FLAREFLAREConstructing the Constructing the detectordetector

First FLARE WorkshopFirst FLARE WorkshopNovember 4-6, 2004November 4-6, 2004

Rafael SilvaRafael SilvaFermilab / PPD / MDFermilab / PPD / MD

Fermilab Liquid Argon Experiments

Overall Project ScaleOverall Project Scale (Model by Bartoszeck (Model by Bartoszeck

Engineering)Engineering)

Some numbersSome numbers

Inner tankInner tank – Height: Height: 108 ft108 ft = 33 m = 33 m– Diameter: Diameter: 132 ft132 ft = 40 m = 40 m– Volume: 1,500,000 ftVolume: 1,500,000 ft33 = = 11,000,000 gal11,000,000 gal

= 42,000 m= 42,000 m33

Argon density = Argon density = 1.41.4 total weight = total weight = 60 kton60 kton

Weight of inner tank cylindrical wall = Weight of inner tank cylindrical wall = 1.5 1.5 ktonkton

We can divide the design and We can divide the design and construction issues in 3 major construction issues in 3 major groups:groups:

TankTank

DetectorDetector

IntegrationIntegration of detector into tank of detector into tank structurestructure

Tank issuesTank issues

ShapeShape

Design requirementsDesign requirements

MaterialMaterial

InsulationInsulation

ShapeShape

Double steel wallDouble steel wall Insulation between wallsInsulation between walls Flat bottomFlat bottom Flat roof (short electronics path) Flat roof (short electronics path)

or self-supporting curved roofor self-supporting curved roof

CB&I double steel wall tankCB&I double steel wall tank

Design requirementsDesign requirements

Roof structure capable of Roof structure capable of supporting supporting verticalvertical wire load of wire load of 300 tons300 tons

Side wall capable of supporting Side wall capable of supporting horizontalhorizontal wire load of wire load of 115 tons115 tons

Design requirementsDesign requirements (cont.) (cont.)

Access to electronics on top of Access to electronics on top of roofroof

No leaks (from joints)No leaks (from joints)

No contamination (from internal No contamination (from internal surfaces) surfaces)

3D model3D model (Model By Chuck Crimm / (Model By Chuck Crimm / FNAL)FNAL)

MaterialMaterial

Normally used: 9% Ni alloy steel Normally used: 9% Ni alloy steel – 3 x costlier than regular carbon 3 x costlier than regular carbon

steel,steel,– ductile at low temperatures, ductile at low temperatures, – somewhat better corrosion somewhat better corrosion

resistance.resistance.

– May it be coated?May it be coated?

MaterialMaterial (cont.) (cont.)

Stainless steel (no atmospheric Stainless steel (no atmospheric corrosion)corrosion)

– 9 x costlier than regular carbon 9 x costlier than regular carbon steel, steel,

– ductile at low temperatures,ductile at low temperatures,– may have lower strength (thicker, may have lower strength (thicker,

heavier, costlier)heavier, costlier)

InsulationInsulation

Perlite (expanded volcanic glass)Perlite (expanded volcanic glass)

– Normal “in place” density range Normal “in place” density range between 8 and 9 lb/ftbetween 8 and 9 lb/ft33

DetectorDetector

6 HV wire sectors, 6 HV wire sectors,

7 cathode planes, and 7 cathode planes, and

field shaping tubes in between field shaping tubes in between them.them.

DetectorDetector

Each wire sector has 6 wire Each wire sector has 6 wire planes oriented at: planes oriented at: +30°, +30°, -30°, -30°, vertical, vertical, vertical, vertical, -30°, and -30°, and +30°, in this order. +30°, in this order.

Layout of wire sectorsLayout of wire sectors

Stereo PlanesStereo Planes

Field shaping tubesField shaping tubes (Model by Bartoszeck (Model by Bartoszeck Engineering)Engineering)

How are the wires held in How are the wires held in place?place?

Using same method used by Using same method used by Icarus Icarus (according to A. Para)(according to A. Para)– Need to be tested Need to be tested small scale small scale

modelmodel

One end is connected to the One end is connected to the electronics and the other end is electronics and the other end is connected to the weightconnected to the weight

Stereo WiresStereo Wires

These are guided through a system of These are guided through a system of insulated pulleys.insulated pulleys.

Preliminary estimates indicate Preliminary estimates indicate availability of space on the sides and availability of space on the sides and at the bottom for the pulleysat the bottom for the pulleys

Pulleys are staggered and pre-Pulleys are staggered and pre-assembled in groups to panels to be assembled in groups to panels to be located by rails attached to the tanklocated by rails attached to the tank

Prototype requiredPrototype required

Wire analysisWire analysis

150150mm dia. stainless steel wire dia. stainless steel wire Max. wire length = Max. wire length = 125 ft125 ft = 38 m = 38 m Wire tension achieved by Wire tension achieved by 1.3kg1.3kg

weightweight– Max. stereo wire “bowing” (deflection) is Max. stereo wire “bowing” (deflection) is

0.38 in0.38 in = 1 cm = 1 cm– Max. wire elongation = Max. wire elongation = 5.4 in5.4 in = 14 cm = 14 cm

Integration of detector into Integration of detector into tank structuretank structure

Among the options, an analysis Among the options, an analysis was made of the flat roof casewas made of the flat roof case– Wire load is supported by space Wire load is supported by space

frames (trusses) at the topframes (trusses) at the top– Trusses are supported by inner Trusses are supported by inner

wall wall – Inner wall also supports horizontal Inner wall also supports horizontal

loads from wiresloads from wires

3D model 3D model – – space frame detailspace frame detail (Model By Chuck (Model By Chuck

Crimm / FNAL)Crimm / FNAL)

Example – loading and wall thicknessExample – loading and wall thickness

I-DEAS 9 m3: Simulation 38287.000 22:12:52 Function Dataset : Current/cadwhs/server03/ms_rafael/flare_2.mf1 Report Type : XY - Graph Units: INchart Result Type : STRESSSET 1 Frame of Reference: Part Data Component:Max ShearGroup ID : None Surface Type : TopResult Set : 3.000 - B.C. 1,STRESS_3,LOAD

weightElem Elem Elem Elem Elem Even distance Shell 33918Data Distance Max Shear Req. Thick. Round Thick. from bottom Thickness 33918

in psi in in ft in 339181 0 5.16E+02 0.048 0.250 108 0.500 339182 48 1.55E+03 0.143 0.500 104 0.500 508783 96 2.58E+03 0.238 0.500 104 0.500 508784 145 3.62E+03 0.333 0.500 96 0.500 508785 193 4.65E+03 0.428 0.750 96 0.750 678376 241 5.68E+03 0.524 0.750 88 0.750 678377 289 6.71E+03 0.619 0.750 88 0.750 847968 337 7.75E+03 0.714 1.000 80 1.000 847969 385 8.78E+03 0.809 1.000 80 1.000 84796

10 433 9.81E+03 0.904 1.250 72 1.250 10175511 481 1.09E+04 1.000 1.250 72 1.250 10175512 529 1.19E+04 1.095 1.250 64 1.250 11871413 577 1.29E+04 1.190 1.500 64 1.500 11871414 625 1.39E+04 1.285 1.500 56 1.500 11871415 673 1.50E+04 1.381 1.750 56 1.750 13567316 721 1.60E+04 1.476 1.750 48 1.750 13567317 769 1.70E+04 1.571 1.750 48 1.750 13567318 817 1.81E+04 1.666 2.000 40 2.000 15263319 865 1.91E+04 1.761 2.000 40 2.000 15263320 913 2.01E+04 1.856 2.000 32 2.000 16959221 961 2.12E+04 1.951 2.250 32 2.250 16959222 1009 2.22E+04 2.047 2.250 24 2.250 16959223 1057 2.32E+04 2.142 2.500 24 2.500 18655124 1105 2.43E+04 2.237 2.500 16 2.500 18655125 1153 2.53E+04 2.333 2.500 16 2.500 283218226 1201 2.63E+04 2.428 2.750 8 2.75027 1250 2.74E+04 2.523 2.750 8 2.750

Shell Thickness

0.000

0.250

0.500

0.750

1.000

1.250

1.500

1.750

2.000

2.250

2.500

2.750

3.000

0 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 96 104 112 120

height (ft)

plat

e th

ickn

ess

(in)

FLARE - wire planes load (1/2 tank)

item symbol unit value Top W est Side Bottom East Sidetank height H in 1296.0 Area 1 Area 2 Area 3 Area 4 Area 5 Area 6 Total V ertical Total Horizontal

tank diameter D in 1584.0 +30° stereo planes Distance

from centerPlane width n1 S1 Va1 Ha1 n2 S2 Va 2 Ha2 n3 S3 Va3 Ha3 n4 S4 Vb4 Hb4 n5 S5 Vb5 Hb5 n6 S6 Vb6 Hb6 Top Bottom East Side W est Side Total

VerticalTop Bottom East Side W est Side Total

Horizontalin in in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb

Stereo wires Large wire sector 120.0Angle with vertical q (°) 30.0 First stereo 119.5 1565.9 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3597 2941760 8948 -5166 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3291 2462597 1266 4726 3597 2941760 1384 5166 3291 2462597 1266 4726 17132 2650 1266 8185 29234 -9891 9891 4726 -4726 0Angle with vertical qr rad 0.524 Fourth stereo 120.5 1565.6 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3596 2940125 8945 -5164 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3291 2462597 1266 4726 3596 2940125 1384 5164 3291 2462597 1266 4726 17130 2650 1266 8185 29231 -9890 9890 4726 -4726 0wire material density (steel) r lb/cuin 0.284 Total 6582 4925194 16370 -9451 7193 5881885 17893 -10330 6582 4925194 16370 -9451 6582 4925194 2532 9451 7193 5881885 2768 10330 6582 4925194 2532 9451 34262 5300 2532 16370 58465 -19781 19781 9451 -9451 0wire diameter f m mm 0.150 wire diameter f in 0.0059 Intermediate wire sector 360.0wire cross sectional area A sqin 2.74E-05 First stereo 359.5 1411.4 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 2918 1936088 7256 -4189 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3291 2462597 1266 4726 2918 1936088 1122 4189 3291 2462597 1266 4726 15440 2389 1266 8185 27280 -8914 8914 4726 -4726 0wire linear density d lb/in 7.78E-06 Fourth stereo 360.5 1410.4 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 2913 1929460 7243 -4182 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3291 2462597 1266 4726 2913 1929460 1121 4182 3291 2462597 1266 4726 15428 2387 1266 8185 27266 -8907 8907 4726 -4726 0load/wire wkg kg 1.3 Total 6582 4925194 16370 -9451 5831 3865547 14499 -8371 6582 4925194 16370 -9451 6582 4925194 2532 9451 5831 3865547 2243 8371 6582 4925194 2532 9451 30868 4775 2532 16370 54546 -17822 17822 9451 -9451 0load/wire w lb 2.866wire spacing wsmm mm 5 Small wire sector 600.0wire spacing ws in 0.197 First stereo 599.5 1035.1 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 1262 362300 3135 -1810 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3291 2462597 1266 4726 1262 362300 485 1810 3291 2462597 1266 4726 11320 1751 1266 8185 22522 -6535 6535 4726 -4726 0stereo wire horizontal spacing hs in 0.227 Fourth stereo 600.5 1032.8 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 1252 356583 3110 -1795 3291 2462597 8185 -4726 3291 2462597 1266 4726 1252 356583 481 1795 3291 2462597 1266 4726 11295 1747 1266 8185 22493 -6521 6521 4726 -4726 0stereo wire vert ical spacing s in 0.394 Total 6582 4925194 16370 -9451 2514 718883 6245 -3605 6582 4925194 16370 -9451 6582 4925194 2532 9451 2514 718883 966 3605 6582 4925194 2532 9451 22614 3498 2532 16370 45015 -13056 13056 9451 -9451 0spac ing between planes pmm mm 5 +30° stereo planes total 19746 14775583 49109 -28353 15538 10466316 38636 -22306 19746 14775583 49109 -28353 19746 14775583 7597 28353 15538 10466316 5977 22306 19746 14775583 7597 28353 87745 13574 7597 49109 158025 -50659 50659 28353 -28353 0spac ing between planes p in 0.197

Area 2 Area 1 Area 6 Area 5 Area 4 Area 3 Total V ertical Total Horizontal

max. wire offset from vert. @ top in 748.2 -30° stereo planes Distance

from centerPlane width n2 S2 Va2 Ha2 n1 S1 Va 1 Ha1 n6 S6 Vb6 Hb6 n5 S5 Vb5 Hb5 n4 S4 Vb4 Hb4 n3 S3 Va3 Ha3 Top Bottom East Side W est Side Total

VerticalTop Bottom East Side W est Side Total

Horizontalin in in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb in lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb

Longest wire Large wire sector 120.0max. wire length in 1496.5 Second stereo 119.7 1565.8 3597 2941760 8948 5166 3291 2462597 8185 4726 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3597 2941760 1384 -5166 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3291 2462597 8185 4726 17132 2650 8185 1266 29234 9891 -9891 4726 -4726 0weight lb 0.012 Third stereo 120.3 1565.6 3596 2940125 8945 5164 3291 2462597 8185 4726 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3596 2940125 1384 -5164 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3291 2462597 8185 4726 17130 2650 8185 1266 29231 9890 -9890 4726 -4726 0total weight (load+ wire weight) lb 2.878 Total 7193 5881885 17893 10330 6582 4925194 16370 9451 6582 4925194 2532 -9451 7193 5881885 2768 -10330 6582 4925194 2532 -9451 6582 4925194 16370 9451 34262 5300 16370 2532 58465 19781 -19781 9451 -9451 0perp. force on wire from own weight lb 0.006max. deflection in 0.380 Intermediate wire sector 360.0wire tension ksi 105.1 Second stereo 359.7 1411.2 2917 1934761 7253 4188 3291 2462597 8185 4726 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 2917 1934761 1122 -4188 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3291 2462597 8185 4726 15438 2388 8185 1266 27277 8913 -8913 4726 -4726 0wire elastic modulus (steel) ksi 29000 Third stereo 360.3 1410.6 2914 1930784 7246 4183 3291 2462597 8185 4726 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 2914 1930784 1121 -4183 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3291 2462597 8185 4726 15430 2387 8185 1266 27269 8909 -8909 4726 -4726 0elongation % 0.4 Total 5831 3865546 14499 8371 6582 4925194 16370 9451 6582 4925194 2532 -9451 5831 3865546 2243 -8371 6582 4925194 2532 -9451 6582 4925194 16370 9451 30868 4775 16370 2532 54546 17822 -17822 9451 -9451 0elongation in 5.4

Small wire sector 600.0Second stereo 599.7 1034.6 1260 361153 3130 1807 3291 2462597 8185 4726 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 1260 361153 484 -1807 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3291 2462597 8185 4726 11315 1750 8185 1266 22516 6532 -6532 4726 -4726 0Third stereo 600.3 1033.3 1254 357723 3115 1798 3291 2462597 8185 4726 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 1254 357723 482 -1798 3291 2462597 1266 -4726 3291 2462597 8185 4726 11300 1748 8185 1266 22499 6524 -6524 4726 -4726 0

Total 2514 718876 6245 3605 6582 4925194 16370 9451 6582 4925194 2532 -9451 2514 718876 966 -3605 6582 4925194 2532 -9451 6582 4925194 16370 9451 22614 3498 16370 2532 45015 13056 -13056 9451 -9451 0 -30° stereo planes total 15538 10466307 38636 22306 19746 14775583 49109 28353 19746 14775583 7597 -28353 15538 10466307 5977 -22306 19746 14775583 7597 -28353 19746 14775583 49109 28353 87745 13574 49109 7597 158025 50659 -50659 28353 -28353 0

Area 2 Total V ertical 0° vertical planes Distance

from centerPlane width n2 Va 2 Top Total

Verticalin in lb lb lb

Large wire sector 120.0First vertical 119.9 1565.7 7953 22873 22873 22873Second vertical 120.1 1565.7 7953 22873 22873 22873

Total 15906 45746 45746 45746

Intermediate wire sector 360.0First vertical 359.9 1411.0 7167 20613 20613 20613Second vertical 360.1 1410.8 7166 20610 20610 20610

Total 14333 41222 41222 41222

Small wire sector 600.0First vertical 599.9 1034.2 5253 15108 15108 15108Second vertical 600.1 1033.7 5251 15102 15102 15102

Total 10504 30210 30210 302100° vert ical planes total 40743 117179 117179 117179

Total V ertical Total HorizontalTop Bottom East Side W est Side Total

VerticalTop Bottom East Side W est Side Total

Horizontallb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb lb

292668 27148 56706 56706 433229 0 0 56706 -56706 0

Top Bottom W est Side East sideNotes: Vertical Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Vertical Horizontal Vertical Horizontal1) On the sides, Vertical = Horizontal only because q = 30° Large wire sector 114271 0 10601 0 18902 -18902 18902 189022) For the design of the trusses, the horizontal forces acting Intermediate wire sector 102959 0 9551 0 18902 -18902 18902 18902on the top and bottom of the planes (wich when added yield Small wire sector 75438 0 6997 0 18902 -18902 18902 18902null) have to be considered. Total 292668 0 27148 0 56706 -56706 56706 56706

Example - FEA: hydrostatic load Example - FEA: hydrostatic load only only

Example - FEA: boundary Example - FEA: boundary conditionsconditions

Example - FEA: static / max. shearExample - FEA: static / max. shear

Example - FEA: linear buckling / Example - FEA: linear buckling / B.L.F.B.L.F.

Integration of detector into Integration of detector into tank structuretank structure (cont.) (cont.)

Preliminary analysis indicates Preliminary analysis indicates feasibility of flat roof and load feasibility of flat roof and load supported by inner shell supported by inner shell

More loading cases need to be More loading cases need to be studiedstudied

Subsequent more detailed Subsequent more detailed analysis is neededanalysis is needed

Fermilab Liquid Argon Experiments