ó pl.n3

tvia a natur.l|v l.t€nt.nc. hal|'whjch in ilrn lo.d€ onroon. In two ol hi. iyp.3, thó b.doons welo diBclly .cc€..

slble lrom th€ livińo óom' |n hjs1hild tvpó. h. inr.rpog.d a comhon a.toroom iG.'mań:Pantofl.|gan{, |h.'..|y ''house3lippł thoblghr!rc1with a do.r to tho bathroon (27).

H€€, '

snal|anresp.c. ofióś ac.€ss to a T'shapód.onidor oń o.€ sido Ó'tnocon.doral. th6 .6.lto.v .ooń. {with s.pararo wate' |ines||oń lh. Óth6raBthe dining and |.ving

adsto a 1inY privot..ńt.roń. Th. stotge bom plovid.din th. dh.'rh6ó p|.ńs has dwi.d|.d to. buih.i. c.blfu( in tno k.t.hon (23l.lń ]92a'Kl.i. d.vólop6dth3 c|.ssi.a|c up wilh its b.l.orvlac.sihew63ż:th.sl..ping groĘ isorienledto th..asr (29l.

s'o.aqr.atv.ridyo'luńh€rdevolopm6nlg ó3p6Ć'.lly{orpe.iod in whićh ńuo'ćipa|buildilg cod.g gtipu|ar.d th€

5. Xloin work.d koń th. pr|ncip.|st.ndpoint oloff.ńngllnctiońa|' non.pl.d|qious apartmont p|an.

'ol l.niii.3 wiihottt sóru.nB. Kl.iń's ap.

wi1h diogr.ń3.3 rook' on

eneĘ€iic n'.d did not' howło.' 'top

ł tnig pornr' ln1926 h. te.sived a.ontEcr tÓ d.siqn alivo.stoly ópańm.ńl buildinq in a |owłis€ hÓul.jng d€v.|opm€ni- Hoqa.n.d |d..s for his wo.k

'bm 1h. two.srory plan. or1ńs.di.c.ńt

'ńd EngIish aleńp|a6' ńo conś6qu€nt|Y d.siq..d.tYp€

.' again €cent|v baok in '$h.on.

x|6iń pBvid.d moison.etes on 1ho ground.nd i|rśr upper lovo|, in.ddirion ro Śmal| apadmónls op.ning Ónto

dandlhid uppó'l.v.|ś.Th.thes. Ii'Gwi36.cc..s.d byóp6n"an qa||.'ió..

|n his |ate ho@ing d.v€|opments' walt6' GloDiu..|.owÓ.kBd on lho ba3i3ol1h6 clJst.rl|Ódp|an (3o)'l. hi. Franklud Preiect Ól 193|, h. fudh.r d.velopsd ittoa c|a$.c.| planwh.ch Uńri|roday ha. b.ón wide|y emu|a.e.]. Hg comb.n€d lh. cBntla| coridor .nd th..nt€rÓom ro fu.m ań !.3h.p6d ćoridor' Tllo Bśult wa3 .n .ćononical' d.op.r coń3tuć.non which Gropiu3 iin.l|y appli€d in 195?

'orhi3lnr6rb.U contibution' Ho6. h. m.chan.

rioUslunctions doqn. lońg' nałow controI conidor

wonqorlu|b.@uś.'lw'3mod.l|.d on |ilo. Ho.r..t.d a .d 1o ns.ur6| light oń twosjdes. with |oggia and djn.ng .oń€. wnh fiówor wantoDom o' rh6 bsdbom group. H.r€ w. hav. iho ą3. oi .ń organi@||y concóiv6d

ol conidÓr 3p.c. wa! an impoń.nt po.nt. Ado|' Rading,Hall in Br..|3u' próssnrgd a cabin pl.n lor g.ound'lsvól

ap.dm€nis in ]92o. Hiś solu1ió. plop!..d 3 connruc'ion aoobt.7 ń d.o!, with lh..n.l*.d hY ihre. *bń

bunłg. óachwnhfuob€dś andblilt'in cab.n6l.:.h. kiichonIan ant..śp3cs with bó...

nown in l.ow.G€m.n '.tmhoudlthowh rh.y w€.e on|v b.d ńichB inrhow6||th.E' Lldwig Hilb.r$im€r'who prcsont.

|6r accópted Hi|b.t'.in.',s ahost .lt.Bny' Tb. sconomi. adtnbg.! o' lh. cab.n pl.n

intńocl.aljo' ofmod..n conc€ linq'Hi|b.rs.im.i Rading.and sch.dun- Anothe' wasA|gxand.r Kl6.n. who m.y b6consjdorcd in gBat.r d.b|l aś

UruavÓr lor th. c.ly o' st'arsd10 B.rlin in t92o.wh.6h6workedtorton y6ar3.

"M.n and hb dwBltinq! aB c.p.bló of fanslo.Bation| f|€xib|o' and v.t o.lmanonr'"j. ]92o iń his book "Di. A!'l&Unq d.l stldt. Ód6r dioErdó6ińBguro Wohń!ńg- lTh. oi$olulioń oJ citi€s: o.. rh. E.dn al Good Dw.n|nd|.TaUt\'msoh' too.3ure' dld norns heńl. Ludwiq Mi.9 i.ndłRÓh€ did. how.vol' .ućcó€d iń ruaIizino hi. r.r|i.rpUbli'hod id... .nvo|ving apońmgntsWth 3i.ól.sko|oton conlłJdio.s' al|ow.ng movablow.l|5 b.rw6.n |@dbo.rinq Ćolum'

senhotsi6dr!ns in stunq.rt waing cÓnstruction.l con slrainl3. Thó ..lul|o n o.. b|.d 4' 5'

Ór 6 ps.3oń. to bo hous.d in th€ same |iving o.... Van d..floh. aoDliod ido$ ftóń tńocabin plan in gEn€bos lBhion h.r6 l34l. sovon Y.sll |at.r. E c Ftihsrg€r rcolizód hi3epoćhal ob6iiÓn in Gólóbo!g.(.li.b6cr: buildino l.v€|. a3 invari.bl. ćóncElFg|abcoń.sł!d'on, into whi.h .p.dm.ńt' cou|d b. in3t.ll€d accoldióg ró !.nanl n..ds and

stóifu.l|' and thr co.omn.shd (!.ó p.'.3rl.

II

I

I

I

F

r

rsimi|a. dsve|opm.nls did not !al.ś plać. in 3|l colntries. ln vienna,

'ór €xample. pr6r6F

;.". -* 4*. . .-'-.",-.*-a".-....'..v.'.'"".-", *-ual" a.-*. ol pEdictl socialism Tł'

'."..*, "'-" - -''n '-. - , .r. .ot th€ oi|mo obi.c' of

"l."."' tt.. -*l.-." '.a ańts, |oundi€ś' and Św'm.

-,";--, (-*s"*q.*.".']

iil*' uł' *'n '"

.t"''q*"..dr' pdń ol vienna' 'ń

l9 23' bv lhe orĆhn€c! (.lI thn.

'n impression waś m3de bY thó p|ans o{ th. .pańmenr

runq rn rhs NouDUhldi3ii'cl or

". *'i....o-" *"Iq*" 'ot

iha Uppót m'dd|. closl '36'. Bórwe€n 19|9 and 1922

ir'. ..hrr*t lfi"r'.r g.i'|.-.ń blit rh6 óxćńp|arv spang€n housinq dŃ6lopmon1 in

o"**"a l'.. rh" g.o-a noo.; one h.. its owtr dround-r|oÓśldrw.v'onth.9€conoUpp.tl|oora..op€n Jrg.l|.n.swn|

ihrouch 'ns

bu,loinss snrovs s

enolah for d€|iv.'ies and lor children,3 p|ayinq.Th. fu3l hiqłldse ap.ńm.nt buildińg.

-"..r" t'ilt n-. ta**" l933 .nd 193a: B€tgpo|d..lbv W. vań njón. BrinlG3ńn.andv..d.rvrus.tandPlasrsan1bYw.van1!j.n.ndH A M'a3kanrll33l'

conśłlctioń in tno axtónlivolv d€srroyed€$ luńhor,gq'awtod lh.

n*"''q -.""s". n*-".* c n.Ódl oom'ń.l.d b.||dingDlooia;s Ól th$. vełs' sińpi."i*"ł.-g e. *"l*"v

' .lopm.nts ń.d. in apad

waE |.v la!|ow: tho oo.ńdol gón.ral|ylorń6d rh..snt.rd

'ho O.łńd'' A" ' hooo* ui|dings w.ń.|iqned peF

v in oudv.ng ulo.ń disrids - w;d-"

'h-".h rh..ha.no hk.

...-. "ou'tv*a"'-roouv.

it t dińioutt !o undeśtand how|ho móto ol i..6.citY Pl.n.ning in c.m;ny ' 6pecial|y du ng iho 195fu . could h.vo pG.ibly bó.n "D.nsityRedLct{Óf, wilh Gl.6n ltrouqho ."

śo dovoid óf idoas. Lgc.ń!si..buittrh.unitód.Habit..]952'Thstvp. lealiż€d hólow

uó5n.dosion .l.mont wnh i6n unns, Ls cotbusi9r wa.t.d to rcP|.c..n onrno citv d..gtoy.d by ifi. w.i |n Mar9ój||€s during th. op.ning ot h.s bui|d|ńg in 1952, on rh. oth.rhońd' he eĘl.iń.ó a. follows|,,Tho intsńtion isżoslńply Ep|ac.th. citv nyapańń€ńlsin a.o.'iqurat.oń unknowń unri|now-Th. Unitć il P|.ńn.d to ofl.r il.E..doŃ.tń.*ń6ihŃ Mł;i .3 k abl. to plovido itsi€na.tscominglńm al| ie

.r' lnto hir buildin9. onlv 7co dor9 acc€$.dih.16 apańm€ńtand 2 shopllooB(39l.With his dosjgn' bco.busi.rbsstow.d yot ańotho.lruitlu|id..fo.lhs'Utur6' ilĆoni6.n.

l.bolating oń hń l'|dtó: a photo{.6pn showć twÓ llnqorśm.nt mockup inroa sk3lotoń mÓdo|. H.th.Ebylnr.cipat-

ed ih6 aDom..h lakon Ę by oth.ra.chit.d3ofth.197&:thco|umn/l|oór .|.b svśsm'

'nto which th. finishińg 6|.ń.nt3 c

Am€ńć.n 'inancjal

aid th'ouqh ine EĆonomic coop.r.tiv.Admini*ratloń (EcAl.nab|od

om th6 l920s, th.r. w..6 aqah ad6ńpt. in th. stuttgadEcA l1oBi.g D€v€lopńófi ro .€s|iz. .oÓm c|Bt.B wn.ch Wl4ol' At the sam€ timo' Arn6 JDenmark' Th€ jin*inq ol rh. arćhit.ctu.a|ly app.llinq anqiod bui|din$ ondows th€mwirh inlimacv {41t.

-rtr.{łEri:rot boÓn Óvercom. bv rhi. iimo

taal constldion lrchniqua3 Th. p3.iod ot m3jo. u.barn w$ applaod sv'rYwh'B:

co.stBint.dicbtód byconńrlction..Dn. ru.waYB'.ndq rows. Th6 rcsuR w.. .n int6rchang@h|6 ńóltal.iy in

*Wsir''i &ŃUm&En&wq'|Fd#{l$]hł Gł

II

lhogo hoŃinq po]e.is. At ih€ sań. tims' hieh .i'. apańm6ńB buitdin€g wi|h a to ]3

|ń 1956 Han. scharcun cońpl€r€d hi. "Wohnq.hóft6" I|iving ćoud3) p.oj.d. in si6m.n3.

"i.ar. a-!". rt'*" -'"v*o

i.".-"o*--"o,n. *.oi]iłr.'".. .'.".".. ".." " bd.sde]ł€d ł42|.

inq oxhibition wag op€nod

*'iJ".i.'I..r..x.***""I.|957Highł'sedp.ńmenlbu||B wote conrisuEd ltsnbon'_w

;;;;;.1;b" ;;""... ";. "". h'np'nod

'rc.em'd 'herii"lJ * -.a*. t'.*.s. l.l a. Eermańń' Gropiuś. Joe'

'1-"*i s".*l.-' L"o;,,. l''i6ney.l, scharou, senn'.nd oihe.Ś. L€ colbusi€rwas

.tr" . s..u -*t'". u'I.a *ńo disbńce awav' AatÓ'ś cont'ibutiÓn was 6ćp6.'!ly;;.,,"."",h.''"h....'.'.ii. *^*. -* 't'" --" . ,."*tl"..*'*"t..'nI'*lfuńhłdNe|dń€Ńśe."...:ól' ln on. s.nn s nig*'! ".*,.r *** +*" -t,t . niov: oii'nb'bn to Modi..Ćtionó oi ih€ cÓńpass 144l'

NotNońhy low{i.. housin!' d6v.loPńónc w6B builr out.ido G.rń.ny du ńg lhoss

' AloIi.r s bu||' th.6ń16ń€|v d

.*.*ll""x.l*t"*p.s.zło)Th€p|on3n.duntsp.c|.qo L.'Jvń. Pdrk m o.voii:a;;;i;;";'

". *..|"..'.'..cwtrń |l€x|b|€ plań.' Tts3.

'nc|u@d k6łjnsń.ó sni

.." ";*"' - Ia* '*I"-**d in tń. l99os (45l' Fol lh.K'.|n on6.oloiodń tlo.g&

l.,i,lłl'*i".a.'*"a*g..'.andBak6m.d63ig.odpl.ń.'!.i.a

".rlr....' *a *I.t'

"ppori|oo|s holizonta|lv orr!.t Ę on€.xb in Eiń. coss

i;;in"fi.'l.€Dotd.@'oemi,i.t.-aguuitrinxaas.łącati.. "r*-r.*'i"ń

oIraI"g".Ith ouGido accó$and ńo v.nicb |ńfńc l$o pag.266l'

I-EEEIE'ATnis periodwasoharadórized bY ńajol Uń.n oxpańŚion and byemtruotion ol highłB.apa;m6n1ś.nd tgrEćs blj|dinqs. A younq 9.noBtion o' a.chit.ct. D'oded tho mbsń.d:!.ign apprcachasolL6 co'busił and luńh6' d.v..op€d Ha

v*ai..i ru.qu.-l". ru c-buś../s maiśonót. pl.ńs onioyad gEater app.al anońol.r'It.a" rr'"i '--g h"*I.g A.Ro! @bin p|.ń dovslÓP..a I" r'" n*.o."*.*ru.a iońsid.rab|. fuńh6rdov.|oPmsńt. somi"Publ|cspac.s.nd

inimiz.d. This q.n..a| .óńd6ńcy djd ńot apply to Ran

Erskinó,s ayk€l wal|in Newdśteupon.lvne lb.q!n in 196r). H.ro'app..|ing op.n-arqa||6 ós access 1wo ńaBon.nŃ. one óf which i3 dsvsloP.ownwafd' Tn€ ba|conicsł€ loc.tgd b€1w.enrh€ćoridoBi47l'

AnqIed'oft stag9...d, rel€cad, .nd lhńhńical|v ŚvuctuBd b!ild.ng: ch.Edo.iz.d thoI.Jg..l'panńim p.i.ąs a'd.sqno'.pac6'enc|osin9 hlilding.whi.hdólinod Iarg3..micourrY.ldl. cEat|ńg no'qh.

bo.h;od.. j\ pbto1vp. ol lh.3 kind ol !.bgn d.v.|opmeńtonth. outgk|rt3 o' rh. ĆjtY wo.

€v.|oom.nś t.main.d .nd whouśińg complox domonśtralod - iń rhÓ v6ńi.al dim€nlion -o"u"lop.unr. a"n=irv' i..', tt'u d|.ńóvical opposito olrh€.pp""a i"*t-tI". ń. *"ł l.l on|Yon&lifth olth.ap.ńmonisiń th. M{.kkch.. \fieri.l' Thg pracrics or .ow cÓn* Ćtion oańs io an .ńd with thi3 prj.6t . at |..3r ror

lhe iime beinq. Th6 b!i|i resulB ol1hs Mórkisch$ vlóń.l. fłońview' rcpEs€ł.d . śiqnilicant advonc.' Llrqo-scal.. 3hglt6ring g.stuBs pl.vidgd byhigh (p.lhaps too highIbuildińq! tooktha placs ot6na|'lik6t;s. A simil.r sp.tial słUńub had b€sn Balif€d ..l|i6r t1g57.]96ll in P.ltHi||. sh6l.

ll."* it rr'".ame tim., t'".izońtl d.n.ity gls b.ć.mo a m.t6} o' invo|ńmó.t' lngxrrem6|y dsn$ hoł.jng da

|.inz. Ausrio' Bv vidu6 of us.nq fÓur.lofY ap.dm.nt'p..withv.ńical.a.có..cońr|q!..3iiońs - whici d.śc.nd6d b oń..storY hó!.ó. on th. D.nubo . f,.ln.. 3.hi€v.d a

d!c.d ' lorń.|lnd social mix l49l' |ń E.gland' P.t.' Phipp.n Bal.zód 6n atium.hou..

d.v.lopń€ntwirh a q.gar v.'i.tv i. tt.'loorplans (9.. pogg264).

Duńng th.sp€riod' archit.dg oncoagsin puEJ€d L6 cońJsi.cept ol36pa..tin! rh€ 3uppońing śruduro freń t'B linishin.."lbd'-hl.hlh..pet-.ń

or.t. socio|ogic.l inBigha inb rno dasign ol apadm€ntnt. ln ó tYP. ol so.ia| cońgulii.o. archii.ct3 dov€|oP€dsio.3 ioe.th6r wnh $. {urutu lsnsntr l50'

-E:eEilErdr

t.d in lavo. ói Ulb3n Bn8w.

ońp.riliv.. Th. Ó.| crki. of 1974 luńh.mol. prov'd.d.iU€| €ńo'qy {rom Ń|ór 6nd g

l lI. rlL rIrl@lEl=ffiffiEtH€!

tE!IEL-S

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tir.l it i

ii"'il,i

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iii']iI-i. iIJ.;';"; "'." "u"t''bamo; luńbdu' Raśi'u.leruńql Und ó'n6lad'kdIe s.nie

-i. ,rus-- *a n**", "

^iji,".']l"-.-j' Jr ..^. la"";"ir..-;* e"-.n*' -I' Ił..- n

-i.,i. *i" -'i4". ..".*l.l'i",".,"*.r. r.i a". s*r"-l,li.ii''i śii'i";1;a..".".l" "..n"*.i

*.p.*'"o.'t".'ij. *"i'ljIl i"ii*a*q t.. d|€ Eiiichtunq von staollandg."a rr.ro"o**s*' "l* *.h z6.|.n uńd d.r neus B.utyp ''stodfui|l.- gaĘlr wud.n-óli'..ip""ńn'';.'" ." *- ro3. Und B.wohneranzah|

ili'.i"i.i'Jl]" "i"ili;';; "'.."a".ol.*-r *"n..ł f eil d.l Ubad'ńons'oÓlo'

'*q r5z', w*.h*the*-*Da3fl.ihenhals wird durch v6 b€ra&h durch oitle'dnzie'

-* ji,i i."'* **.l"o"t''l|hiq |iir dio Mih€|Ś.hicnr' '(

"i"l-"' ńir...'*t'"a*'. sieo|uńq suni|a dbet€'ńan

J..*"i.t*. c-"a'i"* l.*nfeichń.n ein€ Epoche, ind6r m.riJć**.ti."". **' t* nachb.u we.d6ń oiniqe wohnrr]i* śi;;Ja." ".. ..l.."ren Fańilien .Ussńmen .r|ćhier' dio Unter óinem D3ch

q€m.ińsam wohn.n wol|€n' rEEEEEĘo|. B.u|iick6n Jnd qolii||l' die sEdrern€U.ruńgen $ qu' wE abgeśch|6$ń' M8n

"",ii """ a- s""ru-*o**iiii"*.r'.""*. *" a.. ro";; ;;;i;;;;;";"i. c","h.-d E.'*!d^ oŃ*hMden slruktuBn wiEwchłg' Die P

",. r.i..J" 'i". -.r"*r '""ó,..jińńlo."g. ol" ..l..;ló R.ihunq d€r E'€ment6 t6bt wi.d.r aul - in sudteb.Uao.ini.nal" ńl., i. e.na,iB.inó Folge nutunqsn6ut6lor Rłuńo 153' 54,55}- ln den

G.Uńdńśssn wird F|.xioi|i!ćt anq€st.lr. d3 dG runfr'g.ń Be

-.''..-.n*-."'ln*.*'liJi.ii... """

***-.u s"iI.n.* fug.'d.- ;.n .'s;-;'n F|.l'u|ń.t a|s o|n. Bere'cii.''.t.ń.a. "ńi*'uń" 't

d.rwohnung€n łvdriabi.

'I*ii."J ś"t"l"zi-.* **a...". w..* n.lnr' *"'t*' cenaU.o be[.Ót Śńd dis Mil1oIt..ii*' i'.s* L.** * -.,.i*.i*. o," u."-"* 4",w.edersiń Gósta|iuńqsa|€ń.ntqswo'don.;;-;-;..ii;;:';ń"d"ń "n;ł {ombindion vd wohnon und lb€rur|i.hl Albeiten.

,^.J r'i- i"' a* g'.,vp.c..driB das Ercobnis. D$ q.ht sÓ weir' d.B in G.olśsiódt6ń

ir."itl. a""*" *q.a.;ht--dón.dio.owoh|łiirB0ro. eketbaurw.'d.n Łónn.n l56l'

oi6 Handhaounsi**ic*ir'"**u* "r."'...,i'"*.,r";a*. *p.*' ""."-.'iia*

.r...**ł.w.rd.n nun hl. und d. Wrkllchx6ir(571ii a"ilii'it'j'""r"al'.s* -*a.n di€ GrundriBrYp.n in grcB.n $ng.n otn. v..iarioń.n

""..iii. oi" ń"rom,i" o." comput.6 in di. Arćh.toktUrb.jros tohń oł|snbar z{ ńtio.

R6ińh.rdGi.$|mann

-l-l-!Hl iił[Hi!t1[]flr

J-irlnlr tr-i! lil

@n'".p""."..,"."".'*d rccordino to an axi' arone whr:l'.'h: :iT,':li:-"-d 1! ::,',1:

The Layout of the Apańmentrrhe Floor P|an ldea

E9€nts lh€'nl€rpr6tation oi. coi.'ń nólon ól livinq.Th.

l,::1""i#;;;;;;;J";i""'i',:::;;li-;;,;.; *^" *-:'-::..."l ;;";.*."-" ath..nd ń€vi.w3'sońoLl#'j];1:;;i,i,;,.i".," ",.,r csre.. the 'tu.rcd

boxa.

:;:;";i;;,;;*** *" *;::;....".

'" dnoth.l |''lh l|Óol plan wńhorcuń'l'A

; ;;l;.;;;;..,""-"i;."ił:i:]ł:i*:if:::l:ll;* :::":ilT::,TH:'s.irJ:illxl1Tl':.T.1l.J"T:T:i;;-i;;;;;;..;' *p"i"*..ch pNev hd oi'orirv l-ńo @mdorrborÓ|an") or€v.n d

;;^,.' -"" h -h.h tho .ońdun'calvo ś'd. ol |i'€ 'ś

domln.nt l"!h6 c.n@'od |ivinq

::.:l'il;|;;;"'ł i;;..*''" ot p|anor9.n|zórion' since

liilj'...i.io. **."a * - .re JM.vg boinq ń.do |o

,.i1. ii"-p.*."arr"a" "r sxp.noaDrs r"tho rr'xibr' rroor pran"r'

i-_-r"--" '* ot careqo,ies rirvrhe svtluotion andrhe

i"''""..rl*i pl*" -"lń."s'',ds shouid b.addea'lh.-pul6tYp."shouldnev.lb.co*"^,-"i.i*'ir'."";""

-".lt'. "Il'ihe Iu|vexcn|nqsolulidnĘot.n lio on th. |in. betw.6n

rwo or do.e olthó.. cat€gońes.

;;;;i;;J""'';;';'i""."| "..""g"ń"m' *. "-.p.

t.tt'".ódUcd. D|.6Jnrcl6tiei '..." z **. rn" ..." .p Doin t:, dr.wl lh€ vi.ib. in

i"""i*ń." r'I..-**' ihrou9h th6 Óoms'Th..Dodńli.]'11. "'i"r'.."""ll" l *"-p|es .' 4)' tn bóth cffie.ńel.voul o| ths.p6ńhonr i9 D€J

i]liń-''i..."'"';v'*"*.'lv'mpodantń.ro 's th.ondpo'ńiolrhs*t(orłsl,which,

i1i. '.' **.

" .t'" l..q ..ń lesmo|€ Il; o.h.' wE€ n E oń€n lh6 kiehon'soń6l imeś

,i"i'iii."..i;'r'. r'",,."n ".i'"''.iiń" ;-. 'n.. *"u'i ""';oo. tt'" .u"un.g '.pl6$|on

u|! b. ol ón ofiic€n-lł. . -ń*".**.' *"ńpE 4 .odiliona'lv Iinś lh. indiv'.lu6| rcońg ón th€ Nln9.rcom sidó by neań9 ol a sharod Uńbrgafden.

II

EETEET||v

'ńtÓlplet€o Js a |alq€' op€n 9p.c€ wnh dn inś.ń.d cub. io.

| -'-ro -urr"'.si.". 'tI o- orr'"-*'"a"n3uqgeslh ordel to mak€ th. b

closet|peicepiiblaa.oninseń.dqeomst.ćVolUń..ilisolt6nDrąiódoutolilsł.3.th!3l ..."...l'. ..i. - i." *"gs

'o lh. vtew€r ń. box dividos Uo p.ths or.llM cncuń.mbu'

l L*.'l "L*.'ben' - I h6 |ivinqłoońand bodrooń h.I.l *.v" e-.pl.. l ..o zl ol lhe hv'nq rcom |loń tno s|..9inq U.ct (ox!mp|. 3)'A coń wŃn

.pj. iIl"t'.i. *. p.a"* "

lI"k b.Meen living ioońanddlniń!..6a (.*mp|o4l''ń on.

. menL wtrh sk!||ohd. Ex.mob 5 conla'nl no wa||Ś at d||' onlv sooc |8ś oo3sibl6 w.||l a"*-."*..ńa'.,I ir'oauor, rexamp,e ot

dlam.ric ifu mEdioto sp€cEŚ.

III

Thgl|oorolandev€|oosaroundthelivinqroom;iti9aronca 6cónlgranddi.tributoiandah6t.llpathsIeadrnroUghit',Ąteąis.dd€dtoth.IivinqÓÓmb.caus6drfi€assoo'ń.d.duclion iń h.l'-.v spa".' and even rh6 indivjdlal rooms ..n bo rcducad for il. b.n.lil:This des.gn iś 6xĆeprional|y communicative, bur does Eśnict oppońunitiBlo. priv.cY'Th.app.o.ch ńayiav€ iG or.qin inrh63pari3| Ó.g.nizBrion of o|d mońg.t.ri..withth.łha|t..ńdc€||s.Hilb.B.im..releBtolhis{vpóo'd6siqn...,.boóth3y.1.ńiA|varA.lto'j.contas!desclib€d his al| encompassing |iv.ne rooń$. "m3*.tp|.o6i Tl'6 .p..tmon|lhls ha3 a.|eatIy delined c.nr.. whil6 tb. r6sr oi thó looN l.ń.in noutra|ińt.ms ol

'uictionaidd.siqn(e'amp|.śl'2.3l'Thó|ivi.qroońć..a|sob6d.linóda3a|arg..t|lry,its oullińo d.!.ńined by rh. po.itioń oi th6 adiaconl rcoń. l.xaBpb a| Tno path.throlghth€|ivińgroommGth.vob€sńthoughroUtjns!chaw.Ylhdtth.ydonotimpanlivingqualily(er.mpb5l'sońgrim6El8j.rh.roomyoxamp|61)thob.dóońśandbdh9hav€ add.tiÓnal hallw.v. inc|u 'no n6.d to p|aco th€ |ivngoom m rń. qeomełićal Ćónbr oltho apanń..r (oxańp|s 6).

I

I

lI

(Jr

Th.noorp|3nc|ea v s€parates tho diłletŃ 'unctional

a'eas insido an apartm.nr: rh6 |iv.inq al6. wirh iivinq roon' kitchen. dining a..a| and rhe s|eopinq a.6a w.tń ind.vidu.lbsdroońs ańd bath (example 1l. Hobby .oońs or wo.krooms can

'om a thłd or.. oith.n

ow..Thoaiń nol€ is10€nabIe smoolh imp|emenrationolrh. individua|fu.ction..3imulra.eous|y ańd adjac€ntl' the individual membor ol th.

'amilY/apa.rnont commlnity

s}'ou.d reć.ive as muĆl| f...do h a.ca ha itl ow. h6lh'.vandlh€h.l|wayŚar..Ńh€rcońbińćdatth6ene...or.Eangedlńssqu€nco.Intho'iBtoas6 a b'th co.. (to bó.nr.i6d l'oń boin.'ćaśl can..pańr. th6 aróa. {eeFplo 2)orakitcnen.|ntnsća..olbui|din$wnhśńal|.Óudy.rd.'1ha3p.t.ldlvi.Ioncanbehand|edsimplv byarangińqth.lwo6r..9 ÓdhogÓm||y'Th6.ćc.* |..dś ińÓthe ha||MYwhich

ń3 l6r.ńpl6 3l' How.vóith. |iv.ng .6a cań a!'o providoindiń.taćĆ.ss10 :he sleepj.g .r€a bY |.trjng lhe |ivinq{oom h6||waY r!ń ińo thebed'oomhal|waYioxampb4)'ln.c,o$w.l|coBtruction..chań.ilott.ń.||óćar.dtoabaYwith a cóńtrol t.ansveEo |ink' Living.ńd ś|..ping aBs.ón abo bó *p6iated bychangingthódłeciionolrheha||wavInoldo'tocfoa1op'ivacYov6ninlh.ca*Óladk6dcońnection b.tween living rcom and slespine 3.6.,6 s.cond p8th toth. Ó.ńŚ b otren

rouqhthe kitchen or even thróogh th. bath (.'.mpl6 5)'since thc bedrooń hallway Ćan onlY bo Usen by one pań ollho ta'lic' it can alŚo b.exFnd6d intÓ a play or wÓrk conidoi zoning in maBon.tres is ho.izonto|. H6re th..nrranc6 usually lies on the levelol tno lving 6.eo.more ra.elv onth.t ol tha individu.la'ea.The 3ópa.atio. of a.og3 i3 no'. d€linit. h.r6.Gal|.ri.. ov6rlh.diń.nq arćaorlivinglobm h.lp !o esiabIish a relationshjp bÓfu66n th. le!óE 5nd 1o 9romob cÓmńUnicdion'Maxińlm p.jvacy i5 created in lho oxc.plion.| fo.m of th. [email protected]'pód

'|ÓÓr p|an

{ex.ńple 6l' whe.6 the diffelent rooms arc ov.n sepaEtod '

Thi.f|oorpl.niype isbasedonastldYo'th6pathśÓt€śideńrsduringdiffoBntactivńieś]n.id. th. .p.ńneń' wdlls al1ral€d'andth.śp.ĆesaEdovelopedacco.ding|y{.x.m9l.])'Th6parhśshou|db.shóń'the pu'e ha.l\!.v ać. ńmima|.and tno sp.c6 cań

'|ow inb..ch otheiRightałgl$6..

rc.The llooi pl.rc do app.arorgan.c, and ofton ńó wa||.seemiomovóawaylńnaceń.al,spaciou9h.l|w.ylp|.yfon6laśir'romano qin(ox.m.ple 2l'This

'loor plan emphasizes th.luńdiońal relatioń3hips bófue€n lho rcom3 and

tal.es inlo.c.ount 1he individ!.|.p.rial śequeńcB: for ańmp|g'lho E|.tioń.hip b6..droom and nu.s.ry (.xań.

pl.3|.Th. spaces thus.r6tćd have unusul foims| how€v.i 'or

śt.ndard 'umiluB

th.Yg6nor.l|y admn onlv on. fL'ńishinq optio. - th.t onvigion.d by iń. archiroc!. sinc. th.paft óhś Órnovem.ń! (.ńdrhusthodosiredsp.ti.I r.l.tio..hipśl ihatdÓtemin.our|iv6.algconGbft|ychanging,rh€selloorpIans"ag.',qU.ckly:1h.varesÓ"pe.'ed"andsp.cia|uot th.y plov€ 10 b. ińaóiib|e'

Th3 {|owingaoo. plan c.n b. JndeBtoodasavariałto'thoorqań.ci|oÓrDlan'ltischaEc.1eriz.d.ot bv. Pańiculal po.itiońÓlth. wa|'s but byth.noFis.ion.Th. tooń3 aró.aElYś.pa.ared rlom thó ciEuhnon.E.ańdrh.Yal6onlysliqtt|ysopa..t.dl'omó.ćh oih6r:they f|Ów inro ó.ćh orno., Ólf.' vb!.l r6l.lence6' inviro th. visitorto mov. óneórd.lh..Pańm6ńslhus app€al mu.h Iarq.r.nd moE open, ńs individua| rcom.|w.vg Eń.in.16laGd1oth€who|6'lnaxamp|o1lhoifontalińr.fu.n6m€ńt!,Iivingroom,dining.ń.'andkitchen b|ónd with th. bed.oom hal|waw ól th. p.l.n!., ańd ćhar6 śraqg.r€d

'n i6.p.d 10 each oń€randtoth. pdh .xi'. Vorilcal entwin.m.nt on ih6

h€.qnt..nd.p.rid.€lat.ÓnŚhipsthal incr....ln. óniry.menlo1pa$ingrh,oughl€xample2l.Thef|owollooń.i.3o!śe ot |iqht|a |iqht sourc.' P'a.ed at 1ho ond otth.g.th, i..pp.oaćhod bytho vi.iloi

Ui|óinq' Ih6 gphG'.v.| rv'.worksmo.owithvi'ua|rclation.hip3th.ńwithimmodiatoo'oximiw.3oth.tth.Indlviduol|oom rcńains l.'ge}y ondiśtuib6d.Th. dlsadvantaeB ol thk conc.pr|Óń,whlch hav. tooo Wth th€ v.rru.l impo$ibi|itY ol96pa.aiing tha ind|vidua| l'om g.n.rdl .v.nrl' aE

'L

lIl

The Significance of Access

n mod.rn m.s r6ad..tiarcoistrudlon sń.Ó$a wo.ld WarIl, a grEtnuńb6rofbuilding cinq forn3haworiginated. ol all1hes6 conc.p$ wni.n hav. actUal|y bó€. boilt and.ub.iscted rÓ rhe póćri.alt'jaIs o'dlUccess'uiIv whón subjeoted to critićaI aE'6*mont lEn 3randpoińt pBv..linq todoy. ltwas on|y |at€ lhlt deliciencies in th8 atłaćtiv.no99 of ov

ajn causE ol w.d.spbód dissatis'adio. wirh lhó p|.ćŃ inwhich l.sidef,t. hodto iivo. |.deed'

'niti.l Śigń3 ol.

'uodam€dorjo€ab.o of,.y in cas€s in wh . ro r.organ.ż6 ó rnlłoambisn.eol ńsidGn|ial construdion:th. dweltinq aEa'th. bujIdlńq'.ndlh6ir suround'

aisń.nr ol ihis inrerabrbnsh.

Econońicasp.ct3 havr unlońUnate|y be8n a|low€d to dictalo Bś.denti3l build.ńqs' wnhin ihe conrext o' ńu|tislory los.do.tial constructioń' th.ś

places. GrE' .róas.s buildincońśide.Bd to b. -p.ivacy gleen" (!o ksepśoĆi.l diś.noe)and arc rhu. m.d. ińaĆćós.i.bl€ 1€-g-, -Kó.p o{ ino orass,,). ln thć int.ńóE ol buildingł

'nto.acrion ar€a3 amÓńg

ap!ńments.l. |ikćwiso genelally reduced ro 1h. ńinimum dwÓ||s af,d coridorc' Floot spa.8 is 1ypi6l|y d6diEt.d to achiov. a maxim!ń of pur.dwe||inq-unil llool spa.ą This al|m€anŚ1hat pub|icand s€mipub|ic space'whićh w€had odqinll|y inno ioil' lor olampla' in t.dit.on.|lY dgv€|op.d !.ban strućtur€! ih€'6

sth.ms6lvóś ańd bdwoen th. buildinqs' h35, in B E.id.ntial l 9h{i3. qh.rlos wilh 1heir monolunct'oń.|.€€35 sv€tclusiv€|y to lh. l!ń.lioń3 ol walking o. d'ivińg'

arlial Usodfora ńu|rIpIicitYololhere'oń bćrn |ost - ónd common areassJĆh.s plaYg.ou.dsoanńd ofl.. a satiśfactoryrep|ac6m..t. su.h areaiattypical|y locat.d t.o la. aon tho individu| ap.ńń.ńB.ńd

'8t ro th.n .6.idćnB. ln addition. d8irab|. n6ighbo.|Ytfi. d€gE. ot ańońYń..y

inhgGnt lo sucn lacjIities is too qreat f Ól dówIopn6nt otstab|o

As exo€ri.nco ha3shown. atenanfs int€rcst in th. imńodi.lo reśdential su.mundińgśwhjch he or sh€ can...di|y p€

nsell- T]r. G3id.ntŚobi|ilv.nd ló.dinesstotak€ pań łń $c..lptiÓn and arc rh.rglón r63vic

sma||.p.3-..dÓfi nodbvrneabi|itvto.€coqńjż6póop|..to |i.t.nand1oca|lto pase.s.

ri6śl i.ó.'alound 2o-'.25 meleB. |td|śranc. hindor5uorcsidontofan apańń.nrbui|dIngh his or h€. śoci.l surbundinqs {o.g.' b6tw&n high{iŚB

bui|din$|' it i3 vely otren the cas. that no 3ocia| contacts wi$ l.uow Bsid.flt. d€v.|ÓPa! a||. Th6 unlońUnaie consequ€n€. olsuch bo|ation in apknown' !l holsina is to eu|y prÓńot. communioation anon

hth8 ńóc$..ry qu.l.ii.s..|y ol uso. it blso app..rŚth.tents' p.oviderb€ mdf.vońb|.ćondlt|on.lo. cl6otion o'.có by apańm.nt'huilding ń.

l.r th. dóśtr6d p ńc.33.. of interaction ou6id6 th. ińd'vld u.l .p.ńn6ńl..Thsd.cisiv.ol.cÓnditionlorth.lunct.o.alefi.ctiwen.l.Ó'acĆ.3.f.c'l|ti..a.ól..|dol

itvof r.3id.ntsto rcadilv.dabour rhes€ faćilitl$: . cir6riÓń to'md6r.d bv tho sćiologisr Jalh. ]960,ś' Th. Śocio.oqEt Nolh6rt schmid|R€lenbs.g sp.3k! ol -op.ńhe" th. apań.ń.n| |Au,ŚchlieBung| in rhis coniext. Hg us6lhi: 16ń to n.an.rlab||.hine cont.ńwilh and l'om tnó.pattm€ń1bv means o1windows and doÓrs. Helu'!ap6..lhi. con'cepi olop.ning bY.onllasrinq itwi1h that ol "c|o.inq" th.3P.frńtńt lAbschlieBu,g)| hÓin.Iudes in hi. ''Ćlosing" concep.ivocvlbm !nw.n1edvi.o.| intusion- Wewould |ik'to u3. tń.' pa.rofconcópB. i'th.sćB.d.lin€d ho'.' j.luńhorconl€xts below.

h€ aFńm€nt i3 rh. 3ui6bi|itv ol acćó$inq 'aci|itios

10i..]'l|jŚ ch.r.d.ti.ric fu most impońan.lo. iho a.oa just!.|dIng oń'ance. oesign ol rhis vicinity. atth.lhrcsho|d

senśiiivemanei on lhoone hałd' jt is a place whićh on.blćidontj.ication .nd s.l(pr.36ńra on. on tho oth€i ł fu a lavo

rrhem. it @presgn1s th€ Poinrlto conqu6.rh€ł slróundings. Bur adlts as ws|l. esFci.Ił|Y enioy Usiłg thk seoce a

"openine uC apadments and 1

ńoJnced - noad ior p.6c..nd quiot. To fi.s oltont, it has p.ovod bonolicia| to p|aco $.r which d.diłquishó. botw€on on|.v.n.d ..d qui.l...dc6sg sid.s ol msidonlial bui|dinq. aB |ómtod aclo$ lbm

sa ch oth s. ( so'ca rlod acco ss c onc.ntra lio. ), rcom 3 r.kriv.lyTh6 oxbrio. sPao ro@i8d. oth.r h3nd' b3 qui3t.n€d

I

r

rtrI

; ddot o|sn ol ' hE rvpo them* ńmont ll€$ lhdn th. l|Ów ót

89b|. nUńbgl d lUńclbm|Źnd @.G|re|4ionshiD.b.'i'l,.* .t'" .-* ..." |ivoo'n' Unl|ko th. pl€vious

eDloJch' lho t dŃdrcn mĘ 6x|śt3 b€'we.n onB pl.c. ónd tho n€llwhóń th. ap.ń.Uń '.xamo|s 1' 2l' how.v.i vi3uoI reforoncH !o lhó oopó.

.i'. "ia" -u o..t"a' t u"..". to thó rcomsis plovid6d bY.n ońra corid.rl.Eńp(6.2

.nd 3l' rh. !ooń9 may have rń6 elfBct ot dbplay c.mp.ńm6nts alonqsid. a vi..to6,Ćnclit'since rhiŚ incEases th.circulation a.ea 1oań !n!sua| gńent' how6v6. ir a|waYlrcńains a luxuly ior sjnqle.fańi|y housos. Eve.y plaćó'.vó.y room can bo r€.ch6d by twolormo.a) path9 iń a'|oorp|.n ol1hbżvpo it tho Iiv.ng joom occupies rho cenl.r l.t.mp|.4l' |ń ex.mpl6 5 tho indlvjdu.l romg ale a|| ar.ng.d so.h!ttne bE.łdhrclgh3 iń in6Ćent.ro'thep!ltitionś.ńab|6''circu|ationinrh.'oundlThisisdone'hÓw6v.iatth.costÓlslacsloJlurniture'andon6c a a.e op€n€dańdć|os.dto

a.sotan.1ojńrhesanilarva.eainb1hecenr.'lóxample6l,o.rh.Śt.irwól|it96ll.on|ieinthećónrero'rheapanmgntlexample7l'H616,rhough'!h..€isthód.ng.rtfiar$oromswil| becońe a1om|żed or iso|ated,as in th. ca3. ollhe ha||wav typą

Th. consranr|Ych.n9ine lami|ysłuarion lsiż6'compositionl and th6 ińc'.aŚińg diff.r.ń.li.tionolhoUsinon.ed3a16coń.adici.dbYth.n..d'orBtionaIizatjonandst.nd.ldi2..tion in ths ń.9s constucrion of hou.ing. Th. favo.ed solutjon sIóU|d b6 cónvóB.ónwithin th. óx.sting

'|oor plan iath6rrfun. movo to anothar 3padń.ntTh. apptooch.s

xl.ńa| w.|b. ńodifiab|e iń.rn6l wal|3 withiń:lix€d out6'9'qń€d to difi .lont apafu .ńlś'lIlth. way10cisngInqrh.

lo.ń .nd si2e ol1h6 .oóńś bv ń..rc o' movab|o wall Ś6dión.. MGt Ed'..l ot a|l isundo!bt€dIvlheideaotrhe,'grÓwińqhÓuŚ6'.(assinq|€.'.ńi|YhÓu.ąóx.mp|.11.inwhichgradJalrtp.nsioncalnodou|byrh6rcsjd.ńtkdŃiqnodtoincr.c6thririd.ntilicationwirhth6'ownhomo'InotamaIs1asinmośtolthÓśoIutions'rhsco.oolihóbuildh9'lbmwhich it b deve|oped hod.onral|v ańd Veńical|y. consis|s ol an j'f.l|atlÓn.nd acc.33co16that5imutańeoclya5suńess&uduEl'unct.ons.Examp|62bań€.r|y.x.mp|.o'alhodżonta||y) modi'iab|. ćńór ónruction ol f|.B: rno indi

ućt.d on . p|.tfo.m with llght w.||9 iŃid. . concrotó s|€l6'bn.Example 3 also useś a cÓluńn śY.cm'.i.ng $o |o.d.b6arińq o!t.r w.|l. and thg

an l!|lil| lh.ir indivjdJa| aoor p|.n dBł€s with sp@i.|hallown$s ot 1h6 built vÓi!ń6 c6.t.3 good |iqhting

conditjons' Ex€mp|€ 4 ]9 a mod.|stluctu.e that pl.c..1h. iń.t.ll.l'on. in a sing|o axisa|ong rh6 9padm€nt p!ńitioB and |eavesih3 Bd UńdÓi.rmin.d'

|obt6ms with l|€xib|.l|oo. p|ans mo1with |ittlo succ.ss.Th6 p.Ób|am o' noise prorediÓn Bńóin6d umolvod' tho cll|.xib|e pow6ra.d l'qhting supplv p.rhŚl a3 w€|lar.jn 3omoc.soąofl|oo. hoarinq svs.1em3'ótc'.Ćould notiustifyth..dv.ntao6oi3l|eljbl.lloorplha1most losidonrs Et.r t.ńd 10 śhy aw.Y fbń rne oxpensÓ ol ćposit|oning . w.|| andple1erpartic'9.brypl.nńin9ińlt.sd'Bdldingsandhousinqtypo.aBstjIloxpóńóńć.dal3omethi'g staiic in which ońó s€lll...nd to which on. adapt.. TÓdaY lldib.ltly i. thugl63łictedroapa.tm6nrsiz.:loom9olnoulEIoharactorćanbóa.giqńódtÓdlli.r.nt.p.ń'm6nc o. sewera| .oańm.ut9 ćan bó cofibined l.Emp|6 5l. Rch.nq€d ro a Iimitod 6xbń by means of movable inse*.AnÓth.r 3td69y.lIow! u*. bbe €xch.ńged wiihin lhg apadmont bY incorpÓratinq n6!tr.| 9p....th.t non6th.|B3dquno a cen.in.ia.nd propońiÓń andth.tmBtbo cap.b|. of

'nd.p.ndont accoss

{€'.mpl6 6l. Apańm.fu iń niń.G6fth.c.nturY buiIdings ofion ofe.tho modÓ.n BJd.nta gr.'br d6q.eo ol ll.xibi|ity rh.n m.nv clevo.lYthough!.out ńodom f|oo. p|anś.

A i--l

''ń,A. y. tr.-=ffi Y, &ń

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:rlB&' rr'1

d-flttqa- l.

Ein sol.hsr GrundriB th€ńatbigń dsn w6g dwoh di6 wÓhńunq (wanigór d.s F||.B€n d6sB.umoŚ)' ór 3chaffi mó9fiofut vi6l6 funktional€ und..lmlioho seui.hung€ń Źw|lchsnd.n vscÓhi.d.non .ńń.'n. dio . 6bt $d gglabt wóró.n kónn€ń.AndoB a|. in d.n voFn€nqon Końz.prcn b€.bnt oio Vańinounq

'mmsr nut zwischen €'n6ń od Uńd óF€m

ńsĆŃ.n'w.nn di6 Wóhnu.q uF em AdNn qeIsqr H IBoIlpieIe l'2|,onBt.h€n iódochB|iclthezi€hlng6n zu. g.g.nube'li.g.ndon seib' w6nn óin eig€ń6r Ganq di. f'mme.ó€ch|ioBi (B.i;pio| 2 und 3)kónnen di.zimmel wi. A!śst.||unqskabinotte 6npllnd6nw.den, di; mi von €in.m Wand.lgang be$haut. D€ abor dab€i di. vo.k.hl.l|lchouńverh.tbiśm5cig a.w.chsi bl.ibt * 6in Luxus lor Eiń'.milionheu9.iJoderod'j.dćszimmei kańnin oinoń solch.n GrundńB.u' zw€i {mańchń.I soqar m6hr) wogrń.mi.htweld6n.w.nn dor woh.'aum dIÓ Min€ ei'nińńt (B.ispi.l4)- lń B€fupie|5 nónmon di€

eińż.h.n zimm.rdió vg.k.hls'|.ćh. aut Di. fimmóf sind so.ng6ordnet'd.Bdi. ou..h'b.nch. in dorM|tt6 d.rWandl|.ch.n d€n "Ruńdq.ng'' e.Eóg|lch.n.Daś q$chi.hlaulKosbn d.rstellttó.hąund man kannannehm€n'd.&d..s6ofi nuńqón in deń M.&. geóftnet Und o6.h|Gs€n w.'den,wi6 $ die Fańili.n.itu.tion zU jed.ń Moment €rlorder!Der f,unaq.ng kann auch dóń s.óitóńa.eich zum Mittelpunkt macheń lBoilpie| 6),

oderdaśTrapoońhau.sólbstkańnimz6ntrumd.rwohnunqIiegoń1B6ispie|7]'Do.hh|elbeśteht di. Ge'ahr, daB sich d|. zlńm.rver6inż6lń wi. in einem fluńyp.

oie sich 3t.adiq !ńd.rnde Fańi|i.nsifudion {G.óBą zu6.ńmensoElnql Und di.fu'oeń.a Difl.;n.'6rung o.l wohnogoiirtńE.€ wtdeBlncht dcr lotw.ndiqkri' !u'RarónaB'.runo uńd fypisieruńq 'ń

Me5eńwo.nungsbau' sUmbsu innó.h.|bd6||exib|.nGfundissesd'. Losu.qse'n.D|. Konuptóńćhen von drtv".ł"a"'"".r"n a.. fus".*and., vo6b||b.ren Rdtrml.'|€ń innerhalb f65Gl AuBón.wand.' ub.. R.Um..dio {eB chl.qon wordon kónn.n bi9

fU.Fo|ń. und GlóG.nv.Eńd.rung oer R.umo dulch b.w€gń.ń i.tsichor d|. |d6. dB -w..hggnd6. H.uso9, la|6 Ein'.mili€nh.!3' Bći3pi.l1)' beideń d.r al|Bilhl|cbą g'q6nhendig6 Alsb.u di. |doniifiziarung mir d6m oĘ.ńón H.usst.tk6n 3ol|lo- |ń B.kpie|r,wi. iń don m6iEr.n Lósunqen' b6.t6hl dÓr Kstn d.9 Hau€os,

voń dom aĘ 6! sich horibń..| und vsnik.| 6!t'ah.n wnd.aus einsń |rc1a||atiorc. und

El.ch|i6Bun!.k.rn' d.r gl6jcnzgitig 6t.tischo Funtrion libonjńńi Beisp..l 2 ist ein

lńihes Exeńi'.lf ijrein61hońzonta|'v.r.ndeóarcAuG.nholl€ im Gó.choBwÓhnungsbal:ln einań B.tonskobnlau ka.n a d6rj.woiIiqon PlatdÓrm mit Isiohbn Wó.d.ń dł individue||6crund.iBoinq.b.utwo.d€n.B.bp.ol3'auoh.instotz6n5ysr.ń.fixielrdi.!Eggn.den AuB6nwóndo Uńd di. |n.iall.tio8bo..iche' j.do.h kónnon sich dio a.wohn.f mil9p6zió||.ń'd.moń3b|.n Innenwańd6n ihB pe6óńl'ćh6n GrundriBwonsoho € 0||.n.Dieg;jng. n€fo des Balkór9oE.ch.ff. glto |.ichN6.hd|bi35o' Boispjó| 4 ist €in Mod.||bau';sr di. ln.talla.lon.n an dg. woltnungstl€nńwńnd.n in óine AĆh.6 |ggt und dón Best

oi. !ó3ung dór wohnungsprb|.m. du.ch llóxibl. Grund.issa h.tt. w.nig Edo|g.DasPób|.m d.s sctla|llchutfB konnb kauF behob6n w..don'dić K6t.n fiil abg.h.ngtoDrck.n i'Bi. strń'und Uchtt0hfungl,lnr qeq6b.ń.af.lls FuBbod.ńhóizung 6tc. konn.t.n dl. vo.t.i|6 eh6.l|.xib|on GfundńBgeśtah!ńg ńi.ht rochtlsńlq.n, Dio PaxE z.igtdaB di. ńóbton Bówohn€r spet.r d6n Aufw.nd des umśótf€nś ai.or wańd s.h.Jón uńdsicn 6h6r .in. panLip.bń*ho P|ańung wuBchon' B.ut.n und wohnlom€n w€]d€ńnoch ińń.r.l3 otwó. st.tilchs. ompfuńd.n.in d.n man śich oin ćhbt und doo ń3nsich unt6ro.dnet. so bBchl.nkt 5ióh h6ut. F|exibi|itit aut di. wohnun$g!óBg: zińń.rn6Ut.|.n charatllć.g (b.i spilInortYp.n m.ist goqenob.. vom TEppgnhalsl kóńń.nv.lŚćhi.d6n6n Wotńung.. fugesch|.q.n wó.don' ode' ń.n |ogt mehl.l. Wohnung.ńzusańmón(aoispt6|5|fl.umq.ó&9JńdJormonkónncnmit1.|.bow8gllch.rEilbaJbnińaińg$chr.lnktsń MaG. v.ń.d.ńw.rd.n. Ein ando6ś |rrnz.pt Ie& oin.n Auśiausćh d.lNń:zung.n innorhalb d6. wohnung z!: durćł dl€ G€śtali!ńo noutralór fiJume' dlo.b.r€ino' g.wi...n GńBo lnd Pbporuon b6d0ń.n und di. unabhśngig a.9chIos*. śeińmó*€n (B.i.pi.l 5L Artblurchnu.gof,' dl€ h.ui. vón ihnn róprd&datlv.n Fu.rdjon.ńańb!ńd.n.ind,bi.tónd.m mod€m6ń B.wohno. olt eiń hóhaEs M.Ban F|oribilttll.l3iod.r ńoch 30 ausq.t{tft.|t. modomo GrundliB.

śE.doo'nt' 'h€ taditiona' Iol

o€ńeiols nteriÓrblock areas has plovod 1o b. ań ax€ńp|ary;.b,nd""iq4..d has to. ihi. '"

_ń"i'ł?l!f.T]'i!i$'rŃ'.lfi E

hous.s inwhi.h1hoaPańmónt .orbinl€rior' c|os.d cori.do.s. |n Go.cotrka1€d |Ówłisć ń. otton l'nd3 rc5id6ńtia|dw.||inqswith a hlqhd.gl.€ o'isolatlon'A3ó|ienteEmpl. i.'carpetbuiIding- I. cońbi

oud dw.||.ngs'' H€r€ ońó lr.qhiĆh hav6'ewwindow. o' ńono.l al|.

sUGh t€sidontial ds€||inqi with a hiqh d.gre Ól s€clusioń, n.ruEl|yappeaItorh. intro'veńrd kińd ol63id6ńt.This kind ol Esidcnts p.ima.ilv Ćon

'egórved coupl€3wńhour childien' and r.tiled men andwoń.n'

.qJ6ńtly as they 6.t!.l|Y exisbuj|dings in wh.ch !h€ apadmeńt.a.. t'ed in ro op6ń śt6iM.||s and coridoE and whelerh€ |'ndinqs a.o provided with dnough 9pa.3' |Ighr and6ncount€rs and s.llpresenratlÓn a.!r.c!ive iFiq.s'. op.n$s.s always prÓvid.d w.thsing|e..omilv dw€Illn$ in which rhs hólso opens rÓw.ld th. ś.oet. w3 may *l.lyassum€ hóro that llvinq in "op6.ed" dw6l|in$ isiho nod6 ofl|v.ng whjch most saliglńc.tolily codespondś ro th. n6śds ol a .norń!l" r.sid€nt aśp.ć.al|Ytho96 who are closó|YboJńd to th€ir |iv.ng al.a bv their dep.ńdóncy lrol 8eńpl. .hildt..), bythei. actlvit|.3{say, housewiv€s)' or by th.jr phvsjB| c.ndition 1sJch a3ó|d p.'.on3)'Th. ńsjd.ntjal

'órń ńpBsonied bv th6 3ing|o.lami|y hÓu36 o{i.r. tho mo*

'avoEb|.condi1.ons lord.v€|Ópmont ol th. n.6& oJ tnis qBup o' Bgid.ntg:! la.t which wnholtdolbt docis iv.lY contibulos to 1h. fińding thatihs sing|..f.ńily dw.||inq, in what.v.rvań.tion. is rh. ńo.i oo'ula. lorm o' ń3ido.tial dw.l|ińq. sudóy3 h6ve rcpóatód|Y

queslion8d n.m. tno on€'lam

@lTh. dóv€|opm.nt ańd tia| ot ń.w folms ol acca33 iń ń!|ti.sbeqrnon a sm.rl s.aloa.orndth..a.ly 197o's Th. iritilta.q isv€Fńot. vóh€mo.tlv voic€d d.ń.nd3 lor qualh.tiv. €nh..cstuclion - att€r afuoluto prio.itY h.d so long be.ń ql.ńi.d to pbvidinq nerely a 3!l.lici.ot quańn{Y o' dwó|lings. wThepleńtifu|3lpplv olvision'ry Ulban.d..ign svst.ms |.ft ov.r on p.p€rfromrhe]96()''

id.6llstic p|ans exl€nsively n€ s and w€B Unl6$ibló 'orb€i.g ec.nomić.lp.cB' wo a

rno lew prctorypBrca|iz€dwhich lć.tu.sd sYd6m9 with 6łgnsiv.|yop€n.a..ó$.part'ńents. ''1'!lo Habitat", stagÓd in speciacJ|a.{aŚhion by Moshoorthe 1967Wo d'sFatr{3.Ópaqo1a6l,didnotplovid.theho

'esidentialconś.Uctjon.iho..initialefiodswhichplovid€daqo.uin6imp.rBlo.'uturgdosl' Apprc3.h.3 wódhy olins - haw b..n pramahlv

based on lwo dnóćióń3 ot d.volopment rhŃ. fol|owinq tho principl.ś Ól th66xtohal.dccBs gd|z|y /k!be"gang), add o' ih. n3iśon6tt. .p.rtm.nt.

l-access salr.'i.. haue enlov.dical fo.ń3 of B.id€nri.|const.lction.lń 6.rmany. thi.1Yp6 wa.lor ń.ny y.ań uii|izgdp mar.lyfo.ap.ńm.ntbJi|dingswirh sń.|l dwo||inq Unjb.This ph€noń6ńon h.d.hie'.lyeconomic srolndsi ths Btio 36... Jp... i.delinitalvmoro

'avorabIo lor sEa]t apańn€nt. with oxremal.accE$ g.I|.ń$. |n .ddi{ion. smB|l

apaitment3 - und€r conditions o{ rh. 69tl..red oris.tarion ot thó apadm.nl in suchan exredoraocess blo.k stirl allow satElactory lloo.p

.ńd|ńq th. apaltmon| ove.

l tho tact tha! rh€ p'ovi3io. olw.| kw.ts o' ,,'oo{ stB.tś"

' in m u lti 'slo ry bU i|dings i. .soci.t6d w.lfi .o. sidoEbl. t. ch.

itn cÓfrcsponding|y hloh.r coconjlnclion Witnth.rna| and sound insul.rioń, and moislulo p

gińńinqs ba.l io d€v.loPm.ntleŚid.ńtia| cónnruDrion. |n Engli3h m!|tiito.Y ap.ńń.ht h

.tionsasearlvasrh. 1950 s lstucruE| pr.rcjpI.' |t i. po.Śib|o on tho |ow*r I€w| ol ń!aPaftm.ńtbuildlng!toprovido.qloa1shaBoJm.iŚonótt..p.nn.ń.withgJoundJov.l

multirooń .p.tm.nB wilh oli..ialion to iwo opposit.3id* wthqoodv.nti|alion and €'pGuróto th.3un (.ig.3!'

r oi.€śid.ńti.| pbj6d3 havo bol .n op€n qall.ry conbin€d w sr s€v.ral 3ró €. lFi0'6a.d 7l' |t hń. oft.n prÓv€d

'..i.l.dory to limir lh.building h

nab16! g.ń|ng bY with ónlY. Thbac.osscan b. Providsd i

ho!3.3l,anda p..kins p.rc. ca

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'*;.d..|Y o*I.q b ń. $pryp.3.tuation.{hon€'o'

etc.l. |n such boi|dings, re|arion.shipsdevólop amo.q ther*deńis ol each 3tory, with ih€k commoń|v G.d só.ilary loom3. day.ooms. ónd tho

t in hosrel-1Yp6 buildanqs. acc

ao6łń.nl llool pIans and nalu

nd€.thr 3.p.E!ińg acco.s aximol. stólisś otl€l the po$ibility ol €}t.ńdjnq.n apańnentto fuo sides olrhe bui|ding.

ńany Va.iatjons' ln addition' t space {Fig.25'. The mu|ti.ntth8 buirdins-physi.s prcblen olalto.nalins rooh uii-

Iiza!ion 1€.g.'a livinq roomovera b6droońl' lń ordetto.edUc€rhgdis.urbancoinhe'e.iin. av.ilabl. which t6al!i. alrer

lizarion. This ensur.. that id.rlJorih6 3ańe pUrpos. IFig'26'.

split-|.v.l u.its offć. va'iatioń

śory (orbYspljttinq in a Btio ol 1/3 to 2/3l, a mo.e salis.

'ado.y aflangem6łt o' |iving .r.a. i3 p€sib|e 1han wirh full dorY separation Ól |evols

invo|cinq maison6tt6 apadm6ńt3. ihB advantaqo is possib|e wiinń . ć|o3.. sp.tial inien8larion ship ih.ou q hout. ln adual

lo tour; lho uFp€. |imit o'W.d6ly a.c|aim€d prctoryp. ołthis lorm or anceŚ is iho

apadm€nt buj|dińg bY Bb.k &nle|bau €łńlb{|on'ń l957 lFig,27''

All lyp.3 ol hońfońt|.ćc.$ of'oi tho advanraqeolv6rY6l'i.i.nrstanw.vańdÓ|.vatori.ćil.tió3'Th€irmai.benelil,how.ve.'cexlBnsiv.ly ińt.rćÓnn€ctine.p.ńn.nts in ń!|ii'sro.y bui|dinq

o.o u9ó is ind6ed beinq nade oi

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ol bolh ho żont.l ónd wń..al accoss units. |! therelo€ acbo'h dłoctjón3 of li.fl.c ańo goups. Hero as we||, 1hoaccess axos c.n b6 |o.atod in ihó intó.o' ol ai rh€ p€liph€ty ollhe bui|dine.ln addilion,ńany and v.lióuś cońliqu'.tlo.Ś and combinario.s ol apańmonrs can bo do.ivcd

'rcmtnis app@ch. Ateńt.on i9 Ća||.d fuó Ón|y1o a smal| nunborollh.rxompl6. pb..ntódildińg d.siqnód bv s1ovon HoIl i. .{kuolG in 1991;andthd

|iP|ein mw dwel|ings in Ańsc63es' th€ Unconv. ionaltYp€ p€ns.v.asitwas.Śignili.c6ńr|Y enhanc€d tho qlality of

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'ino should bó

m.inl.in.d,m.rkodhy3.t-ha.ks.brok nupbystasg.rodvolumor,o. splń in two by a dividi.o qap' Ih. €a0s/9o5 us.d rh6 cnancaofi.Ed byas|óbbujlding in.id.thg blocł ro di.c@.. ngw commu.nioadv. io. ar'o róm.l' quó|iti.s ot ac...5' Ót lńbrń.dlab ś9.ć..bo1w.6. in.idó .nd óulsidó {|619ó n.nw6l| .ńban..!. |.ndinggwallwaY!' od' oft6n b6ńlńd qlas

'acadB)..lh. bli|dinq in rh.

b|ocł o56.nt|a|lv h.Ś fuo ori.rtatlon oo{rń!: 10 .hÓ 3tro6t Ór fi.courtyad. od6ńt.tlo. and oois. load. may cońsadd @ćh Óth6ioth6. cońpd.. poińr. cań bo add6d bY st.qg.nńq, bóndhg, r'br@|dńq th.voluh6s'G.ound'looB'duo to iho jńoviiabl. lac'. Óf

3toń. (Er6|y public insńutioń3, ćÓńńuńal faci|itl* ar. móśdvUńr6ó||nlc}; iń .ońóńodód on th. .ou.tyard ś.d. with privat. gard.ng and Śom.iiń.9algo a.c.3.ód f'oń th€E.lt. oourtyard ..ry6 a3 a śóńi.pubncgroonspocą p.ivate g.eon by means ol balooniE' |oq{ias' wi.tgrgard.ns' somotimo. boftop t6rEc$. l'h€ sooia| mixtu.. EquiBdbY tho u'ban 3itlatlo. ca. bo achiov.dwth ńis building, whioha||owslora|l linds ol aDańmont l|oo. olans.

srrl6..Bnd im sradtb|ockb6inh.|td.in.n B.bauun9Śabchnitt'd.roinos.it.oin.l Block$.ch|l.Btund nichinu.6.ń.L0ck6 a!9.

'0|f! Dor Entwud kt aho ft.i uf,d unlr.i z!ql6iń,!ńEi |n b.2uq €!l

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nally cbŃod' Tńo |iving of.a ha||wavstading attho entry anfuo bed'ooms ori.ncd tÓ tho coul1ya.d,a.d inbBeots1h€ b.drcom a.ea coridor'whioh a|so p.ovidosa.cess1o th6 kirch.n' bath,3nd lÓil€r. Tho |iving room opon3 &ward th. kitch.n and10 tbo wintorca.don. which ilshańd by1h€ lwo.oom3.2. Tno kilchon i3ue contef ol$o 8parhonr (ofton a|so th. sntyl and lEs ar |€asrtwo etiis t $ó h8llway. ol th r.xańpl€'typó D' iow.r |6ve|: kttć|ivi'g room,b.dloom, bath. or 1ypo ą low€. |evol: kiichon and |ivin{.oom; U9p6r |eeI:1hie6 bod@oms' bath.3.spaco is dividod bv rho insco.ns. a.ound a cłculalion .oB. Dl.gónal p.ńitiÓń w.ll. Pl.n..'. .imply org.niż.d .tolnd ttt€ in$lbd kibh.nahd utilitv co..3' Typ. E: kitchgn divid.! b.drooń ańd |lv.ńg rooń.Tho ]ayout i3 composgd ol fuo baa ol diń.rcnt |€ngrh wirh 6nd buildInqg 1ow.ld th. clo.i€nbd nodhwBt/.oJlh8a3tl i.

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Jod6 wohn€jnhat nimlń oiń c;*.B';;;' ;i"-E;;i':"g'um s.ńw.iz.ńsh.n fou.ruohmul.lm 'm

Ho'P€ż6||.9bhr.iń ołl.n€' F|uch.t.pp";ń'';;"-;;;]:;.::l9 .ńo|0! di.ld durch don AUshddUrcńd€nNaB]o||.nD|ock.G."i:,;;;;i;. ;;;:....no

LoogDlunktion Ubom'nmL oi. wohnuńo.nhhl.l€'m.JdktMdigEĘ|o"'...";;:.".";;;i#:li:::ŁŁfx."ł:łil:lJ;i:flŁH.;ilj:TilxnB6n l€l Uńo.n.n z.ntt|.n L|ch$ot grupp|oń' do' .d'"Dl I". |;" i''';;! ;;':].um nidó.lllch.ń NachbsĘfund.toćt ollnal und;'* N..;;;c ;i|., ń;;;-.i:;;;i;ff;i:.l#ińL"'T:[:.ł.l"1f;.T:ł.Y:l!lŁT::s.::::l}."'i""]::l:

t--L

ł:

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I '"'-l€...:

a

1"r ,:;,Ji;i:","..^,,.

- 3joom mais. approx.73lao m:

I .;*-,*^ *'.. '3-'

|.1a '€w

m.łesdó6p' llon-s's& alndst oniiEty ot

rara.chod vi. a sinql.

nory. This j.rcach€dvia

ldso'rhe low. stańinq

r. fivinq room3 and łirch.

..rey a.e taidout alonslho

let c sUrp.isińg v.fulion

iea'he m mhdrhoBerr-

3.rÓń maisomto 1:20o

a.*vp[tan B..ndwand

B.uishr-l

Finanżiórong[l!Óf]a]e.Wohnun9sbaU

G.beud€iiof.Ił73m

Eśchli.BUnqtrlLauDenqanqo&r

indiv]duellÓrfU9anq

WohnunqśżahlI|

Wohn!tg5gtóB.nIl2 ziWhq,ca.65mrll wE);

3 Zi Mais,ca.73lAO m'1r3 wE)j

a-ziMań.' m'93 m] 13 wEl

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.,..7,7.'.,'-.'/.'..'-;7.7'..'ż..)7-'-,/'7..-//,,-7,'..,'-'-..z

P*k.nLtm st6B€n.aUm

F|eill6ćh.nf,l

c'ró st'ch.umont

tiet. Bauliicl{. wird eine

'0ńl98chossiq. f €i|6. wie

a!s*hlie'3lich ńit Maison.nóttóng.fu r. zum €in€n T€il

3ind śi.von dó!srr.e.nbe|

M.ń 8n.ichtihn ob€rżwei

entw..k.|ń sich einig. M.i.

naoh unt.ń. zur €6chIi6B!ngon.nri.r6n sich di. wohn,

sch|.f rłumo l.og.ń d.riibor

s.o ub.r€inIaulig. Tr6ppen-oi6!6sind' wi.aUćh die

and...n Nób.nr.uń3 {ncbound B.d. ent|.ng dól Bland.

nung3ryp.n ab.raschon mit.|ń.. Viol'óhiok.it' dia oin.nllt i I

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FojÓYe€s' HLM "Toi elJo'e'

ir*."*.'^'r;

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Tho dŃ€n otńk innl|dmtJdion wa. inspł.d by jc d6nb|ock intoiwo vdum6l3'5 m/75 m) borh otwhi.h stsnd lalltowad lh€ stsotand sho{ if,tbe back' ]l s wav

€el can p.n.tsl. wilhin:.oadnonE c.n oienr lhen3.|vs" .... .t'* '*"rosothoiThooDsn

''i';.. ó.d...b""r.g.

': 'n I ho oa9.ńsn.' Tho n ..... .'.h ..'..'i

sag.ińtoths b|oćlc,inr.iio'' Óńdl"q I.'sm.l|*' ;'l"qad.łmt, śekod mb.wo srmŃ ót th. gou.d |ov.l a6 mdd.st.tud|..

"nd 2-roń

'.it= up t" th"ńhlh l'"..on. olrh.1wo bui|dlnq ha|v.. juńp. bacł a|ono th.3iro,3.dg.'1h.r6by pórmirnng l.gal|y wina.-.irrat vla-ł6.g".od cdb

' lh" ]l".

h..p3ńh.nrs g.n.'.llY opon onro a coridorrha1|€adś to a b.dóom a.d bathioon.9'd€: and |iving room, kilcnón.ńd tÓil61to th.orho.sid..

Wtiad bi

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s.*vpEIltLqrund9t ckśligfem Einschnłt'

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B""i"h.-lll

studiÓs.35 m2113WE);2 zi-whsn,55/54/62 m'Żlll WE);

3 zi whs, 60 m: lr wE);a-zi-whq,77m2ll wE)

31 untenrdbcho Pb*pliirre

Fr"*,--"s-!tlAnge*elLl€ H LM "Ton

eI Jo e,

cćb5uddI.|€Il|l'I5/75'n

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ur der Uńo.bunq iBp.ri.ń. di..on Eńfuur' l0r oino Bau|iicm€hl ó'l.ói a|s scń|i.6t. Ein sch|itz r€j|t don B|oGk iń żw6i Gobaud€siEi'.t (3,5/7'5m), di€s.gind fur straB.hoch, hinron f,iedi'q' Di. sonn6 und da.lob.n d.r str.Bo kóuon 30 in d.n ti.lon Blek €ińdringo.; di. woh.nJńg.n habgn dis Móelichkeit' sićh noch ń.fu alg a.i soilon.u ori..ti.r.n' zwisch€n d.n Golaud.hii|ttón

"pa;'rs.ch.i". q.Bzugłgo T.oppsn.n|.g6aU{' '116b6.doT.il€v.rblndd.

|hl. ofton6 TBPp. ńit ([email protected] hó|żór

lorq.s.hoG |ióot di6 Ti€lgaEq{ |n doł gBt.n Źw.. G6chB6.ń b.llnd.n 3ich g.óB.ń wohl€n Eb.o'n'zwi.chonlhn6n liihdgingPss!5o. iń. [email protected].' dl. .ń.inom kloin.n umń.!An d€l stó|...ra!s|n sich.ń EG żw.i Led.n' d.'iib.r klaiń. sl!di.. und 2.zińńs|wohnung9n h@h b..in dsn7 srock. Elń.. do' cohi|ld.łrei'gn sp..net von dor 3€it!lcń.n G|undń0ck'!r.n2. zufncklrccht|lchl F€nsloi zuń n5chśtsn Hol' A|l. wóhnong.n .ind |n ihr.' Dilpoóitlon und GriiA.schń.l.on' di. so in ihlom Alb€itŚq.biot wohn€n kónnon. o€r Wohnunq*ińqang l hn s'!ńFlUr' vÓn dofi

'um €.n.ń sch|a Wohn.a!ń' Kllcho und wc abg.h.n.

a-lrrrrtlrIaItILIiIII!ItIIIbIttttIt--

.

E@EE!E-con6r buildinss a.o jusi as conblock j.rlill and str@|side developments; jfl th|s cas8 th€ clośólyp|scEd wing3 a|so plos€nt p.oblems invo|vińg |iqhrińq, ÓuMaldvi.w4.nd inwa.d vieG and a.. extćmelyd.p6ńdentÓń on.nta.iloń {po*ibl. so|utions wirn o.ieI windows|-spećial probIeń:

'ińprcr.dion. ln addilion' howeve., co.ne. buildingŚ 3|śo ocćupy aspeci.| uńan.pl.nninq posńion on which qleat lo.mal expećr..tiofu ar. olacod: thov ńa.krh6 ond ol1h. sta.t and a|. viaw€dftoń lour gidŃ' Tho symngtpoś6ibl. solutions. 1.Ths stanwśt..t or courtyard ś'd€.' eith.r c|os€d or op.n lwńhthóugh p.3.3ag6 of thocouĄaldl'2.Arcess v'afu Óst.iMay.:6a.hw.ń9 hasń. own danwav.3.A |aĘe apaJtmenr lsomdlńes s€veńl ap.n.ń.nB wiih be|t windÓwsl js wrapp.d arcUńd th6 corń€r 4' Thćfloorplan develops two pe.fectly syńm€trical .p.dhentŚ Ón 1hóbó.i8 ota diagonal- 5.Tha c]osed corner is dissolved iń a ĆÓńpl.xlom and rolinquish6sdesig. in f avorof |ivinq quaIity' 6.Ań ext.n.sorution: rhe corne' bu'ldluq ił..t.d as an independent module.

@E.khlu!.' sind von d.n Vo.g8b.n dŃ B|ocl€ gl..chórmaBeno.pt.qt wi. Bauli|o|G und stlaB€nrond'sió habo. fudom beiden€ng .n.in.ndo. stoh€ndon F|iiqó|n dió P.ob|om. von asIch1ung'Au$..hl und Einb|ickżu 1ó9on und sindoxlEm abh..qiqvondero .ntiorunq llósungsmdglichkgiten durch Erkgńensterl.sond.Fprebl.m: Fl.mBoniibe.śch|aqlAnq6. E.lń.ius.. b.l.qon ei.o b6"sond.ro st.dteb.uich o P6itio n

' v o. d ol g.stó|t. sh or Anspruch

o.wartót wird: si. ma.kie.e! don stra&onaboh|uB und w6.denvon vio. soitÓń qes.ho.. Es sch6|en sich oiniq. g.und.łżlichóMóg|iohkcibn im Unganq mit der Eck.vmm.tri€ h.Bu.' ]' D!9Tro.o.nh9!9 wnd 2uń schańióĘ 6ńfuód.r.ir6Bóń. od.r ho's.i.lig, entwod.r q6sch|ośs6ń ode. df'6n {ńit DuŃhq.nq Źuń rłorl;2. ĘFchlioBung durch zweiTtpp8n';€dł F|oqd hd s€ń3 €Ęón€Troppol 3. ajń6 {ńanchna| ń.hrar6wohnungon m|t Famt..bóndorn I wjrd Um di. Ecko qo.oq€n;4'derG6$hocqrundriB 6nfu icŁ.lt'omaI rw8i spióg.lgl.ich. wóhnun.gon anhand.inór Diaqo..|ói 5.dló g.$hlol!.ń. Eok€ iśt.Ul d€rGrund.iBobono komplizien aufge|óst und qibt jodon sllidt.baJ.|iohónAŃpruch

'uqunsto. d6. WohnqualiBt ao';6' oino €xf6ma

l.ósung ist d|ó Trguunq dos EclÓous.s vomB.h.ndluno ols € igon 3t6 ndiqo r st.dlbao.l. in.

E-

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Ńo|nalgeschalś gro n|Jria 1 : 2oa

BaowpIEckhaus ń l DUrchgang

NNOTWNW und SSO/OSO

Ba0tahrL

Finan2iaruńg!l

Gobiudetió'.-

ErschlieBuńe-

wohnuig*6h'I

wohnUng3gróB6nf,

i Płkoi!l

Frc 'ech€ń-

Wollg.ng Mł||€i

Ah-Mo.bit/Erb6d.td.. st.aBe

Eiń Eckhaus mh unqle'.hjang€n f'óq.lń' das die

Ecke du.ch sin.n Glasvorhang jn d€t FaŚsade u.d

durcheinenbBhonDBchqanq żum B|ockin'nen.aum 3ich.ba. macht

l0b.! St!fen, die e6thooh und dann nach

Unig..n d.ń Hol l(ih.on)'Dio €cksvmmatiew'd

w'nkolton Ań.ćh|UB de.F'łq.l uńd di€ da.an

anschlioBo.d.ń E'k€r oielochen habón Bandfe'.

stot. di. !m di€ Ęck€fijhlen und d6n Blicł inbeido stra&6n ermóg.

]ićh€n- sYmmóti8 bei d..EEchrie13ung wie bei defWohnungŚorganisarion:

der SIEG. bis zum HoJdu..h lca.a ń Ra0mljoló

p|U' Balkonl Und k€Indurch schiób.w.nd€

F-."."..I

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iH**i""l '1!r. tJ.shapÓd h..ds rłl \whqśłd thbuqh the

lHT.Lli*'*h'f {th al|ow. v'.w ińtol nlh i€ds svńndry

J jjl"ł'nrjxr;:l

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wóhnuńg.gńBen-] ]/2-fi.Whqn' Ę'a5 m,1] WE)j

2-Z.Whsn,60,23 m': (5 WE)i3 Zi whsn + EBDlatz,

73'95 a2'94 ń: l60WEl;4 fiWhqń + EBp]a(!'

9a,66 m'15 WE)

P5.kan-SvaBenraum

F..aflechsn-Loggi.. Plarrq.'ln

Erńsr Giso|' znr.ch

86rlin"Kralżł'6.q.Hasonhóid.

Eckhau als Kopl ńit rurmón.ul be.d.n s.it6n.

d..s.. svmmeińaduEh di6 Fons@ńolń.n

Und d.o óinseitiq vorg..

bołuRt ges{óń wnd.0.r Koplbau ltut eichvon de. schÓd.nśtg|'

luns der Fliiq6l, dis4 ve.schiedćfl.n woh'

(im ca.4sŁWinkol|orua.isiod, dN zw.m-

od.r boitimńt donZu&hnitt de. Dl6l.:

NUtŹ!ńg d.r vorschi.dg'ńóń Richtunqen.ugon.sbn d.r Wohnqualirat.

' 0islo eEchlis6r rnkl6ińór.n wohn.ng6nwohn6n/Esson/Koch.und €[6rn/xind3r/s6d;n gbtsgn WÓhnlngen

grbt os s'non q6ono6r10. Schlafirakt, d.r durch

I fumd |oggiaŚ p'oi..t'EĘ on on6lid€. Tho

fu t bay posnioń olĘ ĘĘ1 lhe 4 difi8rent

q.ĘF4..||Y latan anqle

EĘEYÓrśraighr.nd

Ę *oB o' th. |obbiosi

|Ul-q'Ę|itv'Apadm€ńt

ĘfuE' Lobby prÓvid.d

-. ro livansr&t,ns/

Ę!and par.n$/ chat

leĘĘĆtrhalĆanbs

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!,33/5973 ń: l3 unitsl:

Floor plan 2nd slorY l:2oo

BaułP-BIock.and' 7.!eschÓsŚg'

o/ws

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Finan2i.runq-sozra ef wohnunqsbau

Gebżud€ri€l.-7/3 ń

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wÓhnU.g*aH-

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9],49/91'53 ń: (]3wEl;2-Zi Wfrgn,

44,33/5!J3 mr 13 wE)I ziwhq (Dachi,3a,73 mr 1r WE)

Peken-Gdraqa m LrG

Śmphai9 ol entry sjiua'

Yad. commun.| tooń. on

valious housińg tYpes and

j|oor al. o4.ńized around

which.Eo $.umoB. dis-

lhe steer to rhe couń.oircct access to lhe bath

2 bom apańń. makes

sleepinq roÓń' and kit.ch.ń' Thć 4.ńoń ap.ń.

and |iving alr8 bv ńean.

m6nB) have ]argó ]oqg|.s

fćir|łch€n-

Anron schweiqhotoi

gan93 uuń Hof {ńitG.meiń.choftsr.um€ń|.AngBbotve.sĆhiedeń.r

Wohnungstypgn Uńd.g.óB6n' VońUls€tzUn-gen d$ Entw! s: €'n'

stap6lb..koit g |..oha ńi'g.lTYpón' J6 zwei4.z-

wohnńgen plo Geschotsorg.ńisie.€n sich uń

.ingn gloBen żónta|.nWohń€um' dor zg0|g|.hv.{€ilerfun|dioń uber

nimmt und.i. Durchwoh_ń.n von de. st.Gó zurhóhoĘeló9t6tr HoEen.en.uh| Nicht q€lbsi isl

dabBi do. di'6kr€ zuqanqzUń Bad- oio 2.zi'woh.

Wohn.a!m, Schl.ltaumuńd K0ch6.in6 Einhet

Die 4'zj wohnung an d€rst.BotBnnt Wohn- Unó

schl..boreEh dUlą

]n all.ń wohnunq.n: &o

l-zi-Whsnl m! sroBenLoqsionr!rStade

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Two ndividuat buitdinqs

Śymńefu.ó| schoń6' The

delin.d st.ilwol| p|.śćdon rh. big.ć!|nq lin.:lhe

alain synme Ćally. Thó

msnrs' exren& foń ib.ste410th€colltyłd'in

nEe1' Borh fving roońsaE deveIoped Śynm€rri.

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wisn, x. s.,irk,schr.nk nh.rssoss./

zwei Einz.Ih'B& śindab|esboi 0i. Gruńd Śse

oin6r spi.g.lsymmet.i-schóń ordnun9. |ń&n

st.ht .an in dre wr.kel-

pEnh.uś'.ń di€s€s sind'wi€drfuń qespieg€lt,

Das winzig. Enł.6{ohddjrokt in d.n gÓRen

wohnraLBi dor sich bs'dóń glt'Bo.en wohnuFgen von del sta&€ biśzum Ho' ers&ecł' boi

gónIi.gterpaia||e'2urst.aBÓ. oi6 wÓhnl:iumeeniwicłoln Śjćh symme'trisch zlm Einqańg,sio

si.d zóńtum und Vedei

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Óom apG'' 70 m] {3 unils);

1nn com'' oq9iaś on e3clr l|ooĘ

rłł:''"""""

N o r ń 3 1 g e s ń r l3!1 r o n d r iŚót-1. oG nn3,Ziwhsn I :2OA

Th. bJilding'which hadtoćlo!. oń a point€d cone',rc.ct3tÓ tlte sltualion w.tn a 3ott|v curved bui|dino ańd a

'" t|'"' Tho €nli'. .iv..;-..* src nai t*.

en'nelv Usodfolthe basement rkinginrh€secondbaseńgńr3rconś.rh..pańmenBoó9'n.tthen6'qńlÓl|h€socondl'

bui|dińg'a g.avelga.dąn'o.i8id€nr.w*th8n c'eatod in tn. €maininqaloa' fou.upp.lt|ooc eaĆhnav€loul

done.oomol€6.hUńń'acou.q'|l6ttsithsrN olNw.Tno g.||6li€sa'ese.bacł' Tho clrvódlacado makes1t6 rcoms |ook laioól

e*s"-".".";dby .ho.r ha waysl tho l..g.r ńidd|. apańmonB hry. 9ń.|l disi.ibuti.q |obbi€ h th€ c

.to p'ovid8 acc.591o ih.thnd mom lom tho |iving ór€.. Th6 'ou.looń

aEart.ń€nt. jn rh€ s6tbacł 1op

'|oÓr aló |!tunoB: rho bn.c. b6comB wido.'a|| ooms

'.ć. s ol są thól9 a.s

spacto!s our.id6 bdrns,

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funktjoha]a Flexb tżt du|ch.lńt t1gćhda aueNżnde

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'a.6dg as nreótd6!ń (with na.ow g.p bw.ń n.ighbo ng

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Documents

Floor Plan Atlas 1