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FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
FLACS-FireValidation and further development
Djurre Siccama
Gexcon
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
►Customers
►Developments last year
►Validation H2 Jet fires
►Future developments FLACS-Fire
Outline
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Currently 14+ FLACS-Fire customers
► Overal feedback is very positive
Customers
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Partial porosities
► Work on hydrogen jet fires
► Improvements of Convective radation in monitor points
► Recommendations on pseudo-component for pool fire mixtures
► Recommendations and validation for trench fires
► Validation and working on user validation report
► Supporting various FLACS-Fire users
► Two family extentions in the Fire development team
FLACS-Fire Developments last year
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Burns quickly
► Low radiant heat
► Almost invisible
► Radiative properties
Validation of H2 Jet fires
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Fuel = H2
► Tank Pressure = 104.8 bar
► Tank Temperature = 231.4 K
► Jet Direction = Vertical
► Nozzle Diameter = 5.08 mm
► Wind speed = 0 m/s
► Ambient Temperature = 293 K
Case A: Vertical H2 Jet fire
Schefer et al. 2007
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► No of Grid: 353,495
► Pseudo source models:
1. Jet Utility
2. Albe-Noble
3. Ewan & Moodie
Case A: Sensitivity study (1)
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Flame shape and Temperature
Case A: Sensitivity study (2)
ExperimentFLACS-Fire
Jet Utility Able-Noble Ewan & Moodie
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
Case A: Sensitivity study (4)Jet Utility Able-Noble Ewan & Moodie
Radiometer FLACS-Fire
Jet Utility
FLACS-Fire
Albe-noble
FLACS-Fire
Ewan-moodie
R-1 11.5 11.0 10.9
R-2 8.8 7.9 8.1
R-3 6.2 7.7 5.7
R-4 5.7 5.8 4.8
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Fuel = H2
► Tank Pressure = 59.8 bar
► Tank Temperature = 308.7 K
► Jet Direction = Horizontal
► Nozzle Diameter = 20.9 mm
► Wind speed = 2.84 m/s
► Ambient Temperature = 280 K
► Angle between wind and jet =1.5°
Case B: Horizontal H2 Jet fire (1)
Ekoto et al. 2012
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Fuel = H2
Case B: Horizontal H2 Jet fire (2)
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
Case B: Horizontal H2 Jet fire (3)
Standard k-Ɛ
constants
modified k-Ɛ
constants
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Fuel = H2
► Tank Pressure = 62.1 bar
► Tank Temperature = 287.8 K
► Jet Direction = Horizontal
► Nozzle Diameter = 20.9 mm
► Wind speed = 0.83 m/s
► Ambient Temperature = 280 K
► Angle between wind and jet =33°
Case C: Large Horizontal H2 Jet fire (1)
Experim
ent
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
Case C: Large Horizontal H2 Jet fire (2)
Experiment
FLACS-Fire
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Fuel = H2
► Tank Pressure = 100 bar
► Tank Temperature = 238.7 K
► Jet Direction = Horizontal
► Nozzle Diameter = 3 mm
Case D: Horizontal H2 Jet dispersion (1)
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
Case D: Horizontal H2 Jet dispersion (2)
Albe-Noble
Jet utility
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Grid
► Point jet Leak / Area Leak
► Extinction
► Fire switch
► Pseudo source models
► Gravity constant
► Compressible/ Incompressible
► RELATIVE_TURBULENCE_INTENSITY
► TURBULENCE_LENGTH_SCALE
► Ground roughness
► Reference height
► Turbulence generation due to buoyancy – Max, Rodi model
► TIMEORDER
► Turbulence constants
Additional sensitivities
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Performance of vertical Hydrogen jet fires is good to very good
► Performance of horizontal Hydrogen jet fires is not yet sufficiently
accurate
► Underlying cause still not identified
► Further investigation needed
Conclusion validation of H2 Jet fires
FLACS User Group Meeting 31 May – 1 June 2016 Bergen Norway
► Validation report
► Statoil approval process
► User friendliness
► Simplify DTM buffer settings
► Improve pool fire guidelines
► Speed and robustness
► Time dependent and user customisable DTM frequency
► Calculate DTM on limited domain and/or far field radiation model
► Parallel solver?
► Improved modelling
► Improved support for partial porosity
► 3D radiation output (Currently only in monitor points)
► Interfacing with structural response software (FEA)
► Fire Deluge
Planned developments FLACS-Fire